Functions to simplify the linking of open source GIS and remote sensing related command line interfaces.
Produces high resolution, publication ready linkage maps
    and quantitative trait loci maps. Input can be output from 'R/qtl',
    simple text or comma delimited files. Output is currently
    a portable document file.
Link communities reveal the nested and overlapping structure in networks, and uncover the key nodes that form connections to multiple communities. linkcomm provides a set of tools for generating, visualizing, and analysing link communities in networks of arbitrary size and type. The linkcomm package also includes tools for generating, visualizing, and analysing Overlapping Cluster Generator (OCG) communities.
A class that links matrix-like objects (nodes) by rows or by
    columns while behaving similarly to a base R matrix. Very large matrices
    are supported if the nodes are memory-mapped objects.
A linkage information based method for imputing missing diploid genotypes
Creates kinematic and static force models of 3D levers and linkage mechanisms, with particular application to the fields of engineering and biomechanics.
A 'LaTeX' Letter class for 'rmarkdown', using the
 'pandoc-letter' template adapted for use with 'markdown'.
This package implements the methodology of
        Likelihood-based Imprecise Regression (LIR) for the case of
        linear regression with interval data.
This package can be used to solve Linear Programming /
        Linear Optimization problems by using the simplex algorithm.
Interactive visualization of effects, response functions 
    and marginal effects for different kinds of regression models. In this version 
    linear regression models, generalized linear models, generalized additive
    models and linear mixed-effects models are supported.  
    Major features are the interactive approach and the handling of the effects of categorical covariates: 
    if two or more factors are used as covariates every combination of the levels of each 
    factor is treated separately. The automatic calculation of 
    marginal effects and a number of possibilities to customize the graphical output 
    are useful features as well.
Estimate the mean of a Gaussian vector, by choosing among a large collection of estimators. In particular it solves the problem of variable selection by choosing the best predictor among  predictors emanating from different methods as lasso, elastic-net, adaptive lasso, pls, randomForest. Moreover, it can be applied for choosing the tuning parameter in a Gauss-lasso procedure.
Variable elimination (Gaussian elimination, Fourier-Motzkin elimination), 
    Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse, reduction to reduced row echelon form, value substitution,  
    projecting a vector on the convex polytope described by a system of (in)equations, 
    simplify systems by removing spurious columns and rows and collapse implied equalities, 
    test if a matrix is totally unimodular, compute variable ranges implied by linear
    (in)equalities.
Checks adherence to a given style, syntax errors and possible
    semantic issues.  Supports on the fly checking of R code edited with 'RStudio IDE', 'Emacs',
    'Vim', 'Sublime Text' and 'Atom'.
Provides three classes: Queue, PriorityQueue and Stack. Queue is just a
    "plain vanilla" FIFO queue; PriorityQueue orders items according to priority. Stack implements LIFO.
Support vector machines (SVMs) and related kernel-based learning
    algorithms are a well-known class of machine learning algorithms, for
    non-parametric classification and regression.
    liquidSVM is an implementation of SVMs whose key features are:
    fully integrated hyper-parameter selection,
    extreme speed on both small and large data sets,
    full flexibility for experts, and
    inclusion of a variety of different learning scenarios:
    multi-class classification, ROC, and Neyman-Pearson learning, and
    least-squares, quantile, and expectile regression.
Performs Bayesian linear regression and forecasting in astronomy. The method accounts for heteroscedastic errors in both the independent and the dependent variables, intrinsic scatters (in both variables) and scatter correlation, time evolution of slopes, normalization, scatters, Malmquist and Eddington bias, upper limits and break of linearity. The posterior distribution of the regression parameters is sampled with a Gibbs method exploiting the JAGS library.
Though SRFI-1 scopes both list-processing and higher-order
        programming, we'll save some list-orthogonal functions for the
        `functional' package; this is freely a mixture of
        implementation and API.
This is an unofficial package aimed at automating the
        import of LISREL output in R.  This package or its maintainer
        is not in any way affiliated with the creators of LISREL and
        SSI, Inc.
Allows researchers to conduct multivariate
    statistical analyses of survey data with list experiments. This
    survey methodology is also known as the item count technique or
    the unmatched count technique and is an alternative to the commonly
    used randomized response method. The package implements the methods
    developed by Imai (2011) <doi:10.1198/jasa.2011.ap10415>, 
    Blair and Imai (2012) <doi:10.1093/pan/mpr048>, 
    Blair, Imai, and Lyall (2013) <doi:10.1111/ajps.12086>, 
    Imai, Park, and Greene (2014) <doi:10.1093/pan/mpu017>,
    Aronow, Coppock, Crawford, and Green (2015) <doi:10.1093/jssam/smu023>, 
    and Chou, Imai, and Rosenfeld (2016) 
    <http://imai.princeton.edu/research/files/auxiliary.pdf>. 
    This includes a Bayesian MCMC implementation of regression for the 
    standard and multiple sensitive item list experiment designs and a 
    random effects setup, a Bayesian MCMC hierarchical regression model 
    with up to three hierarchical groups, the combined list experiment 
    and endorsement experiment regression model, a joint model of the 
    list experiment that enables the analysis of the list experiment as 
    a predictor in outcome regression models, and a method for combining 
    list experiments with direct questions. In addition, the package
    implements the statistical test that is designed to detect
    certain failures of list experiments, and a placebo test
    for the list experiment using data from direct questions.
A toolbox for R arrays. Flexibly split, bind, reshape, modify, 
    subset and name arrays.
Construction of list-based rules, i.e. a list of if-then clauses, to estimate the optimal dynamic treatment regime.
List environments are environments that have list-like properties.  For instance, the elements of a list environment are ordered and can be accessed and iterated over using index subsetting, e.g. 'x <- listenv(a = 1, b = 2); for (i in seq_along(x)) x[[i]] <- x[[i]] ^ 2; y <- as.list(x)'.
Tests for independence between X and Y computed from a paired sample (x1,y1),...(xn,yn) of (X,Y), using one of the following statistics (a) the Longest Increasing Subsequence (Ln), (b) JLn, a Jackknife version of Ln or (c) JLMn, a Jackknife version of the longest monotonic subsequence. This family of tests can be applied under the assumption of continuity of X and Y.
A lightweight utility for converting lists to tidy data frames.
R lists, especially nested lists, can be very difficult to
    visualize or represent. Sometimes 'str()' is not enough, so this suite of
    htmlwidgets is designed to help see, understand, and maybe even modify your R
    lists.  The function 'reactjson()' requires a package
    'reactR' that can be installed from CRAN or <https://github.com/timelyportfolio/reactR>.
Provides a function that, as an alternative to base::list, allows
    default values to be inherited from another list.
Temporary and permanent message queues for R. Built on top of
    'SQLite' databases. 'SQLite' provides locking, and makes it possible
    to detect crashed consumers. Crashed jobs can be automatically marked
    as "failed", or put in the queue again, potentially a limited number of times.
A scripting and command-line front-end
 is provided by 'r' (aka 'littler') as a lightweight binary wrapper around
 the GNU R language and environment for statistical computing and graphics.
 While R can be used in batch mode, the r binary adds full support for
 both 'shebang'-style scripting (i.e. using a  hash-mark-exclamation-path
 expression as the first line in scripts) as well as command-line use in
 standard Unix pipelines. In other words, r provides the R language without
 the environment.
Linear Liu regression coefficient's estimation and testing with different Liu related measures such as MSE, R-squared etc.
  REFERENCES
  i.   Akdeniz and Kaciranlar (1995) <doi:10.1080/03610929508831585>
  ii.  Druilhet and Mom (2008) <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2006.06.011>
  iii. Imdadullah, Aslam, and Saima (2017)
  iv.  Liu (1993) <doi:10.1080/03610929308831027>
  v.   Liu (2001) <doi:10.1016/j.jspi.2010.05.030>.
Interpretability of complex machine learning models is a growing concern.
    This package helps to understand key factors that drive the 
    decision made by complicated predictive model (so called black box model). 
    This is achieved through local approximations that are either based on 
    additive regression like model or CART like model that allows for 
    higher interactions. The methodology is based on Tulio Ribeiro, Singh, Guestrin (2016) <doi:10.1145/2939672.2939778>.
    More details can be found in Staniak, Biecek (2018) <arXiv:1804.01955>.
Provides a wrapper around LiveChat's API. The R functions allow for
    one to extract chat sessions, raw text of chats between agents and customers and
    events.
Fits and tests logistic joinpoint models.
Provides functionality to train and evaluate algorithm selection models for portfolios.
LLE is a non-linear algorithm for mapping high-dimensional
        data into a lower dimensional (intrinsic) space. This package
        provides the main functions to performs the LLE alogrithm
        including some enhancements like subset selection, calculation
        of the intrinsic dimension etc.
Applies local log-linear capture-recapture models (LLLMs) for
    closed populations, as described in the doctoral thesis of Zachary Kurtz.
    The method is relevant when there are 3-5 capture occasions, with auxiliary
    covariates available for all capture occasions.  As part of estimating the
    number of missing population units, the method estimates the "rate of
    missingness" as it varies over the covariate space.  In addition,
    user-friendly functions are provided to recreate (approximately) the method
    of Zwane and van der Heijden (2004), which applied the VGAM package
    in a way that is closely related to LLLMs.
Fits the Logit Leaf Model, makes predictions and visualizes the output. (De Caigny et al., (2018) <DOI:10.1016/j.ejor.2018.02.009>).
Density, distribution function, quantile function and random generation for the L-Logistic distribution with parameters m and b. The parameter m is the median of the distribution.
Analyses experimental data from liquid-liquid phase diagrams and
    provide a simple way to obtain its parameters and a simplified report. Designed
    initially to analyse Aqueous Two-Phases Systems, the package will include (every
    other update) new functions in order to comprise useful tools in liquid-liquid
    analysis.
Adds standardized regression coefficients to objects created by lm. Also extends the S3 methods print, summary and coef with additional boolean argument standardized.
Exact significance tests for a changepoint in linear or multiple linear regression.  
  Confidence regions with exact coverage probabilities for the changepoint.  The method is from
  Knowles, Siegmund and Zhang (1991) <doi:10.1093/biomet/78.1.15>.
Fit linear and generalized linear mixed-effects models.
    The models and their components are represented using S4 classes and
    methods.  The core computational algorithms are implemented using the
    'Eigen' C++ library for numerical linear algebra and 'RcppEigen' "glue".
This package includes a function to fit a linear
        mixed-effects model in the formulation described in Laird and
        Ware (1982) but allowing for censored normal responses. In this
        version, the with-in group errors are assumed independent and
        identically distributed.
Performs QTL mapping analysis for balanced and for
  multi-environment and multi-trait analysis using mixed models.
  Balanced population, single trait, single environment QTL mapping is
  performed through marker-regression (Haley and Knott (1992) <DOI:10.1038/hdy.1992.131>,
  Martinez and Curnow (1992) <DOI:10.1007/BF00222330>,
  while multi-environment and multi-trait QTL
  mapping is performed through linear mixed models.
  These functions could use any of the following populations: double haploid,
  F2, recombinant inbred lines, back-cross, and 4-way crosses.
  Performs a Single Marker Analysis, a Single Interval Mapping,
  or a Composite Interval Mapping analysis, and then constructs a final model
  with all of the relevant QTL.
The functions in this package implement the safety monitoring procedures proposed in the paper titled "Detection of unusual increases in MRI lesion counts in individual multiple sclerosis patients" by Zhao, Y., Li, D.K.B., Petkau, A.J., Riddehough, A., Traboulsee, A., published in Journal of the American Statistical Association in 2013. The procedure first models longitudinally collected count variables with a negative binomial mixed-effect regression model. To account for the correlation among repeated measures from the same patient, the model has subject-specific random intercept, which can be modelled with a gamma or log-normal distributions. One can also choose the semi-parametric option which does not assume any distribution for the random effect. These mixed-effect models could be useful beyond the application of the safety monitoring. The maximum likelihood methods are used to estimate the unknown fixed effect parameters of the model. Based on the fitted model, the personalized activity index is computed for each patient. Lastly, this package is companion to R package lmeNBBayes, which contains the functions to compute the Personalized Activity Index in Bayesian framework.
The functions in this package implement the safety monitoring procedures proposed in the paper titled "A flexible mixed effect negative binomial regression model for detecting unusual increases in MRI lesion counts in individual multiple sclerosis patients" by Kondo, Y., Zhao, Y. and Petkau, A.J. The procedure first models longitudinally collected count variables with a negative binomial mixed-effect regression model. To account for the correlation among repeated measures from the same patient, the model has subject-specific random intercept, which is modelled with the infinite mixture of Beta distributions, very flexible distribution that theoretically allows any form. The package also has the option of a single beta distribution for random effects. These mixed-effect models could be useful beyond the application of the safety monitoring. The inference is based on MCMC samples and this package contains a Gibbs sampler to sample from the posterior distribution of the negative binomial mixed-effect regression model. Based on the fitted model, the personalized activity index is computed for each patient. Lastly, this package is companion to R package lmeNB, which contains the functions to compute the Personalized Activity Index in the frequentist framework.
Contains functions to estimate model parameters and filter, smooth and forecast random effects coefficients for mixed models with stationary and non-stationary stochastic processes under multivariate normal and t response distributions, diagnostic checks, bootstrap standard error calculation, etc.
The main function of the package is to perform backward selection of fixed effects, forward fitting of the random effects, and post-hoc analysis using parallel capabilities. Other functionality includes the computation of ANOVAs with upper- or lower-bound p-values and R-squared values for each model term, model criticism plots, data trimming on model residuals, and data visualization. The data to run examples is contained in package LCF_data.
Bootstrap routines for nested linear mixed effects models fit using
    either 'lme4' or 'nlme'. The provided 'bootstrap()' function implements the
    parametric, semi-parametric (i.e., CGR), residual, cases, and random effect
    block (REB) bootstrap procedures.
Provides p-values in type I, II or III anova and summary tables
    for lmer model fits (cf. lme4) via Satterthwaite's degrees of freedom method. A
    Kenward-Roger method is also available via the pbkrtest package. Model selection
    methods include step, drop1 and anova-like tables for random effects (ranova).
    Methods for Least-Square means (LS-means) and tests of linear contrasts of fixed
    effects are also available.
Add smoothing spline modelling capability to nlme. Fit
        smoothing spline terms in Gaussian linear and nonlinear
        mixed-effects models
Fit certain versions of the Latent Markov model for longitudinal categorical data.
Test zero variance components in linear mixed models and 
  test additivity in nonparametric regression 
  using the restricted likelihood ratio test and the generalized F-test.
  Details can be found at Zhang et al (2016) <doi:10.1002/cjs.11295>.
This R package provide methods for estimation and statistical
               inference on directional and fluctuating selection in age-structured
               populations.
We present a method based on filtering algorithms to estimate the parameters of linear regressions, i.e. the coefficients and the variance of the error term. The proposed algorithm makes use of Particle Filters following Ristic, B., Arulampalam, S., Gordon, N. (2004, ISBN: 158053631X) resampling methods.
Functions for different purposes related to Forest biometrics, including illustrative graphics, numerical computation, modeling height-diameter relationships, prediction of tree volumes, and modelling of diameter distributions. Datasets on tree height-diameter relationship,  light response of moss photosynthesis, and productivity of stump-lifting machines are included.
Some improved procedures for linear mixed models.
Fits (Gaussian) linear mixed-effects models
        for high-dimensional data (n<<p) using the linear mixed model elastic-net penalty.
This package fits (gaussian) linear mixed-effects models
        for high-dimensional data (n<<p) using a Lasso-type approach
        for the fixed-effects parameter.
Fit right censored Multiple Ordinal Tobit (MOT) model.
Embarrassingly Parallel Linear Mixed Model calculations spread across local cores which repeat until convergence.
Linear Mixed effect Model Splines ('lmms') implements linear mixed
    effect model splines for modelling and differential expression for highly
    dimensional data sets: investNoise() for quality control and filterNoise() for
    removing non-informative trajectories; lmmSpline() to model time course expression
    profiles and lmmsDE() performs differential expression analysis to identify
    differential expression between groups, time and/or group x time interaction.
Computes model II simple linear regression using ordinary
 least squares (OLS), major axis (MA), standard major axis (SMA), and
 ranged major axis (RMA).
Functions related to L-moments: computation of L-moments
  and trimmed L-moments of distributions and data samples; parameter
  estimation; L-moment ratio diagram; plot vs. quantiles of an
  extreme-value distribution.
Extensive functions for L-moments (LMs) and probability-weighted moments
  (PWMs), parameter estimation for distributions, LM computation for distributions, and
  L-moment ratio diagrams. Maximum likelihood and maximum product of spacings estimation
  are also available. LMs for right-tail and left-tail censoring by known or unknown
  threshold and by indicator variable are available. Asymmetric (asy) trimmed LMs
  (TL-moments, TLMs) are supported. LMs of residual (resid) and reversed (rev) resid life
  are implemented along with 13 quantile function operators for reliability and survival
  analyses. Exact analytical bootstrap estimates of order statistics, LMs, and variances-
  covariances of LMs are provided. The Harri-Coble Tau34-squared Normality Test is available.
  Distribution support with "L" (LMs), "TL" (TLMs) and added (+) support for right-tail
  censoring (RC) encompasses: Asy Exponential (Exp) Power [L], Asy Triangular [L],
  Cauchy [TL], Eta-Mu [L], Exp. [L], Gamma [L], Generalized (Gen) Exp Poisson [L],
  Gen Extreme Value [L], Gen Lambda [L,TL], Gen Logistic [L), Gen Normal [L],
  Gen Pareto [L+RC, TL], Govindarajulu [L], Gumbel [L], Kappa [L], Kappa-Mu [L],
  Kumaraswamy [L], Laplace [L], Linear Mean Resid. Quantile Function [L], Normal [L],
  3-p log-Normal [L], Pearson Type III [L], Rayleigh [L], Rev-Gumbel [L+RC], Rice/Rician [L],
  Slash [TL], 3-p Student t [L], Truncated Exponential [L], Wakeby [L], and Weibull [L].
  Multivariate sample L-comoments (LCMs) are implemented to measure asymmetric associations.
Contains functions to estimate
        L-moments and trimmed L-moments from the data. Also
        contains functions to estimate the parameters of the normal
        polynomial quantile mixture and the Cauchy polynomial quantile
        mixture from L-moments and trimmed L-moments.
It is an extension of 'lmom' R package: 'pel','cdf',qua' function
    families are lumped and called from one function per each family respectively in order to
    create robust automatic tools to fit data  with different probability
    distributions and then to estimate probability values and return periods.  The implemented functions are able to manage time series with constant and/or missing values without stopping
    the execution with error messages. The package also contains tools to  calculate several  indices based on variability (e.g. 'SPI' , Standardized
    Precipitation Index, see <https://climatedataguide.ucar.edu/climate-data/standardized-precipitation-index-spi> and <http://spei.csic.es/>) for multiple time series or spatio-temporal gridded values.
Functions for regional frequency analysis using the methods
  of J. R. M. Hosking and J. R. Wallis (1997), "Regional frequency analysis:
  an approach based on L-moments".
Linear model functions using permutation tests.
Implementation based on Zhang, Jie & Huang, Kun (2014) <doi:10.4137/CIN.S14021> Normalized ImQCM: An Algorithm for Detecting Weak Quasi-Cliques in Weighted Graph with Applications in Gene Co-Expression Module Discovery in Cancers. Cancer informatics, 13, CIN-S14021.
Linear ridge regression coefficient's estimation and testing with different ridge related measures such as MSE, R-squared etc.
Exact and approximation algorithms for variable-subset
  selection in ordinary linear regression models.  Either compute all
  submodels with the lowest residual sum of squares, or determine the
  single-best submodel according to a pre-determined statistical
  criterion.  Hofmann, Gatu, Kontoghiorghes, Colubi, Zeileis (2018,
  submitted).
Provides tools and a consistent interface to support analyses using General, Generalized, and Multi-level Linear Models.
A collection of tests, data sets, and examples
 for diagnostic checking in linear regression models. Furthermore,
 some generic tools for inference in parametric models are provided.
Runs a linear-like regression with in which both the expected value and the variance can vary per observation. The expected values mu follows the standard linear model mu = X_mu * beta_mu. The standard deviation sigma follows the model log(sigma) = X_sigma * beta_sigma. The package comes with two vignettes: 'Intro' gives an introduction, 'Math' gives mathematical details.
Construct the simultaneous confidence intervals for
             ratios of means of Log-normal populations with zeros. It also has a Python module that do the same thing,
             and can be applied to multiple comparisons of parameters of any k mixture distributions. And we provide four methods,
             the method based on generalized pivotal quantity with order statistics and the quantity based on Wilson by Li et al. (2009) <doi:10.1016/j.spl.2009.03.004> (GPQW), and the methods based on 
             generalized pivotal quantity with order statistics and the quantity based on Hannig (2009) <doi:10.1093/biomet/asp050> (GPQH). The other two methods are 
             based on two-step MOVER intervals by Amany H, Abdel K (2015) <doi:10.1080/03610918.2013.767911>. We deduce Fiducial generalized pivotal two-step MOVER intervals based on 
             Wilson quantity (FMW) and based on Hannig's quantity (FMWH). All these approach you can find in the paper of us which it has been submitted.
Functions for predicting sequences are mRNAs or long non-coding RNAs.
    Default models are trained on human, mouse and wheat datasets by employing 
    SVM. Features are based on intrinsic composition of sequence, EIIP value 
    (electron-ion interaction pseudopotential) and secondary structure. The model
    can also be built on users' own data.
Predict modulators regulating the ability of effectors to regulate their targets and produce
    modulator-effector-target triplets followed by goterm functional enrichment and survival analysis.This
	is mainly applied to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as candidate modulators regulating the ability of 
	transcription factors (TFs) to regulate their corresponding targets.
Identifies pathways synergisticly regulated by the interested lncRNA(long non-coding RNA) sets based on a lncRNA-mRNA(messenger RNA) interaction network. 1) The lncRNA-mRNA interaction network was built from the protein-protein interactions and the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression relationships in 28 RNA-Seq data sets. 2) The interested lncRNAs can be mapped into networks as seed nodes and a random walk strategy will be performed to evaluate the rate of each coding genes influenced by the seed lncRNAs. 3) Pathways regulated by the lncRNA set will be evaluated by a weighted Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic as an ES Score. 4) The p value and false discovery rate value will also be calculated through a permutation analysis. 5) The running score of each pathway can be plotted and the heat map of each pathway can also be plotted if an expression profile is provided. 6) The rank and scores of the gene list of each pathway can be printed.
Allows the simultaneous analysis of responses and response times in an Item Response Theory (IRT) modelling framework. Supports covariates for item and person (random) parameters. Parameter estimation is done with a MCMC algorithm. LNIRT replaces the package CIRT, which was written by Rinke Klein Entink. For reference, see the paper by Fox, Klein Entink and Van der Linden (2007), "Modeling of Responses and Response Times with the Package cirt", Journal of Statistical Software, <doi:10.18637/jss.v020.i07>.
Various plots and functions that make use of the lattice/trellis plotting framework. 
   The plots, which include loaPlot(), GoogleMap() and trianglePlot(), use panelPal(), a function that 
   extends 'lattice' and 'hexbin' package methods to automate plot subscript and panel-to-panel 
   and panel-to-key synchronization/management.
Implements novel nonparametric approaches to address
    biases and confounding when comparing treatments or exposures in
    observational studies of outcomes. While designed and appropriate for use
    in studies involving medicine and the life sciences, the package can be
    used in other situations involving outcomes with multiple confounders.
    The package implements a family of methods for nonparametric bias
    correction when comparing treatments in cross-sectional, case-control,
    and survival analysis settings, including competing risks with censoring.
    The approach extends to bias-corrected personalized predictions of
    treatment outcome differences, and analysis of heterogeneity of treatment
    effect-sizes across patient subgroups.
Computational routines for estimating local Gaussian parameters. Local Gaussian parameters are useful for characterizing and testing for non-linear dependence within bivariate data. See e.g. Tjostheim and Hufthammer, Local Gaussian correlation: A new measure of dependence, Journal of Econometrics, 2013, Volume 172 (1), pages 33-48 <DOI:10.1016/j.jeconom.2012.08.001>.
The package converts R data onto input and data for LocalSolver,
    executes optimization and exposes optimization results as R data.
    LocalSolver (http://www.localsolver.com/) is an optimization engine
    developed by Innovation24 (http://www.innovation24.fr/). It is designed to
    solve large-scale mixed-variable non-convex optimization problems.  The
    localsolver package is developed and maintained by WLOG Solutions
    (http://www.wlogsolutions.com/en/) in collaboration with Decision Support
    and Analysis Division at Warsaw School of Economics
    (http://www.sgh.waw.pl/en/).
Computation of local false discovery rates.
The main idea of the Local FDR algorithm is to estimate both proportion of null observations and the ratio of null and alternative densities. In the case that there are many null observations, this can be done reliably, through maximum likelihood or generalized linear models. This package implements this in the case that the null and alternative densities are Poisson.
Local regression, likelihood and density estimation.
Provides test of second-order stationarity for time
	series (for dyadic and arbitrary-n length data). Provides
	localized autocovariance, with confidence intervals,
	for locally stationary (nonstationary) time series.
Datasets for "Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data" by Lock^5
    Datasets for the first and second editions of the book.  Older editions of revised data often have an extra 1e in the name.
Data sets and other utilities for 
    'Statistics: Unlocking the Power of Data'
    by Lock, Lock, Lock, Lock and Lock 
    (ISBN : 978-0-470-60187-7, http://lock5stat.com/).
Computes local polynomial estimators for 
  the regression and also density. It comprises several 
  different utilities to handle kernel estimators.
Read and write access to PNG image files using the LodePNG
    library. The package has no external dependencies.
Genome-wide association (GWAS) analyses
  of a biomarker that account for the limit of detection.
Local Ordinal embedding (LOE) is one of graph embedding methods for unweighted graphs.
logr4 provides an object-oriented logging system that uses an API
    roughly equivalent to log4j and its related variants.
Methods for fitting log-link GLMs and GAMs to binomial data,
    including EM-type algorithms with more stable convergence properties than standard methods.
Software for computing a log-concave (maximum likelihood) estimator for i.i.d. data in any number of dimensions. For a detailed description of the method see Cule, Samworth and Stewart (2010, Journal of Royal Statistical Society Series B, <doi:10.1111/j.1467-9868.2010.00753.x>).
Based on right or interval censored data, compute the maximum likelihood estimator of a (sub)probability density under the assumption that it is log-concave. For further information see Duembgen, Rufibach, and Schuhmacher (2011, preprint).
Given independent and identically distributed observations X(1), ..., X(n), compute the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of a density as well as a smoothed version of it under the assumption that the density is log-concave, see Rufibach (2007) and Duembgen and Rufibach (2009). The main function of the package is 'logConDens' that allows computation of the log-concave MLE and its smoothed version. In addition, we provide functions to compute (1) the value of the density and distribution function estimates (MLE and smoothed) at a given point (2) the characterizing functions of the estimator, (3) to sample from the estimated distribution, (5) to compute a two-sample permutation test based on log-concave densities, (6) the ROC curve based on log-concave estimates within cases and controls, including confidence intervals for given values of false positive fractions (7) computation of a confidence interval for the value of the true density at a fixed point. Finally, three datasets that have been used to illustrate log-concave density estimation are made available.
Computes maximum likelihood estimate of a log-concave density  with fixed and known location of the mode. Performs inference about the mode via a likelihood ratio test. Extension of the logcondens package.
Given independent and identically distributed observations X(1), ..., X(n), allows to compute the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of probability mass function (pmf) under the assumption that it is log-concave, see Weyermann (2007) and Balabdaoui, Jankowski, Rufibach, and Pavlides (2012). The main functions of the package are 'logConDiscrMLE' that allows computation of the log-concave MLE, 'logConDiscrCI' that computes pointwise confidence bands for the MLE, and 'kInflatedLogConDiscr' that computes a mixture of a log-concave PMF and a point mass at k.
logging is a pure R package that implements the ubiquitous
        log4j package.
A very simple and easy-to-use set of suspiciously-familiar functions. 'loggit'
    provides a set of wrappings for base R's message(), warning(), and stop()
    functions that maintain identical functionality, but also log the handler
    message to a 'JSON' log file. While mostly automatic, powerful custom logging
    is available via these handlers' logging function, loggit(), which is also
    exported for use. No change in existing code is necessary to use this
    package.
Provides a set of methods that learn time-varying graphical models based on data measured over a temporal grid. The underlying statistical model is motivated by the needs to describe and understand evolving interacting relationships among a set of random variables in many real applications, for instance the study of how stocks interact with each other and how such interactions change over time. The time-varying graphical models are estimated under the assumption that the graph topology changes gradually over time. For more details on estimating time-varying graphical models, please refer to: Yang, J. & Peng, J. (2018) <arXiv:1804.03811>.
Fast binning of multiple variables using parallel processing. A summary of all the variables binned is generated which provides the information value, entropy, an indicator of whether the variable follows a monotonic trend or not, etc. It supports rebinning of variables to force a monotonic trend as well as manual binning based on pre specified cuts. The cut points of the bins are based on conditional inference trees as implemented in the partykit package. The conditional inference framework is described by Hothorn T, Hornik K, Zeileis A (2006) <doi:10.1198/106186006X133933>.
Two classification ensemble methods based on logic regression models.  LogForest uses a bagging approach to construct an ensemble of logic regression models.  LBoost uses a combination of boosting and cross-validation to construct an ensemble of logic regression models.  Both methods are used for classification of binary responses based on binary predictors and for identification of important variables and variable interactions predictive of a binary outcome.
This package contains the functions necessary to run the LOGICOIL algorithm. LOGICOIL can be used to differentiate between antiparallel dimers, parallel dimers, trimers and higher-order coiled-coil sequence. By covering >90 percent of the known coiled-coil structures, LOGICOIL is a net improvement compared with other existing methods, which achieve a predictive coverage of around 31 percent of this population. As such, LOGICOIL is particularly useful for researchers looking to characterize novel coiled-coil sequences or studying coiled-coil containing protein assemblies. It may also be used to assist in the structural characterization of synthetic coiled-coil sequences.
Routines for fitting Logic Regression models.
Provides histograms, boxplots and dotplots as alternatives to scatterplots of data when plotting fitted logistic regressions.
Fit a logistic regression model using Firth's bias reduction method, equivalent to penalization of the log-likelihood by the Jeffreys 
	prior. Confidence intervals for regression coefficients can be computed by penalized profile likelihood. Firth's method was proposed as ideal
	solution to the problem of separation in logistic regression. If needed, the bias reduction can be turned off such that ordinary
	maximum likelihood logistic regression is obtained.
Error in a binary dependent variable, also known as misclassification, has not drawn much attention in psychology. Ignoring misclassification in logistic regression can result in misleading parameter estimates and statistical inference. This package conducts logistic regression analysis with misspecification in outcome variables.
Diagnostic tests and plots for GLMs (generalized linear models)
    with binomial/ binary outcomes, particularly logistic regression.
Dimensionality reduction techniques for binary data including
    logistic PCA.
Fits linear discrete logit choice models with l2 regularization. To handle reasonably sized datasets, we employ an accelerated version of generalized gradient descent.
LogitNet is developed for inferring network of binary
        variables under the high-dimension-low-sample-size setting
Density, distribution, quantile and random generation function for the logitnormal distribution. Estimation of the mode and the first two moments. Estimation of distribution parameters.
Computes log-transformed kernel density estimates for positive data using a variety of kernels. It follows the methods
    described in Jones, Nguyen and McLachlan (2018) <arXiv:1804.08365>.
r,d,p,q functions for the double log normal distribution
Functions to fit log-multiplicative models using 'gnm', with
  support for convenient printing, plots, and jackknife/bootstrap
  standard errors. For complex survey data, models can be fitted from
  design objects from the 'survey' package. Currently supported models
  include UNIDIFF (Erikson & Goldthorpe), a.k.a. log-multiplicative
  layer effect model (Xie), and several association models: Goodman's
  row-column association models of the RC(M) and RC(M)-L families
  with one or several dimensions; two skew-symmetric association
  models proposed by Yamaguchi and by van der Heijden & Mooijaart.
  Functions allow computing the intrinsic association coefficient
  (and therefore the Altham index), including via the Bayes shrinkage
  estimator proposed by Zhou; and the RAS/IPF/Deming-Stephan algorithm.
Uses approximations to compute the natural logarithm of the Gamma
    function for large values.
LogrankA provides a logrank test across unlimited groups with the
 possibility to input aggregated survival data.
Contains routines for logspline density estimation.
	The function oldlogspline() uses the same algorithm as the logspline package
	version 1.0.x; i.e. the Kooperberg and Stone (1992) <DOI:10.2307/1390786>
	algorithm (with an improved interface).  The recommended routine logspline()
	uses an algorithm from Stone et al (1997)  <DOI:10.1214/aos/1031594728>.
Kernel regression smoothing with adaptive local or global plug-in
	     bandwidth selection.
Supervised learning techniques designed for the situation when the dimensionality exceeds the sample size have a tendency to overfit as the dimensionality of the data increases. To remedy this High dimensionality; low sample size (HDLSS) situation, we attempt to learn a lower-dimensional representation of the data before learning a classifier. That is, we project the data to a situation where the dimensionality is more manageable, and then are able to better apply standard classification or clustering techniques since we will have fewer dimensions to overfit. A number of previous works have focused on how to strategically reduce dimensionality in the unsupervised case, yet in the supervised HDLSS regime, few works have attempted to devise dimensionality reduction techniques that leverage the labels associated with the data. In this package and the associated manuscript Vogelstein et al. (2017) <arXiv:1709.01233>, we provide several methods for feature extraction, some utilizing labels and some not, along with easily extensible utilities to simplify cross-validative efforts to identify the best feature extraction method. Additionally, we include a series of adaptable benchmark simulations to serve as a standard for future investigative efforts into supervised HDLSS. Finally, we produce a comprehensive comparison of the included algorithms across a range of benchmark simulations and real data applications.
Computes the Lomb-Scargle Periodogram for unevenly sampled time series. Includes a randomization procedure to obtain reliable p-values.
Methods for plotting categorical longitudinal and time-series data by mapping individuals to the vertical space (each horizontal line represents a participant), time (or repeated measures) to the horizontal space, categorical (or discrete) states as facets using color or shade, and events to points using plotting characters. Sorting individuals in the vertical space and (or) stratifying them by groups can reveal patterns in the changes over time.
Clustering or classification of longitudinal data based on a mixture of multivariate t or Gaussian distributions with a Cholesky-decomposed covariance structure.
Contains general data structures and
  functions for longitudinal data with multiple variables, 
  repeated measurements, and irregularly spaced time points.
  Also implements a shrinkage estimator of dynamical correlation
  and dynamical covariance.
Tools for longitudinal data and joint longitudinal data (used by packages kml and kml3d).
Datasets and Functionality from the textbook Jan Beran
        (1994). Statistics for Long-Memory Processes; Chapman & Hall.
The longpower package contains functions for computing
    power and sample size for linear models of longitudinal data
    based on the formula due to Liu and Liang (1997) and Diggle et
    al (2002). Either formula is expressed in terms of marginal
    model or Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) parameters.
    This package contains functions which translate pilot mixed
    effect model parameters (e.g. random intercept and/or slope)
    into marginal model parameters so that the formulas of Diggle
    et al or Liu and Liang formula can be applied to produce sample
    size calculations for two sample longitudinal designs assuming
    known variance.
Time-dependent Receiver Operating Characteristic curves, Area Under the Curve, and Net Reclassification Indexes for repeated measures. It is based on methods in Barbati and Farcomeni (2017) <doi:10.1007/s10260-017-0410-2>.
Performs recursive partitioning of linear and nonlinear mixed effects models,
    specifically for longitudinal data. The package is an
    extension of the original 'longRPart' package by 
    Stewart and Abdolell (2013) <https://cran.r-project.org/package=longRPart>.
Tools expand vectors of short URLs into long URLs. No API services are used,
    which may mean that this operates more slowly than API services do (since they usually
    cache results of expansions every user of the service performs).
Efficient approximate leave-one-out cross-validation (LOO)
    for Bayesian models fit using Markov chain Monte Carlo. The approximation
    uses Pareto smoothed importance sampling (PSIS), a new procedure for
    regularizing importance weights. As a byproduct of the calculations, we also
    obtain approximate standard errors for estimated predictive errors and for
    the comparison of predictive errors between models. The package also 
    provides methods for using stacking and other model weighting techniques 
    to average Bayesian predictive distributions.
Fits look-up tables by filling entries with the mean or median values of observations
            fall in partitions of the feature space. Partitions can be determined by user of the
            package using input argument feature.boundaries, and dimensions of the feature space
            can be any combination of continuous and categorical features provided by the data set.
            A Predict function directly fetches corresponding entry value, and a default value is
            defined as the mean or median of all available observations.
            The table and other components are represented using the S4 class lookupTable.
An extendable toolkit for interactive data visualization and exploration.
The program can perform loop analysis and plot network
        structure (especially for food webs),including minimum spanning
        tree, loop decomposition of weighted directed graphs, and other
        network properties which may be related to food chain
        properties in ecology.
Loop analysis makes qualitative predictions of variable change in a system of causally interdependent variables, where "qualitative" means sign only (i.e. increases, decreases, non change, and ambiguous). This implementation includes output support for graphs in .dot file format for use with visualization software such as 'graphviz' (<http://graphviz.org>). 'LoopAnalyst' provides tools for the construction and output of community matrices, computation and output of community effect matrices, tables of correlations, adjoint, absolute feedback, weighted feedback and weighted prediction matrices, change in life expectancy matrices, and feedback, path and loop enumeration tools.
Remedies a common problem in piping: not having access to
    intermediate outputs of the pipe. Within a "loop", a piping intermediate
    is  stored in a stack archive, data is processed, and then both the
    stored intermediate and the current output are reintegrated using an
    "ending" function. Two special ending functions are provided: amend and
    insert. However, any ending function can be specified, including merge
    functions, join functions, setNames(), etc. This framework allows the
    following work-flow: focus on a particular aspect or section of a
    data set, conduct specific operations, and then reintegrate changes into
    the whole.
Analysis of Differential Item Functioning (DIF) for
        dichotomous and polytomous items using an iterative hybrid of
        ordinal logistic regression and item response theory (IRT).
Estimate covariance matrices that contain low rank and sparse components
Estimation and visualization of low-rank interaction contingency tables. Low-rank interaction is a two-fold extension of the log-bilinear model. First, instead of a fixed rank constraint, the log-likelihood is penalized by the nuclear norm of the interaction matrix. Second, available row and column covariates can be incorporated in the model. The main function can be applied to contingency tables with missing values. G. Robin, J. Josse, E. Moulines, S. Sardy (2017) <arXiv:1703.02296>.
Functions for simulating missing morphometric
	data randomly, with taxonomic bias and with anatomical bias. LOST also 
	includes functions for estimating linear and geometric morphometric data.
Running Lotka's Law following Pao (1985)(DOI: 10.1016/0306-4573(85)90055-X). The Law is based around the proof that the number of authors making n contributions is about 1/n^{a} of those making one contribution.
Performs the trimmed k-means clustering algorithm with lower memory use. It also provides a number of utility functions such as BIC calculations.
Solves quadratic programming problems where the Hessian is represented as the product of two matrices.
Implementation of Low Walsh Figure of Merit (WAFOM) sequence
        based on Niederreiter-Xing sequence <DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-56046-0_30>.
Implementation of Low Walsh Figure of Merit (WAFOM) sequence
        based on Sobol sequence.
Optimization of bipartite modularity using LP-BRIM (Label propagation
  followed by Bipartite Recursively Induced Modularity).
Implements the LPC method of Witten&Tibshirani(Annals of Applied Statistics 2008) for identification of significant genes in a microarray experiment.
Fitting multivariate data patterns with local principal curves; including simple tools for data compression (projection), bandwidth selection, and measuring goodness-of-fit.
Without imposing stringent distributional assumptions or shape restrictions, nonparametric density estimation has been popular in economics and other social sciences for counterfactual analysis, program evaluation, and policy recommendations. This package implements a novel density estimator based on local polynomial regression, documented in Cattaneo, Jansson and Ma (2017a): lpdensity() to construct local polynomial based density (and derivatives) estimator; lpbwdensity() to perform data-driven bandwidth selection; and lpdensity.plot() for density plot with robust confidence interval.
A nonparametric method to approximate Laplacian graph spectra of a network with 
    ordered vertices. This provides a computationally efficient algorithm for obtaining an 
	accurate and smooth estimate of the graph Laplacian basis. The approximation results can 
	then be used for tasks like change point detection, k-sample testing, and so on. The 
	primary reference is Mukhopadhyay, S. and Wang, K. (2018, Technical Report).
Estimates the intensity function, or its derivative of a given order, of a multiplicative counting process using the local polynomial method
LP nonparametric high-dimensional K-sample comparison method that includes (i) confirmatory test; (ii) exploratory results and (iii) options to output a data-driven LP-transformed matrix for classification. The primary reference is Mukhopadhyay, S. and Wang, K. (2017, Technical Report).
Provides 'dplyr' verbs for lists and other useful 
    verbs for manipulation of data frames. In particular, it includes a 
    mutate_which() function that mutates columns for a specific subset of 
    rows defined by a condition, and fuse() which is a more flexible version 
    of 'tidyr' unite() function.
Apply Univariate Long Memory Models,
    Apply Multivariate Short Memory Models To Hydrological Dataset,
    Estimate Intensity Duration Frequency curve to rainfall series.
Provide nonparametric methods for mean regression model, modal regression and conditional density estimation in the presence/absence of measurement error. Bandwidth selection is also provided for each method.
LPmerge creates a consensus genetic map by merging linkage maps from different populations.  The software uses linear programming (LP) to efficiently minimize the mean absolute error between the consensus map and the linkage maps.  This minimization is performed subject to linear inequality constraints that ensure the ordering of the markers in the linkage maps is preserved.  When marker order is inconsistent between linkage maps, a minimum set of ordinal constraints is deleted to resolve the conflicts.
lpmodeler is a set of user-friendly functions to simplify the modelling of linear programs (LP) and mixed integer programs (MIP). It provides a unified interface compatible with optimization packages: Rsymphony.
Computes power, or sample size or the detectable difference for a repeated measures model with attrition. It requires the variance covariance matrix of the observations but can compute this matrix for several common random effects models. See Diggle, P, Liang, KY and Zeger, SL (1994, ISBN:9780198522843).
Contains a function called "LPR" to estimate coefficients using Lasso and Partial Ridge method and to calculate confidence intervals through bootstrap.
Local Polynomial Regression with Ridging.
An implementation of the Linear Predictor Score approach, as initiated by Radmacher et al. (J Comput Biol 2001) and enhanced by Wright et al. (PNAS 2003) for gene expression signatures. Several tools for unsupervised clustering of gene expression data are also provided.
Lp_solve is freely available (under LGPL 2) software for
        solving linear, integer and mixed integer programs. In this
        implementation we supply a "wrapper" function in C and some R
        functions that solve general linear/integer problems,
        assignment problems, and transportation problems. This version
        calls lp_solve version 5.5.
The lpSolveAPI package provides an R interface to 'lp_solve',
    a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) solver with support for pure
    linear, (mixed) integer/binary, semi-continuous and special ordered sets
    (SOS) models.
Learned Pattern Similarity (LPS) for time series. 
			Implements a novel approach to model the dependency structure 
			in time series that generalizes the concept of autoregression to local 
			auto-patterns. Generates a pattern-based representation of time series
			along with a similarity measure called Learned Pattern Similarity (LPS).
			Introduces a generalized autoregressive kernel.This package is based on the 
			'randomForest' package by Andy Liaw.
Specially designed rank transform based Legendre Polynomial-like (LP) orthonormal transformations are implemented for non-linear signal processing.
Computes a time series distance measure for clustering based on weighted correlation and introduction of lags. The lags capture delayed responses in a time series dataset. The timepoints must be specified. T. Chandereng, A. Gitter (2018) <doi:10.1101/292615>.
This package provides some basic infrastructure and tools
        to fit Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) via penalized
        likelihood inference. Estimating procedures already implemented
        are the LQA algorithm (that is where its name come from),
        P-IRLS, RidgeBoost, GBlockBoost and ForwardBoost.
Functions to fit quantile regression models for hierarchical
    data (2-level nested designs) as described in Geraci and
    Bottai (2014, Statistics and Computing) <doi:10.1007/s11222-013-9381-9>.
    A vignette is given in Geraci (2014, Journal of Statistical Software)
    <doi:10.18637/jss.v057.i13> and included in the package documents.
    The packages also provides functions to fit quantile models for
    independent	data and for count responses.
It fits a robust linear quantile regression model using a new
    family of zero-quantile distributions for the error term as in Galarza et.al.(2017) <doi:10.1002/sta4.140>. This family of
    distribution includes skewed versions of the Normal, Student's t, Laplace, Slash
    and Contaminated Normal distribution. It also performs logistic quantile regression for bounded responses
    as shown in Bottai et.al.(2009) <doi:10.1002/sim.3781>. It provides estimates and full inference.
    It also provides envelopes plots for assessing the fit and confidences bands
    when several quantiles are provided simultaneously.
Provides functions for calculating test statistics, simulating quantiles 
	and simulating p-values of likelihood ratio contrast tests in regression models 
	with a lack of identifiability.
In the fashion of 'node.js' <https://nodejs.org/>, requires a file,
  sourcing into the current environment only the variables explicitly specified
  in the module.exports or exports list variable. If the file was already sourced,
  the result of the earlier sourcing is returned to the caller.
Implements a Gibbs sampler to do linear regression with multiple covariates, multiple responses, Gaussian measurement errors on covariates and responses, Gaussian intrinsic scatter, and a covariate prior distribution which is given by either a Gaussian mixture of specified size or a Dirichlet process with a Gaussian base distribution.
When multicollinearity exists among predictor variables of the linear model, least square estimators does not provide a better solution for estimating parameters. To deal with multicollinearity several estimators are proposed in the literature. Some of these estimators are Ordinary Least Square Estimator (OLSE), Ordinary Generalized Ordinary Least Square Estimator (OGOLSE), Ordinary Ridge Regression Estimator (ORRE), Ordinary Generalized Ridge Regression Estimator (OGRRE), Restricted Least Square Estimator (RLSE), Ordinary Generalized Restricted Least Square Estimator (OGRLSE), Ordinary Mixed Regression Estimator (OMRE), Ordinary Generalized Mixed Regression Estimator (OGMRE), Liu Estimator (LE), Ordinary Generalized Liu Estimator (OGLE), Restricted Liu Estimator (RLE), Ordinary Generalized Restricted Liu Estimator (OGRLE), Stochastic Restricted Liu Estimator (SRLE), Ordinary Generalized Stochastic Restricted Liu Estimator (OGSRLE), Type (1),(2),(3) Liu Estimator (Type-1,2,3 LTE), Ordinary Generalized Type (1),(2),(3) Liu Estimator (Type-1,2,3 OGLTE), Type (1),(2),(3) Adjusted Liu Estimator (Type-1,2,3 ALTE), Ordinary Generalized Type (1),(2),(3) Adjusted Liu Estimator (Type-1,2,3 OGALTE), Almost Unbiased Ridge Estimator (AURE), Ordinary Generalized Almost Unbiased Ridge Estimator (OGAURE), Almost Unbiased Liu Estimator (AULE), Ordinary Generalized Almost Unbiased Liu Estimator (OGAULE), Stochastic Restricted Ridge Estimator (SRRE), Ordinary Generalized Stochastic Restricted Ridge Estimator (OGSRRE), Restricted Ridge Regression Estimator (RRRE) and Ordinary Generalized Restricted Ridge Regression Estimator (OGRRRE). To select the best estimator in a practical situation the Mean Square Error (MSE) is used. Using this package scalar MSE value of all the above estimators and Prediction Sum of Square (PRESS) values of some of the estimators can be obtained, and the variation of the MSE and PRESS values for the relevant estimators can be shown graphically.
R code of a likelihood ratio test for genome-wide association under genetic
    heterogeneity.
Estimates two-dimensional local wavelet spectra.
Wavelet-based methods for testing stationarity and quadtree segmenting of images.
The basic idea of latent semantic analysis (LSA) is, 
  that text do have a higher order (=latent semantic) structure which, 
  however, is obscured by word usage (e.g. through the use of synonyms 
  or polysemy). By using conceptual indices that are derived statistically 
  via a truncated singular value decomposition (a two-mode factor analysis) 
  over a given document-term matrix, this variability problem can be overcome.
Provides functions that allow for convenient working
    with latent semantic analysis (LSA). For actually building an LSA space, use the
    package 'lsa' or other specialized software. A description of the LSA algorithm 
	can be found in Landauer and Dumais (1997) <doi:10.1037/0033-295X.104.2.211> .
Dieses R-Paket stellt Zusatzmaterial in Form von Daten, Funktionen
             und R-Hilfe-Seiten für den Herausgeberband Breit, S. und Schreiner, 
             C. (Hrsg.). (2016). "Large-Scale Assessment mit R: Methodische Grundlagen 
             der österreichischen Bildungsstandardüberprüfung." Wien: facultas. 
             (ISBN: 978-3-7089-1343-8, <https://www.bifie.at/node/3770>) zur 
             Verfügung.
Provides functions to simulate data from large-scale educational 
  assessments, including background questionnaire data and cognitive item 
  responses that adhere to a multiple-matrix sampled design.
Functions for performing least-squares bilinear clustering of
    three-way data. The method uses the bilinear decomposition (or bi-additive
    model) to model two-way matrix slices while clustering over the third way.
    Up to four different types of clusters are included, one for each term of the
    bilinear decomposition. In this way, matrices are clustered simultaneously on
    (a subset of) their overall means, row margins, column margins and row-column
    interactions. The orthogonality of the bilinear model results in separability of
    the joint clustering problem into four separate ones. Three of these sub-problems
    are specific k-means problems, while a special algorithm is implemented for the
    interactions. Plotting methods are provided, including biplots for the low-rank
    approximations of the interactions.
Estimators and visualization for local statistical complexity of
    (N+1)D fields. In particular for 0, 1 and 2 dimensional space this package
    provides useful visualization.
Create lots of colorful plots in a plethora of variations. Try the LSD demotour().
Interfaces R with LSD. Reads object-oriented data in results files (.res) produced by LSD and creates appropriate multi-dimensional arrays in R. Supports multiple core parallelization of multi-file data reading for increased performance. Also provides functions to extract basic information and statistics from data files. LSD (Laboratory for Simulation Development) is free software developed by Marco Valente (documentation and downloads available at <http://labsimdev.org>).
Tools for sensitivity analysis of LSD simulation models. Reads object-oriented data produced by LSD simulation models and performs screening and global sensitivity analysis (Sobol decomposition method, Saltelli et al. (2008) ISBN:9780470725177). A Kriging or polynomial meta-model (Kleijnen (2009) <doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2007.10.013>) is estimated using the simulation data to provide the data required by the Sobol decomposition. LSD (Laboratory for Simulation Development) is free software developed by Marco Valente (documentation and downloads available at <http://labsimdev.org>).
Fit a least square dummy variable regression
It contains functions that solve least squares linear
	     regression problems under linear equality/inequality
	     constraints. Functions for solving quadratic programming
	     problems are also available, which transform such problems
	     into least squares ones first. It is developed based on the
	     'Fortran' program of Lawson and Hanson (1974, 1995), which is
	     public domain and available at
	     <http://www.netlib.org/lawson-hanson>.
Calculates the (localised) length of the shorth and
        supplies corresponding diagnostic plots.
Fits structural equation modeling via penalized likelihood.
Fits semi-confirmatory structural equation modeling (SEM) via penalized likelihood (PL) with lasso or minimax concave penalty (MCP).
When the values of the outcome variable Y are either 0 or 1, the function lsm() calculates the estimation of the log likelihood in the saturated model. This model is characterized by Llinas (2006, ISSN:2389-8976) in section 2.3 through the assumptions 1 and 2. The function LogLik() works (almost perfectly) when the number of independent variables K is high, but for small K it calculates wrong values in some cases. For this reason, when Y is dichotomous and the data are grouped in J populations, it is recommended to use the function lsm() because it works very well for all K.
Obtain least-squares means for many linear, generalized linear, 
    and mixed models. Compute contrasts or linear functions of 
    least-squares means, and comparisons of slopes. 
    Plots and compact letter displays. Least-squares means were proposed in
    Harvey, W (1960) "Least-squares analysis of data with unequal subclass numbers",
    Tech Report ARS-20-8, USDA National Agricultural Library, and discussed
    further in Searle, Speed, and Milliken (1980) "Population marginal means 
    in the linear model: An alternative to least squares means", 
    The American Statistician 34(4), 216-221 <doi:10.1080/00031305.1980.10483031>.
    NOTE: Users are encouraged to switch to the 'emmeans' package,
    as 'lsmeans' will be archived in the not-too-distant future.
The package compiles functions for calculating prices of American put options with Least Squares Monte Carlo method. The option types are plain vanilla American put, Asian American put, and Quanto American put. The pricing algorithms include variance reduction techniques such as Antithetic Variates and Control Variates. Additional functions are given to derive "price surfaces" at different volatilities and strikes, create 3-D plots, quickly generate Geometric Brownian motion, and calculate prices of European options with Black & Scholes analytical solution.
Tools for statistical analysis using partitioning-based least squares regression as described in Cattaneo, Farrell and Feng (2018) <arXiv:1804.04916>. lsprobust() for nonparametric point estimation of regression functions and derivatives thereof, and for robust bias-corrected (pointwise and uniform) inference procedures. lspkselect() for data-driven procedure for selecting the IMSE-optimal number of knots. lsprobust.plot() for regression plots with robust confidence intervals and confidence bands. lsplincom() for estimation and inference for linear combinations of regression functions from different groups.
Creates plots of peptides from shotgun proteomics analysis of secretome and lysate samples. These plots contain associated protein features and scores for potential secretion and truncation.
Linear splines with convenient parametrisations such that 
  (1) coefficients are slopes of consecutive segments or (2) coefficients are 
  slope changes at consecutive knots. Knots can be set manually or at break points
  of equal-frequency or equal-width intervals covering the range of 'x'.
  The implementation follows Greene (2003), chapter 7.2.5.
Implements the LS-PLS (least squares - partial least
        squares) method described in for instance Jørgensen, K.,
        Segtnan, V. H., Thyholt, K., Næs, T. (2004) A Comparison of
        Methods for Analysing Regression Models with Both Spectral and
        Designed Variables.  Journal of Chemometrics, 18(10), 451--464.
Fit logistic regression models using LS-PLS approaches 
	to analyse both clinical and genomic data. (C. Bazzoli and 
	S. Lambert-Lacroix. (2017) Classification using LS-PLS with 
	logistic regression based on both clinical and gene expression
	variables <https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01405101>).
A collection of tools intended to make introductory statistics easier to teach, including wrappers for common hypothesis tests and basic data manipulation. It accompanies Navarro, D. J. (2015). Learning Statistics with R: A Tutorial for Psychology Students and Other Beginners, Version 0.5. [Lecture notes] School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. ISBN: 978-1-326-18972-3. URL: http://health.adelaide.edu.au/psychology/ccs/teaching/lsr/.
Rapid satellite data streams in operational applications
    have clear benefits for monitoring land cover, 
    especially when information can be delivered as fast as changing
    surface conditions. Over the past decade,
    remote sensing has become a key tool for monitoring and predicting
    environmental variables by using satellite data. 
    This package presents the main applications in remote sensing for 
    land surface monitoring and land cover mapping (soil, vegetation, water...).
     Tomlinson, C.J., Chapman, L., Thornes, E., Baker, C (2011) <doi:10.1002/met.287>.
Due to lack of proper inference procedure and software,
        the ordinary linear regression model is seldom used in practice
        for the analysis of right censored data. This paper presents an
        S-Plus/R program that implements a recently developed inference
        procedure (Jin, Lin and Ying, 2006)\cite{Jin} for the
        accelerated failure time model based on the least-squares
        principle.
Has a set of functions that allows stationary analysis and locally stationary time series analysis.
Functions for simulating realizations from the posterior distribution of
	a latent trait of an item response model. Distributions are conditional on one or
	a subset of response patterns (e.g., sum scores). Functions for computing likelihoods,
	Fisher and observed information, posterior modes, and profile likelihood confidence
	intervals are also included. These functions are designed to be easily amenable to 
	user-specified models.
Analysis of multivariate dichotomous and polytomous data using latent trait models under the Item Response Theory approach. It includes the Rasch, the Two-Parameter Logistic, the Birnbaum's Three-Parameter, the Graded Response, and the Generalized Partial Credit Models.
Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (TMLE) of
    treatment/censoring specific mean outcome or marginal structural model for
    point-treatment and longitudinal data.
Calculation of rectifying LTPD and AOQL plans for sampling inspection by variables which minimize mean inspection cost per lot of process average quality.
A set of functions to execute the linear-transformation of
        replicate (LTR) algorithm for preprocessing of microarray data
Recursive partition algorithms designed for fitting survival tree with left-truncated and right censored (LTRC) data, as well as interval-censored data.
    The LTRC trees can also be used to fit survival tree with time-varying covariates.
Methods of developing linear time series modelling.
 Methods are given for loglikelihood computation, forecasting
  and simulation.
This is a new tool to estimate Ridge and Liu estimators based on LTS method in multiple linear regression analysis.
Implements local spatial and local spatiotemporal Kriging based on local spatial and local spatiotemporal variograms, respectively.
Sparklines are small plots (about one line of text high),
  made popular by Edward Tufte.  This package is the interface from R
  to the LaTeX package sparklines by Andreas Loeffer and Dan Luecking
  (<http://www.ctan.org/pkg/sparklines>).  It can work with Sweave or
  knitr or other engines that produce TeX.  The package can be used to
  plot vectors, matrices, data frames, time series (in ts or zoo format).
Functions to work with date-times and time-spans: fast and user
    friendly parsing of date-time data, extraction and updating of components of
    a date-time (years, months, days, hours, minutes, and seconds), algebraic
    manipulation on date-time and time-span objects. The 'lubridate' package has
    a consistent and memorable syntax that makes working with dates easy and
    fun.
    Parts of the 'CCTZ' source code, released under the Apache 2.0 License,
    are included in this package. See <https://github.com/google/cctz> for more
    details.
Likelihood inference in case-control studies of a rare
        disease under independence or simple dependence of genetic and
        non-genetic covariates
Print vectors (and data frames) of floating point numbers
    using a non-scientific format optimized for human readers.  Vectors
    of numbers are rounded using significant digits, aligned at the
    decimal point, and all zeros trailing the decimal point are dropped.
Reformat currency-based data as numeric values (or numeric values
    as currency-based data) and convert between currencies.
Probabilistic record linkage without direct identifiers using only diagnosis codes.
Contains LUE_BIOMASS(),LUE_BIOMASS_VPD(), LUE_YIELD() and LUE_YIELD_VPD() to estimate aboveground biomass and crop yield firstly by calculating the Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (APAR) and secondly the actual values of light use efficiency with and without vapour presure deficit Shi et al.(2007) <doi:10.2134/agronj2006.0260>.
Classes and methods for spatially explicit land use change
    modelling in R.
A function composition ('pipe') operator and extensible 
    framework that allows for easy logging of changes in data.
A collection of various R functions for the purpose of Luminescence
    dating data analysis. This includes, amongst others, data import, export,
    application of age models, curve deconvolution, sequence analysis and
    plotting of equivalent dose distributions.
A series of functions to estimate the detection windows of a luminescence reader based on the filters and the photomultiplier (PMT) selected. These functions also allow to simulate a luminescence experiment based on the thermoluminesce (TL) or the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) properties of a material.
Provides functions to calculate lunar and other environmental
    covariates.
Look up time zones. Input latitude and longitude values or an 'sf/sfc' POINT object and get back the timezone
    in which they exist. This package uses the 'V8' package to access the 'tz-lookup.js' 'Javascript' library
    (<https://github.com/darkskyapp/tz-lookup/>).
Provides flexible but lightweight logging facilities for R scripts.
    Supports priority levels for logs and messages, flagging messages, capturing
    script output, switching logs, and logging to files or connections.
Core functionality for working with vectors (numeric, integer,
    logical and character) that are too large to keep in memory. The vectors are
    kept (partially) on disk using memory mapping. This package contains the
    basic functionality for working with these memory mapped vectors (e.g.
    creating, indexing, ordering and sorting) and provides C++ headers which can
    be used by other packages to extend the functionality provided in this
    package.
Latent variable models for network data using fast inferential
    procedures.
A model for mixed ordinal and continuous responses is
        presented where the heteroscedasticity of the variance of the
        continuous response is also modeled. In this model ordinal
        response can be dependent on the continuous response. The aim
        is to use an approach similar to that of Heckman (1978) for the
        joint modelling of the ordinal and continuous responses. With
        this model, the dependence between responses can be taken into
        account by the correlation between errors in the models for
        continuous and ordinal responses
Estimate, fit and compare Structural Equation Models (SEM) and network models (Gaussian Graphical Models; GGM) using OpenMx. Allows for two possible generalizations to include GGMs in SEM: GGMs can be used between latent variables (latent network modeling; LNM) or between residuals (residual network modeling; RNM). For details, see Epskamp, Rhemtulla and Borsboom (2017) <doi:10.1007/s11336-017-9557-x>.
Implements the letter value 'boxplot' which extends the standard
    'boxplot' to deal with both larger and smaller number of data points
    by dynamically selecting the appropriate number of letter values to display.
The manual approach of Litchfield and Wilcoxon (1949)
    <http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/96/2/99.abstract>
    for evaluating dose-effect experiments
    is automated so that the computer can do the work.
Access to selected functions found in 'liblwgeom' <https://github.com/postgis/postgis/tree/svn-trunk/liblwgeom>, the light-weight geometry library used by 'PostGIS' <http://postgis.net/>.
Functions to quickly read LXB parameter data.
We provide a clonality score estimator that takes full advantage of the multi-biological-replicate structure of modern sequencing experiments; it specifically takes into account the reality that, typically, the clonal coverage is well below 0.1%.
An implementation of algorithms described in Jewell and Witten (2017) <arXiv:1703.08644>.
Prediction of behaviour from movement 
	characteristics using observation and random forest for the analyses of movement
	data in ecology.
	From movement information (speed, bearing...) the model predicts the
	observed behaviour (movement, foraging...) using random forest. The
	model can then extrapolate behavioural information to movement data
	without direct observation of behaviours.
	The specificity of this method relies on the derivation of multiple predictor variables from the
	movement data over a range of temporal windows. This procedure allows to capture
	as much information as possible on the changes and variations of movement and
	ensures the use of the random forest algorithm to its best capacity. The method
	is very generic, applicable to any set of data providing movement data together with
	observation of behaviour.
Persistent interface to Macaulay2 (<http://www.math.uiuc.edu/Macaulay2/>)
	and front-end tools facilitating its use in the R ecosystem.
This package contains functions to read in and manipulate
        air quality model output from Models3-formatted files.  This
        format is used by the Community Multiscale Air Quaility (CMAQ)
        model.
Performs binary and multiclass boosting in maximum-margin, sparse, smooth and normal settings
 as described in "A Boosting Framework on Grounds of Online Learning" by T. Naghibi and B. Pfister, (2014). 
 For further information regarding the algorithms, please refer to http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.7202
This is an integrated meta-analysis package for conducting
        a correlational research synthesis. One of the unique features
        of this package is in its integration of user-friendly
        functions to facilitate statistical analyses at each stage in a
        meta-analysis with correlations. It uses recommended procedures
        as described in The Handbook of Research Synthesis and
        Meta-Analysis (Cooper, Hedges, & Valentine, 2009).
Performs causal mediation analysis under confounding or correlated errors. This package includes a single level mediation model, a two-level mediation model, and a three-level mediation model for data with hierarchical structures. Under the two/three-level mediation model, the correlation parameter is identifiable and is estimated based on a hierarchical-likelihood, a marginal-likelihood or a two-stage method. See Zhao, Y., & Luo, X. (2014), Estimating Mediation Effects under Correlated Errors with an Application to fMRI, <arXiv:1410.7217> for details.
Connects to <https://machi.na/> and allows the creation
    of time series, and running backtests on selected strategy if requested.
Performs Quality Analysis on Machina algebraic indicators 'sma' (simple moving average), 'wavg' (weighted average),'xavg' (exponential moving average), 'hma' (Hull moving average), 'adma' (adaptive moving average), 'tsi' (true strength index), 'rsi' (relative strength index), 'gauss' (Gaussian elimination), 'momo' (momentum), 't3' (triple exponential moving average), 'macd' (moving average convergence divergence). Machina is a strategy creation and backtesting engine for quants and financial professionals (see <https://machi.na/> for more information).
Download data from the Ada and Archibald MacLeish Field 
    Station in Whately, MA. The Ada 
    and Archibald MacLeish Field Station is a 260-acre patchwork of 
    forest and farmland located in West Whately, MA that provides opportunities 
    for faculty and students to pursue environmental research, outdoor 
    education, and low-impact recreation 
    (see <http://www.smith.edu/ceeds/macleish.php> for more information). 
    This package contains 
    weather data over several years, and spatial data on various man-made and 
    natural structures.
'Maclinical' implements class prediction using both
        microarray data and clinical parameters. It addresses the
        question of the additional predictive value of microarray data.
        Class prediction is performed using a two-step method combining
        (pre-validated) PLS dimension reduction and random forests.
A collection of functions for conducting a meta-analysis with mean differences data.  It uses recommended procedures as	described in The 	Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis	(Cooper, Hedges, & Valentine, 2009).
Provides functions for diagnostic meta-analysis. Next to basic analysis and visualization the bivariate Model of Reitsma et al. (2005) that is equivalent to the HSROC of Rutter & Gatsonis (2001) can be fitted. A new approach based to diagnostic meta-analysis of Holling et al. (2012) is also available. Standard methods like summary, plot and so on are provided.
Contains the Maddison Project database, which provides estimates of
    GDP per capita for all countries in the world between AD 1 and 2010. See
    http://www.ggdc.net/maddison for more information.
Package provides pipe-style interface for 'data.table'. It preserves all
    'data.table' features without significant impact on performance. 'let'
    and 'take' functions are simplified interfaces for most common data manipulation
    tasks. For example, you can write 'mtcars %>% take(mean(mpg), by = am)' for 
    aggregation or 'mtcars %>% let(hp_wt = hp/wt, hp_wt_mpg = hp_wt/mpg)' for modification.
    Use 'take_if/let_if' for conditional aggregation/modification. 'query_if' function
    translates its arguments one-to-one to '[.data.table' method. Additionally there are
    some conveniences such as automatic 'data.frame' conversion to 'data.table'.
An object that supports automatic differentiation
    of matrix- and multidimensional-valued functions with 
    respect to multidimensional independent variables. 
    Automatic differentiation is via 'forward accumulation'.
Tools for the analysis of population differences using the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genotypes of samples having a variable number of alleles (1-4) recorded for each individual.  A hierarchical Dirichlet-Multinomial model on the genotype counts is used to pool small samples from multiple populations for pairwise tests of equality.  Bayesian inference is implemented via the 'rstan' package.  Bootstrapped and posterior p-values are provided for chi-squared and likelihood ratio tests of equal genotype probabilities.
Estimates average treatment effects using model average double robust (MA-DR) estimation. The MA-DR estimator is defined as weighted average of double robust estimators, where each double robust estimator corresponds to a specific choice of the outcome model and the propensity score model. The MA-DR estimator extend the desirable double robustness property by achieving consistency under the much weaker assumption that either the true propensity score model or the true outcome model be within a specified, possibly large, class of models.
Provides a framework which should improve reproducibility and transparency in data processing. It provides functionality such as automatic meta data creation and management, rudimentary quality management, data caching, work-flow management and data aggregation.
    * The title is a wish not a promise. By no means we expect this package to deliver everything what is needed to achieve full reproducibility and transparency, but we believe that it supports efforts in this direction.
Performs distance sampling analyses on a number of species
    accounting for unidentified sightings, model uncertainty and covariate
    uncertainty.
This function allows to generate two biological conditions synthetic 
             microarray dataset which has similar behavior to those currently 
             observed with common platforms. User provides a subset of parameters.
             Available default parameters settings can be modified.
A bundle of functions for modifying MAESTRA/MAESPA input files,reading output files, and visualizing the stand in 3D. Handy for running sensitivity analyses, scenario analyses, etc.
Fits several forecast models available from the forecast package
    and selects the best one according to an error metric. Its main function
    is select_forecast().
Data class for increased interoperability working with spatial-
    temporal data together with corresponding functions and methods (conversions,
    basic calculations and basic data manipulation). The class distinguishes
    between spatial, temporal and other dimensions to facilitate the development
    and interoperability of tools build for it. Additional features are name-based
    addressing of data and internal consistency checks (e.g. checking for the right
    data order in calculations).
A collection of efficient, vectorized algorithms for the
 creation and investigation of magic squares and hypercubes, including
 a variety of functions for the manipulation and analysis of
 arbitrarily dimensioned arrays.  The package includes methods for
 creating normal magic squares of any order greater than 2.  The
 ultimate intention is for the package to be a computerized embodiment
 all magic square knowledge, including direct numerical verification
 of properties of magic squares (such as recent results on the
 determinant of odd-ordered semimagic squares).  Some antimagic
 functionality is included.  The package also
 serves as a rebuttal to the often-heard comment "I thought R
 was just for statistics".
Functions to make useful (and pretty) plots for scientific plotting. Additional plotting features are added for base plotting, with particular emphasis on making attractive log axis plots.
Magic functions to obtain results from for loops.
Bindings to 'ImageMagick': the most comprehensive open-source image
    processing library available. Supports many common formats (png, jpeg, tiff,
    pdf, etc) and manipulations (rotate, scale, crop, trim, flip, blur, etc).
    All operations are vectorized via the Magick++ STL meaning they operate either
    on a single frame or a series of frames for working with layers, collages,
    or animation. In RStudio images are automatically previewed when printed to
    the console, resulting in an interactive editing environment. The latest 
    version of the package includes a native graphics device for creating 
    in-memory graphics or drawing onto images using pixel coordinates.
Set of utility functions to interact with 'WeMo Switch', a smart 
    plug that can be remotely controlled via wifi. The provided functions make 
    it possible to turn one or more 'WeMo Switch' plugs on and off in a 
    scriptable fashion. More information about 'WeMo Switch' can be found at 
    <http://www.belkin.com/us/p/P-F7C027/>.
Implements an interface to the legacy Fortran code from O'Connell and Dobson (1984) <DOI:10.2307/2531148>. Implements Fortran 77 code for the methods developed by Schouten (1982) <DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9574.1982.tb00774.x>. Includes estimates of average agreement for each observer and average agreement for each subject.
Provides a mechanism for chaining commands with a
    new forward-pipe operator, %>%. This operator will forward a
    value, or the result of an expression, into the next function
    call/expression. There is flexible support for the type
    of right-hand side expressions. For more information, see
    package vignette.
    To quote Rene Magritte, "Ceci n'est pas un pipe."
Provides a Graphical User Interface for Analysing DNA Microarray Data. It performs functional enrichment on genes of interest, identifies gene symbols and also builds co-expression network.
Easy to use package for sending email notifications with status information from R
Interface to Apache Commons Email to send emails
    from R.
Implements methodologies for modelling interval data by Normal
    and Skew-Normal distributions, considering appropriate parameterizations of
    the variance-covariance matrix that takes into account the intrinsic nature of
    interval data, and lead to four different possible configuration structures.
    The Skew-Normal parameters can be estimated by maximum likelihood, while Normal
    parameters may be estimated by maximum likelihood or robust trimmed maximum
    likelihood methods.
Create dummy variables from categorical data.
    This package can convert categorical data (factor and ordered) into
    dummy variables and handle multiple columns simultaneously.
    This package enables to select whether a dummy variable for base group
    is included (for principal component analysis/factor analysis) or
    excluded (for regression analysis) by an option.
A user-friendly interface for the construction of
        'Makefiles'.
A user-friendly tool for visualizing categorical or group movement.
This package creates an empty framework of files and
        directories for the "Load, Clean, Func, Do" structure described
        by Josh Reich.
Find dark genes. These genes are often disregarded due to no detected mutation or differential expression, but are important in coordinating the functionality in cancer networks.
A suite of tools to allow you to download all 
  publicly available parasite rate survey points and raster surfaces from the 'Malaria Atlas 
  Project' <https://map.ox.ac.uk/> servers as well as utility functions for plotting the downloaded data.
A complete analysis pipeline for matrix-assisted laser
        desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) and other
        two-dimensional mass spectrometry data. In addition to commonly
        used plotting and processing methods it includes distinctive
        features, namely baseline subtraction methods such as
        morphological filters (TopHat) or the statistics-sensitive
        non-linear iterative peak-clipping algorithm (SNIP), peak
        alignment using warping functions, handling of replicated
        measurements as well as allowing spectra with different
        resolutions.
Functions for reading (tab, csv, Bruker fid, Ciphergen
        XML, mzXML, mzML, imzML, Analyze 7.5, CDF, mMass MSD) and
        writing (tab, csv, mMass MSD, mzML, imzML) different file
        formats of mass spectrometry data into/from 'MALDIquant'
        objects.
Provides methods for quality control and robust pre-processing and analysis of MALDI mass spectrometry data.
This package allows you to train topic models in mallet and load results directly into R.
Designing multi-arm multi-stage studies with (asymptotically) normal endpoints and known variance.
Calculates the nonparametric adaptive MAMSE
        weights for univariate, right-censored or multivariate data.
        The MAMSE weights can be used in a weighted likelihood or to
        define a mixture of empirical distribution functions. The package
        includes functions for the MAMSE weighted Kaplan-Meier estimate
        and for MAMSE weighted ROC curves.
This will allow easier management of a CRAN-style repository on
    local networks (i.e. not on CRAN). This might be necessary where hosted
    packages contain intellectual property owned by a corporation.
High-dimensional data integration is a critical but difficult problem in genomics research because of potential biases from high-throughput experiments. We present MANCIE, a computational method for integrating two genomic data sets with homogenous dimensions from different sources based on a PCA procedure as an approximation to a Bayesian approach.
Estimates membership for the Mandelbrot set.
Mixture model with overlapping clusters for binary actor-event data. Parameters are estimated in a Bayesian framework. Model and inference are described in Ranciati, Vinciotti, Wit (2017) Modelling actor-event network data via a mixture model under overlapping clusters. Submitted.
Datasets designed to be used in conjunction with Mango Solutions
    training materials and the book SAMS Teach Yourself R in 24 Hours (ISBN: 978-0-672-33848-9).
Methods for performing genetic risk
        prediction from genotype data.  You can use it to perform risk
        prediction for individuals, or for families with missing data.
Create interactive Q-Q, manhattan and volcano plots that are usable from the R console,
    in the 'RStudio' viewer pane, in 'R Markdown' documents, and in 'Shiny' apps.
    Hover the mouse pointer over a point to show details or drag a rectangle to
    zoom. A manhattan plot is a popular graphical method for visualizing results
    from high-dimensional data analysis such as a (epi)genome wide association study
    (GWAS or EWAS), in which p-values, Z-scores, test statistics are plotted on a scatter
    plot against their genomic position. Manhattan plots are used for visualizing
    potential regions of interest in the genome that are associated with a phenotype.
    Interactive manhattan plots allow the inspection of specific value (e.g. rs number or
    gene name) by hovering the mouse over a cell, as well as zooming into a region of the
    genome (e.g. a chromosome) by dragging a rectangle around the relevant area.
    This work is based on the 'qqman' package by Stephen Turner and the 'plotly.js'
    engine. It produces similar manhattan and Q-Q plots as the 'manhattan' and 'qq'
    functions in the 'qqman' package, with the advantage of including extra annotation 
    information and interactive web-based visualizations directly from R. 
    Once uploaded to a 'plotly' account, 'plotly' graphs (and the data behind them) 
    can be viewed and modified in a web browser.
Provides access to coded election programmes from the Manifesto
    Corpus and to the Manifesto Project's Main Dataset and routines to analyse this
    data. The Manifesto Project <https://manifesto-project.wzb.eu> collects and
    analyses election programmes across time and space to measure the political
    preferences of parties. The Manifesto Corpus contains the collected and
    annotated election programmes in the Corpus format of the package 'tm' to enable
    easy use of text processing and text mining functionality. Specific functions
    for scaling of coded political texts are included.
An R interface to version 0.3 of the 'ROPTLIB' optimization library
    (see <http://www.math.fsu.edu/~whuang2> for more information). Optimize real-
    valued functions over manifolds such as Stiefel, Grassmann, and Symmetric
    Positive Definite matrices.
Interactive plotting functions for use within RStudio.
  The manipulate function accepts a plotting expression and a set of
  controls (e.g. slider, picker, checkbox, or button) which are used
  to dynamically change values within the expression. When a value is
  changed using its corresponding control the expression is
  automatically re-executed and the plot is redrawn.
Like package 'manipulate' does for static graphics, this package
    helps to easily add controls like sliders, pickers, checkboxes, etc. that 
    can be used to modify the input data or the parameters of an interactive 
    chart created with package 'htmlwidgets'.
The utility of this package includes finite mixture modeling and model-based clustering through Manly mixture models by Zhu and Melnykov (2016) <DOI:10.1016/j.csda.2016.01.015>. It also provides capabilities for forward and backward model selection procedures.
Implemented are various tests for semi-parametric repeated measures
    and general MANOVA designs that do neither assume multivariate normality nor
    covariance homogeneity, i.e., the procedures are applicable for a wide range
    of general multivariate factorial designs.
Performs the multiple testing procedures of Cox (2011) <doi:10.5170/CERN-2011-006> and Wong and Cox (2007) <doi:10.1080/02664760701240014>.
Allows the user to generate a list of features (gene, pseudo, RNA, 
    CDS, and/or UTR) directly from NCBI database for any species with a current 
    build available. Option to save downloaded and formatted files is available, 
    and the user can prioritize the feature list based on type and assembly builds 
    present in the current build used. The user can then use the list of features 
    generated or provide a list to map a set of markers (designed for SNP markers 
    with a single base pair position available) to the closest feature based on 
    the map build. This function does require map positions of the markers to be 
    provided and the positions should be based on the build being queried through 
    NCBI.
Functions and wrappers for using the Multiple Aggregation Prediction Algorithm (MAPA) for time series forecasting. MAPA models and forecasts time series at multiple temporal aggregation levels, thus strengthening and attenuating the various time series components for better holistic estimation of its structure. For details see Kourentzes et al. (2014) <doi:10.1016/j.ijforecast.2013.09.006>.
Supplement to maps package, providing the larger and/or
	higher-resolution databases.
Suite of interactive functions and helpers for selecting and editing
    geospatial data.
Estimation methods for phase-type
  distribution (PH) and Markovian arrival process (MAP) from
  empirical data (point and grouped data) and density function.
Construct consensus genetic maps with LPmerge, see Endelman and Plomion (2014) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btu091> and 
             model the relationship between physical distance and genetic distance using thin-plate regression splines, 
             see Wood (2003) <doi:10.1111/1467-9868.00374>. Perform quality control on input data and visualise intermediate steps.
Contains functions for mapping odds ratios, hazard ratios, or other effect estimates using individual-level data such as case-control study data, using generalized additive models (GAMs) or Cox models for smoothing with a two-dimensional predictor (e.g., geolocation or exposure to chemical mixtures) while adjusting linearly for confounding variables, using methods described by Kelsall and Diggle (1998), Webster at al. (2006), and Bai et al. (submitted).  Includes convenient functions for mapping point estimates and confidence intervals, efficient control sampling, and permutation tests for the null hypothesis that the two-dimensional predictor is not associated with the outcome variable (adjusting for confounders).
MAPLES is a general method for the estimation of age
        profiles that uses standard micro-level demographic survey
        data. The aim is to estimate smoothed age profiles and relative
        risks for time-fixed and time-varying covariates.
A minimal, light-weight set of tools for producing nice looking maps in R, with support for map projections.
Create simple maps; add sub-plots like pie plots to a map or any other plot; format, plot and export gridded data. The package was developed for displaying fisheries data but most functions can be used for more generic data visualisation.
Converts latitude/longitude into projected coordinates.
Utilities for visualizing species occurrence data. Includes
    functions to visualize occurrence data from 'spocc', 'rgbif',
    and other packages. Mapping options included for base R plots, 'ggplot2',
    'ggmap', 'leaflet' and 'GitHub' 'gists'.
Display of maps.  Projection code and larger maps are in
             separate packages ('mapproj' and 'mapdata').
Interface to the 'Google Maps' APIs: (1) routing directions based on the 'Directions' API, returned as 'sf' objects, either as single feature per alternative route, or a single feature per segment per alternative route; (2) travel distance or time matrices based on the 'Distance Matrix' API; (3) geocoded locations based on the 'Geocode' API, returned as 'sf' objects, either points or bounds.
Automated calculation and visualization of survey data statistics on a color-coded map.
Set of tools for manipulating and reading geographic data, in particular 'ESRI Shapefiles'; C code used from 'shapelib'. It includes binary access to 'GSHHG' shoreline files. The package also provides interface wrappers for exchanging spatial objects with packages such as 'PBSmapping', 'spatstat', 'maps', 'RArcInfo', 'Stata tmap', 'WinBUGS', 'Mondrian', and others.
Posterior maximization for topic models (LDA) in text analysis,
	as described in Taddy (2012) `on estimation and selection for topic models'.  Previous versions of this code were included as part of the textir package.  If you want to take advantage of openmp parallelization, uncomment the relevant flags in src/MAKEVARS before compiling.
Functions with example data for graphing, pruning, and
        mapping models from hierarchical clustering, and classification
        and regression trees.
Quickly and conveniently create interactive visualisations of spatial data with or without background maps. Attributes of displayed features are fully queryable via pop-up windows. Additional functionality includes methods to visualise true- and false-color raster images, bounding boxes, small multiples and 3D raster data cubes.
R functions for multivariate autoregressive analysis
The MAR1 package provides basic tools for preparing
        ecological community time-series data for MAR modeling,
        building MAR-1 models via model selection and bootstrapping,
        and visualizing and exporting model results. It is intended to
        make MAR analysis (sensu Ives et al. (2003) Analysis of
        community stability and ecological interactions from
        time-series data) a more accessible tool for anyone studying
        community dynamics.  The user need not necessarily be familiar
        with time-series modeling or command-based statistics programs
        such as R.
Multiplicative AR(1) with Seasonal is a stochastic
  process model built on top of AR(1). The package provides the
  following procedures for MAR(1)S processes: fit, compose, decompose,
  advanced simulate and predict.
Computation of various Markovian models for categorical data
    including homogeneous Markov chains of any order, MTD models, Hidden Markov
    models, and Double Chain Markov Models.
A set of tools for likelihood-based estimation, model selection and testing of two- and three-range shift and migration models for animal movement data as described in Gurarie et al. (2017) <doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12674>.  Provided movement data (X, Y and Time), including irregularly sampled data, functions estimate the time, duration and location of one or two range shifts, as well as the ranging area and auto-correlation structure of the movment.  Tests assess, for example, whether the shift was "significant", and whether a two-shift migration was a true return migration.
Datasets, constants, conversion factors, and utilities for 'MArine', 'Riverine',
             'Estuarine', 'LAcustrine' and 'Coastal' science. 
             The package contains among others: (1) chemical and
             physical constants and datasets, e.g. atomic weights, gas
             constants, the earths bathymetry; (2) conversion factors
             (e.g. gram to mol to liter, barometric units,
             temperature, salinity); (3) physical functions, e.g. to
             estimate concentrations of conservative substances, gas
             transfer and diffusion coefficients, the Coriolis force
             and gravity; (4) thermophysical properties of the
             seawater, as from the UNESCO polynomial or from the more
             recent derivation based on a Gibbs function.
Local recombination rates are graphically estimated across a genome using Marey maps.
Likelihood inference based on higher order approximations 
  for linear nonnormal regression models.
Fits joint marginal conditional models for multivariate longitudinal data, as in Proudfoot, Faig, Natarajan, and Xu (2018) <doi:10.1002/sim.7552>. Development of this package was supported by the UCSD Altman Translational Research Institute, NIH grant UL1TR001442. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
Provides the ability to perform "Marginal Mediation"--mediation
   wherein the indirect and direct effects are in terms of the average marginal effects 
   (Bartus, 2005, <https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:tsj:stataj:v:5:y:2005:i:3:p:309-329>). 
   The style of the average marginal effects stems from Thomas Leeper's work on the "margins" package.
   This framework allows the use of categorical mediators and outcomes with little change in interpretation
   from the continuous mediators/outcomes. See <doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.18465.92001> for more details 
   on the method (peer reviewed articles forthcoming).
An R port of Stata's 'margins' command, which can be used to
    calculate marginal (or partial) effects from model objects.
Multivariate ARIMA and ARIMA-X estimation using Spliid's 
    algorithm (marima()) and simulation (marima.sim()).
A collection of marine species benchmark data sets and functions
    for species distribution modelling (ecological niche modelling).
Provides R bindings to the 'Sundown' 'Markdown' rendering library
    (https://github.com/vmg/sundown). 'Markdown' is a plain-text formatting
    syntax that can be converted to 'XHTML' or other formats. See
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markdown for more information about 'Markdown'.
Functions for fitting various models to capture-recapture data
    including mixed-effects Cormack-Jolly-Seber(CJS) and multistate models and
    the multi-variate state model structure for survival
    estimation and POPAN structured Jolly-Seber models for abundance estimation.
    There are also Hidden Markov model (HMM) implementations of CJS and multistate
    models with and without state uncertainty and a simulation capability for HMM
    models.
maRketSim is a market simulator for R.  It was initially designed 
	around the bond market, with plans to expand to stocks.  maRketSim is
	built around the idea of portfolios of fundamental objects.  Therefore
	it is slow in its current incarnation, but allows you the flexibility of
	seeing exactly what is in your final results, since the objects are retained.
Automatic marking of R assignments for students and teachers based
    on 'testthat' test suites.
Allows for fitting of maximum likelihood models using Markov chains
    on phylogenetic trees for analysis of discrete character data. Examples of such
    discrete character data include restriction sites, gene family presence/absence,
    intron presence/absence, and gene family size data. Hypothesis-driven user-
    specified substitution rate matrices can be estimated. Allows for biologically
    realistic models combining constrained substitution rate matrices, site rate
    variation, site partitioning, branch-specific rates, allowing for non-stationary
    prior root probabilities, correcting for sampling bias, etc. See Dang and Golding 
    (2016) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv541> for more details.
Functions and S4 methods to create and manage discrete time Markov
    chains more easily. In addition functions to perform statistical (fitting
    and drawing random variates) and probabilistic (analysis of their structural
    proprieties) analysis are provided.
A collection of tools for analyzing significance of 
    Markowitz portfolios.
Functions provided allow data simulation; construction of weighted relative likelihood functions; clustering and principal component analysis based on weighted relative likelihood functions.
Import xyz data from the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, <http://www.noaa.gov>), GEBCO (General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans, <http://www.gebco.net>) and other sources, plot xyz data to prepare publication-ready figures, analyze xyz data to extract transects, get depth / altitude based on geographical coordinates, or calculate z-constrained least-cost paths.
This algorithm provides a numerical solution to the
        problem of minimizing a function. This is more efficient than
        the Gauss-Newton-like algorithm when starting from points very
        far from the final minimum. A new convergence test is
        implemented (RDM) in addition to the usual stopping criterion :
        stopping rule is when the gradients are small enough in the
        parameters metric (GH-1G).
The MARSS package provides maximum-likelihood parameter estimation for constrained and unconstrained linear multivariate autoregressive state-space (MARSS) models fit to multivariate time-series data.  Fitting is primarily via an Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm, although fitting via the BFGS algorithm (using the optim function) is also provided.  MARSS models are a class of dynamic linear model (DLM) and vector autoregressive model (VAR) model.  Functions are provided for parametric and innovations bootstrapping, Kalman filtering and smoothing, bootstrap model selection criteria (AICb), confidences intervals via the Hessian approximation and via bootstrapping and calculation of auxiliary residuals for detecting outliers and shocks.  The user guide shows examples of using MARSS for parameter estimation for a variety of applications, model selection, dynamic factor analysis, outlier and shock detection, and addition of covariates.  Type RShowDoc("UserGuide", package="MARSS") at the R command line to open the MARSS user guide.  Online workshops (lectures and computer labs) at <https://nwfsc-timeseries.github.io/>  See the NEWS file for update information.
Simulate, estimate (by t-MLE), select and forecast mixed causal-noncausal autoregressive models with possibly exogenous regressors, using methods proposed in Lanne and Saikkonen (2011) <doi:10.2202/1941-1928.1080> and Hecq et al. (2016) <doi:10.15609/annaeconstat2009.123-124.0307>.
An S4 implementation of the unbiased extension of the model-
    assisted synthetic-regression estimator proposed by 
    Mandallaz (2013) <DOI:10.1139/cjfr-2012-0381>, 
    Mandallaz et al. (2013) <DOI:10.1139/cjfr-2013-0181> and 
    Mandallaz (2014) <DOI:10.1139/cjfr-2013-0449>. 
    It yields smaller variances than the standard bias correction, 
    the generalised regression estimator.
Three key functionalities are present. It is able to mask confidential data using multiplicative noise. It is able to unmask this data while still preserving confidentiality. It is able to calculate the numerical joint density function of the original data from the unmasked data, as well as obtaining a sample from the marginal density functions of the unmasked data. The final results are a reasonable approximation to the original data for the purposes of analysis (Lin et al. (2018) <http://www.tdp.cat/issues16/abs.a271a17.php>).
Use a consistent syntax to create data structures of common
    statistical techniques that can be continued in a pipe chain.
    Design the analysis, add settings and variables, construct the results, and
    polish the final structure. Rinse and repeat for any number of statistical
    techniques.
Functions and datasets to support Venables and Ripley,
  "Modern Applied Statistics with S" (4th edition, 2002).
Constructing matrices for quick prototyping can be a nuisance, 
    requiring the user to think about how to fill the matrix with values using 
    the matrix() function. The %<-% operator solves that issue by allowing the 
    user to construct matrices using code that shows the actual matrices.
Estimation equations are from a variety of sources but are, in general, based on regressions between skeletal measurements (e.g., femoral circumference) and body mass in living taxa.
The primary aim of MasterBayes is to use MCMC techniques to integrate over uncertainty in pedigree configurations estimated from molecular markers and phenotypic data.  Emphasis is put on the marginal distribution of parameters that relate the phenotypic data to the pedigree. All simulation is done in compiled C++ for efficiency.
Calculates Model-Averaged Tail Area Wald (MATA-Wald) confidence
    intervals, which are constructed using single-model estimators and model
    weights.
Provides a wrapper for the some basic functionality around
    the 'Matchbook' <http://www.matchbook.com> REST API. It features calls to get events, markets and runners
    in data frame format. It features functions for bet placement and position
    management and also allows reporting of settled bet transactions. Note: this
    package uses the back-lay format. The default for odds type, currency and
    language are set according to those of the registered user account.
Provides functions for multivariate and propensity score matching 
             and for finding optimal balance based on a genetic search algorithm. 
             A variety of univariate and multivariate metrics to
             determine if balance has been obtained are also provided.
Returns the subset of the data with the minimum imbalance for 
	     every possible subset size (N - 1, N - 2, ...), down to the data set with the 
	     minimum possible imbalance. Also includes tools for the estimation
	     of causal effects for each subset size, functions for visualization
	     and data export, and functions for calculating
	     model dependence as proposed by Athey and Imbens.
Implements structural estimators to correct for
    the sample selection bias from observed outcomes in matching
    markets. This includes one-sided matching of agents into
    groups as well as two-sided matching of students to schools.
    The package also contains algorithms to find stable matchings
    in the three most common matching problems: the stable roommates
    problem, the college admissions problem, and the house
    allocation problem.
Computes matching algorithms quickly using Rcpp.
    Implements the Gale-Shapley Algorithm to compute the stable
    matching for two-sided markets, such as the stable marriage
    problem and the college-admissions problem. Implements Irving's
    Algorithm for the stable roommate problem. Implements the top
    trading cycle algorithm for the indivisible goods trading problem.
Selects matched samples of the original treated and
    control groups with similar covariate distributions -- can be
    used to match exactly on covariates, to match on propensity
    scores, or perform a variety of other matching procedures.  The
    package also implements a series of recommendations offered in
    Ho, Imai, King, and Stuart (2007) <DOI:10.1093/pan/mpl013>.
Contains various methods for Standard Error estimation for 'MatchIt' objects.
Core functions as well as diagnostic and calibration tools for combining matching and linear regression for causal inference in observational studies.
Performs multilevel matches for data with cluster-level treatments and individual-level outcomes using a network optimization algorithm.  Functions for checking balance at the cluster and individual levels are also provided, as are methods for permutation-inference-based outcome analysis.  Details in Pimentel et al. (2017+), forthcoming in the Annals of Applied Statistics.
Transferring over a code base from Matlab to R is often a repetitive
    and inefficient use of time. This package provides a translator for Matlab /
    Octave code into R code. It does some syntax changes, but most of the heavy
    lifting is in the function changes since the languages are so similar.
    Options for different data structures and the functions that can be changed
    are given. The Matlab code should be mostly in adherence to the standard
    style guide but some effort has been made to accommodate different number of
    spaces and other small syntax issues. This will not make the code more R
    friendly and may not even run afterwards. However, the rudimentary syntax,
    base function and data structure conversion is done quickly so that the
    maintainer can focus on changes to the design structure.
Tools to simulate, manage, visualize, and analyze
    spatially and temporally explicit datasets of mating potential.
    Implements methods to calculate synchrony, proximity, and compatibility.
Simple tools for constructing and manipulating objects of
        class mathgraph from the book "S Poetry", available at
        http://www.burns-stat.com/pages/spoetry.html
Given an image of a formula (typeset or handwritten) this package
    provides calls to the 'Mathpix' service to produce the 'LaTeX' code which should
    generate that image, and pastes it into a (e.g. an 'rmarkdown') document. 
    See <https://docs.mathpix.com/> for full details. 'Mathpix' is an external service 
    and use of the API is subject to their terms and conditions.
Uses a ratio of weighted distributions to estimate association between variables in a data set.
Provides users to call MATLAB from using the "system" command.
    Allows users to submit lines of code or MATLAB m files.
    This is in comparison to 'R.matlab', which creates a MATLAB server.
A collection of matrix functions for teaching and learning matrix
    linear algebra as used in multivariate statistical methods. These functions are
    mainly for tutorial purposes in learning matrix algebra ideas using R. In some
    cases, functions are provided for concepts available elsewhere in R, but where
    the function call or name is not obvious. In other cases, functions are provided
    to show or demonstrate an algorithm. In addition, a collection of functions are
    provided for drawing vector diagrams in 2D and 3D.
Matrix clustering with finite mixture models.
A general framework for computing powers of matrices.  A
   key feature is the capability for users to write callback functions,
   called after each iteration, thus enabling customization for specific
   applications.  Diverse types of matrix classes/matrix multiplication
   are accommodated.  If the multiplication type computes in parallel,
   then the package computation is also parallel.
An analysis platform for metagenomics combining 
 specialized tools and workflows, easy handling of the BIOM 
 format, and transparent access to MG-RAST resources.  Integrates 
 easily with other R packages and non-R software.
A rich hierarchy of matrix classes, including triangular,
   symmetric, and diagonal matrices, both dense and sparse and with
   pattern, logical and numeric entries.   Numerous methods for and
   operations on these matrices, using 'LAPACK' and 'SuiteSparse' libraries.
Implements data manipulation methods such as cast, aggregate, and merge/join for Matrix and matrix-like objects.
A collection of functions to support matrix calculations
        for probability, econometric and numerical analysis. There are
        additional functions that are comparable to APL functions which
        are useful for actuarial models such as pension mathematics.
        This package is used for teaching and research purposes at the
        Department of Finance and Risk Engineering, New York
        University, Polytechnic Institute, Brooklyn, NY 11201.
Computation and visualization of matrix correlation coefficients.
    The main method is the Similarity of Matrices Index, while various related
    measures like r1, r2, r3, r4, Yanai's GCD, RV, RV2 and adjusted RV are included
    for comparison.
Matrix eQTL is designed for fast eQTL analysis on large datasets.
        Matrix eQTL can test for association between genotype 
        and gene expression using linear regression 
        with either additive or ANOVA genotype effects.
        The models can include covariates to account for factors 
        as population stratification, gender, and clinical variables. 
        It also supports models with heteroscedastic and/or correlated errors,
        false discovery rate estimation and 
        separate treatment of local (cis) and distant (trans) eQTLs.
Constructs the normalized Laplacian matrix of a square matrix, returns the eigenvectors (singular vectors) and visualization of normalized Laplacian map.
Fits the penalized matrix-normal model to be used for linear discriminant analysis with matrix-valued predictors.
Modelling with sparse and dense 'Matrix' matrices, using
  modular prediction and response module classes.
Partial Least Squares Path Modeling
    algorithm and related algorithms. The algorithm implementations aim for
    computational efficiency using matrix algebra and covariance data. The
    package is designed toward Monte Carlo simulations and includes functions
    to perform simple Monte Carlo simulations.
Provides samplers for various matrix variate distributions: Wishart, inverse-Wishart, normal, t, inverted-t, Beta type I and Beta type II. Allows to simulate the noncentral Wishart distribution without the integer restriction on the degrees of freedom.
High-performing functions operating on rows and columns of matrices, e.g. col / rowMedians(), col / rowRanks(), and col / rowSds().  Functions optimized per data type and for subsetted calculations such that both memory usage and processing time is minimized.  There are also optimized vector-based methods, e.g. binMeans(), madDiff() and weightedMedian().
Functions to perform fast statistical hypothesis tests on rows/columns of matrices.
  The main goals are: 1) speed via vectorization, 2) output that is detailed and easy to use,
  3) compatibility with tests implemented in R (like those available in the 'stats' package).
This package in includes functions for receiver operating
        characteristic (ROC) analyses as well as Monte Carlo
        simulation.  It includes specific graphical functions for
        interpreting the output of these techniques.
Provides functions for the creation, evaluation and test of decision models based in
    Multi Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT). Can process and evaluate local risk aversion utilities
    for a set of indexes, compute utilities and weights for the whole decision tree defining the
    decision model and simulate weights employing Dirichlet distributions under addition constraints 
    in weights.
Functions for dimension reduction, using MAVE (Minimum Average Variance Estimation), OPG (Outer Product of Gradient) and KSIR (sliced inverse regression of kernel version). Methods for selecting the best dimension are also included.
Interactive shiny application for running a meta-analysis,
    provides support for both random effects and fixed effects models with the 'metafor' package.
    Additional support is included for calculating effect sizes plus
    support for single case designs, graphical output, and detecting publication bias.
This package is a gene set analysis function for one-sided test (OLS), two-sided test (multivariate analysis of variance).
             If the experimental conditions are equal to 2, the p-value for Hotelling's t^2 test is calculated.
             If the experimental conditions are great than 2, the p-value for Wilks' Lambda is determined and post-hoc test is reported too.
             Three multiple comparison procedures, Dunnett, Tukey, and sequential pairwise comparison, are implemented.
             The program computes the p-values and FDR (false discovery rate) q-values for all gene sets.
             The p-values for individual genes in a significant gene set are also listed.
             MAVTgsa generates two visualization output: a p-value plot of gene sets (GSA plot) and a GST-plot of the empirical distribution function of the ranked test statistics of a given gene set.
             A Random Forests-based procedure is to identify gene sets that can accurately predict samples from different experimental conditions or are associated with the continuous phenotypes.
Perform exact MAX3 or MAX2 test for one-locus genetic
        association analysis and trend test for dominant, recessive and
        additive models. It can also calculate approximated p-value
        with the normal approximation method.
Fits a linear combination of predictors by maximizing a smooth approximation to the estimated covariate-adjusted area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for a discrete covariate. (Meisner, A, Parikh, CR, and Kerr, KF (2017) <http://biostats.bepress.com/uwbiostat/paper421/>.)
maxent is an R package with tools for low-memory
        multinomial logistic regression, also known as maximum entropy.
        The focus of this maximum entropy classifier is to minimize
        memory consumption on very large datasets, particularly sparse
        document-term matrices represented by the tm package. The
        classifier is based on an efficient C++ implementation written
        by Dr. Yoshimasa Tsuruoka.
Complex niche models show low performance in identifying
    the most important range-limiting environmental variables and in
    transferring habitat suitability to novel environmental conditions
    (Warren and Seifert, 2011 <DOI:10.1890/10-1171.1>; Warren et al.,
    2014 <DOI:10.1111/ddi.12160>). This package helps to identify the
    most important set of uncorrelated variables and to fine-tune Maxent's
    regularization multiplier. In combination, this allows to constrain
    complexity and increase performance of Maxent niche models (assessed
    by information criteria, such as AICc (Akaike, 1974
    <DOI:10.1109/TAC.1974.1100705>), and by the area under the receiver
    operating characteristic (AUC) (Fielding and Bell, 1997
    <DOI:10.1017/S0376892997000088>). Users of this package should be
    familiar with Maxent niche modelling.
Functions for Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation and non-linear
   optimization, and related tools.  It includes a unified way to call
   different optimizers, and classes and methods to handle the results from
   the ML viewpoint.  It also includes a number of convenience tools for testing
   and developing your own models.
Provides a likelihood-based approach to modeling species distributions using presence-only data. In contrast to the popular software program MAXENT, this approach yields estimates of the probability of occurrence, which is a natural descriptor of a species' distribution.
Computes the maximum matching for unweighted graph and maximum
    matching for (un)weighted bipartite graph efficiently.
Procedures to fit species distributions models from occurrence records and environmental variables, using 'glmnet' for model fitting. Model structure is the same as for the 'Maxent' Java package, version 3.4.0, with the same feature types and regularization options.  See the 'Maxent' website <http://biodiversityinformatics.amnh.org/open_source/maxent> for more details.
Generate a maximum projection (MaxPro) design, a MaxPro Latin hypercube design or improve an initial design based on the MaxPro criterion. Details of the MaxPro criterion can be found in: Joseph, V. R., Gul, E., and Ba, S. (2015) "Maximum Projection Designs for Computer Experiments", Biometrika.
It finds Orthogonal Data Projections with Maximal Skewness. The first data projection in the output is the most skewed among all linear data projections. The second data projection in the output is the most skewed among all data projections orthogonal to the first one, and so on.
Maximally selected rank statistics with
 several p-value approximations.
Estimates a linear combination of predictors by maximizing a smooth approximation to the estimated true positive rate (TPR; sensitivity) while constraining a smooth approximation to the estimated false positive rate (FPR; 1-specificity) at a user-specified level.
A suite of conversion scripts to create internally standardized
    spatial polygons data frames. Utility scripts use these data sets to return
    values such as country, state, timezone, watershed, etc. associated with a
    set of longitude/latitude pairs. (They also make cool maps.)
A suite of utility functions providing standardized functionality
    often needed in web services including: logging, cache management
    and parsing of http request headers.
Supports the generation of parallelogram, equilateral
    triangle, regular hexagon, isosceles trapezoid, Koch snowflake,
    'hexaflake', Sierpinski triangle, Sierpinski carpet and Sierpinski
    trapezoid mazes via 'TurtleGraphics'. Mazes are generated by the recursive method:
    the domain is divided into sub-domains in which mazes are generated,
    then dividing lines with holes are drawn between them, see
    J. Buck, Recursive Division, <http://weblog.jamisbuck.org/2011/1/12/maze-generation-recursive-division-algorithm>.
A maze generator that creates the Elithorn Maze (HTML file) and the functions to calculate the associated maze parameters (i.e. Difficulty and Ability).
Methods for calculating and testing the significance of
  pairwise monotonic association from and based on the work of
  Pimentel (2009) <doi:10.4135/9781412985291.n2>. Computation of association of vectors from one
  or multiple sets can be performed in parallel thanks to the
  packages 'foreach' and 'doMC'.
Functions to interpolate irregularly and regularly spaced data using Multilevel B-spline Approximation (MBA). Functions call portions of the SINTEF Multilevel B-spline Library written by Øyvind Hjelle which implements methods developed by Lee, Wolberg and Shin (1997; <doi:10.1109/2945.620490>).
Distributions that are typically used for exposure rating in
             general insurance, in particular to price reinsurance contracts.
             The vignettes show code snippets to fit the distribution to
             empirical data.
Calibrate and apply multivariate bias correction algorithms
    for climate model simulations of multiple climate variables. Three methods
    described by Cannon (2016) <doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0679.1> and 
    Cannon (2018) <doi:10.1007/s00382-017-3580-6> are implemented:
    (i) MBC Pearson correlation (MBCp), (ii) MBC rank correlation (MBCr),
    and (iii) MBC N-dimensional PDF transform (MBCn).
Cluster genes based on Poisson or Negative-Binomial model
        for RNA-Seq or other digital gene expression (DGE) data
Perform clusterwise multiblock analyses (clusterwise multiblock Partial Least Squares, clusterwise multiblock Redundancy Analysis or a regularized method between the two latter ones) associated with a F-fold cross-validation procedure to select the optimal number of clusters and dimensions.
Implements methods that useful in designing research studies and analyzing data, with 
	particular emphasis on methods that are developed for or used within the behavioral, 
	educational, and social sciences (broadly defined). That being said, many of the methods 
	implemented within MBESS are applicable to a wide variety of disciplines. MBESS has a 
	suite of functions for a variety of related topics, such as effect sizes, confidence intervals 
	for effect sizes (including standardized effect sizes and noncentral effect sizes), sample size
	planning (from the accuracy in parameter estimation [AIPE], power analytic, equivalence, and 
	minimum-risk point estimation perspectives), mediation analysis, various properties of 
	distributions, and a variety of utility functions. MBESS (pronounced 'em-bes') was originally 
	an acronym for 'Methods for the Behavioral, Educational, and Social Sciences,' but at this 
	point MBESS contains methods applicable and used in a wide variety of fields and is an 
	orphan acronym, in the sense that what was an acronym is now literally its name. MBESS has 
	greatly benefited from others, see <http://nd.edu/~kkelley/site/MBESS.html> for a detailed 
	list of those that have contributed and other details.
Fast moment-based hierarchical model fitting. Implements
    methods from the papers
    "Fast Moment-Based Estimation for Hierarchical Models," by Perry (2017)
    and
    "Fitting a Deeply Nested Hierarchical Model to a Large Book Review
    Dataset Using a Moment-Based Estimator," by Zhang, Schmaus, and Perry
    (2018).
Measure based exploratory data analysis. Some of the functions call interactive apps programmed with the package shiny to provide flexible selection options.
Provides spatially balanced designs from a set of (contiguous) potential sampling locations in a study region. Accommodates , without detrimental effects on spatial balance, sites that the researcher wishes to include in the survey for reasons other than the current randomisation (legacy sites).
Over 20 multiple-site diversity indices can be calculated.
        Later versions will include phylogenetic diversity
Allows practitioners and researchers a wholesale approach for deriving magnitude-based inferences from raw data. A major goal of 'mbir' is to programmatically detect appropriate statistical tests to run in lieu of relying on practitioners to determine correct stepwise procedures independently.
This package provides linear models based on Theil-Sen
        single median and Siegel repeated medians. They are very robust
        (29 or 50 percent breakdown point, respectively), and if no
        outliers are present, the estimators are very similar to OLS.
The MBmca package provides data sets and lightweight utilities for
    nucleic acid melting curve analysis and presentation on microbead surfaces
    but also for reactions in solution (e.g., qPCR).
Model Based Multifactor Dimension Reduction proposed by
        Calle et al. (2008) as a dimension reduction method for
        exploring gene-gene interactions.
Functional gradient descent algorithm
  (boosting) for optimizing general risk functions utilizing
  component-wise (penalised) least squares estimates or regression
  trees as base-learners for fitting generalized linear, additive
  and interaction models to potentially high-dimensional data.
Fit generalized linear models with binomial responses using  a median modified score approach (Kenne Pagui et al., 2016, <https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.04768>) to median bias reduction. This method respects equivariance under reparameterizations for each parameter component and also solves the infinite estimates problem (data separation).
An implementation of a Bayesian sparse group model using spike and slab priors in a regression context. It is designed for regression with a multivariate response variable, but also provides an implementation for univariate response.
Implements a sparse Bayesian multivariate linear regression model using shrinkage priors from the three parameter beta normal family. The method is described in Bai and Ghosh (2018) <arXiv:1711.07635>.
Access to the MBTA API for R. Creates an easy-to-use bundle of
  functions to work with all the built-in calls to the MBTA API. Allows users
  to download realtime tracking data in dataframe format that is manipulable
  in standard R analytics functions.
Bayesian variable selection methods for data with multivariate responses and multiple covariates. The package contains implementations of multivariate Bayesian variable selection methods for continuous data and zero-inflated count data.
A complete framework to build and study Two-Dimensional Monte-Carlo simulations, aka Second-Order Monte-Carlo simulations. Also includes various distributions (pert, triangular, Bernoulli, empirical discrete and continuous).
Post processes MC2 output, especially for use by Path or ST-Sim.  MC2 (short for "MC1 version 2") is a dynamic global vegetation model (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DGVM).  Path (essa.com/tools/path) and ST-Sim (www.apexrms.com) are state-and-transition model (STM) engines. MC2 has a user website at sites.google.com/site/mc1dgvmusers.  Since 2001, MC1 has been used to simulate changes in natural vegetation due to climate change at scales from regional to global.  In 2012, MC1 was reimplemented in C++ to make it faster and to reduce storage requirements.  This newer version is referred to as MC2, an abbreviation of "MC1 version 2".  Beginning in 2011, output from MC1 and MC2 has been used to inform regional state-and-transition model simulations by the U.S. Forest Service and the Washington State Department of Natural Resources.  Projects to date have involved study areas in central Oregon, the Olympic Peninsula, the Blue Mountains ecoregion, southwestern Oregon, and southeastern Oregon.  In the first of this series of projects, the netCDF output files from MC2 were manually post-processed, mostly in Excel, to produce input .csv files for the STM engines. Beginning with the second project, R scripts were used to automate the post-processing work.  These R scripts have been collected into the MC2toPath R-package.
Provides two variants of multiple correspondence analysis (ca):
                     multiple ca and ordered multiple ca via orthogonal polynomials of Emerson.
Computes the prime implicants or a minimal disjunctive normal form for a
  logic expression presented by a truth table or a logic tree. Has been particularly 
  developed for logic expressions resulting from a logic regression analysis, i.e.
  logic expressions typically consisting of up to 16 literals, where the prime implicants 
  are typically composed of a maximum of 4 or 5 literals.
A number of biomedical problems involve performing many hypothesis tests, with an attendant need to apply stringent thresholds. Often the data take the form of a series of predictor vectors, each of which must be compared with a single response vector, perhaps with nuisance covariates. Parametric tests of association are often used, but can result in inaccurate type I error at the extreme thresholds, even for large sample sizes. Furthermore, standard two-sided testing can reduce power compared to the doubled p-value, due to asymmetry in the null distribution. Exact (permutation) testing approaches are attractive, but can be computationally intensive and cumbersome. MCC is an approximation to exact association testing of two vectors that is accurate and fast enough for standard use in high-throughput settings, and can easily provide standard two-sided or doubled p-values.
It contains six common multi-category classification accuracy evaluation measures:
 Hypervolume Under Manifold (HUM), described in
 Li and Fine (2008) <doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxm050>.
 Correct Classification Percentage (CCP), Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI), Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI), R-Squared Value (RSQ), described in
 Li, Jiang and Fine (2013) <doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxs047>.
 Polytomous Discrimination Index (PDI), described in
 Van Calster et al. (2012) <doi:10.1007/s10654-012-9733-3>.
 Li et al. (2018) <doi:10.1177/0962280217692830>.
Implements methods for processing a sample of (hard)
        clusterings, e.g. the MCMC output of a Bayesian clustering
        model. Among them are methods that find a single best
        clustering to represent the sample, which are based on the
        posterior similarity matrix or a relabelling algorithm.
The Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) score is calculated (Matthews BW  (1975) <DOI:10.1016/0005-2795(75)90109-9>).
Functions which can be useful to support the analyst in the Multicriteria Decision Aiding (MCDA) process involving multiple, conflicting criteria.
Implementation of several MCDM methos for crisp data for decision
    making problems. The methods that are implemented in this package are RIM,
    TOPSIS (with two normalization procedures), VIKOR, Multi-MOORA and WASPAS.
    In addition, MetaRanking function calculates a new ranking from the sum 
    of the rankings calculated, as well as an aggregated ranking.
Maximum likelihood estimation for generalized linear mixed models via Monte Carlo EM.
Machine coded genetic algorithm (MCGA) is a fast tool for
    real-valued optimization problems. It uses the byte
    representation of variables rather than real-values. It
    performs the classical crossover operations (uniform) on these
    byte representations. Mutation operator is also similar to
    classical mutation operator, which is to say, it changes a
    randomly selected byte value of a chromosome by +1 or -1 with
    probability 1/2. In MCGAs there is no need for
    encoding-decoding process and the classical operators are
    directly applicable on real-values. It is fast and can handle a
    wide range of a search space with high precision. Using a
    256-unary alphabet is the main disadvantage of this algorithm
    but a moderate size population is convenient for many problems.
    Package also includes multi_mcga function for multi objective
    optimization problems. This function sorts the chromosomes
    using their ranks calculated from the non-dominated sorting
    algorithm.
'mcgibbsit' provides an implementation of Warnes & Raftery's
  MCGibbsit run-length diagnostic for a set of (not-necessarily
  independent) MCMC samplers.  It combines the estimate error-bounding
  approach of the Raftery and Lewis MCMC run length diagnostic with
  the between verses within chain approach of the Gelman and
  Rubin MCMC convergence diagnostic.
Fitting multivariate covariance generalized linear
     models (McGLMs) to data.  McGLM is a general framework for non-normal
     multivariate data analysis, designed to handle multivariate response
     variables, along with a wide range of temporal and spatial correlation
     structures defined in terms of a covariance link function combined
     with a matrix linear predictor involving known matrices.
     The models take non-normality into account in the conventional way
     by means of a variance function, and the mean structure is modelled
     by means of a link function and a linear predictor.
     The models are fitted using an efficient Newton scoring algorithm
     based on quasi-likelihood and Pearson estimating functions, using
     only second-moment assumptions. This provides a unified approach to
     a wide variety of different types of response variables and covariance
     structures, including multivariate extensions of repeated measures,
     time series, longitudinal, spatial and spatio-temporal structures.
     The package offers a user-friendly interface for fitting McGLMs
     similar to the glm() R function. 
     See Bonat (2018) <doi:10.18637/jss.v084.i04>, for more information 
     and examples.
The package performs global optimization combining Monte Carlo and Quasi Monte Carlo simulation with a local search. \n       The local searches can be easily speeded-up by using a network of local workstations.
mcheatmaps serves to visualize multiple different symmetric matrices and matrix clusters in a single figure using a dendogram, two half matrices and various color labels.
The package performs Monte Carlo hypothesis tests. It
        allows a couple of different sequential stopping boundaries (a
        truncated sequential probability ratio test boundary and a
        boundary proposed by Besag and Clifford, 1991). Gives valid
        p-values and confidence intervals on p-values.
Market area models are used to analyze and predict store choices and market areas concerning retail and service locations. This package implements two market area models (Huff Model, Multiplicative Competitive Interaction Model) into R, while the emphases lie on 1.) fitting these models based on empirical data via OLS regression and nonlinear techniques and 2.) data preparation and processing (esp. interaction matrices and data preparation for the MCI Model).
Contains the Markov cluster algorithm (MCL) for identifying clusters in networks and graphs. The algorithm simulates random walks on a (n x n) matrix as the adjacency matrix of a graph. It alternates an expansion step and an inflation step until an equilibrium state is reached.
The likelihood of direct CAR models and Binomial and Poisson GLM with latent CAR variables are approximated by the Monte Carlo likelihood. The Maximum Monte Carlo likelihood estimator is found either by an iterative procedure of directly maximising the Monte Carlo approximation or by a response surface design method.Reference for the method can be found in the DPhil thesis in Z. Sha (2016). For application a good reference is R.Bivand et.al (2017) <doi:10.1016/j.spasta.2017.01.002>.
Maximum likelihood estimation using a Monte Carlo local likelihood (MCLL) method
Specification and estimation of conditional logit models of binary
    responses and multinomial counts is provided, with or without
    random effects. The current implementation of the estimator for random
    effects variances uses a Laplace approximation (or PQL) approach and thus should
    be used only if groups sizes are large.
Gaussian finite mixture models fitted via EM algorithm for model-based clustering, classification, and density estimation, including Bayesian regularization, dimension reduction for visualisation, and resampling-based inference.
Given a set of data points, a clustering is defined as a disjoint partition
    where each pair of sets in a partition has no overlapping elements. 
    This package provides 25 methods that play a role somewhat similar to 
    distance or metric that measures similarity of two clusterings - or partitions.
    For a more detailed description, see Meila, M. (2005) <doi:10.1145/1102351.1102424>.
Simulates continuous distributions of random vectors using
    Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC).  Users specify the distribution by an
    R function that evaluates the log unnormalized density.  Algorithms
    are random walk Metropolis algorithm (function metrop), simulated
    tempering (function temper), and morphometric random walk Metropolis
    (Johnson and Geyer, 2012, <https://doi.org/10.1214/12-AOS1048>,
    function morph.metrop),
    which achieves geometric ergodicity by change of variable.
Poisson-lognormal generalized linear mixed model analysis of multivariate counts data using MCMC, aiming to infer the changes in relative proportions of individual variables. The package was originally designed for sequence-based analysis of microbial communities ("metabarcoding", variables = operational taxonomic units, OTUs), but can be used for other types of multivariate counts, such as in ecological applications (variables = species). The results are summarized and plotted using 'ggplot2' functions. Includes functions to remove sample and variable outliers and reformat counts into normalized log-transformed values for correlation and principal component/coordinate analysis. Walkthrough and examples: http://www.bio.utexas.edu/research/matz_lab/matzlab/Methods_files/walkthroughExample_mcmcOTU_R.txt.
Quantitative RT-PCR data are analyzed using generalized linear mixed models based on lognormal-Poisson error distribution, fitted using MCMC. Control genes are not required but can be incorporated as Bayesian priors or, when template abundances correlate with conditions, as trackers of global effects (common to all genes). The package also implements a lognormal model for higher-abundance data and a "classic" model involving multi-gene normalization on a by-sample basis. Several plotting functions are included to extract and visualize results. The detailed tutorial is available here: <http://bit.ly/1Nwo4CB>.
Provides some function to perform posterior estimation for some distribution, with emphasis to extreme value distributions. It contains some extreme datasets, and functions that perform the runs of posterior points of the GPD and GEV distribution. The package calculate some important extreme measures like return level for each t periods of time, and some plots as the predictive distribution, and return level plots.
Contains functions to perform Bayesian
        inference using posterior simulation for a number of
        statistical models. Most simulation is done in compiled C++
        written in the Scythe Statistical Library Version 1.0.3. All
        models return 'coda' mcmc objects that can then be summarized
        using the 'coda' package. Some useful
        utility functions such as density functions,
	pseudo-random number generators for statistical
        distributions, a general purpose Metropolis sampling algorithm,
        and tools for visualization are provided.
Functions for convenient plotting and viewing of MCMC output.
Estimates the precision of transdimensional Markov chain Monte Carlo 
    (MCMC) output, which is often used for Bayesian analysis of models with different 
    dimensionality (e.g., model selection). Transdimensional MCMC (e.g., reversible 
    jump MCMC) relies on sampling a discrete model-indicator variable to estimate 
    the posterior model probabilities. If only few switches occur between the models, 
    precision may be low and assessment based on the assumption of independent 
    samples misleading. Based on the observed transition matrix of the indicator 
    variable, the method of Heck, Overstall, Gronau, & Wagenmakers (2017) 
    <arXiv:1703.10364> draws posterior samples of the stationary
    distribution to (a) assess the uncertainty in the estimated posterior model 
    probabilities and (b) estimate the effective sample size of the MCMC output.
Functions and classes to store, manipulate and summarise 
   Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) samples.
Provides tools for computing Monte Carlo standard
        errors (MCSE) in Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) settings. MCSE
        computation for expectation and quantile estimators is
        supported as well as multivariate estimations. The package also provides 
	functions for computing effective sample size and for plotting
	Monte Carlo estimates versus sample size.
Performs key functions for MCMC analysis using minimal code - visualizes, manipulates, and summarizes MCMC output. Functions support simple and straightforward subsetting of model parameters within the calls, and produce presentable and 'publication-ready' output. MCMC output may be derived from Bayesian model output fit with JAGS, Stan, or other MCMC samplers.
Algorithms to approximate the Pareto-front of multi-criteria minimum spanning tree problems. Additionally, a modular toolbox for the generation of multi-objective benchmark graph problems is included.
Functions for multiple criteria optimization using genetic
        algorithms and related test problems
The 1001 time series from the M-competition (Makridakis et al. 1982) <DOI:10.1002/for.3980010202> and the 3003 time series from the IJF-M3 competition (Makridakis and Hibon, 2000) <DOI:10.1016/S0169-2070(00)00057-1>.
Provides a class for multi-companion matrices with methods for
    arithmetic and factorization.  A method for generation of
    multi-companion matrices with prespecified spectral properties is
    provided, as well as some utilities for periodically correlated and
    multivariate time series models. See Boshnakov (2002)
    <doi:10.1016/j.laa.2007.02.010> and Boshnakov & Iqelan (2009)
    <doi:10.1111/j.1467-9892.2009.00617.x>.
The package aids in creating a Conjoint Analysis design
        with extra cards.  Unlike traditional "holdout" cards these
        cards are used to create a set of "good" (balanced and low
        correlation) designs. Each of these designs is analyzed and the
        average calculated.
A Markov chain Monte Carlo method is provided to estimate the preferential attachment function from a single network snapshot. Conventional methods require the complete information about the appearance order of all nodes and edges in the network. This package incorporates the appearance order into the state space and estimates it together with the preferential attachment function.
Multiple contrast tests and simultaneous confidence
 intervals based on normal approximation. With implementations for
 binomial proportions in a 2xk setting (risk difference and odds ratio),
 poly-3-adjusted tumour rates, biodiversity indices (multinomial data) 
 and expected values under lognormal assumption. Approximative power 
 calculation for multiple contrast tests of binomial and Gaussian data.
Provides a function that wraps 
    mcparallel() and mccollect() from 'parallel' with temporary variables and a 
    task handler.  Wrapped in this way the results of an mcparallel() call 
    can be returned to the R session when the fork is complete 
    without explicitly issuing a specific mccollect() to retrieve the value.
    Outside of top-level tasks, multiple mcparallel() jobs can be retrieved with 
    a single call to mcparallelDoCheck().
A Monte Carlo permutation method for multiple test
        correlation.
Implements a methodology for the design and analysis of dose-response studies that
             combines aspects of multiple comparison procedures  and modeling approaches
	     (Bretz, Pinheiro and Branson, 2005, Biometrics 61, 738-748, <doi: 10.1111/j.1541-0420.2005.00344.x>).
             The package provides tools for the analysis of dose finding trials as well as a variety
             of tools necessary to plan a trial to be conducted with the MCP-Mod methodology.
             Please note: The 'MCPMod' package will not be further developed, all future development of 
             the MCP-Mod methodology will be done in the 'DoseFinding' R-package.
Calculation of signed root deviance profiles for linear combinations of parameters in a generalized linear model. Multiple tests and simultaneous confidence intervals are provided.
This package provides regression methods to quantify the relation between two measurement methods. In particular it addresses regression problems with errors in both variables and without repeated measurements. The package provides implementations of Deming regression, weighted Deming regression, and Passing-Bablok regression following the CLSI EP09-A3 recommendations for analytical method comparison and bias estimation using patient samples.
Perform the model confidence set procedure of Hansen et al (2011) <doi:10.3982/ECTA5771>.
mcsm contains a collection of functions that allows the
        reenactment of the R programs used in the book EnteR Monte
        Carlo Methods without further programming. Programs being
        available as well, they can be modified by the user to conduct
        one's own simulations.
Locally weighted regression, semiparametric and
        conditionally parametric regression, fourier and cubic spline
        functions, GMM and linearized spatial logit and probit,
        k-density functions and counterfactuals, nonparametric quantile
        regression and conditional density functions, Machado-Mata
        decomposition for quantile regressions, spatial AR model,
        repeat sales models, conditionally parametric logit and probit
Package computes popular and widely used multicollinearity diagnostic measures. Package also indicates which regressors may be the reason of collinearity among regressors.
Transition matrices (probabilities or counts) estimation for discrete Markov Chains of order n (1 <= n <= 5).
Selects bandwidth for the kernel density estimator with minimum distance method as proposed by Devroye and Lugosi (1996). The minimum distance method directly selects the optimal kernel density estimator from countably infinite kernel density estimators and indirectly selects the optimal bandwidth. This package selects the optimal bandwidth from finite kernel density estimators.
Produces clean and neat Markdown log file
    and also provide an argument to include the function call inside the Markdown log.
Mixture and flexible discriminant analysis, multivariate
        adaptive regression splines (MARS), BRUTO, ...
Package implements projection based methods for preprocessing,
    exploring and analysis of multivariate data used in chemometrics.
Provides a function for measuring the difference between two independent or non-independent empirical distributions and returning a significance level of the difference.
A collection of methods for agglomerative hierarchical clustering
  strategies on a matrix of distances, implemented using the variable-group
  approach introduced in Fernandez and Gomez (2008)
  <doi:10.1007/s00357-008-9004-x>. Descriptive measures to analyze the resulting
  hierarchical trees are also provided. In addition to the usual clustering
  methods, two parameterized methods are provided to explore an infinite family
  of hierarchical clustering strategies. When there are ties in proximity
  values, the hierarchical trees obtained are unique and independent of the
  order of the elements in the input matrix.
'MTrackJ' is an 'ImageJ' plugin for motion tracking and analysis (see 
    <https://imagescience.org/meijering/software/mtrackj/>). This package reads 
    and writes 'MTrackJ Data Files' ('.mdf', see 
    <https://imagescience.org/meijering/software/mtrackj/format/>). It supports
    2D data and read/writes cluster, point, and channel information. If desired, 
    generates track identifiers that are unique over the clusters.
    See the project page for more information and examples.
Normalize data to minimize the difference between sample plates 
    (batch effects). For given data in a matrix and grouping variable (or
	plate), the function 'normn_MA' normalizes the data on MA coordinates. 
	More details are in the citation. The primary method is 'Multi-MA'. Other 
	fitting functions on MA coordinates can also be employed e.g. loess.
The multinomial diversity model is a toolbox for relating diversity to complex predictors. It is based on (1) Shannon diversity; (2) the multinomial logit model, and (3) the link between Shannon diversity and the log-likelihood of the MLM.
Contains model-based treatment of missing data for regression models 
    with missing values in covariates or the dependent variable 
    using maximum likelihood or Bayesian estimation (Ibrahim et al., 2005;
    <doi:10.1198/016214504000001844>). The regression model can be nonlinear
    (e.g., including interaction or quadratic effects). 
    Multiple imputation can be also conducted.
Allows users to conduct multivariate distance matrix regression using analytic p-values and compute measures of effect size. For details on the method, see McArtor, Lubke, & Bergeman (2017) <doi:10.1007/s11336-016-9527-8>.
Provides graph-constrained regression methods in which
    regularization parameters are selected automatically via estimation of
    equivalent Linear Mixed Model formulation. 'riPEER' (ridgified Partially
    Empirical Eigenvectors for Regression) method employs a penalty term being
    a linear combination of graph-originated and ridge-originated penalty terms,
    whose two regularization parameters are ML estimators from corresponding
    Linear Mixed Model solution; a graph-originated penalty term allows imposing
    similarity between coefficients based on graph information given whereas
    additional ridge-originated penalty term facilitates parameters estimation:
    it reduces computational issues arising from singularity in a graph-originated
    penalty matrix and yields plausible results in situations when graph information
    is not informative. 'riPEERc' (ridgified Partially Empirical Eigenvectors
    for Regression with constant) method utilizes addition of a diagonal matrix
    multiplied by a predefined (small) scalar to handle the non-invertibility of
    a graph Laplacian matrix. 'vrPEER' (variable reducted PEER) method performs
    variable-reduction procedure to handle the non-invertibility of a graph
    Laplacian matrix.
Provides automatization for plot generation succeeding common molecular dynamics analyses.
             This includes straightforward plots, such as RMSD (Root-Mean-Square-Deviation) and
             RMSF (Root-Mean-Square-Fluctuation) but also more sophisticated ones such as
             dihedral angle maps, hydrogen bonds, cluster bar plots and
             DSSP (Definition of Secondary Structure of Proteins) analysis. Currently able to load
             GROMOS, GROMACS and AMBER formats, respectively.
The Markov Decision Processes (MDP) toolbox proposes functions related to the resolution of discrete-time Markov Decision Processes: finite horizon, value iteration, policy iteration, linear programming algorithms with some variants and also proposes some functions related to Reinforcement Learning.
Performs multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) to
        detect potential gene-gene interactions in case-control
        studies.
A set of core functions for handling medical device event data in
    the context of post-market surveillance, pharmacovigilance, signal detection
    and trending, and regulatory reporting. Primary inputs are data on events by
    device and data on exposures by device. Outputs include: standardized
    device-event and exposure datasets, defined analyses, and time series.
A set of functions to obtain modified score test for generalized linear models.
Tools associated with General
    Recognition Theory (Townsend & Ashby, 1986), including Gaussian model fitting of 2x2 and more
    general designs, associated plotting and model comparison tools,
    and tests of marginal response invariance and report independence.
A graphical user interface (GUI) for performing Multidimensional Scaling applications and interactively analysing the results all within the GUI environment. The MDS-GUI provides means of performing Classical Scaling, Least Squares Scaling, Metric SMACOF, Non-Metric SMACOF, Kruskal's Analysis and Sammon Mapping with animated optimisation.
Estimate genetic linkage maps for markers on a single chromosome (or in a single linkage group) from pairwise recombination fractions or intermarker distances using weighted metric multidimensional scaling. The methods are suitable for autotetraploid as well as diploid populations. Options for assessing the fit to a known map are also provided. Methods are discussed in detail in Preedy and Hackett (2016) <doi:10.1007/s00122-016-2761-8>.
Selecting the optimal multidimensional scaling (MDS) procedure for metric data via metric MDS (ratio, interval, mspline) and nonmetric MDS (ordinal). Selecting the optimal multidimensional scaling (MDS) procedure for interval-valued symbolic data via metric MDS (ratio, interval, mspline). Selecting the optimal MDS procedure for statistical data referring to the evaluation of tourist attractiveness of Lower Silesian counties.
 (Borg, I., Groenen, P.J.F., Mair, P. (2013) <doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31848-1>, 
 De Leeuw, J., Mair, P. (2015) <doi:10.1002/9781118445112.stat06268.pub2>, 
 Groenen, P.J.F., Winsberg, S., Rodriguez, O., Diday, E. (2006) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2006.04.003>,
 Walesiak, M. (2016) <doi:10.15611/ekt.2016.2.01>, 
 Walesiak, M. (2017) <doi:10.15611/ekt.2017.3.01>).
A complement to *Modern Data
    Science with R* (ISBN: 978-1498724487, publisher URL: 
    <https://www.crcpress.com/Modern-Data-Science-with-R/Baumer-Kaplan-Horton/p/book/9781498724487>). 
    This package contains all of the data and code necessary to
    complete exercises and reproduce examples from the text. It also 
    facilitates connections to the SQL database server used in the book.
Dimension-reduction methods aim at defining a score that maximizes signal diversity. Two approaches, namely maximum entropy weights and maximum variance weights, are provided.
Sentiment analysis is a popular technique in text mining.  Roughly
    speaking, the technique is an attempt to determine the overall emotional
    attitude of a piece of text (i.e., positive or negative).  We provide a new
    implementation of a common method for computing sentiment, whereby words are
    scored as positive or negative according to a "dictionary", and then an
    sum of those scores for the document is produced.  We use the 'Hu' and 'Liu'
    sentiment dictionary for determining sentiment.  The scoring function is
    'vectorized' by document, and scores for multiple documents are computed in
    parallel via 'OpenMP'.
Clustering of vector data and functional data using the mean shift algorithm (multi-core processing is supported) or its blurring version.
Performs mean shift classification using linear and 
  k-d tree based nearest neighbor implementations for the Gaussian,
  Epanechnikov, and biweight product kernels.
Core algorithms for MEA spike train analysis, feature extraction, statistical analysis and plotting of multiple MEA recordings with multiple genotypes and treatments, published by Gelfman et al (2017) at <https://github.com/igm-team/meaRtools/>.
Collection of tools to make working with physical measurements
		easier. Convert between metric and imperial units, or calculate a dimension's
		unknown value from other dimensions' measurements.
Identification of ring borders on scanned image sections from dendrochronological samples. Processing of image reflectances to produce gray matrices and time series of smoothed gray values. Luminance data is plotted on segmented images for users to perform both: visual identification of ring borders or control of automatic detection. Routines to visually include/exclude ring borders on the R graphical devices, or automatically detect ring borders using a linear detection algorithm. This algorithm detects ring borders according to positive/negative extreme values in the smoothed time-series of gray values. Most of the in-package routines can be recursively implemented using the multiDetect() function.
Maximum entropy density based dependent data bootstrap. 
  An algorithm is provided to create a population of time series (ensemble) 
  without assuming stationarity. The reference paper (Vinod, H.D., 2004) explains
  how the algorithm satisfies the ergodic theorem and the central limit theorem.
Fits the mixture of experts latent position cluster model to network data to cluster nodes into subgroups, while incorporating covariate information, in a mixture of experts model setting.
Nonparametric estimation and inference for natural direct and indirect effects by Chan, Imai, Yam and Zhang (2016) <arXiv:1601.03501>.
Multi Calculator of different scores to measure adherence to Mediterranean Diet, to compute them in nutriepidemiological data. Additionally, a sample dataset of this kind of data is provided, and some other minor tools useful in epidemiological studies.
Two distinct but related statistical approaches to the problem of identifying the combinations of medication error characteristics that are more likely to result in harm are implemented in this package: 1) a Bayesian hierarchical model with optimal Bayesian ranking on the log odds of harm, and 2) an empirical Bayes model that estimates the ratio of the observed count of harm to the count that would be expected if error characteristics and harm were independent. In addition, for the Bayesian hierarchical model, the package provides functions to assess the sensitivity of results to different specifications of the random effects distributions.
Functions to simulate forest dynamics using cohort-based description of vegetation.
Run flexible mediation analyses using natural effect models as described in 
  Lange, Vansteelandt and Bekaert (2012) <DOI:10.1093/aje/kwr525>, 
  Vansteelandt, Bekaert and Lange (2012) <DOI:10.1515/2161-962X.1014> 
  and Loeys, Moerkerke, De Smet, Buysse, Steen and Vansteelandt (2013) <DOI:10.1080/00273171.2013.832132>.
Calculates MeDiA_K (means Mean Distance Association by K-nearest neighbor) in order to detect nonlinear associations.
Provides a general framework for clinical trial simulations based
    on the Clinical Scenario Evaluation (CSE) approach. The package supports a
    broad class of data models (including clinical trials with continuous, binary,
    survival-type and count-type endpoints as well as multivariate outcomes that are
    based on combinations of different endpoints), analysis strategies and commonly
    used evaluation criteria.
We implement parametric and non parametric mediation analysis. This package performs the methods and suggestions in Imai, Keele and Yamamoto (2010) <DOI:10.1214/10-STS321>, Imai, Keele and Tingley (2010) <DOI:10.1037/a0020761>, Imai, Tingley and Yamamoto (2013) <DOI:10.1111/j.1467-985X.2012.01032.x>, Imai and Yamamoto (2013) <doi:10.1093/pan/mps040> and Yamamoto (2013) <http://web.mit.edu/teppei/www/research/IVmediate.pdf>. In addition to the estimation of causal mediation effects, the software also allows researchers to conduct sensitivity analysis for certain parametric models.
Generates risk estimates and comorbidity flags from ICD-9-CM
    codes available in administrative medical datasets. The package supports
    the Charlson Comorbidity Index, the Elixhauser Comorbidity
    classification, the Revised Cardiac Risk Index, and the Risk Stratification
    Index.  Methods are table-based, fast, and use the 'plyr' package, so
    parallelization is possible for large jobs. Also includes a sample of
    real ICD-9 data for 100 patients from a publicly available dataset.
Publicly available data from Medicare frequently requires extensive
    initial effort to extract desired variables and merge them; this package
    formalizes the techniques I've found work best. More information on the 
    Medicare program, as well as guidance for the publicly available data this package 
    targets, can be found on CMS's website covering publicly available data. See <https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems.html>.
This toolbox allows you to do simple mediation and moderation 
    analysis. It is also available as a module for 'jamovi' 
    (see <https://www.jamovi.org> for more information). 'Medmod' is based 
    on the 'lavaan' package by Yves Rosseel. You can find an in depth tutorial 
    on the 'lavaan' model syntax used for this package on 
    <http://lavaan.ugent.be/tutorial/index.html>.
This package contains the functions used to perform some
        confidence statistics based in population median.
MEET (Motif Elements Estimation Toolkit) is a R-package
        that integrates a set of computational algorithms for the
        detection of Transcription Factor Binding Sites (TFBS).
Allows management of 'Meetup' groups via the <https:www.meetup.com/meetup_api/>.
    Provided are a set of functions that enable fetching information of joined meetups, attendance,
    and members. This package requires the use of an API key.
A framework package aimed to provide standardized computational environment for specialist work via object classes to represent the data coded by samples, taxa and segments (i.e. subpopulations, repeated measures). It supports easy processing of the data along with cross tabulation and relational data tables for samples and taxa. An object of class `mefa' is a project specific compendium of the data and can be easily used in further analyses. Methods are provided for extraction, aggregation, conversion, plotting, summary and reporting of `mefa' objects. Reports can be generated in plain text or LaTeX format. Vignette contains worked examples.
An S4 update of the 'mefa' package
  using sparse matrices for enhanced efficiency.
  Sparse array-like objects are supported via
  lists of sparse matrices.
Uses as input genetic data that have been reformatted
     and stored in a 'SQLite' database; this database is initially
     created by the standalone 'mega2' C++ program (available freely
     from <https://watson.hgen.pitt.edu/register/>). Loads and
     manipulates data frames containing genotype, phenotype, and family
     information from the input 'SQLite' database, and decompresses
     needed subsets of the genotype data, on the fly, in a memory
     efficient manner.  We have also created several more functions that
     illustrate how to use the data frames as well as perform useful
     tasks: these permit one to run the 'pedgene' package to carry out
     gene-based association tests on family data using selected marker
     subsets, to run the 'SKAT' package to carry out gene-based
     association tests using selected marker subsets, to output the
     'Mega2R' data as a VCF file and related files (for phenotype and
     family data), and to convert the data frames into 'GenABEL'
     gwaa.data-class objects.
Exploratory model analysis.  Fit and graphical
    explore ensembles of linear models.
Create variable width bar charts i.e.
    "bar mekko" charts to include important quantitative context.
    Closely related to mosaic, spine (or spinogram), matrix,
    submarine, olympic, Mondrian or product plots and tree maps.
Framework for merging and disambiguating event data based on spatiotemporal co-occurrence and secondary event characteristics. It can account for intrinsic "fuzziness" in the coding of events, varying event taxonomies and different geo-precision codes.
Provides a graphical interface that allows the user to easily view 
    and classify output from 'MELODIC', a part of the 'FSL' neuroimaging analysis
    software suite that performs independent component analysis (ICA; see 
    <https://fsl.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl/fslwiki/MELODIC/> for more information). The 
    user categorizes a component as signal or noise based on its spatial and 
    temporal characteristics and can then save a text file of these 
    classifications in the format required by 'ICA+FIX', an automatic noise 
    removal tool (<https://fsl.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl/fslwiki/FIX>).
The Moving Epidemic Method, created by T Vega and JE Lozano (2012, 2015) <doi:10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00422.x>, <doi:10.1111/irv.12330>, allows the weekly assessment of the epidemic and intensity status to help in routine respiratory infections surveillance in health systems. Allows the comparison of different epidemic indicators, timing and shape with past epidemics and across different regions or countries with different surveillance systems. Also, it gives a measure of the performance of the method in terms of sensitivity and specificity of the alert week.
The Moving Epidemic Method, created by T Vega and JE Lozano (2012, 2015) <doi:10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00422.x>, <doi:10.1111/irv.12330>, allows the weekly assessment of the epidemic and intensity status to help in routine respiratory infections surveillance in health systems. Allows the comparison of different epidemic indicators, timing and shape with past epidemics and across different regions or countries with different surveillance systems. Also, it gives a measure of the performance of the method in terms of sensitivity and specificity of the alert week. 'memapp' is a web application created in the Shiny framework for the 'mem' R package.
The word 'Meme' was originated from the book, 'The Selfish Gene', authored by Richard Dawkins (1976).
             It is a unit of culture that is passed from one generation to another and correlates to the gene, the unit of physical heredity.
             The internet memes are captioned photos that are intended to be funny, ridiculous.
             Memes behave like infectious viruses and travel from person to person quickly through social media.
             The 'meme' package allows users to make custom memes.
Generates internet memes that optionally include a superimposed inset plot and other atypical features, 
    combining the visual impact of an attention-grabbing meme with graphic results of data analysis.
    The package differs from related packages that focus on imitating and reproducing standard memes.
    Some packages do this by interfacing with online meme generators whereas others achieve this natively.
    This package takes the latter approach. It does not interface with online meme generators or require any authentication with external websites.
    It reads images directly from local files or via URL and meme generation is done by the package.
    While this is similar to the 'meme' package available on CRAN, it differs in that the focus is on 
    allowing for non-standard meme layouts and hybrids of memes mixed with graphs.
    While this package can be used to make basic memes like an online meme generator would produce, 
    it caters primarily to hybrid graph-meme plots where the meme presentation can be seen as a backdrop highlighting 
    foreground graphs of data analysis results.
    The package also provides support for an arbitrary number of meme text labels with arbitrary size, position and other attributes 
    rather than restricting to the standard top and/or bottom text placement. 
    This is useful for proper aesthetic interleaving of plots of data between meme image backgrounds and overlain text labels.
    The package offers a selection of templates for graph placement and appearance with respect to the underlying meme.
    Graph templates also permit additional template-specific customization.
    Animated gif support is provided but this is optional and functional only if the 'magick' package is installed. 
    'magick' is not required unless gif functionality is desired.
Memgene can detect relatively weak spatial genetic patterns by using Moran's Eigenvector Maps (MEM) to extract only the spatial component of genetic variation.  Memgene has applications in landscape genetics where the movement and dispersal of organisms are studied using neutral genetic variation.
An infrastructure for the management of survey data including
        value labels, definable missing values, recoding of variables,
        production of code books, and import of (subsets of) 'SPSS' and
        'Stata' files is provided. Further, the package allows to produce
        tables and data frames of arbitrary descriptive statistics and
        (almost) publication-ready tables of regression model
        estimates, which can be exported to 'LaTeX' and HTML.
A simple in-memory, LRU cache that can be wrapped
    around any function to memoize it. The cache can be keyed on a hash of the
    input data (using 'digest') or on pointer equivalence.
Cache the results of a function so that when you call it
    again with the same arguments it returns the pre-computed value.
Data sets and sample analyses from Pinheiro and Bates,
  "Mixed-effects Models in S and S-PLUS" (Springer, 2000).
How much ram do you need to store a 100,000 by 100,000 matrix?
    How much ram is your current R session using? How much ram do you even have?
    Learn the scintillating answer to these and many more such questions with
    the 'memuse' package.
Encodes several methods for performing Mendelian randomization
    analyses with summarized data. Summarized data on genetic associations with the
    exposure and with the outcome can be obtained from large consortia. These data
    can be used for obtaining causal estimates using instrumental variable methods.
Set of configurable menus built with GTK+ to graphically interface new functions.
Based on the input data an n-dimensional cube with sub cells of user specified side length is created.
    The number of sample points which fall in each sub cube is counted, and with the cell volume and overall sample
    size an empirical probability can be computed. A number of cubes of higher resolution can be superimposed. The 
    basic method stems from J.L. Bentley in "Multidimensional Divide and Conquer".
    J. L. Bentley (1980) <doi:10.1145/358841.358850>.
Compute analytic case-wise and cluster-wise derivatives for mixed effects models with respect to fixed effect parameters, random effect (co)variances, and residual variances.
A GUI for merging datasets in R using gWidgets.
N>=3 methods are used to measure each of n items. 
 The data are used to estimate simultaneously systematic error (bias)
 and random error (imprecision). Observed measurements for each method
 or device are assumed to be linear functions of the unknown true values
 and the errors are assumed normally distributed. Maximum likelihood 
 estimation is used for the imprecision standard deviation estimates. 
 Pairwise calibration curves and plots can be easily generated.
Provides methods for extracting results from mixed-effect model
    objects fit with the 'lme4' package. Allows construction of prediction intervals
    efficiently from large scale linear and generalized linear mixed-effects models.
A mixed collection of useful and semi-useful diverse
    statistical functions, some of which may even be referenced in
    The R Primer book.
Provides tools for creating and issuing nicely-formatted
    text within R diagnostic messages and those messages given during
    warnings and errors. The formatting of the messages can be
    customized using templating features. Issues with singular and
    plural forms can be handled through specialized syntax.
User-friendly general package providing standard methods for meta-analysis and supporting Schwarzer, Carpenter, and Rücker <DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-21416-0>, "Meta-Analysis with R" (2015):
 - fixed effect and random effects meta-analysis;
 - several plots (forest, funnel, Galbraith / radial, L'Abbe, Baujat, bubble);
 - statistical tests and trim-and-fill method to evaluate bias in meta-analysis;
 - import data from 'RevMan 5';
 - prediction interval, Hartung-Knapp and Paule-Mandel method for random effects model;
 - cumulative meta-analysis and leave-one-out meta-analysis;
 - meta-regression (if R package 'metafor' is installed);
 - generalised linear mixed models (if R packages 'metafor', 'lme4', 'numDeriv', and 'BiasedUrn' are installed);
 - produce forest plot summarising several (subgroup) meta-analyses.
Bayesian inference analysis for bivariate meta-analysis of diagnostic test studies using integrated nested Laplace approximation with INLA. A purpose built graphic user interface is available. The installation of R package INLA is compulsory for successful usage. The INLA package can be obtained from <http://www.r-inla.org>. We recommend the testing version, which can be downloaded by running: install.packages("INLA", repos="http://www.math.ntnu.no/inla/R/testing").
An interactive application to visualise meta-analysis data as a
    physical weighing machine. The interface is based on the Shiny web application
    framework, though can be run locally and with the user's own data.
A package for meta-analysis of genome-wide association
    scans between quantitative or binary traits and SNPs
The sample mean and standard deviation are two commonly used statistics in meta-analyses, 
    but some trials use other summary statistics such as the median and quartiles to report the results. 
    Therefore, researchers need to transform those information back to the sample mean and 
    standard deviation. This package implemented sample mean estimators by Luo et al. (2016) <arXiv:1505.05687>, sample standard deviation estimators by Wan et al. (2014) <arXiv:1407.8038>, and the best linear unbiased estimators (BLUEs) of location and scale parameters by Yang et al. (2018, submitted) based on sample quantiles derived summaries in a meta-analysis.
Computes the posterior model probabilities for four meta-analysis models 
    (null model vs. alternative model assuming either fixed- or random-effects, respectively).
    These posterior probabilities are used to estimate the overall mean effect size 
    as the weighted average of the mean effect size estimates of the random- and 
    fixed-effect model as proposed by Gronau, Van Erp, Heck, Cesario, Jonas, & 
    Wagenmakers (2017, <doi:10.1080/23743603.2017.1326760>). The user can define 
    a wide range of noninformative or informative priors for the mean effect size 
    and the heterogeneity coefficient. Funding for this research was provided by 
    the Berkeley Initiative for Transparency in the Social Sciences, a program of 
    the Center for Effective Global Action (CEGA), with support from the Laura and 
    John Arnold Foundation.
Integrates metabolic networks and RNA-seq data to construct condition-specific series of metabolic sub-networks and applies to gene set enrichment analysis (Tran et al. (2018) <doi:10.1101/200964>).
Fits probabilistic principal components analysis,
        probabilistic principal components and covariates analysis and
        mixtures of probabilistic principal components models to
        metabolomic spectral data.
Automatic metabolite annotation from Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS and LC-MS/MS) data from .mzXML files, providing an inclusion list of metabolites/fragments (Only the ion mass). The function returns the identification and quantification of the peaks presented in the sample, as well as the non-identified metabolites/fragments.
A collection of functions to aid in the statistical analysis of metabolomic data
A set of functions to investigate raw data from (metabol)omics experiments intended to be used on a raw data matrix, i.e. following peak picking and signal deconvolution. Functions can be used to normalize data, detect biomarkers and perform sample classification.
Takes QC signal for each day and normalize metabolomic
    data that has been acquired in a certain period of time. At least
    three QC per day are required.
Fits meta-CART by integrating classification and regression trees (CART) into meta-analysis. Meta-CART is a flexible approach to identify interaction effects between moderators in meta-analysis. The methods are described in Dusseldorp et al. (2014) <doi:10.1037/hea0000018> and Li et al. (2017) <doi:10.1111/bmsp.12088>.
A set of tools for parsing, manipulating, and graphing data
    classified by a hierarchy (e.g. a taxonomy).
Functions to analyze coherence, boundary clumping, and turnover
    following the pattern-based metacommunity analysis of Leibold and Mikkelson
    2002  <doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.970210.x>. The package also includes 
		functions to visualize ecological networks, and to calculate modularity 
		as a replacement to boundary clumping.
Implements routines for metagenome sample taxonomy assignments collection, 
    aggregation, and visualization. Accepts the EDGE-formatted output from GOTTCHA/GOTTCHA2, 
    BWA, Kraken, MetaPhlAn, DIAMOND, and Pangia. Produces SVG and PDF heatmap-like plots 
    comparing taxa abundances across projects.
Implement the DerSimonian-Laird (DSL) and Olkin-Pratt (OP)
        meta-analytical approaches with correlation coefficients as
        effect sizes.
Provides two functions-meta2d and meta3d for detecting 
    rhythmic signals from time-series datasets. For analyzing
    time-series datasets without individual information, 'meta2d' is 
    suggested, which could incorporates multiple methods from ARSER, 
    JTK_CYCLE and Lomb-Scargle in the detection of interested rhythms. For 
    analyzing time-series datasets with individual information, 'meta3d' is 
    suggested, which takes use of any one of these three methods to analyze 
	time-series data individual by individual and gives out integrated values 
    based on analysis result of each individual.
The metafolio R package is a tool to simulate salmon
    metapopulations and apply financial portfolio optimization concepts. The
    package accompanies the paper 'Portfolio conservation of metapopulations
    under climate change'. See citation("metafolio").
A comprehensive collection of functions for conducting meta-analyses in R. The package includes functions to calculate various effect sizes or outcome measures, fit fixed-, random-, and mixed-effects models to such data, carry out moderator and meta-regression analyses, and create various types of meta-analytical plots (e.g., forest, funnel, radial, L'Abbe, Baujat, GOSH plots). For meta-analyses of binomial and person-time data, the package also provides functions that implement specialized methods, including the Mantel-Haenszel method, Peto's method, and a variety of suitable generalized linear (mixed-effects) models (i.e., mixed-effects logistic and Poisson regression models). Finally, the package provides functionality for fitting meta-analytic multivariate/multilevel models that account for non-independent sampling errors and/or true effects (e.g., due to the inclusion of multiple treatment studies, multiple endpoints, or other forms of clustering). Network meta-analyses and meta-analyses accounting for known correlation structures (e.g., due to phylogenetic relatedness) can also be conducted.
Conduct random forests-based meta-analysis, obtain partial dependence plots for metaforest and classic meta-analyses, and cross-validate and tune metaforest- and classic meta-analyses in conjunction with the caret package. A requirement of classic meta-analysis is that the studies being aggregated are conceptually similar, and ideally, close replications. However, in many fields, there is substantial heterogeneity between studies on the same topic. Classic meta-analysis lacks the power to assess more than a handful of univariate moderators. MetaForest, by contrast, has substantial power to explore heterogeneity in meta-analysis. It can identify important moderators from a larger set of potential candidates, even with as little as 20 studies (Van Lissa, in preparation). This is an appealing quality, because many meta-analyses have small sample sizes. Moreover, MetaForest yields a measure of variable importance which can be used to identify important moderators, and offers partial prediction plots to explore the shape of the marginal relationship between moderators and effect size.
Fused lasso method to cluster and estimate regression coefficients
    of the same covariate across different data sets when a large number of
    independent data sets are combined. Package supports Gaussian, binomial,
    Poisson and Cox PH models.
Functionalities for facilitating systematic reviews, data
    extractions, and meta-analyses. It includes a GUI (graphical user interface)
    to help screen the abstracts and titles of bibliographic data; tools to assign
    screening effort across multiple collaborators/reviewers and to assess inter-
    reviewer reliability; tools to help automate the download and retrieval of
    journal PDF articles from online databases; figure and image extractions 
    from PDFs; web scraping of citations; automated and manual data extraction 
    from scatter-plot and bar-plot images; PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for
    Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) flow diagrams; simple imputation tools
    to fill gaps in incomplete or missing study parameters; generation of random
    effects sizes for Hedges' d, log response ratio, odds ratio, and correlation
    coefficients for Monte Carlo experiments; covariance equations for modelling
    dependencies among multiple effect sizes (e.g., effect sizes with a common 
    control); and finally summaries that replicate analyses and outputs from 
    widely used but no longer updated meta-analysis software. Funding for this 
    package was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants 
    DBI-1262545 and DEB-1451031.
Provides methods for making inference in the random effects meta
    regression model such as point estimates and confidence intervals for the
    heterogeneity parameter and the regression coefficients vector.  Inference
    methods are based on different approaches to statistical inference.
    Methods from three different schools are included: methods based on the
    method of moments approach, methods based on likelihood, and methods based
    on generalised inference.  The package also includes tools to run extensive
    simulation studies in parallel on high performance clusters in a modular
    way.  This allows extensive testing of custom inferential methods with all
    implemented state-of-the-art methods in a standardised way.  Tools for
    evaluating the performance of both point and interval estimates are
    provided.  Also, a large collection of different pre-defined plotting
    functions is implemented in a ready-to-use fashion.
Automation of preprocessing often requires computationally costly
    preprocessing combinations. This package helps to find near-best combinations
    faster. Metaheuristics supported are taboo search, simulated annealing, reheating
    and late acceptance. Start conditions include random and grid starts. End conditions
    include all iteration rounds completed, objective threshold reached and convergence.
    Metaheuristics, start and end conditions can be hybridized and hyperparameters optimized.
    Parallel computations are supported. The package is intended to be used with package
    'preprocomb' and takes its 'GridClass' object as input.
A nature-inspired metaheuristics algorithm based on the pollination
    process of flowers. This R package makes it easy to implement the standard
    flower pollination algorithm for every user. The algorithm was first developed
    by Xin-She Yang in 2012 (<DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-32894-7_27>).
An implementation of metaheuristic algorithms for continuous
	optimization. Currently, the package contains the implementations of the following algorithms: particle swarm optimization (Kennedy and Eberhart, 1995), ant lion optimizer (Mirjalili, 2015 <doi:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2015.01.010>), grey wolf optimizer (Mirjalili et al., 2014 <doi:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2013.12.007>), dragonfly algorithm (Mirjalili, 2015 <doi:10.1007/s00521-015-1920-1>), firefly algorithm (Yang, 2009 <doi:10.1007/978-3-642-04944-6_14>), genetic algorithm (Holland, 1992, ISBN:978-0262581110), grasshopper optimisation algorithm (Saremi et al., 2017 <doi:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2017.01.004>), harmony search algorithm (Mahdavi et al., 2007 <doi:10.1016/j.amc.2006.11.033>), moth flame optimizer (Mirjalili, 2015 <doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2015.07.006>, sine cosine algorithm (Mirjalili, 2016 <doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2015.12.022>) and whale optimization algorithm (Mirjalili and Lewis, 2016 <doi:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2016.01.008>).
A pipeline for the meta-analysis  of gene expression data. We have
	assembled several analysis and plot functions to
    perform integrated multi-cohort analysis of gene expression data (meta-
    analysis). Methodology described in:
	<http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/08/25/071514>.
Tools to generate random landscape graphs, evaluate species
    occurrence in dynamic landscapes, simulate future landscape occupation and
    evaluate range expansion when new empty patches are available (e.g. as a
    result of climate change).
First- and higher-order likelihood inference in
        meta-analysis and meta-regression models.
Identify time intervals of differentially abundant metagenomics features in longitudinal studies.
Combines either p-values or modified effect sizes from different
    studies to find differentially expressed genes
Functions for path based queries against 'Omics' <https://github.com/etheleon/omics-neo4j-container>, a 'NEO4J' <https://neo4j.com/> database populated with data from metagenomic surveys and their accompanying metabolic and taxonomic annotations.
Meta-analysis of diagnostic and prognostic modeling studies. Summarize estimates of prognostic factors, diagnostic test accuracy and prediction model performance. Validate, update and combine published prediction models. Develop new prediction models with data from multiple studies.
Resolves complex metagenomic mixtures by analysing
    deep sequencing data, using a mixture model based approach.
    The use of parallel Monte Carlo Markov chains for the exploration
    of the species space enables the identification of the set
    of species more likely to contribute to the mixture.
Novel method to unbiasedly include studies with Non Statistically-Significant Unreported Effects (NSUEs) in a meta-analysis <doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.2196>. Briefly, the method first calculates the interval where the unreported effects (e.g. t-values) should be according to the threshold of statistical significance used in each study. Afterwards, maximum likelihood techniques are used to impute the expected effect size of each study with NSUEs, accounting for between-study heterogeneity and potential covariates. Multiple imputations of the NSUEs are then randomly created based on the expected value, variance and statistical significance bounds. Finally, a restricted-maximum likelihood random-effects meta-analysis is separately conducted for each set of imputations, and estimations from these meta-analyses are pooled. Please read the reference in 'metansue' for details of the procedure.
The canonical way to perform meta-analysis involves using effect sizes.
   When they are not available this package provides a number of methods for
   meta-analysis of significance values including the methods of Edgington, Fisher,
   Stouffer, Tippett, and Wilkinson; a number of data-sets to replicate published results;
   and a routine for graphical display.
Perform the Meta-analysis for Pathway Enrichment (MAPE) 
		methods introduced by Shen and Tseng (2010). It includes functions to
        automatically perform MAPE_G (integrating multiple studies at
        gene level), MAPE_P (integrating multiple studies at pathway
        level) and MAPE_I (a hybrid method integrating MAEP_G and
        MAPE_P methods). In the simulation and real data analyses in
        the paper, MAPE_G and MAPE_P have complementary advantages and
        detection power depending on the data structure. In general,
        the integrative form of MAPE_I is recommended to use. In the
        case that MAPE_G (or MAPE_P) detects almost none pathway, the
        integrative MAPE_I does not improve performance and MAPE_P (or
        MAPE_G) should be used. Reference: Shen, Kui, and George C
        Tseng. Meta-analysis for pathway enrichment analysis when
        combining multiple microarray studies.Bioinformatics (Oxford,
        England) 26, no. 10 (April 2010): 1316-1323.
        doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btq148.
        http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20410053.
MetaPCA implements simultaneous dimension reduction using
        PCA when multiple studies are combined. We propose two basic
        ideas to find a common PC subspace by eigenvalue maximization
        approach and angle minimization approach, and we extend the
        concept to incorporate Robust PCA and Sparse PCA in the
        meta-analysis realm.
Designs plots in terms of core structure.  See 'example(metaplot)'.
 Primary arguments are (unquoted) column names; order and type (numeric or not)
 dictate the resulting plot.  Specify any y variables, x variable, any groups variable,
 and any conditioning variables to metaplot() to generate density plots, boxplots, 
 mosaic plots, scatterplots, scatterplot matrices, or conditioned plots. Use multiplot() 
 to arrange plots in grids. Wherever present, scalar column attributes 'label' and 'guide' 
 are honored, producing fully annotated plots with minimal effort. Attribute 'guide' 
 is typically units, but may be encoded() to provide interpretations of categorical 
 values (see '?encode').  Utility unpack() transforms scalar column attributes to row 
 values and pack() does the reverse, supporting tool-neutral storage of metadata along 
 with primary data. The package supports customizable aesthetics such as such as reference 
 lines, unity lines, smooths, log transformation, and linear fits. Compact syntax and 
 integrated metadata promote workflow scalability.
Creates crosshairs plots to summarize and analyse
    meta-analysis results. In due time this package will contain code
    that will create other kind of meta-analysis graphs.
Performs meta-analysis and meta-regression using standard and robust methods with confidence intervals based on the profile likelihood. Robust methods are based on alternative distributions for the random effect, either the t-distribution (Lee and Thompson, 2008 <doi:10.1002/sim.2897> or Baker and Jackson, 2008 <doi:10.1007/s10729-007-9041-8>) or mixtures of normals (Beath, 2014 <doi:10.1002/jrsm.1114>).
MetaQC implements our proposed quantitative quality
        control measures: (1) internal homogeneity of co-expression
        structure among studies (internal quality control; IQC); (2)
        external consistency of co-expression structure correlating
        with pathway database (external quality control; EQC); (3)
        accuracy of differentially expressed gene detection (accuracy
        quality control; AQCg) or pathway identification (AQCp); (4)
        consistency of differential expression ranking in genes
        (consistency quality control; CQCg) or pathways (CQCp). (See
        the reference for detailed explanation.) For each quality
        control index, the p-values from statistical hypothesis testing
        are minus log transformed and PCA biplots were applied to
        assist visualization and decision. Results generate systematic
        suggestions to exclude problematic studies in microarray
        meta-analysis and potentially can be extended to GWAS or other
        types of genomic meta-analysis. The identified problematic
        studies can be scrutinized to identify technical and biological
        causes (e.g. sample size, platform, tissue collection,
        preprocessing etc) of their bad quality or irreproducibility
        for final inclusion/exclusion decision.
Implementation of two p-value combination techniques (inverse normal and Fisher methods). A vignette is provided to explain how to perform a meta-analysis from two independent RNA-seq experiments.
A collection of functions for conducting meta-analysis using a
             structural equation modeling (SEM) approach via the 'OpenMx' and
             'lavaan' packages. It also implements the two-stage SEM approach
             to conduct meta-analytic structural equation modeling on
             correlation and covariance matrices.
The following methods are implemented to evaluate how sensitive the results of a meta-analysis are to potential bias in meta-analysis and to support Schwarzer et al. (2015) <DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-21416-0>, Chapter 5 "Small-Study Effects in Meta-Analysis":
 - Copas selection model described in Copas & Shi (2001) <DOI:10.1177/096228020101000402>;
 - limit meta-analysis by Rücker et al. (2011) <DOI:10.1093/biostatistics/kxq046>;
 - upper bound for outcome reporting bias by Copas & Jackson (2004) <DOI:10.1111/j.0006-341X.2004.00161.x>.
Functions for Meta-analysis Burden test, SKAT and SKAT-O. These methods use summary-level score statistics to carry out gene-based meta-analysis for rare variants.
This package fits meta regression models and generates a
        number of statistics: next to t- and z-tests, the likelihood
        ratio, bartlett corrected likelihood ratio and permutation
        tests are performed on the model coefficients.
This package allows doing meta-analysis for primary studies with classification outcomes in order to evaluate systematically the accuracies of classifiers, namely, the diagnostic tests. It provides functions to fit the bivariate model of Reitsma et al.(2005). Moreover, if the reference employed in the classification process isn't a gold standard, its deficit can be detected and its influence to the underestimation of the diagnostic test's accuracy can be corrected, as described in Botella et al.(2013).
Compute variance-covariance matrix for multivariate meta-analysis. Effect sizes include correlation (r), mean difference (MD), standardized mean difference (SMD), log odds ratio (logOR), log risk ratio (logRR), and risk difference (RD).
A compilation of functions to plot meta-analytic data using 'ggplot2'. Currently allows to 
    create forest plots, funnel plots, and many of their variants, such as rainforest plots and 
    additional evidence contour enhanced funnel plots. In addition, functionalities for visual funnel 
    plot inference are provided. In the near future, the 'metaviz' package will be extended by further, 
    established as well as novel, plotting options for visualizing meta-analytic data.
Spatio-temporal geostatistical mapping of meteorological data. Global spatio-temporal models calculated using publicly available data are stored in package.
Access to several Numerical Weather Prediction services both in raster format and as a time series for a location. Currently it works with GFS, MeteoGalicia, NAM, and RAP.
meteogram is a collection of programs for plotting
        meteograms for meteorological data such as atmospheric cross
        section, temperatures plots.
Functions to estimate weather variables at any position of a landscape.
Fit and plot macroecological patterns predicted by the Maximum
    Entropy Theory of Ecology (METE).
Functions for selection of visual meteor data, calculations of Zenithal Hourly Rate (ZHR) and population index, graphics of population index, ZHR and magnitude distribution.
Meth27QC is a tool for analyzing Illumina Infinium
        HumanMethylation27 BeadChip Data and generating QC reports.
        This package allows users quickly assess data quality of the
        Assay. Users can evaluate the data quality in the way that
        Illumina GenomeStudio/BeadStudio recommended based on the
        control probes. The package reads files exported from
        GenomeStudio/BeadStudio software, generating intensity and
        standard deviation plots grouped by the types of the control
        probes. Meth27 carries 40 control probes for staining,
        hybridization, target removal, extension, bisulfite conversion,
        specificity, negative and non-polymorphic controls. Details of
        those control probes can be found in the Infinium Assay for
        Methylation Protocol Guide from Illumina.We also used the other
        non-control probes to plot intensity of detected genes, signal
        average for green and red. Outliers can be identified.
Methods (standard and advanced) for analysis of agreement
        between measurement methods.
Implementation of the methodology from the paper titled
    "Effective plots to assess bias and precision in method comparison studies"
    published in Statistical Methods in Medical Research, P. Taffe (2016) <doi:10.1177/0962280216666667>.
It plots the output from Methpup (https://github.com/XinYang6699/Methpup)
Provides a univariate and several high dimensional multivariate test statistics for detecting differentially methylated regions based on MethylCap-seq data.
Metabolomics data are inevitably subject to a component of unwanted variation, due to factors such as batch effects, matrix effects, and confounding biological variation. This package contains a collection of R functions which can be used to remove unwanted variation and obtain normalized metabolomics data.
Split an untargeted metabolomics data set into a set of likely true 
    metabolites and a set of likely measurement artifacts. This process involves 
    comparing missing rates of pooled plasma samples and biological samples. The 
    functions assume a fixed injection order of samples where biological samples are 
    randomized and processed between intermittent pooled plasma samples. By comparing 
    patterns of missing data across injection order, metabolites that appear in blocks
    and are likely artifacts can be separated from metabolites that seem to have 
    random dispersion of missing data. The two main metrics used are: 1. the number of 
    consecutive blocks of samples with present data and 2. the correlation of missing rates 
    between biological samples and flanking pooled plasma samples.
An implementation of evaluation metrics in R that are commonly
             used in supervised machine learning. It implements metrics for
             regression, time series, binary classification, classification,
             and information retrieval problems. It has zero dependencies and
             a consistent, simple interface for all functions.
Provides an 'htmlwidgets' interface to the
    'MetricsGraphics.js' ('D3'-based) charting library which is geared towards
    displaying time-series data. Chart types include line charts, scatterplots,
    histograms and rudimentary bar charts. Support for laying out multiple charts
    into a grid layout is also provided. All charts are interactive and many
    have an option for line, label and region annotations.
Explore the behavior and statistical performance of 13 pre-defined
	phylogenetic metrics and 11 null models, and of user-defined metrics
	and null models, as detailed in Miller et al. (2017) <doi:10.1111/ecog.02070>.
Provides classes and calculation and plotting functions 
 for metrology applications, including measurement uncertainty estimation
 and inter-laboratory metrology comparison studies.
Implementation of various statistical models for multivariate
    event history data <doi:10.1007/s10985-013-9244-x>. Including multivariate
    cumulative incidence models <doi:10.1002/sim.6016>, and  bivariate random
    effects probit models (Liability models) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2015.01.014>.
    Also contains two-stage binomial modelling that can do pairwise odds-ratio
    dependence modelling based marginal logistic regression models. This is an
    alternative to the alternating logistic regression approach (ALR).
A tool for locating, mapping, and gathering environmental data and metadata, worldwide.  Users can search for and filter metadata from > 107,000 environmental monitoring stations among 219 countries/territories and >20 networks/organizations via elevation, location, active dates, elements measured (e.g., temperature, precipitation), country, network, and/or known identifier. Future updates to the package will allow the user to obtain datasets from stations within the database.
An easy to use Graphical User Interface for estimating sample sizes required for metabolomic experiments even when experimental pilot data is not available.
A diverse collection of metabolomics related statistical tools.
Exact simulation from max-stable processes and multivariate extreme value distributions for various parametric models. Threshold selection methods.
Computes the average of a sequence of random vectors
    in a moving expanding window using a fixed amount of storage
Fit flexible (excess) hazard regression models with the possibility of including non-proportional effects of covariables and of adding a random effect at the cluster level (corresponding to a shared frailty).
The method 'm:Explorer' associates a given list of target genes (e.g. those involved in a biological process) to gene regulators such as transcription factors. Transcription factors that bind DNA near significantly many target genes or correlate with target genes in transcriptional (microarray or RNAseq data) are selected. Selection of candidate master regulators is carried out using multinomial regression models, likelihood ratio tests and multiple testing correction. Reference: m:Explorer: multinomial regression models reveal positive and negative regulators of longevity in yeast quiescence. Juri Reimand, Anu Aun, Jaak Vilo, Juan M Vaquerizas, Juhan Sedman and Nicholas M Luscombe. Genome Biology (2012) 13:R55 <doi:10.1186/gb-2012-13-6-r55>.
MExPosition is for descriptive (i.e., fixed-effects)
        multi-table multivariate analysis the singular value
        decomposition.
Calculate MF (mitigated fraction) with clustering and bootstrap options. See http://goo.gl/pcXYVr for definition of MF.
Performs Multiple Factor Analysis method for quantitative, categorical, frequency and mixed data, in addition to generating a lot of graphics, also has other useful functions.
Applies the MultiFractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MFDFA) to time
  series. The MFDFA() function proposed in this package was used in Laib et al.
  (<doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2018.02.024> and <doi:10.1063/1.5022737>). See references 
  for more information.
Extracts meta-features from datasets to support the design of 
  recommendation systems based on Meta-Learning. The meta-features, also 
  called characterization measures, are able to characterize the complexity of 
  datasets and to provide estimates of algorithm performance. The package 
  contains not only the standard characterization measures, but also more 
  recent characterization measures. By making available a large set of 
  meta-feature extraction functions, this package allows a comprehensive data 
  characterization, a deep data exploration and a large number of 
  Meta-Learning based data analysis. These concepts are described in the book: 
  Brazdil, P., Giraud-Carrier, C., Soares, C., Vilalta, R. (2009) 
  <doi:10.1007/978-3-540-73263-1>.
Estimating GARCH-MIDAS (MIxed-DAta-Sampling) models (Engle, Ghysels, Sohn, 2013, <doi:10.1162/REST_a_00300>) and related statistical inference, accompanying the paper "Two are better than one: volatility forecasting using multiplicative component GARCH models" by Conrad and Kleen (2018, Working Paper, <doi:10.2139/ssrn.2752354>). The GARCH-MIDAS model decomposes the conditional variance of (daily) stock returns into a short- and long-term component, where the latter may depend on an exogenous covariate sampled at a lower frequency.
Multivariate functional halfspace depth and median for two-dimensional functional data.
The package implements several time series filters useful
        for smoothing and extracting trend and cyclical components of a
        time series. The routines are commonly used in economics and
        finance, however they should also be interest to other areas.
        Currently, Christiano-Fitzgerald, Baxter-King,
        Hodrick-Prescott, Butterworth, and trigonometric regression
        filters are included in the package.
Model-free knockoffs are a general procedure for controlling the false
  discovery rate (FDR) when performing variable selection. For more information,
  see the website below and the accompanying paper: Candes et al., 
  "Panning for Gold: Model-free Knockoffs for High-dimensional Controlled Variable Selection", 
  2016, <arXiv:1610.02351>.
Fractional polynomials are used to represent curvature in regression models. A key reference is Royston and Altman, 1994.
Calculate a multivariate functional principal component analysis
    for data observed on different dimensional domains. The estimation algorithm
    relies on univariate basis expansions for each element of the multivariate
    functional data  (Happ & Greven, 2018) <doi:10.1080/01621459.2016.1273115>. Multivariate and univariate functional data objects are
    represented by S4 classes for this type of data implemented in the package
    'funData'. For more details on the general concepts of both packages and a case study, see Happ (2018) <arXiv:1707.02129>.
Provides statistical tests and algorithms for the detection of change points in time series and point processes - particularly for changes in the mean in time series and for changes in the rate and in the variance in point processes. References - Michael Messer, Marietta Kirchner, Julia Schiemann, Jochen Roeper, Ralph Neininger and Gaby Schneider (2014) <doi:10.1214/14-AOAS782>, Stefan Albert, Michael Messer, Julia Schiemann, Jochen Roeper, Gaby Schneider (2017) <doi:10.1111/jtsa.12254>, Michael Messer, Kaue M. Costa, Jochen Roeper and Gaby Schneider (2017) <doi:10.1007/s10827-016-0635-3>.
Convenience functions for multivariate MCMC using univariate samplers including:
  slice sampler with stepout and shrinkage (Neal (2003) <DOI:10.1214/aos/1056562461>),
  adaptive rejection sampler (Gilks and Wild (1992) <DOI:10.2307/2347565>),
  adaptive rejection Metropolis (Gilks et al (1995) <DOI:10.2307/2986138>), and
  univariate Metropolis with Gaussian proposal.
Estimates probit, logit, Poisson, negative binomial, and beta regression models, returning their marginal effects, odds ratios, or incidence rate ratios as an output.
Procedures to simulate, estimate and diagnose MGARCH
    processes of BEKK and multivariate GJR (bivariate asymmetric GARCH
    model) specification.
Multiscale Graph Correlation (MGC) is a framework developed by Shen et al. (2017) <arXiv:1609.05148> that extends global correlation procedures to be multiscale; consequently, MGC tests typically require far fewer samples than existing methods for a wide variety of dependence structures and dimensionalities, while maintaining computational efficiency. Moreover, MGC provides a simple and elegant multiscale characterization of the potentially complex latent geometry underlying the relationship.
Generalized additive (mixed) models, some of their extensions and 
             other generalized ridge regression with multiple smoothing 
             parameter estimation by (Restricted) Marginal Likelihood, 
             Generalized Cross Validation and similar. Includes a gam() 
             function, a wide variety of smoothers, JAGS support and 
             distributions beyond the exponential family.
An aggressive dimensionality reduction and network estimation
    technique for a high-dimensional Gaussian graphical model (GGM). Please
    refer to: Efficient Dimensionality Reduction for High-Dimensional Network
    Estimation, Safiye Celik, Benjamin A. Logsdon, Su-In Lee, Proceedings of
    The 31st International Conference on Machine Learning, 2014, p. 1953--1961.
Provides functions that (1) fit multivariate discrete distributions, (2) generate random numbers from multivariate discrete distributions, and (3) run regression and penalized regression on the multivariate categorical response data.  Implemented models include: multinomial logit model, Dirichlet multinomial model, generalized Dirichlet multinomial model, and negative multinomial model. Making the best of the minorization-maximization (MM) algorithm and Newton-Raphson method, we derive and implement stable and efficient algorithms to find the maximum likelihood estimates. On a multi-core machine, multi-threading is supported.
Tools for univariate and multivariate generalized linear models with model averaging and null model technique.
Tools to download and organize large-scale, publicly available genomic studies on a candidate gene scale. Includes functions to integrate these data sources and compare features across candidate genes.
Estimation of k-Order time-varying Mixed Graphical Models and mixed VAR(p) models via elastic-net regularized neighborhood regression. For details see linked paper.
Extends distribution and density functions to parametric
        multivariate generalized Pareto distributions (MGPD of Type
        II), and provides fitting functions which calculate maximum
        likelihood estimates for bivariate and trivariate models. (Help
        is under progress)
Each function in the package performs three main functions
        i) it reads spatial data and produces basic graphs including
        pie chart, bar chart, box plots, histogram, scatter plots, and
        lines ii)it reads non-spatial data such as "csv", "txt", "dat"
        data and produces basic graphs and iii) it plots map(s) of the
        input attribute(s) of spatial data by setting "type" parameter
        to "map"
Convenience Functions for R Language Access to the v.1 API of the MG-RAST Metagenome Annotation Server, part of the US Department of Energy (DOE) Systems Biology Knowledge Base (KBase).
Implements Multi-Group Sparse Discriminant Analysis proposal of I.Gaynanova, J.Booth and M.Wells (2015), Simultaneous sparse estimation of canonical vectors in the p>>N setting, JASA, to appear,[DOI:10.1080/01621459.2015.1034318].
Designed to enable simultaneous substitution in strings in a safe fashion.
    Safe means it does not rely on placeholders (which can cause errors in same length matches).
Performs gene set analysis based on GSZ scoring function and asymptotic p-value. It is different from GSZ in that it implements asymptotic p-values instead of empirical p-values. Asymptotic p-values are calculated by fitting suitable distribution model to the null distribution. Unlike empirical p-values, resolution of asymptotic p-values are independent of the number of permutations and hence requires considerably fewer permutations. In addition, this package allows gene set analysis with seven other popular gene set analysis methods.
Functions for computing (Mixed) Geographycally Weighted Regression with spatial autocorrelation, Geniaux and Martinetti (2017) <doi:10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2017.04.001>.
Performs general Metropolis-Hastings Markov Chain Monte
        Carlo sampling of a user defined function which returns the
        un-normalized value (likelihood times prior) of a Bayesian
        model.  The proposal variance-covariance structure is updated
        adaptively for efficient mixing when the structure of the
        target distribution is unknown.  The package also provides some
        functions for Bayesian inference including Bayesian Credible
        Intervals (BCI) and Deviance Information Criterion (DIC)
        calculation.
Ten tools for analysis of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) data in non-
    model species. The functions are tailored for amplicon data sets that have been 
    filtered using the 'dada2' method (for more information visit 
    <https://benjjneb.github.io/dada2>), but even other data sets can be analysed, 
    if the data tables are formatted according to the description in each function.
    The ReplMatch() function matches replicates in data sets in order to evaluate 
    genotyping success.
    The GetReplTable() and GetReplStats() functions perform such an evaluation.
    The HpltFind() function infers putative haplotypes from families in the data 
    set. 
    The GetHpltTable() and GetHpltStats() functions evaluate the accuracy of 
    the haplotype inference.
    The PapaDiv() function compares parent pairs in the data set and calculate their 
    joint MHC diversity, taking into account sequence variants that occur in both 
    parents.
    The MeanPdist() function calculates the mean p-distance from pairwise 
    comparisons sequences in each sample in a data set. The function includes the 
    option to specify which codons to compare.
    The CreateFas() function creates a fasta file with all the sequences in the data 
    set.
    The CreateSamplesFas() function creates a fasta file for each sample in the data 
    set.
Implementation of a goodness-of-fit test for normality using the Minimum Hellinger Distance.
Runs a minimum-hypergeometric (mHG) test as described in: Eden, E. (2007). Discovering Motifs in Ranked Lists of DNA Sequences. Haifa.
Parameter estimation and prediction for hidden Markov and semi-Markov models for data with multiple observation sequences.  Suitable for equidistant time series data, with multivariate and/or missing data. Allows user defined emission distributions.
Multiple Hypothesis Testing For Variable Selection in high dimensional linear models. This package performs variable selection with multiple hypothesis testing, either for ordered variable selection or non-ordered variable selection. In both cases, a sequential procedure is performed. It starts to test the null hypothesis "no variable is relevant"; if this hypothesis is rejected, it then tests "only the first variable is relevant", and so on until the null hypothesis is accepted.
A framework for multiple hypothesis testing based on distribution
    of p values. It is well known that the p values come from different
    distribution for null and alternatives, in this package we provide
    functions to detect that change. We provide a method for using the change
    in distribution of p values as a way to detect the true signals in the
    data.
Implements tests controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) / family-wise error rate (FWER) for some copula models.
A comprehensive tool for almost all existing multiple testing
    methods for discrete data. The package also provides some novel multiple testing
    procedures controlling FWER/FDR for discrete data. Given discrete p-values
    and their domains, the [method].p.adjust function returns adjusted p-values,
    which can be used to compare with the nominal significant level alpha and make
    decisions. For users' convenience, the functions also provide the output option 
    for printing decision rules.
A Comprehensive tool for almost all existing multiple testing
    methods for multiple families. The package summarizes the existing methods for multiple families multiple testing procedures (MTPs) such as double FDR, group Benjamini-Hochberg (GBH) procedure and average FDR controlling procedure. The package also provides some novel multiple testing procedures using selective inference idea.
Spontaneous adverse event reports have a high potential for detecting adverse drug reactions. However, due to their dimension, the analysis of such databases requires statistical methods. We propose to use a logistic regression whose sparsity is viewed as a model selection challenge. Since the model space is huge, a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm carries out the model selection by maximizing the BIC criterion.
The mi package provides functions for data manipulation, imputing missing values in an approximate Bayesian framework, diagnostics of the models used to generate the imputations, confidence-building mechanisms to validate some of the assumptions of the imputation algorithm, and functions to analyze multiply imputed data sets with the appropriate degree of sampling uncertainty.
Tools for training, selecting, and evaluating maximum entropy
    (Maxent) distribution models. This package provides tools for user-
    controlled transformation of explanatory variables, selection of variables
    by nested model comparison,  and flexible model evaluation and projection.
    It is based on the strict maximum likelihood interpretation of maximum
    entropy modelling.
Multiple imputation using Fully Conditional Specification (FCS)
    implemented by the MICE algorithm as described in Van Buuren and
    Groothuis-Oudshoorn (2011) <doi:10.18637/jss.v045.i03>. Each variable has
    its own imputation model. Built-in imputation models are provided for
    continuous data (predictive mean matching, normal), binary data (logistic
    regression), unordered categorical data (polytomous logistic regression)
    and ordered categorical data (proportional odds). MICE can also impute
    continuous two-level data (normal model, pan, second-level variables).
    Passive imputation can be used to maintain consistency between variables.
    Various diagnostic plots are available to inspect the quality of the
    imputations.
Contains some auxiliary functions for multiple 
    imputation which complements existing functionality 
    in R.
    In addition to some utility functions, main features
    include plausible value imputation, multilevel 
    imputation functions (arbitrary number of levels, 
    hierarchical and non-hierarchical datasets), 
    imputation using partial least squares (PLS) for 
    high dimensional predictors, and nested multiple 
    imputation.
Various tools for microeconomic analysis and microeconomic modelling,
   e.g. estimating quadratic, Cobb-Douglas and Translog functions,
   calculating partial derivatives and elasticities of these functions,
   and calculating Hessian matrices, checking curvature
   and preparing restrictions for imposing monotonicity of Translog functions.
Functions and tools
   for analysing consumer demand
   with the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS)
   suggested by Deaton and Muellbauer (1980).
Tools for economic analysis and economic modelling
   with a Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) function
Tools for calculating Laspeyres, Paasche, and Fisher
  price and quantity indices.
Production analysis with the Symmetric Normalized Quadratic (SNQ) profit function
Extends and builds on the 'mice' package by
	adding a functionality to perform multivariate predictive mean matching on
	imputed data as well as new functionalities to perform predictive mean
	matching on factor variables.
Fast imputations under the object-oriented programming paradigm.
	There was used quantitative models with a closed-form solution. Thus package is based on linear algebra operations.
	The biggest improvement in time performance could be achieve for a calculation where a grouping variable have to be used.
	A single evaluation of a quantitative model for the multiple imputations is another major enhancement.
	Moreover there are offered a few functions built to work with popular R packages such as 'data.table'.
Addons for the 'mice' package to perform multiple imputation using chained equations with two-level data. Includes imputation methods specifically handling sporadically and systematically missing values. Imputation of continuous, binary or count variables are available. Following the recommendations of Audigier, V. et al (2017) <arXiv:1702.00971>, the choice of the imputation method for each variable can be facilitated by a default choice tuned according to the structure of the incomplete dataset. Allows parallel calculation for 'mice'.
Provides imputation models and functions for binary or continuous Missing Not At Random (MNAR) outcomes through the use of the 'mice' package. The mice.impute.hecknorm() function provides imputation model for continuous outcome based on Heckman's model also named sample selection model as described in Galimard et al (2016) <doi:10.1002/sim.6902>. The mice.impute.heckprob() function provides imputation model for binary outcome based on bivariate probit model.
A procedure for comparing multivariate samples associated with
    different groups. It uses principal component analysis to convert
    multivariate observations into a set of linearly uncorrelated statistical
    measures, which are then compared using a number of statistical methods. The
    procedure is independent of the distributional properties of samples and
    automatically selects features that best explain their differences, avoiding
    manual selection of specific points or summary statistics. It is appropriate
    for comparing samples of time series, images, spectrometric measures or
    similar multivariate observations.
Fits Semiparametric Promotion Time Cure Models, taking into account (using a 
			 corrected score approach or the SIMEX algorithm) or not the measurement error
			 in the covariates, using a backfitting approach to maximize the likelihood.
A nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm based on the echolocation behavior of microbats that uses frequency tuning to optimize problems in both continuous and discrete dimensions. This R package makes it easy to implement the standard bat algorithm on any user-supplied function. The algorithm was first developed by Xin-She Yang in 2010 (<DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-12538-6_6>, <DOI:10.1109/CINTI.2014.7028669>).
Provides infrastructure to accurately measure and compare
        the execution time of R expressions.
Functions for assigning 16S sequence data to a
    taxonomic level in the tree-of-life for prokaryotes.
The consensus taxonomy for prokaryotes is a set of data-sets for
    best possible taxonomic classification based on 16S rRNA sequence data.
Provides utilities for reading and processing microdata from Spanish official statistics with R.
The 'Microsoft Academic Knowledge' API provides programmatic access
		to scholarly articles in the 'Microsoft Academic Graph'
		(<https://academic.microsoft.com/>). Includes methods matching all 'Microsoft
		Academic' API routes, including search, graph search, text similarity, and
		interpret natural language query string.
Most multilevel methodologies can only model macro-micro
    multilevel situations in an unbiased way, wherein group-level predictors
    (e.g., city temperature) are used to predict an individual-level
    outcome variable (e.g., citizen personality). In contrast,
    this R package enables researchers to model micro-macro situations, wherein
    individual-level (micro) predictors (and other group-level predictors) are
    used to predict a group-level (macro) outcome variable in an unbiased way.
This group of functions simplifies the creation of linked micromap
    plots.
Provides the users with the ability to quickly create Linked 
     Micromap plots for a collection of geographic areas.  
     Linked Micromaps are visualizations of georeferenced data that link statistical
     graphics to an organized series of small maps or graphic images. 
     The Help description contains examples of how to use the micromapST function.
     Contained in this package are border group datasets to support creating micromaps for the 
     50 U.S. states and District of Columbia (51 areas), the U. S. 20 Seer Registries, 
     the 105 counties in the state of Kansas, the 62 counties of New York,
     the 24 counties of Maryland, the 29 counties of Utah, the 32 administrative areas 
     in China, the 218 administrative areas in the UK and Ireland (for testing only), 
     the 25 districts in the city of Seoul South Korea, and the 52 counties on the Africa 
     continent.
     A border group dataset contains the boundaries related to the data level areas, 
     a second layer boundaries, a top or third layer boundary, a parameter list of 
     run options, and a cross indexing table between area names, abbreviations, 
     numeric identification and alias matching strings for the specific geographic
     area.  By specifying a border group, the package create micromaps for any
     geographic region.  The user can create and provide their own border group dataset 
     for any area beyond the areas contained within the package.
     Copyrighted 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 by Carr, Pearson and Pickle.
A collection of functions for computations and visualizations of microbial pan-genomes.
The microplot function writes a set of R graphics files to be used as
  microplots (sparklines) in tables in either 'LaTeX', 'HTML', 'Word',
  or 'Excel' files.  For 'LaTeX', we provide methods for the
  Hmisc::latex() generic function to construct 'latex' tabular
  environments which include the graphs.  These can be used directly
  with the operating system 'pdflatex' or 'latex' command, or by using
  one of 'Sweave', 'knitr', 'rmarkdown', or 'Emacs org-mode' as an
  intermediary.  For 'MS Word', the msWord() function uses the
  'ReporteRs' package to construct 'Word' tables which include the
  graphs.  There are several distinct approaches for constructing HTML
  files.  The simplest is to use the msWord() function with argument
  filetype="html".  Alternatively, use either 'Emacs org-mode' or the
  htmlTable::htmlTable() function to construct an 'HTML' file
  containing tables which include the graphs.  See the documentation
  for our as.htmlimg() function.  For 'Excel' use on 'Windows', the
  file examples/irisExcel.xls includes 'VBA' code which brings the
  individual panels into individual cells in the spreadsheet.
  Examples in the examples and demo subdirectories are shown with
  'lattice' graphics, 'ggplot2' graphics, and 'base' graphics.
  Examples for 'LaTeX' include 'Sweave' (both 'LaTeX'-style and
  'Noweb'-style), 'knitr', 'emacs org-mode', and 'rmarkdown' input
  files and their 'pdf' output files.  Examples for 'HTML' include
  'org-mode' and 'Rmd' input files and their webarchive 'HTML' output
  files.  In addition, the as.orgtable() function can display a
  data.frame in an 'org-mode' document.  The examples for 'MS Word'
  (with either filetype="docx" or filetype="html") work with all
  operating systems.  The package does not require the installation of
  'LaTeX' or 'MS Word' to be able to write '.tex' or '.docx' files.
Modelling interacting microbial populations - example applications
    include human gut microbiota, rumen microbiota and phytoplankton. Solves a
    system of ordinary differential equations to simulate microbial growth and
    resource uptake over time.
Find optimal microsampling designs for non-compartmental pharacokinetic analysis using a  general simulation methodology:
  Algorithm III of Barnett, Helen, Helena Geys, Tom Jacobs, and Thomas Jaki. (2017) "Optimal Designs for Non-Compartmental
  Analysis of Pharmacokinetic Studies. (currently unpublished)"
  This methodology consist of (1) specifying a pharmacokinetic model
  including variability among animals; (2) generating possible sampling times; (3)
  evaluating performance of each time point choice on simulated data; (4)
  generating possible schemes given a time point choice and additional constraints
  and finally (5) evaluating scheme performance on simulated data. The default
  settings differ from the article of Barnett and others, in the default pharmacokinetic model used and
  the parameterization of variability among animals. Details can be found in the package vignette. A 'shiny'
  web application is included, which guides users from model parametrization to
  optimal microsampling scheme.
Basic functions for microbial sequence data analysis. The idea is to use the basic R data structures as much as possible, without building complex data types.
Deploys your R Analytic to MicroStrategy
A generalization of the 'Synth' package that is designed
 for data at a more granular level (e.g., micro-level). Provides
 functions to construct weights (including propensity score-type
 weights) and run analyses for synthetic control methods with
 micro- and meso-level data; see Robbins, Saunders, and Kilmer 
 (2017) <doi:10.1080/01621459.2016.1213634>.
This entry-level toolkit allows performing continuous-time microsimulation for a wide range of demographic applications. Individual life-courses are specified by a continuous-time multi-state model.
Contains functions for converting existing HTML/JavaScript
   source into equivalent 'shiny' functions. Bootstraps the process of making
   new 'shiny' functions by allowing us to turn HTML snippets directly into 
   R functions.
Methods and tools for mixed frequency time series data analysis.
    Allows estimation, model selection and forecasting for MIDAS regressions.
Contains the function mice.impute.midastouch(). Technically this function is to be run from within the 'mice' package (van Buuren et al. 2011), type ??mice. It substitutes the method 'pmm' within mice by 'midastouch'. The authors have shown that 'midastouch' is superior to default 'pmm'. Many ideas are based on Siddique / Belin 2008's  MIDAS.
Implementation of the mid-n algorithms presented in 
             Wellek S (2015) <DOI:10.1111/stan.12063> Statistica Neerlandica 69, 358-373 for exact 
             sample size calculation for superiority trials with binary outcome.
Apply tests of multiple comparisons based on studentized midrange
    and range distributions. The tests are: Tukey Midrange test, Student-Newman-
    Keuls Midrange test, Skott-Knott Midrange test and Skott-Knott Range test.
Functions for implementing species dispersal into projections
             of species distribution models (e.g. under climate change scenarios).
Indirect methods for estimating bilateral migration flows in the presence of partial or missing data. Methods might be relevant to other categorical data situations on non-migration data, where for example, marginal totals are known and only auxiliary bilateral data is available.
This package provides various indices, like Crude Migration Rate,
    different Gini indices or the Coefficient of Variation among others, to
    show the (un)equality of migration.
This GUI for the mi package walks the user through the steps of multiple imputation and the analysis of completed data.
We report an information-theoretic method which learns a large class of causal or non-causal graphical models from purely observational data, while including the effects of unobserved latent variables, commonly found in many datasets. Starting from a complete graph, the method iteratively removes dispensable edges, by uncovering significant information contributions from indirect paths, and assesses edge-specific confidences from randomization of available data. The remaining edges are then oriented based on the signature of causality in observational data. This approach can be applied on a wide range of datasets and provide new biological insights on regulatory networks from single cell expression data, genomic alterations during tumor development and co-evolving residues in protein structures. For more information you can refer to: Verny et al. Plos Comput Biol. (2017) <doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005662>.
Implements multiple imputation for proportional hazards regression
    with interval censored data or proportional sub-distribution hazards
    regression for interval censored competing risks data. The main functions
    allow to estimate survival function, cumulative incidence function, Cox
    and Fine & Gray regression coefficients and associated variance-covariance
    matrix. 'MIICD' functions call 'Surv', 'survfit' and 'coxph' from the
    'survival' package, 'crprep' from the 'mstate' package, and 'mvrnorm' from
    the 'MASS' package.
Functions for estimating structural equation models using 
    instrumental variables.
The MILC package is designed to predict individual trajectories using the continuous time microsimulation model MILC, that describes the natural history of lung cancer.
A variety of association tests for microbiome data analysis including Quasi-Conditional Association Tests (QCAT) described in Tang Z.-Z. et al.(2017) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw804> and Zero-Inflated Generalized Dirichlet Multinomial (ZIGDM) tests described in Tang Z.-Z. & Chen G. (2017, submitted).
The multiple instance data set consists of many independent
    subjects (called bags) and each subject is composed of several components
    (called instances). The outcomes of such data set are binary or categorical responses,
    and, we can only observe the subject-level outcomes. For example, in manufacturing
    processes, a subject is labeled as "defective" if at least one of its own
    components is defective, and otherwise, is labeled as "non-defective". The
    'milr' package focuses on the predictive model for the multiple instance
    data set with binary outcomes and performs the maximum likelihood estimation
    with the Expectation-Maximization algorithm under the framework of logistic
    regression. Moreover, the LASSO penalty is attached to the likelihood function
    for simultaneous parameter estimation and variable selection.
Guesses the MIME type from a filename extension using the data
    derived from /etc/mime.types in UNIX-type systems.
Tools to combine results for multiply-imputed data using
        mixture approximations
66 data sets that were imported using read.table() where appropriate but more commonly after converting to a csv file for importing via read.csv().
Convert Markdown ('.md') or Rmarkdown ('.Rmd') files into FreeMind mindmap ('.mm') files, and vice versa. FreeMind mindmap ('.mm') files can be opened by or imported to common mindmap software such as 'FreeMind' (<http://freemind.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page>) and 'XMind' (<http://www.xmind.net>).
Wrapper for 'minepy' implementation of Maximal
        Information-based Nonparametric Exploration statistics (MIC and
        MINE family). Detailed information of the ANSI C implementation of
	'minepy' can be found at <http://minepy.readthedocs.io/en/latest>.
This package implements the core idea of games known as
        'Minesweeper' on Microsoft Windows or 'KMines' for KDE on
        Unix-like operating systems.
Makes it possible to create an internally consistent
    repository consisting of selected packages from CRAN-like repositories.
    The user specifies a set of desired packages, and 'miniCRAN' recursively
    reads the dependency tree for these packages, then downloads only this
    subset. The user can then install packages from this repository directly,
    rather than from CRAN.  This is useful in production settings, e.g. server
    behind a firewall, or remote locations with slow (or zero) Internet access.
Quick and simple Tcl/Tk Graphical User Interface 
  to call functions. Also comprises a very simple experimental 
  GUI framework.
Generate central composite designs (CCD)with full as well 
    as fractional factorial points (half replicate) and Box Behnken 
    designs (BBD) with minimally changed run sequence.
Create tile grid maps, which are like choropleth maps except each
  region is represented with equal visual space.
The minimax family of distributions is a two-parameter
        family like the beta family, but computationally a lot more
        tractible.
Provides two main functions: mMcPSO() and
    miniMaxPro(), which generates minimax designs and minimax projection designs using
    a hybrid clustering - particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. These designs can be used
    in a variety of settings, e.g., as space-filling designs for computer experiments or
    sensor allocation designs. A detailed description of the two designs and the employed
    algorithms can be found in Mak and Joseph (2017) <DOI:10.1080/10618600.2017.1302881>.
A binding to the minimist JavaScript library. This module implements
    the guts of optimist's argument parser without all the fanciful decoration.
Provides UI widget and layout functions for writing Shiny apps
    that work well on small screens.
The nls.lm function provides an R interface to lmder and lmdif from the MINPACK library, for solving nonlinear least-squares problems by a modification of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, with support for lower and upper parameter bounds.  The implementation can be used via nls-like calls using the nlsLM function.
Package minPtest is designed for estimating a gene region-level summary for SNP data from case-control studies using a permutation-based resampling method, called min P test, allowing execution on a compute cluster or multicore computer.
Derivative-free optimization by quadratic approximation
        based on an interface to Fortran implementations by M. J. D.
        Powell.
This package offers three important components: (1) to construct a use-defined linear mixed model, (2) to employ one of linear mixed model approaches: minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) (Rao, 1971) for variance component estimation and random effect prediction; and (3) to employ a jackknife resampling technique to conduct various statistical tests. In addition, this package provides the function for model or data evaluations.This R package offers fast computations for large data sets analyses for various irregular data structures.
Learns direct microbe-microbe interaction networks using a Poisson
    multivariate-normal hierarchical model with an L1 penalized precision
    matrix. Optimization is carried out using an iterative conditional modes
    algorithm.
For a given set of stoichiometric reactions, this package
    evaluates the mass and charge balance, extracts all reactants, products, orphan
    metabolites, metabolite names and compartments. Also are included some options
    to characterize and write models in TSV and SBML formats.
This package implements entropy optimization distribution
        under specified constraints. It also offers an R interface to
        the MinxEnt and MaxEnt distributions.
An implementation of the iterative proportional fitting (IPFP), 
    maximum likelihood, minimum chi-square and weighted least squares procedures
    for updating a N-dimensional array with respect to given target marginal 
    distributions (which, in turn can be multidimensional). The package also
    provides an application of the IPFP to simulate multivariate Bernoulli
    distributions.
This package contains functions to carry out processing of
        high throughput data analysis and detection of putative
        hits/mutants.  Contents include a function for post-hoc quality
        control for removal of outlier sample sets, a median-based
        normalization method for use in datasets where there are no
        explicit controls and where most of the responses are of the
        wildtype/no response class (see accompanying paper).  The
        package also includes a way to prioritize individuals of
        interest using am empirical cumulative distribution function.
        Methods for generating synthetic data as well as data from the
        Chloroplast 2010 project are included.
This package collects algorithms/functions developed for
        microRNA profiling data analyses.  Analytical platforms include
        traditional hybridization microarray, CGH, beads-based
        microarray, and qRT-PCR array.
An adaptive normalization algorithm that selects housekeeping genes
    based on the sample level variability in the data. This is suitable for any data
    obtained from RT-qPCR assays.  A manuscript describing the method is submitted 
    to Genome Biology under ``MiRA-norm: An Adaptive Method for the Normalization of MicroRNA Array Data``, Yuda Zhu et al.
Test for overall association between microbiome composition data with a continuous or dichotomous outcome via phylogenetic kernels. The phenotype can be univariate continuous or binary phenotypes (Zhao et al. (2015) <doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.04.003>), survival outcomes (Plantinga et al. (2017) <doi:10.1186/s40168-017-0239-9>), multivariate (Zhan et al. (2017) <doi:10.1002/gepi.22030>) and structured phenotypes (Zhan et al. (2017) <doi:10.1111/biom.12684>). For all these effect, the microbiome community effect was modeled nonparametrically through a kernel function, which can incorporate the phylogenetic tree information.
Implements a variable selection and prediction method for high-dimensional data with missing entries following the paper Liu et al. (2016) <doi:10.1214/15-AOAS899>. It deals with missingness by multiple imputation and produces a selection probability for each variable following stability selection. The user can further choose a threshold for the selection probability to select a final set of variables. The threshold can be picked by cross validation or the user can define a practical threshold for selection probability. If you find this work useful for your application, please cite the method paper.
Machine learning method specifically designed for
    pre-miRNA prediction. It takes advantage of unlabeled sequences to improve
    the prediction rates even when there are just a few positive examples, when
    the negative examples are unreliable or are not good representatives of
    its class. Furthermore, the method can automatically search for negative
    examples if the user is unable to provide them. MiRNAss can find a good
    boundary to divide the pre-miRNAs from other groups of sequences; it
    automatically optimizes the threshold that defines the classes boundaries,
    and thus, it is robust to high class imbalance. Each step of the method is
    scalable and can handle large volumes of data.
The tools for 'MicroRNA Set Enrichment Analysis' can identify risk pathways(or prior gene sets) regulated by microRNA set in the context of microRNA expression data. (1) This package constructs a correlation profile of microRNA and pathways by the hypergeometric statistic test. The gene sets of pathways derived from the three public databases (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes ('KEGG'); 'Reactome'; 'Biocarta') and the target gene sets of microRNA are provided by four databases('TarBaseV6.0'; 'mir2Disease'; 'miRecords'; 'miRTarBase';). (2) This package can quantify the change of correlation between microRNA for each pathway(or prior gene set) based on a microRNA expression data with cases and controls. (3) This package uses the weighted Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic to calculate an enrichment score (ES) of a microRNA set that co-regulate to a pathway , which reflects the degree to which a given pathway is associated with the specific phenotype. (4) This package can provide the visualization of the results.
Analysis of dichotomous and polytomous response data using
    unidimensional and multidimensional latent trait models under the Item
    Response Theory paradigm (Chalmers (2012) <doi:10.18637/jss.v048.i06>). 
    Exploratory and confirmatory models can be estimated with quadrature (EM) 
    or stochastic (MHRM) methods. Confirmatory
    bi-factor and two-tier analyses are available for modeling item testlets.
    Multiple group analysis and mixed effects designs also are available for
    detecting differential item and test functioning as well as modelling
    item and person covariates. Finally, latent class models such as the DINA,
    DINO, multidimensional latent class, and several other discrete latent
    variable models, including mixture and zero-inflated response models, 
    are supported.
Provides tools to generate an HTML interface for creating adaptive
    and non-adaptive educational and psychological tests using the shiny
    package (Chalmers (2016) <doi:10.18637/jss.v071.i05>). 
    Suitable for applying unidimensional and multidimensional
    computerized adaptive tests (CAT) using item response theory methodology and for
    creating simple questionnaires forms to collect response data directly in R.
    Additionally, optimal test designs (e.g., "shadow testing") are supported
    for tests which contain a large number of item selection constraints.
    Finally, package contains tools useful for performing Monte Carlo simulations 
    for studying the behavior of computerized adaptive test banks.
A collection of miscellaneous 3d plots, including
        isosurfaces.
Various functions for random number generation, density 
             estimation, classification, curve fitting, and spatial 
             data analysis.
Implementing various things including functions for LaTeX tables,
    the Kalman filter, web scraping, development tools, relative risk and odds
    ratio.
Estimates models that extend the standard GLM to take
    misclassification into account. The models require side information from a secondary data set
    on the misclassification process, i.e. some sort of misclassification
    probabilities conditional on some common covariates.
    A detailed description of the algorithm can be found in
    Dlugosz, Mammen and Wilke (2015) \url{http://www.zew.de/PU70410}.
Statistical test for the product-moment correlation coefficient based on H0: rho = rho0 
             including sample size computation, statistical test for comparing the product-moment 
             correlation coefficient in independent ad dependent samples, sequential triangular
             test for the product-moment correlation coefficient, partial and semipartial correlation,
             simulation of bivariate normal and non-normal distribution with a specified correlation.
A collection of miscellaneous methods to simplify various tasks,
  including plotting, data.frame and matrix transformations, environment
  functions, regular expression methods, and string and logical operations, as
  well as numerical and statistical tools. Most of the methods are simple but
  useful wrappers of common base R functions, which extend S3 generics or
  provide default values for important parameters.
Miscellaneous small tools and utilities.
   Many of them facilitate the work with matrices,
   e.g. inserting rows or columns, creating symmetric matrices,
   or checking for semidefiniteness.
   Other tools facilitate the work with regression models,
   e.g. extracting the standard errors,
   obtaining the number of (estimated) parameters,
   or calculating R-squared values.
Clears the workspace. Useful for the beginnings of R scripts, to
    avoid potential problems with accidentally using information from variables
    or functions from previous script evaluations, too many figure windows open
    at the same time, packages that you don't need any more, or a cluttered
    console.  Uses code from various StackOverflow users.  See help(mise) for
    pointers to the relevant StackOverflow pages.
An efficient approach for fishing out the dual (or multiple)
    isotope labeled analytes using dual labeling of metabolites for 
    metabolome analysis (DLEMMA) approach, described in Liron (2009) <doi:10.1021/ac901495a>.
Generates multivariate imputations using sequential regression with L2 penalty. For more details see Zahid and Heumann (2018) <doi:10.1177/0962280218755574>.
There is an increasing interest in investigating how the compositions of microbial communities are associated with human health and disease. In this package, we present a novel global testing method called aMiSPU, that is highly adaptive and thus high powered across various scenarios, alleviating the issue with the choice of a phylogenetic distance. Our simulations and real data analysis demonstrated that aMiSPU test was often more powerful than several competing methods while correctly controlling type I error rates.
Enables investigation of the predictors of misreporting on sensitive survey questions through a multivariate list experiment regression method. The method permits researchers to model whether a survey respondent's answer to the sensitive item in a list experiment is different from his or her answer to an analogous direct question.
Implements two methods: a nonparametric risk adjustment and a
    data imputation method that use general population mortality tables to allow a
    correct analysis of time to disease recurrence. Also includes a powerful set of
    object oriented survival data simulation functions.
The function 'missForest' in this package is used to
        impute missing values particularly in the case of mixed-type
        data. It uses a random forest trained on the observed values of
        a data matrix to predict the missing values. It can be used to
        impute continuous and/or categorical data including complex
        interactions and non-linear relations. It yields an out-of-bag
        (OOB) imputation error estimate without the need of a test set
        or elaborate cross-validation. It can be run in parallel to 
        save computation time.
Provides numeric and graphical
    summaries for the missing values from both categorical
    and quantitative variables. A variety of imputation
    methods are applied, including the univariate imputations
    like fixed or random values, multivariate imputations
    like the nearest neighbors and multiple imputations,
    and imputations conditioned on a categorical variable.
Imputation of incomplete continuous or categorical datasets; Missing values are imputed with a principal component analysis (PCA), a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) model or a multiple factor analysis (MFA) model; Perform multiple imputation with and in PCA or MCA.
To test whether the missing data mechanism, in a set of incompletely observed data, is one of missing completely at random (MCAR). 
             For detailed description see Jamshidian, M. Jalal, S., and Jansen, C. (2014). "MissMech: An R Package for Testing Homoscedasticity, Multivariate Normality, and Missing Completely at Random (MCAR)," Journal of Statistical Software,  56(6), 1-31. URL http://www.jstatsoft.org/v56/i06/.
Alternative implementation of the beautiful 'MissForest' algorithm used to impute mixed-type data sets by chaining tree ensembles, introduced by Stekhoven, D.J. and Buehlmann, P. (2012) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btr597>. Under the hood, it uses the lightning fast random jungle package 'ranger'. Between the iterative model fitting, we offer the option of using predictive mean matching. This firstly avoids imputation with values not already present in the original data (like a value 0.3334 in 0-1 coded variable). Secondly, predictive mean matching tries to raise the variance in the resulting conditional distributions to a realistic level. This would allow e.g. to do multiple imputation when repeating the call to missRanger().
Test for association between a set of SNPS/genes and
        continuous or binary outcomes by including variant
        characteristic information and using (weighted) score
        statistics.
Provide all the data sets and statistical analysis applications used in "Modern Industrial Statistics: with applications in R, MINITAB and JMP" by R.S. Kenett and S. Zacks with contributions by D. Amberti, John Wiley and Sons, 2013, which is a second revised and expanded revision of "Modern Industrial Statistics: Design and Control of Quality and Reliability", R. Kenett and S. Zacks, Duxbury/Wadsworth Publishing, 1998.
Various reliability analysis methods for rare event inference: 
    1) computing failure probability (probability that the output of a numerical model exceeds a threshold),
    2) computing quantiles of low or high-order,
    3) Wilks formula to compute quantile(s) from a sample or the size of the required i.i.d. sample.
Flexible multivariate function approximation using adapted
        Mixture of Student t Distributions. Mixture of t distribution
        is obtained using Importance Sampling weighted Expectation
        Maximization algorithm.
Provides tools for multiple imputation of missing data in multilevel
 modeling. Includes a user-friendly interface to the packages 'pan' and 'jomo',
 and several functions for visualization, data management and the analysis 
 of multiply imputed data sets.
Tools to perform analyses and combine results from
        multiple-imputation datasets.
Implements the Mittag-Leffler function, distribution,
  random variate generation, and estimation. Based on the Laplace-Inversion
  algorithm by Garrappa, R. (2015) <doi:10.1137/140971191>.
Estimation/multiple imputation programs for mixed categorical
    and continuous data.
Contains a mixture of statistical methods including the MCMC methods to analyze normal mixtures. Additionally, model based clustering methods are implemented to perform classification based on (multivariate) longitudinal (or otherwise correlated) data. The basis for such clustering is a mixture of multivariate generalized linear mixed models.
Algorithms and methods for model-based clustering and classification.
 It supports various types of data: continuous, categorical and counting
 and can handle mixed data of these types. It can fit Gaussian (with diagonal
 covariance structure), gamma, categorical and Poisson models. The algorithms
 also support missing values. This package can be used as an independent alternative to the
 (not free) 'mixtcomp' software available at <https://massiccc.lille.inria.fr/>.
Mixed effects cumulative and baseline logit link models
        for the analysis of ordinal or nominal responses, with
        non-parametric distribution for the random effects
Fit finite mixture distribution models to grouped data and conditional data by maximum likelihood using a combination of a Newton-type algorithm and the EM algorithm.
Missing data imputation for continuous and categorical data, using nonparametric Bayesian joint models (specifically the hierarchically coupled mixture model with local dependence described in Murray and Reiter (2015); see 'citation("MixedDataImpute")' or http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.0438). See '?hcmm_impute' for example usage.
Fits mixed membership models with discrete multivariate data (with
    or without repeated measures) following the general framework of Erosheva et al
    (2004). This package uses a Variational EM approach by approximating the
    posterior distribution of latent memberships and selecting hyperparameters
    through a pseudo-MLE procedure. Currently supported data types are
    Bernoulli, multinomial and rank (Plackett-Luce). The extended GoM model with fixed stayers from Erosheva et al     (2007) is now also supported. See Airoldi et al (2014) for other examples of mixed membership models.
The estimation of the parameters in mixed Poisson models.
Tools for the analysis of psychophysical data. This package allows to estimate the Point of Subjective Equivalence (PSE) 
    and the Just Noticeable Difference (JND), either from a psychometric function or from a Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM). 
    Additionally, the package allows plotting the fitted models and the response data, simulating psychometric functions of different shapes, and simulating data sets.
    For a description of the use of GLMMs applied to psychophysical data, refer to Moscatelli et al. (2012), <doi:10.1167/12.11.26>.
Inference on stochastic differential models Ornstein-Uhlenbeck or
    Cox-Ingersoll-Ross, with one or two random effects in the drift function.
    S. Hermann, K. Ickstadt and C. Mueller (2016) <doi:10.1002/asmb.2175>
    M. Delattre, V. Genon-Catalot and A. Samson (2012) <doi:10.1111/j.1467-9469.2012.00813.x>
    F. Comte, V. Genon-Catalot and A. Samson (2013) <doi:10.1016/j.spa.2013.04.009>
    V. Genon-Catalot and C. Laredo (2014) <doi:10.1080/02331888.2016.1141910>
    C. Dion and V. Genon-Catalot (2015) <doi:10.1007/s11203-015-9122-0>.
We provide detailed functions for univariate Mixed Tempered Stable distribution.
Contains functions for estimating a mixed-effects model for
             clustered data (or batch-processed data) with cluster-level (or batch-
             level) missing values in the outcome, i.e., the outcomes of some 
             clusters are either all observed or missing altogether. The model is 
             developed for analyzing incomplete data from labeling-based quantitative 
             proteomics experiments but is not limited to this type of data. 
             We used an expectation conditional maximization (ECM) algorithm for model 
             estimation. The cluster-level missingness may depend on the average 
             value of the outcome in the cluster (missing not at random).
Functions for creating designs for mixture experiments, making ternary contour plots, and making mixture effect plots.
Evaluation and optimization of the Fisher Information Matrix in NonLinear Mixed Effect Models using Markov Chains Monte Carlo for continuous and discrete data.
Utilizing model-based clustering (unsupervised)
        for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data.
        The developed methods (Chen and Maitra (2018, manuscript)) include
        2D and 3D clustering analyses (for p-values with voxel locations) and
        segmentation analyses (for p-values alone) for fMRI data where p-values
        indicate significant level of activation responding to stimulate
        of interesting. The analyses are mainly identifying active
        voxel/signal associated with normal brain behaviors.
        Analysis pipelines (R scripts) utilizing this package
        (see examples in 'inst/workflow/') is also implemented with high
        performance techniques.
Carries out model-based clustering, classification and discriminant analysis using five different models. The models are all based on the  generalized hyperbolic distribution. The first model 'MGHD' (Browne and McNicholas (2015)<doi:10.1002/cjs.11246>) is the classical mixture of generalized hyperbolic distributions. The 'MGHFA' (Tortora et al. (2016)<doi:10.1007/s11634-015-0204-z>) is the mixture of generalized hyperbolic factor analyzers for high dimensional data sets. The 'MSGHD'(Tortora et al. (2016)<arXiv:1403.2332v7>), mixture of  multiple scaled generalized hyperbolic distributions. The 'cMSGHD' (Tortora et al. (2016)<arXiv:1403.2332v7>) is a 'MSGHD' with convex contour plots. The 'MCGHD' (Tortora et al. (2016)<arXiv:1403.2332v7>), mixture of  coalesced generalized hyperbolic distributions is a new more flexible model.
Kernel-based methods are powerful methods for integrating 
    heterogeneous types of data. mixKernel aims at providing methods to combine
    kernel for unsupervised exploratory analysis. Different solutions are 
    provided to compute a meta-kernel, in a consensus way or in a way that 
    best preserves the original topology of the data. mixKernel also integrates
    kernel PCA to visualize similarities between samples in a non linear space
    and from the multiple source point of view. Functions to assess and display
    important variables are also provided in the package.
The Mixture Link model <arXiv:1612.03302> is a proposed extension to generalized linear models, where the outcome distribution is a finite mixture of J > 1 densities. This package supports Mixture Link computations for Poisson and Binomial outcomes. This includes the distribution functions, numerical maximum likelihood estimation, Bayesian analysis, and quantile residuals to assess model fit.
The main functions perform mixed models analysis by least squares
    or REML by adding the function r() to formulas of lm() and glm(). A collection of
    text-book statistics for higher education is also included, e.g. modifications
    of the functions lm(), glm() and associated summaries from the package 'stats'.
A collection of functions to implement the MixMAP algorithm, which performs gene
    level tests of association using data from a previous GWAS or data from a
    meta-analysis of several GWAS.  Conceptually, genes are detected as
    significant if the collection of p-values within a gene are determined to
    be collectively smaller than would be observed by chance.
Multivariate methods are well suited to large omics data sets where the number of variables (e.g. genes, proteins, metabolites) is much larger than the number of samples (patients, cells, mice). They have the appealing properties of reducing the dimension of the data by using instrumental variables (components), which are defined as combinations of all variables. Those components are then used to produce useful graphical outputs that enable better understanding of the relationships and correlation structures between the different data sets that are integrated. mixOmics offers a wide range of multivariate methods for the exploration and integration of biological datasets with a particular focus on variable selection. The package proposes several sparse multivariate models we have developed to identify the key variables that are highly correlated, and/or explain the biological outcome of interest. The data that can be analysed with mixOmics may come from high throughput sequencing technologies, such as omics data (transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, metagenomics etc) but also beyond the realm of omics (e.g. spectral imaging). The methods implemented in mixOmics can also handle missing values without having to delete entire rows with missing data. A non exhaustive list of methods include variants of generalised Canonical Correlation Analysis, sparse Partial Least Squares and sparse Discriminant Analysis. Recently we implemented integrative methods to combine multiple data sets: N-integration with variants of Generalised Canonical Correlation Analysis and P-integration with variants of multi-group Partial Least Squares.
A collection of tools implemented to facilitate the analysis of the components of a finite mixture distributions. The package has some functions to generate random samples coming from a finite mixture. The package provides a C++ implementation for the construction of a hierarchy over the components of a given finite mixture.
Fits multiple variable mixtures of various parametric proportional hazard models using the EM-Algorithm. Proportionality restrictions can be imposed on the latent groups and/or on the variables. Several survival distributions can be specified. Missing values and censored values are allowed. Independence is assumed over the single variables.
Performs maximum likelihood estimation for finite mixture models for families including Normal, Weibull, Gamma and Lognormal by using EM algorithm, together with Newton-Raphson algorithm or bisection method when necessary. It also conducts mixture model selection by using information criteria or bootstrap likelihood ratio test. The data used for mixture model fitting can be raw data or binned data. The model fitting process is accelerated by using R package 'Rcpp'.
Estimates Rasch models and mixture Rasch models, including the dichotomous Rasch model, the rating scale model, and the partial credit model.
Fits mixtures of (possibly multivariate) regressions
	(which has been described as doing ANCOVA when you don't
	know the levels).
It offers random-forest-based functions to impute clustered
    incomplete data. The package is tailored for but not limited to imputing
    multitissue expression data, in which a gene's expression is measured on the
    collected tissues of an individual but missing on the uncollected tissues.
The current version of the 'MixSAL' package allows users to generate data from a multivariate SAL distribution or a mixture of multivariate SAL distributions, evaluate the probability density function of a multivariate SAL distribution or a mixture of multivariate SAL distributions, and fit a mixture of multivariate SAL distributions using the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm (see Franczak et. al, 2014, <doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2013.216>, for details).
Separates DNA mixtures using a statistical model within a
        greedy algorithm with a useful tcl/tk GUI.
Creates and runs Bayesian mixing models to analyze
    biological tracer data (i.e. stable isotopes, fatty acids), which estimate the
    proportions of source (prey) contributions to a mixture (consumer). 'MixSIAR'
    is not one model, but a framework that allows a user to create a mixing model
    based on their data structure and research questions, via options for fixed/
    random effects, source data types, priors, and error terms. 'MixSIAR' incorporates
    several years of advances since 'MixSIR' and 'SIAR', and includes both GUI
    (graphical user interface) and script versions.
The utility of this package is in simulating mixtures of Gaussian
        distributions with different levels of overlap between mixture
        components.  Pairwise overlap, defined as a sum of two
        misclassification probabilities, measures the degree of
        interaction between components and can be readily employed to
        control the clustering complexity of datasets simulated from
        mixtures. These datasets can then be used for systematic
        performance investigation of clustering and finite mixture
        modeling algorithms. Among other capabilities of 'MixSim', there
        are computing the exact overlap for Gaussian mixtures,
        simulating Gaussian and non-Gaussian data, simulating outliers
        and noise variables, calculating various measures of agreement
        between two partitionings, and constructing parallel
        distribution plots for the graphical display of finite mixture
        models.
Functions to fit finite mixture of scale mixture of
        skew-normal (FM-SMSN) distributions.
Differential expression analysis of RNA-Seq data when replicates under two conditions are available is performed. First, mixtures of Negative Binomial distributions are fitted on the data in order to estimate the dispersions, then the Wald test is computed.
Analyzes finite mixture models for various parametric and semiparametric settings.  This includes mixtures of parametric distributions (normal, multivariate normal, multinomial, gamma), various Reliability Mixture Models (RMMs), mixtures-of-regressions settings (linear regression, logistic regression, Poisson regression, linear regression with changepoints, predictor-dependent mixing proportions, random effects regressions, hierarchical mixtures-of-experts), and tools for selecting the number of components (bootstrapping the likelihood ratio test statistic and model selection criteria).  Bayesian estimation of mixtures-of-linear-regressions models is available as well as a novel data depth method for obtaining credible bands.  This package is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. SES-0518772.
Curve Fitting for monotonic(sigmoidal) & non-monotonic(J-shaped) 
 concentration-response data. Prediction of mixture toxicity based on reference 
 models such as 'concentration addition', 'independent action', and 'generalized 
 concentration addition'.
An implementation of all 14 Gaussian parsimonious
        clustering models (GPCMs) for model-based clustering and
        model-based classification.
Functions for computing the penalized maximum likelihood estimate (PMLE) or maximum likelihood estimate (MLE), testing the order of a finite mixture model using EM-test, drawing histogram of observations and the fitted density or probability mass function of the mixture model.
Fit mixture regression models with nonsusceptibility/cure for left-truncated and interval-censored (LTIC) data (see Chen et al. (2013) <doi:10.1002/sim.5845>). This package also provides the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (NPMLE) for the survival/event curves with LTIC data.
Optimization algorithms implemented in R, including
    conjugate gradient (CG), Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) and the
    limited memory BFGS (L-BFGS) methods. Most internal parameters can be set 
    through the call interface. The solvers hold up quite well for 
    higher-dimensional problems.
A set of classes and methods to set up and run multi-species, trait
    based and community size spectrum ecological models, focused on the marine
    environment.
Provides functions to compute and visualize movement-based kernel density estimates (MKDEs) for animal utilization distributions in 2 or 3 spatial dimensions.
Calculation routines based on the FOCUS Kinetics Report (2006,
  2014).  Includes a function for conveniently defining differential equation
  models, model solution based on eigenvalues if possible or using numerical
  solvers and a choice of the optimisation methods made available by the 'FME'
  package.  If a C compiler (on windows: 'Rtools') is installed, differential
  equation models are solved using compiled C functions.  Please note that no
  warranty is implied for correctness of results or fitness for a particular
  purpose.
Package for fast computation of the maximum kernel
        likelihood estimator (mkle)
Contains several functions for statistical data analysis; e.g. for sample size and power calculations, computation of confidence intervals, and generation of similarity matrices.
Package solves multiple knapsack optimisation problem. 
    Given a set of items, each with volume and value, 
    it will allocate them to knapsacks of a given size in a way that
    value of top N knapsacks is as large as possible.
mkssd is a package that generates efficient balanced
        non-aliased multi-level k-circulant supersaturated designs by
        interchanging the elements of the generator vector. The package
        tries to generate a supersaturated design that has chisquare
        efficiency more than user specified efficiency level (mef). The
        package also displays the progress of generation of an
        efficient multi-level k-circulant design through a progress
        bar. The progress of 100% means that one full round of
        interchange is completed. More than one full round (typically
        4-5 rounds) of interchange may be required for larger designs.
Inference of a multi-states birth-death model from a phylogeny, comprising a number of states N, birth and death rates for each state and on which edges each state appears. Inference is done using a hybrid approach: states are progressively added in a greedy approach. For a fixed number of states N the best model is selected via maximum likelihood. Reference: J. Barido-Sottani and T. Stadler (2017) <doi:10.1101/215491>.
Provides 'R6' abstract classes for building machine learning models 
    with 'scikit-learn' like API. <http://scikit-learn.org/> is a popular module 
    for 'Python' programming language which design became de facto a standard 
    in industry for machine learning tasks.
Hyper parameter tuning using Bayesian
    optimization (Shahriari et al. <doi:10.1109/JPROC.2015.2494218>) for support vector machine,
    random forest, and extreme gradient boosting (Chen & Guestrin (2016) <doi:10.1145/2939672.2939785>). 
    Unlike already existing packages (e.g. 'mlr', 'rBayesianOptimization', or 'xgboost'), there is no need to change in accordance with the package or method of machine learning.
    You just prepare a data frame with feature vectors and the label column that has any class ('character', 'factor', 'integer').
    Moreover, to write a optimization function, you have only to specify the data and the column name of the label to classify.
A collection of artificial and real-world machine learning
        benchmark problems, including, e.g., several data sets from the
        UCI repository.
Multi-core processing of Gameday data from Major League Baseball Advanced Media <http://gd2.mlb.com/components/game/mlb/>. Additional tools to parallelize large data sets and write them to a database.
Computational functions for player metrics in major league baseball including batting, pitching, fielding, base-running, and overall player statistics. This package is actively maintained with new metrics being added as they are developed.
Framework for the Item Response Theory analysis of dichotomous and ordinal polytomous outcomes under the assumption of within-item multidimensionality and discreteness of the latent traits. The fitting algorithms allow for missing responses and for different item parametrizations and are based on the Expectation-Maximization paradigm. Individual covariates affecting the class weights may be included in the new version together with possibility of constraints on all model parameters.
Conjoint measurement is a psychophysical procedure in which stimulus pairs are presented that vary along 2 or more dimensions and the observer is required to compare the stimuli along one of them.  This package contains functions to estimate the contribution of the n scales to the judgment by a maximum likelihood method under several hypotheses of how the perceptual dimensions interact.
Functions necessary to perform the machine learning-based
        differential network analysis of transcriptome data.
Exploratory data analysis and manipulation functions for multi-
    label data sets along with an interactive Shiny application to ease their use.
Large collection of multilabel datasets along with the functions
    needed to export them to several formats, to make partitions, and to obtain
    bibliographic information.
Difference scaling is a method for scaling perceived 
  supra-threshold differences.  The package contains functions that
  allow the user to design and run a difference scaling experiment, 
  to fit the resulting data by maximum likelihood and test the
  internal validity of the estimated scale.
Calculates the expected/observed Fisher information and the bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimate(s) via Cox-Snell Methodology.
A 'sparklyr' <https://spark.rstudio.com> extension that provides
  an interface to 'MLeap' <https://github.com/combust/mleap>, an open source library
  that enables exporting and serving of 'Apache Spark' pipelines.
This package provides a unified interface to various
        machine learning algorithms. Confusion matrices are provided
        too.
This package contains functions to compute the
        nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) for the
        bivariate distribution of (X,Y), when realizations of (X,Y)
        cannot be observed directly.  To be more precise, we consider
        the situation where we observe a set of rectangles that are
        known to contain the unobservable realizations of (X,Y). We
        compute the MLE based on such a set of rectangles.  The methods
        can also be used for univariate censored data (see data set
        'cosmesis'), and for censored data with competing risks (see
        data set 'menopause').  We also provide functions to visualize
        the observed data and the MLE.
Maximum likelihood Gaussian process modeling for
        univariate and multi-dimensional outputs with diagnostic plots 
        following Santner et al (2003) <doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-3799-8>.
        Contact the maintainer for a package version that includes 
        sensitivity analysis.
Provides functions for unit root testing using MLE method
Offers a gentle introduction to machine learning concepts for practitioners with a statistical pedigree: decomposition of model error (bias-variance trade-off), nonlinear correlations, information theory and functional permutation/bootstrap simulations. Székely GJ, Rizzo ML, Bakirov NK. (2007). <doi:10.1214/009053607000000505>. Reshef DN, Reshef YA, Finucane HK, Grossman SR, McVean G, Turnbaugh PJ, Lander ES, Mitzenmacher M, Sabeti PC. (2011). <doi:10.1126/science.1205438>.
Processing and analysis of high throughput (Roche 454)
        sequences generated from multiple loci and multiple biological
        samples. Sequences are assigned to their locus and sample of
        origin, aligned and trimmed. Where possible, genotypes are
        called and variants mapped to known alleles.
An R code implementation of the maximum likelihood (fixed
        point) algorithm of Hyvaerinen, Karhuna, and Oja for
        independent component analysis.
Tools and functions to fit a multilevel index of dissimilarity.
Provides an R API wrapper for 'mljar.com', a web service allowing for on-line training for machine learning models (see <https://mljar.com> for more information).
Do multilevel mediation analysis with generalized additive multilevel models.
An implementation of Multi-level Monte Carlo for R.  This package
    builds on the original 'Matlab' and C++ implementations by Mike Giles to provide
    a full MLMC driver and example level samplers.  Multi-core parallel sampling
    of levels is provided built-in.
A collection of evaluation metrics, including loss, score and
    utility functions, that measure regression, classification and ranking performance.
Maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) of the proportions
    of 5-mC and 5-hmC in the DNA using information from BS-conversion,
    TAB-conversion, and oxBS-conversion methods. One can use information from all three methods 
    or any combination of two of them. Estimates are based on Binomial model by
    Qu et al. (2013) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btt459> and
    Kiihl et al. (2018, to appear).
Pipeline for Genome-Wide Association Study using Multi-Locus Mixed Model from Segura V, Vilhjálmsson BJ et al. (2012) <doi:10.1038/ng.2314>. The pipeline include detection of associated SNPs with MLMM, model selection by lowest eBIC, estimation of the effects of the SNPs in the selected model and graphical functions.
Computational strategies for multivariate linear
        mixed-effects models with missing values, Schafer and Yucel
        (2002), Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 11,
        421-442.
Data and examples from a multilevel modelling software review
  as well as other well-known data sets from the multilevel modelling
  literature.
Maximum Likelihood estimation of random utility discrete choice models (logit and probit).
Provides a modified function bic.glm of the BMA package that can be applied to multinomial logit (MNL) data. The data is converted to binary logit using the Begg & Gray approximation. The package also contains functions for maximum likelihood estimation of MNL.
Phase haplotypes from genotypes based on a list of known
        haplotypes. Suited to highly diverse loci such as HLA.
An implementation of classifier chains (CC's) for multi-label
    prediction. Users can employ an external package (e.g. 'randomForest',
    'C50'), or supply their own. The package can train a single set of CC's or
    train an ensemble of CC's -- in parallel if running in a multi-core
    environment. New observations are classified using a Gibbs sampler since
    each unobserved label is conditioned on the others. The package includes
    methods for evaluating the predictions for accuracy and aggregating across
    iterations and models to produce binary or probabilistic classifications.
Interface to a large number of classification and regression
    techniques, including machine-readable parameter descriptions. There is
    also an experimental extension for survival analysis, clustering and
    general, example-specific cost-sensitive learning. Generic resampling,
    including cross-validation, bootstrapping and subsampling. Hyperparameter
    tuning with modern optimization techniques, for single- and multi-objective
    problems. Filter and wrapper methods for feature selection. Extension of
    basic learners with additional operations common in machine learning, also
    allowing for easy nested resampling. Most operations can be parallelized.
Toolset that enriches 'mlr' with a diverse set of preprocessing
    operators. Composable Preprocessing Operators ("CPO"s) are first-class
    R objects that can be applied to data.frames and 'mlr' "Task"s to modify
    data, can be attached to 'mlr' "Learner"s to add preprocessing to machine
    learning algorithms, and can be composed to form preprocessing pipelines.
Flexible and comprehensive R toolbox for model-based optimization
    ('MBO'), also known as Bayesian optimization. It is designed for both single-
    and multi-objective optimization with mixed continuous, categorical and
    conditional parameters. The machine learning toolbox 'mlr' provide dozens
    of regression learners to model the performance of the target algorithm with
    respect to the parameter settings. It provides many different infill criteria
    to guide the search process. Additional features include multi-point batch
    proposal, parallel execution as well as visualization and sophisticated
    logging mechanisms, which is especially useful for teaching and understanding
    of algorithm behavior. 'mlrMBO' is implemented in a modular fashion, such that
    single components can be easily replaced or adapted by the user for specific use
    cases.
Generate a stream of pseudo-random numbers generated using the MLS 
    Junk Generator algorithm. Functions exist to generate single pseudo-random 
    numbers as well as a vector, data frame, or matrix of pseudo-random numbers.
Likelihood-based estimation of conditional transformation
  models via the most likely transformation approach described in
  Hothorn et al. (2018) <DOI:10.1111/sjos.12291>.
Additional documentation, a package vignette and 
  regression tests for package mlt.
A collection of machine learning helper functions, particularly assisting in the Exploratory Data Analysis phase. Makes heavy use of the 'data.table' package for optimal speed and memory efficiency. Highlights include a versatile bin_data() function, sparsify() for converting a data.table to sparse matrix format with one-hot encoding, fast evaluation metrics, and empirical_cdf() for calculating empirical Multivariate Cumulative Distribution Functions.
Estimates the multi-level vector autoregression model on time-series data.
             Three network structures are obtained: temporal networks, contemporaneous
             networks and between-subjects networks.
Utilities for preprocessing of text corpora into data structures
  suitable for natural language models: integer sequences or matrices,
  vocabulary embedding matrices, term-doc, doc-term, term co-occurrence matrices
  etc. All functions allow for full or partial hashing of the terms in the
  vocabulary.
Simulation and visualization of complex
    models for longitudinal data. The models are encoded using the model coding
    language 'Mlxtran', automatically converted into C++ codes, compiled on the
    fly and linked to R using the 'Rcpp' package. That allows one to implement
    very easily complex ODE-based models and complex statistical models,
    including mixed effects models, for continuous, count, categorical, and
    time-to-event data.
Estimation functions and diagnostic tools for mean length-based total mortality estimators based on Gedamke and Hoenig (2006) <doi:10.1577/T05-153.1>.
Various utilities for the Multiplicative Multinomial distribution.
Description: A single-sample classifier that generates Medulloblastoma (MB) subtype predictions for single-samples of human MB patients and model systems, including cell lines and mouse-models. The MM2S algorithm uses a systems-based methodology that facilitates application of the algorithm on samples irrespective of their platform or source of origin. MM2S demonstrates > 96% accuracy for patients of well-characterized normal cerebellum, Wingless (WNT), or Sonic hedgehog (SHH) subtypes, and the less-characterized Group4 (86%) and Group3 (78.2%). MM2S also enables classification of MB cell lines and mouse models into their human counterparts.This package contains function for implementing the classifier onto human data and mouse data, as well as graphical rendering of the results as PCA plots and heatmaps.
Gene Expression datasets for the 'MM2S' package. Contains normalized expression data for Human Medulloblastoma ('GSE37418') as well as Mouse Medulloblastoma models ('GSE36594').
The main function MMEst() performs (Restricted) Maximum Likelihood in a variance component mixed models using a Min-Max (MM) algorithm (Hunter, D. R., & Lange, K. (2004) <doi:10.1198/0003130042836>).
Used for general multiple mediation analysis. 
	The analysis method is described in Yu et al. (2014) <doi:10.4172/2155-6180.1000189> "General Multiple Mediation Analysis With an Application to Explore Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer Survival", published on Journal of Biometrics & Biostatistics, 5(2):189; and Yu et al.(2017) <DOI:10.1016/j.sste.2017.02.001> "Exploring racial disparity in obesity: a mediation analysis considering geo-coded environmental factors", published on Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology, 21, 13-23.
Used for general multiple mediation analysis with big data sets.
Provides tools for performing mathematical morphology operations,
    such as erosion and dilation, on data of arbitrary dimensionality. Can also
    be used for finding connected components, resampling, filtering, smoothing
    and other image processing-style operations.
R interface to POSIX mmap and Window's MapViewOfFile.
Uses memory-mapping to enable the random access of elements of
  a text file of characters separated by characters as if it was a simple
  R(cpp) matrix.
Provides routines for multivariate measurement error correction. Includes procedures for linear, logistic and Cox regression models. Bootstrapped standard errors and confidence intervals can be obtained for corrected estimates.
An implementation of modified maximum contrast methods (Sato et al. (2009) <doi:10.1038/tpj.2008.17>;
  Nagashima et al. (2011) <doi:10.2202/1544-6115.1560>) and the maximum contrast method (Yoshimura et al. (1997)
  <doi:10.1177/009286159703100213>): Functions mmcm.mvt() and mcm.mvt() give P-value by using randomized quasi-Monte
  Carlo method with pmvt() function of package 'mvtnorm', and mmcm.resamp() gives P-value by using a permutation method.
Missingness in categorical data is a common problem in various real applications. 
  Traditional approaches either utilize only the complete observations or impute the missing data by some ad hoc methods rather than the true conditional distribution of the missing data, 
  thus losing or distorting the rich information in the partial observations. 
  This package develops a Bayesian nonparametric approach, the Dirichlet Process Mixture of Collapsed Product-Multinomials (DPMCPM, Wang et al. (2017) <arXiv:1712.02214v1>), 
  to model the full data jointly and compute the model efficiently. 
  By fitting an infinite mixture of product-multinomial distributions, 
  DPMCPM is applicable for any categorical data regardless of the true distribution, 
  which may contain complex association among variables. 
  Under the framework of latent class analysis, we show that DPMCPM can model general missing mechanisms by creating an extra category to denote missingness, 
  which implicitly integrates out the missing part with regard to their true conditional distribution.
This library implements mixture model distance sampling
        methods. See Miller and Thomas (in prep.).
Fit multivariate mixture of normal distribution using
        covariance structure.
fits multivariate marginal models for multivariate longitudinal data for both continuous and discrete responses
Fits multivariate marginal models with shared regression parameters for discrete and continuous responses
Provides global hypothesis tests, multiple testing procedures and simultaneous confidence intervals for multiple linear contrasts of regression
	coefficients in a single generalized estimating equation (GEE) model or across multiple GEE models. GEE models are fit by a modified version of the 'geeM' package.
The package implements a multi-marker molecular signature (MMMS) approach
             for treatment-specific subgroup identification.
Provides functions for measuring
    population divergence from genotypic data.
To determine the number of quantitative assays needed for a sample 
    of data using pooled testing methods, which include mini-pooling (MP), MP 
    with algorithm (MPA), and marker-assisted MPA (mMPA). To estimate the number 
    of assays needed, the package also provides a tool to conduct Monte Carlo (MC) 
    to simulate different orders in which the sample would be collected to form pools. 
    Using MC avoids the dependence of the estimated number of assays on any specific 
    ordering of the samples to form pools.
Marginalizes prediction functions using Monte-Carlo integration and computes permutation importance.
Compute similarities and distances between marked point processes.
Time-series of count data occur in many different contexts. A
    Markov-modulated Poisson process provides a framework for detecting
    anomalous events using an unsupervised learning approach.
Efficient implementation of the Gibbs sampler by Fearnheard and Sherlock (2006) <DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9868.2006.00566.x> for the Markov modulated Poisson process that uses 'C++' via the 'Rcpp' interface. Fearnheard and Sherlock proposed an exact Gibbs-sampler for performing Bayesian inference on Markov Modulated Poisson processes. This package is an efficient implementation of their proposal for binned data. Furthermore, the package contains an efficient implementation of the hierarchical MMPP framework, proposed by Clausen, Adams, and Briers (2017) <https://github.com/hc2116/MMPPsampler/blob/master/Master_thesis_Henry.pdf>, that is tailored towards inference on network flow arrival data and extends Fearnheard and Sherlock's Gibbs sampler. Both frameworks harvests greatly from routines that are optimised for this specific problem in order to remain scalable and efficient for large amounts of input data. These optimised routines include  matrix exponentiation and multiplication, and endpoint-conditioned Markov process sampling. Both implementations require an input vector that contains the binned observations, the length of a binning interval, the number of states of the hidden Markov process, and lose prior hyperparameters. As a return, the user receives the desired number of sample trajectories of the hidden Markov process as well as the likelihood of each trajectory.
Perform Fixed effects Selection in Linear Mixed Models using a multicycle ECM algorithm; see F. Rohart & al, 2014, <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2014.06.022>.
Fits a family of mixtures of multivariate t-distributions under a continuous t-distributed latent variable structure for the purpose of clustering or classification. The alternating expectation-conditional maximization algorithm is used for parameter estimation.
An implementation of multiple maps t-distributed stochastic
    neighbor embedding (t-SNE). Multiple maps t-SNE is a method for
    projecting high-dimensional data into several low-dimensional maps such that
    non-metric space properties are better preserved than they would be by a single
    map. Multiple maps t-SNE with only one map is equivalent to standard t-SNE.
    When projecting onto more than one map, multiple maps t-SNE estimates a set
    of latent weights that allow each point to contribute to one or more maps
    depending on similarity relationships in the original data. This
    implementation is a port of the original 'Matlab' library by Laurens van der
    Maaten. 
    See Van der Maaten and Hinton (2012) <doi:10.1007/s10994-011-5273-4>.
    This material is based upon work supported by the United States Air Force 
    and Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) under Contract No. 
    FA8750-17-C-0020.
    Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
    material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views 
    of the United States Air Force and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
    Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited.
The first day of any MMWR week is Sunday.
    MMWR week numbering is sequential beginning with 1
    and incrementing with each week to a maximum of 52
    or 53. MMWR week #1 of an MMWR year is the first week
    of the year that has at least four days in the calendar
    year. This package provides functionality to convert
    Dates to MMWR day, week, and year and the reverse.
An API package for the Members' Name Information Service operated by the UK parliament. Documentation for the API itself can be found here: <http://data.parliament.uk/membersdataplatform/default.aspx>.
Time and memory efficient estimation of multinomial logit models using maximum likelihood method. Numerical optimization performed by Newton-Raphson method using an optimized, parallel C++ library to achieve fast computation of Hessian matrices. Motivated by large scale multiclass classification problems in econometrics and machine learning.
Multivariate tests, estimates and methods based on the identity score, spatial sign score and spatial rank score are provided. The methods include one and c-sample problems, shape estimation and testing, linear regression and principal components. The methodology is described in Oja (2010) <doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0468-3> and Nordhausen and Oja (2011) <doi:10.18637/jss.v043.i05>.
Computes integral of f(x)*x_i^k on a product of intervals,
 where f is the density of a gaussian law.
 This a is small alteration of the mnormt code from A. Genz and A. Azzalini.
Functions are provided for computing the density and the
  distribution function of multivariate normal and "t" random variables,
  and for generating random vectors sampled from these distributions.  
  Probabilities are computed via non-Monte Carlo methods; different routines 
  are used in the case d=1, d=2, d>2, if d denotes the number of dimensions.
Fits the Bayesian multinomial probit model via Markov chain
 Monte Carlo.  The multinomial probit model is often used to analyze 
 the discrete choices made by individuals recorded in survey data. 
 Examples where the multinomial probit model may be useful include the 
 analysis of product choice by consumers in market research and the 
 analysis of candidate or party choice by voters in electoral studies.  
 The MNP package can also fit the model with different choice sets for 
 each individual, and complete or partial individual choice orderings 
 of the available alternatives from the choice set. The estimation is
 based on the efficient marginal data augmentation algorithm that is 
 developed by Imai and van Dyk (2005). ``A Bayesian Analysis of the 
 Multinomial Probit Model Using the Data Augmentation,'' Journal of 
 Econometrics, Vol. 124, No. 2 (February), pp. 311-334. 
 <DOI:10.1016/j.jeconom.2004.02.002>  Detailed examples are given in 
 Imai and van Dyk (2005). ``MNP: R Package for Fitting the Multinomial 
 Probit Model.''  Journal of Statistical Software, Vol. 14, No. 3 (May), 
 pp. 1-32. <DOI:10.18637/jss.v014.i03>.
Allows to analyze the reading data obtained with the MNREAD Acuity 
    Chart, a continuous-text reading acuity chart for normal and low vision. 
    Provides the necessary functions to plot the MNREAD curve and estimate 
    automatically the four MNREAD parameters: Maximum Reading Speed, 
    Critical Print Size, Reading Acuity and Reading Accessibility Index.
    Reference: Calabrese et al. 2016 <doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2015.6097>.
An implementation of the mixed neighbourhood selection (MNS) algorithm. The MNS algorithm can be used to estimate multiple related precision matrices. In particular, the motivation behind this work was driven by the need to understand functional connectivity networks across multiple subjects. This package also contains an implementation of a novel algorithm through which to simulate multiple related precision matrices which exhibit properties frequently reported in neuroimaging analysis.
Functions to implements random forest method for model based
    recursive partitioning. The mob() function, developed by Zeileis et al. (2008),
    within 'party' package, is modified to construct model-based decision trees based
    on random forests methodology. The main input function mobforest.analysis() takes
    all input parameters to construct trees, compute out-of-bag errors, predictions,
    and overall accuracy of forest. The algorithm performs parallel computation
    using cluster functions within 'parallel' package.
Some canned plots and functions designed for the mobilize project.
    Designed to be called remotely.
Tools for the simulation, analysis and sampling of spatial
    biodiversity data (May et al. 2017) <doi:10.1101/209502>.
    In the simulation tools user define the numbers of
    species and individuals, the species abundance distribution and species
    aggregation. Functions for analysis include species rarefaction 
    and accumulation curves, species-area relationships and the distance
    decay of similarity.
This package provides methods to analyze cluster
        alternatives based on multi-objective optimization of cluster
        validation indices.
The two main functionalities of this package are creating mock
    objects (functions) and selectively intercepting calls to a given
    function that originate in some other function. It can be used
    with any testing framework available for R. Mock objects can
    be injected with either this package's own stub() function or a
    similar with_mock() facility present in the testthat package.
Provides a means to mock a package function, i.e., temporarily substitute it for testing. Designed as a drop-in replacement for 'testthat::with_mock()', which may break in R 3.4.0 and later.
Package for processing downloaded MODIS Surface reflectance
    Product HDF files. Specifically, MOD09 surface reflectance product files, and
    the associated MOD03 geolocation files (for MODIS-TERRA). The package will be
    most effective if the user installs MRTSwath (MODIS Reprojection Tool for swath
    products; <https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/tools/modis_reprojection_tool_swath>, and
    adds the directory with the MRTSwath executable to the default R PATH by editing
    ~/.Rprofile.
Performs Modal Clustering (MAC) including Hierarchical Modal Clustering (HMAC) along with their parallel implementation (PHMAC) over several processors.  These model-based non-parametric clustering techniques can extract  clusters in very high dimensions with arbitrary density shapes. By default clustering is performed over several resolutions and the results are summarised as a hierarchical tree. Associated plot functions are also provided. There is a package vignette that provides many examples. This version adheres to CRAN policy of not spanning more than two child processes by default.
Fits a modified version of the Connor-Mosimann distribution (Connor & Mosimann (1969)<doi:10.2307/2283728>), 
    a Connor-Mosimann distribution or Dirichlet distribution (e.g. Gelman, Carlin, Stern & Rubin Chapter 3.5 (2004, <ISBN:1-58488-388-X>) to elicited
    quantiles of a multinomial distribution. Code is also provided to 
    sample from the distributions, generating inputs suitable for a 
    probabilistic sensitivity analysis / Monte Carlo simulation in a decision model.
This package provides estimators of the mode of univariate
        unimodal data or univariate unimodal distributions
Given independent and identically distributed observations X(1), ..., X(n) from a density f,
 provides five methods to perform a multiscale analysis about f as well as the necessary critical
 values. The first method, introduced in Duembgen and Walther (2008), provides simultaneous confidence statements
 for the existence and location of local increases (or decreases) of f, based on all intervals I(all) spanned by
 any two observations X(j), X(k). The second method approximates the latter approach by using only a subset of
 I(all) and is therefore computationally much more efficient, but asymptotically equivalent. Omitting the additive
 correction term Gamma in either method offers another two approaches which are more powerful on small scales and
 less powerful on large scales, however, not asymptotically minimax optimal anymore. Finally, the block procedure is a
 compromise between adding Gamma or not, having intermediate power properties. The latter is again asymptotically
 equivalent to the first and was introduced in Rufibach and Walther (2010).
Model-based trees for subgroup analyses in clinical trials and
  model-based forests for the estimation and prediction of personalised
  treatment effects (personalised models). Currently partitioning of linear
  models, lm(), generalised linear models, glm(), and Weibull models,
  survreg(), is supported.  Advanced plotting functionality is supported for
  the trees and a test for parameter heterogeneity is provided for the
  personalised models. For details on model-based trees for subgroup analyses
  see Seibold, Zeileis and Hothorn (2016) <doi:10.1515/ijb-2015-0032>; for
  details on model-based forests for estimation of individual treatment effects
  see Seibold, Zeileis and Hothorn (2017) <doi:10.1177/0962280217693034>.
Provides two important functions for producing Gain chart and Lift chart for any classification model.
Uses 'dplyr' and 'tidyeval' to fit statistical models inside the database. It currently supports KMeans and linear regression models.
Defines classes and methods to learn models and use them
  to predict binary outcomes.  These are generic tools, but we also
  include specific examples for many common classifiers.
Local linear estimation of psychometric functions.
        Provides functions for nonparametric estimation of a
        psychometric function and for estimation of a derived threshold
        and slope, and their standard deviations and confidence
        intervals
Bootstrap cross-validation for ROC, AUC and Brier score to assess
    and compare predictions of binary status responses.
Creates sophisticated models of training data and validates the models with an independent test set, cross validation, or in the case of Random Forest Models, with Out Of Bag (OOB) predictions on the training data. Create graphs and tables of the model validation results. Applies these models to GIS .img files of predictors to create detailed prediction surfaces. Handles large predictor files for map making, by reading in the .img files in chunks, and output to the .txt file the prediction for each data chunk, before reading the next chunk of data.
Collection of metrics for evaluating models written in C++ using 'Rcpp'.
A utility library to facilitate the generalization of statistical methods built on a regression framework. Package developers can use 'modelObj' methods to initiate a regression analysis without concern for the details of the regression model and the method to be used to obtain parameter estimates. The specifics of the regression step are left to the user to define when calling the function. The user of a function developed within the 'modelObj' framework creates as input a 'modelObj' that contains the model and the R methods to be used to obtain parameter estimates and to obtain predictions.  In this way, a user can easily go from linear to non-linear models within the same package.
Functions for modelling that help you seamlessly integrate
    modelling into a pipeline of data manipulation and visualisation.
A collection of tools to deal with statistical models. 
  The functionality is experimental and the user interface is likely to
  change in the future. The documentation is rather terse, but packages `coin'
  and `party' have some working examples. However, if you find the
  implemented ideas interesting we would be very interested in a discussion
  of this proposal. Contributions are more than welcome!
Makes a word cloud of text, sized by the frequency of the word, and colored either by user-specified colors or colored by the strength of the coefficient of that text derived from a regression model.
An accompaniment R package to ModernDive: An Introduction to
    Statistical and Data Sciences via R available at <http://moderndive.com/>,
    in particular wrapper functions targeted at novices to easily generate tidy
    linear regression output.
Designed with a dual purpose of
    accurately estimating the mode (or modes) as well as characterizing
    the modality of data. The specific application area includes complex
    or mixture distributions particularly in a big data environment.
    The heterogeneous nature of (big) data may require deep introspective
    statistical and machine learning techniques, but these statistical tools
    often fail when applied without first understanding the data. In small
    datasets, this often isn't a big issue, but when dealing with large scale
    data analysis or big data thoroughly inspecting each dimension
    typically yields an O(n^n-1) problem. As such, dealing with big data
    require an alternative toolkit. This package not only identifies the
    mode or modes for various data types, it also provides a programmatic
    way of understanding the modality (i.e. unimodal, bimodal, etc.) of
    a dataset (whether it's big data or not). See
    <http://www.sdeevi.com/modes_package> for examples and discussion.
User-friendly Shiny apps for designing and evaluating phase I cancer clinical trials, with the aim to estimate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a novel drug, using a Bayesian decision procedure based on logistic regression.
Analyses species distribution models and evaluates their performance. It includes functions for performing variation partitioning, calculating several measures of model discrimination and calibration, optimizing prediction thresholds based on a number of criteria, performing multivariate environmental similarity surface (MESS) analysis, and displaying various analytical plots.
Power of non-parametric Mann-Kendall test is highly influenced by serially correlated data. To address this issue, original time-series may be modified by the following approaches namely Prewhitening (PW), Trend Free Prewhitening (TFPW) and Modified Mann-Kendall tests through variance correction approach by calculating effective sample size.
    Yue, S., & Wang, C. Y. (2002) <doi:10.1029/2001WR000861>.
    Yue, S., Pilon, P., Phinney, B., & Cavadias, G. (2002) <doi:10.1002/hyp.1095>.
    Hamed, K. H., & Ramachandra Rao, A. (1998) <doi:10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00125-X>.
    Yue, S., & Wang, C. Y. (2004) <doi:10.1023/B:WARM.0000043140.61082.60>.
Download and processing functionalities for the Moderate Resolution
    Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The package provides automated access to the
    global online data archives LP DAAC (<https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/>) and LAADS 
    (<https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/>) and processing capabilities such
    as file conversion, mosaicking, subsetting and time series filtering.
Package for processing downloaded MODIS Cloud Product HDF
        files and derived files. Specifically, MOD35_L2 cloud product
        files, and the associated MOD03 geolocation files (for
        MODIS-TERRA); and MYD35_L2 cloud product files, and the
        associated MYD03 geolocation files (for MODIS-AQUA).  The
        package will be most effective if the user installs MRTSwath
        (MODIS Reprojection Tool for swath products;
        https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/tools/modis_reprojection_tool_swath),
        and adds the directory with the MRTSwath executable to the
        default R PATH by editing ~/.Rprofile.
Package for downloading Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) snow cover data. Global daily snow cover at 500 m resolution derived from MODIS is made available by the National Snow and Ice Center Data Center <http://nsidc.org/>.
Allows automating the creation of time series of rasters derived
    from MODIS Satellite Land Products data. It performs several typical
    preprocessing steps such as download, mosaicking, reprojection and resize
    of data acquired on a specified time period. All processing parameters
    can be set using a user-friendly GUI. Users can select which layers of
    the original MODIS HDF files they want to process, which additional
    Quality Indicators should be extracted from aggregated MODIS Quality
    Assurance layers and, in the case of Surface Reflectance products
    , which Spectral Indexes should be computed from the original reflectance
    bands. For each output layer, outputs are saved as single-band raster
    files corresponding to each available acquisition date. Virtual files
    allowing access to the entire time series as a single file are also created.
    Command-line execution exploiting a previously saved processing options
    file is also possible, allowing to automatically update time series
    related to a MODIS product whenever a new image is available.
Calculate predicted levels and marginal effects,
    using the delta method to calculate standard errors. This is an R-based
    version of the 'margins' command from Stata.
The algorithms implemented here are used to detect the community structure of a network. 
            These algorithms follow different approaches, but are all based on the concept of modularity maximization.
Contains basic tools for performing 
             multiple-output quantile regression and computing 
             regression quantile contours by means of directional 
             regression quantiles. In the location case, one can thus 
             obtain halfspace depth contours in two to six dimensions.
Fits a Constrained Segmented Distributed Lag regression model 
	to epidemiological time series of mortality, temperature, and other confounders.
Turning point method is a method proposed by Choi (1990) <doi:10.2307/2531453> to 
    estimate 50 percent effective dose (ED50) in the study of drug sensitivity. The method has 
    its own advantages for that it can provide robust ED50 estimation. This package contains 
    the modified function of Choi's turning point method.
Methods for color labeling, calculation of eigengenes, merging of closely related modules.
Provides modules as an organizational unit for source code. Modules
    enforce to be more rigorous when defining dependencies and have
    a local search path. They can be used as a sub unit within packages
    or in scripts.
RMSD and Internal Energy analysis of NAMD and YASARA Molecular Dynamics output files. Allows to comparison of different dynamics per different complexes. Input files have to be ASCII files tab separated.
Modular implementation of Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms 
              based on Decomposition (MOEA/D) [Zhang and Li (2007), 
              <DOI:10.1109/TEVC.2007.892759>] for quick assembling and 
              testing of new algorithmic components, as well as easy 
              replication of published MOEA/D proposals.
Clustering via parsimonious Mixtures of Experts using the MoEClust models introduced by Murphy and Murphy (2017) <arXiv:1711.05632>. This package fits finite Gaussian mixture models with gating and expert network covariates using parsimonious covariance parameterisations from 'mclust' via the EM algorithm. Visualisation of the results of such models using generalised pairs plots is also facilitated.
Statistical utilities for the analysis of data by means of the Marshall-Olkin Extended Zipf distribution are presented. The distribution is a two-parameter extension of the widely used Zipf model. By plotting the probabilities in log-log scale, this two-parameter extension allows a concave as well as a convex behavior of the function at the beginning of the distribution, maintaining the linearity, associated to the Zipf model, in the tail.
Functions for exploring the best subsets in regression with a genetic algorithm. The package is much faster than methods relying on complete enumeration, and is suitable for data sets with large number of variables. For more information, see Sinha, Malo & Kuosmanen (2015) <doi:10.1080/10618600.2014.899236>.
A package for analysis between rare variants and
        quantitative traits by CMC (the combined multivariate and
        collapsing method).
Contains functions for performing Mokken
   scale analysis on test and questionnaire data (e.g., Sijtsma and Van der Ark, 2017, <doi:10.1111/bmsp.12078>).
   It includes an automated item selection algorithm, and various checks of model assumptions.
Multi-Objective optimization based on the Kriging metamodel.
  Important functions: mkm, VMPF, MEGO and HEGO.
Surface topography calculations of Dirichlet's normal energy,
    relief index, surface slope, and orientation patch count for teeth using scans of
    enamel caps.
    Importantly, for the relief index and orientation patch count calculations to
    work, the scanned tooth files must be oriented with the occlusal plane parallel
    to the x and y axes, and perpendicular to the z axis. The files should also be
    simplified, and smoothed in some other software prior to uploading into R.
Model for simulating language evolution in terms of cultural evolution (Smith & Kirby (2008) <DOI:10.1098/rstb.2008.0145>; Deacon 1997). The focus is on the emergence of argument-marking systems (Dowty (1991) <DOI:10.1353/lan.1991.0021>, Van Valin 1999, Dryer 2002, Lestrade 2015a), i.e. noun marking (Aristar (1997) <DOI:10.1075/sl.21.2.04ari>, Lestrade (2010) <DOI:10.7282/T3ZG6R4S>), person indexing (Ariel 1999, Dahl (2000) <DOI:10.1075/fol.7.1.03dah>, Bhat 2004), and word order (Dryer 2013), but extensions are foreseen. Agents start out with a protolanguage (a language without grammar; Bickerton (1981) <DOI:10.17169/langsci.b91.109>, Jackendoff 2002, Arbib (2015) <DOI:10.1002/9781118346136.ch27>) and interact through language games (Steels 1997). Over time, grammatical constructions emerge that may or may not become obligatory (for which the tolerance principle is assumed; Yang 2016). Throughout the simulation, uniformitarianism of principles is assumed (Hopper (1987) <DOI:10.3765/bls.v13i0.1834>, Givon (1995) <DOI:10.1075/z.74>, Croft (2000), Saffran (2001) <DOI:10.1111/1467-8721.01243>, Heine & Kuteva 2007), in which maximal psychological validity is aimed at (Grice (1975) <DOI:10.1057/9780230005853_5>, Levelt 1989, Gaerdenfors 2000) and language representation is usage based (Tomasello 2003, Bybee 2010). In Lestrade (2015b) <DOI:10.15496/publikation-8640>, Lestrade (2015c) <DOI:10.1075/avt.32.08les>, and Lestrade (2016) <DOI:10.17617/2.2248195>), which reported on the results of preliminary versions, this package was announced as WDWTW (for who does what to whom), but for reasons of pronunciation and generalization the title was changed.
Generate the optimal maximin distance, minimax distance (only for low dimensions), and maximum projection designs within the class of Latin hypercube designs efficiently for computer experiments. Generate Pareto front optimal designs for each two of the three criteria and all the three criteria within the class of Latin hypercube designs efficiently. Provide criterion computing functions. References of this package can be found in Morris, M. D. and Mitchell, T. J. (1995) <doi:10.1016/0378-3758(94)00035-T>, Lu Lu and Christine M. Anderson-CookTimothy J. Robinson (2011) <doi:10.1198/Tech.2011.10087>, Joseph, V. R., Gul, E., and Ba, S. (2015) <doi:10.1093/biomet/asv002>.
Model selection and parameter estimation for non-local and some conjugate priors. Bayes factors for regression and mixtures. Routines to sample, evaluate prior densities, distributions and quantiles.
A collection of moment-matching methods for computing the cumulative distribution function of a positively-weighted sum of chi-squared random variables. Methods include the Satterthwaite-Welch method, Hall-Buckley-Eagleson method, Wood's F method, and the Lindsay-Pilla-Basak method.
Functions to calculate: moments, Pearson's kurtosis,
        Geary's kurtosis and skewness; tests related to them
        (Anscombe-Glynn, D'Agostino, Bonett-Seier).
Extended tools for analyzing telemetry data using generalized hidden Markov models. These include data pre-processing and visualization, fitting HMMs to location and auxiliary biotelemetry or environmental data, biased and correlated random walk movement models, multiple imputation for incorporating location measurement error and missing data, user-specified design matrices and constraints for covariate modelling of parameters, decoding of the state process, visualization of fitted models, model checking and selection, and simulation. See McClintock and Michelot (2017) <doi:10.1111/2041-210X.12995>.
The goal of Momocs is to provide a complete, convenient, 
       reproducible and open-source toolkit for 2D morphometrics.
       It includes most common 2D morphometrics approaches on outlines, open outlines, configurations of landmarks, traditional morphometrics, and facilities for data preparation, manipulation and visualization with a consistent grammar throughout.
       It allows reproducible, complex morphometric analyses and other morphometrics approaches should be easy to plug in, or develop from, on top of this canvas.
'MetaOMineR' suite is a set of R packages that offers many functions and modules needed for the analyses 
    of quantitative metagenomics data. 'momr' is the core package and contains routines for biomarker identification and exploration.
    Developed since the beginning of field, 'momr' has evolved and is structured around the different modules 
    such as preprocessing, analysis, vizualisation, etc. See package help for more information.
It computes the raw moments for the folded and truncated multivariate normal and Student's t-distribution. It also offers specific functions to compute the mean and variance-covariance matrix as well as the cumulative distribution function (cdf) for the folded normal and folded t-distribution. Algorithms are extensions based on Kan, R., & Robotti, C. (2017) <doi:10.1080/10618600.2017.1322092>.
Keep track of dates in terms of months.
  Model dates as at close of business.
  Perform date arithmetic in units of "months" and "years" (multiples of months).
  Allow "infinite" dates to model "ultimate" time spans.
The unique function of this package allows representing in a single graph the relative occurrence and co-occurrence of events measured in a sample. 
  As examples, the package was applied to describe the occurrence and co-occurrence of different species of bacterial or viral symbionts infecting arthropods at the individual level. The graphics allows determining the prevalence of each symbiont and the patterns of multiple infections (i.e. how different symbionts share or not the same individual hosts). 
  We named the package after the famous painter as the graphical output recalls Mondrian’s paintings.
Allows to pull data from MonetDB into R. Includes a DBI implementation and a dplyr backend.
An in-process version of 'MonetDB', a SQL database designed for analytical tasks. Similar to 'SQLite', the database runs entirely inside the 'R' shell.
High-performance 'MongoDB' client based on 'libmongoc' and 'jsonlite'.
    Includes support for aggregation, indexing, map-reduce, streaming, encryption,
    enterprise authentication. The online user manual provides an overview of the 
    available methods in the package: <https://jeroen.github.io/mongolite/>.
Acoustic template detection and monitoring database interface. Create, modify, save, and use templates for detection of animal vocalizations. View, verify, and extract results. Upload a MySQL schema to a existing instance, manage survey metadata, write and read templates and detections locally or to the database.
Allows using some services of Monkeylearn <http://monkeylearn.com/> which is
    a Machine Learning platform on the cloud for text analysis (classification and extraction).
Train and make predictions from a multi-layer perceptron neural
        network with optional partial monotonicity constraints.
Contains functions intended to facilitate the production of plant taxonomic monographs. The package includes functions to convert tables into taxonomic descriptions, lists of collectors, examined specimens, and can generate a monograph skeleton. Additionally, wrapper functions to batch the production of phenology charts and distributional and diversity maps are also available.
Various imputation methods are utilized in this package, where one can flag and impute non-monotonic data that is outside of a prespecified range.
Estimation of multivariate normal and student-t data of 
             arbitrary dimension where the pattern of missing data is monotone.
             Through the use of parsimonious/shrinkage regressions 
             (plsr, pcr, lasso, ridge,  etc.), where standard regressions fail, 
             the package can handle a nearly arbitrary amount of missing data. 
             The current version supports maximum likelihood inference and 
	     a full Bayesian approach employing scale-mixtures for Gibbs sampling.
	     Monotone data augmentation extends this 
	     Bayesian approach to arbitrary missingness patterns.  
	     A fully functional standalone interface to the Bayesian lasso 
	     (from Park & Casella), Normal-Gamma (from Griffin & Brown),
             Horseshoe (from Carvalho, Polson, & Scott), and ridge regression 
             with model selection via Reversible Jump, and student-t errors 
             (from Geweke) is also provided.
Requires rooted resolved phylogeny as input and creates a table of genera, their monophyly-status, which taxa cause problems in monophyly etc. Different information can be extracted from the output and a plot function allows visualization of the results in a number of ways.
Functions for fitting monotone polynomials to data.
             Detailed discussion of the methodologies used can be
             found in Murray, Mueller and Turlach (2013)
             <doi:10.1007/s00180-012-0390-5> and Murray, Mueller and
             Turlach (2016) <doi:10.1080/00949655.2016.1139582>.
An extended version of the nonparametric Bayesian monotonic regression procedure described in Saarela & Arjas (2011) <DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9469.2010.00716.x>, allowing for multiple additive monotonic components in the linear predictor, and time-to-event outcomes through case-base sampling. The extension and its applications, including estimation of absolute risks, are described in Saarela & Arjas (2015) <DOI:10.1111/sjos.12125>.
Test for monotonicity in financial variables sorted by portfolios. It is conventional practice in empirical research to form portfolios of assets ranked by a certain sort variable. A t-test is then used to consider the mean return spread between the portfolios with the highest and lowest values of the sort variable. Yet comparing only the average returns on the top and bottom portfolios does not provide a sufficient way to test for a monotonic relation between expected returns and the sort variable. This package provides nonparametric tests for the full set of monotonic patterns by Patton, A. and Timmermann, A. (2010) <doi:10.1016/0304-4076(89)90094-8> and compares the proposed results with extant alternatives such as t-tests, Bonferroni bounds, and multivariate inequality tests through empirical applications and simulations.
Estimates monotone regression and variance functions in a
        nonparametric model.
Simplifies Monte Carlo simulation studies by automatically 
             setting up loops to run over parameter grids and parallelising
             the Monte Carlo repetitions. It also generates LaTeX tables.
Several analysis-related functions for the book entitled "R
    statistics and graph for medical articles" (written in Korean), version 1,
    by Keon-Woong Moon with Korean demographic data with several plot
    functions.
A collection of basic astronomical routines for R based on
        "Practical astronomy with your calculator" by Peter
        Duffet-Smith.
Tools for transferable species distribution modeling and pseudo-absence 
    data generation allowing the straightforward design of relatively complex experiments 
    with multiple factors affecting the uncertainty (variability) of SDM outputs 
    (pseudo-absence sample, climate projection, modeling algorithm, etc.), and the 
    quantification of the contribution of different factors to the final variability 
    following the method described in Deque el al. (2010) <doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1053-x>. 
    Multiple methods for pseudo-absence data generation can be applied, including the novel 
    Three-step method as described in Iturbide et al. (2015) <doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.05.018>.
    Additionally, a function for niche overlap calculation is provided, considering the metrics 
    described in Warren et al. (2008) <10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00482.x> and in
    Pianka (1973) <10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000413>.
A multi-objective optimization solver based on particle
        swarm optimization with crowding distance.
With the provision of several tools and templates the MOSAIC project (DFG-Grant Number HO 1937/2-1) supports the implementation of a central data management in epidemiological research projects. The 'MOQA' package enables epidemiologists with none or low experience in R to generate basic data quality reports for a wide range of application scenarios. See <https://mosaic-greifswald.de/> for more information. Please read and cite the corresponding open access publication (using the former package-name) in METHODS OF INFORMATION IN MEDICINE by M. Bialke, H. Rau, T. Schwaneberg, R. Walk, T. Bahls and W. Hoffmann (2017) <doi:10.3414/ME16-01-0123>. <https://methods.schattauer.de/en/contents/most-recent-articles/issue/2483/issue/special/manuscript/27573/show.html>.
MOrder provide functions to check time homogeneity and order
    of markov chain by using chi-squared test, AIC value and BIC value.
This package is a port of the MATLAB colourmap functions
    accompanying the paper M. Geissbuehler and T. Lasser, "How to display data
    by color schemes compatible with red-green color perception deficiencies,"
    Opt. Express 21, 9862-9874 (2013) to R.
A toolset for Geometric Morphometrics and mesh processing. This
    includes (among other stuff) mesh deformations based on reference points,
    permutation tests, detection of outliers, processing of sliding
    semi-landmarks and semi-automated surface landmark placement.
Tools for ecotoxicologists and regulators dedicated to the
    mathematical and statistical modelling of toxicity test data. They use advanced and
    innovative methods for a valuable quantitative environmental risk assessment.
MorseGen is a program for generating raw data based on
        user-specified summary (descriptive) statistics. Samples based
        on the supplied statistics are drawn from a normal distribution
        (or, in some cases, an exponential distribution) and scaled to
        match the desired descriptive statistics. Intended uses include
        creating raw data that fits desired characteristics or to
        replicate the results in a published study.
A collection of functions for the analysis of archaeological mortality
    data (on the topic see e.g. Chamberlain 2006 
    <https://books.google.de/books?id=nG5FoO_becAC&lpg=PA27&ots=LG0b_xrx6O&dq=life%20table%20archaeology&pg=PA27#v=onepage&q&f=false>). 
    It takes demographic data in different formats and displays the result in a standard life table
    as well as plots the relevant indices (percentage of deaths, survivorship, probability of death, life expectancy, percentage of population).
Fit the most popular human mortality 'laws', and construct 
  full and abridge life tables given various input indices. A mortality
  law is a parametric function that describes the dying-out process of 
  individuals in a population during a significant portion of their 
  life spans. For a comprehensive review of the most important mortality 
  laws see Tabeau (2001) <doi:10.1007/0-306-47562-6_1>. 
  An elegant function for downloading data from Human Mortality 
  Database <http://www.mortality.org> is provided as well.
Smoothing one- and two-dimensional Poisson counts with
             P-splines specifically tailored to mortality data.  
             Extra-Poisson variation can be accounted as well as forecasting.
             Collection of mortality data and a specific function for
	     selecting those data by country, sex, age and years.
Classes to implement and plot cohort life tables
    for actuarial calculations. In particular, birth-year dependent mortality
    tables using a yearly trend to extrapolate from a base year are implemented,
    as well as period life table, cohort life tables using an age shift, and
    merged life tables.
Age-specific mortality rates are estimated and projected using 
    the Kannisto, Lee-Carter and related methods as described in Sevcikova et al. (2016) <doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26603-9_15>.
Data sets and utilities from Project MOSAIC (<http://mosaic-web.org>) used
    to teach mathematics, statistics, computation and modeling.  Funded by the
    NSF, Project MOSAIC is a community of educators working to tie together
    aspects of quantitative work that students in science, technology,
    engineering and mathematics will need in their professional lives, but
    which are usually taught in isolation, if at all.
Part of the Project MOSAIC (<http://mosaic-web.org/>)
    suite that provides utility functions for doing calculus 
    (differentiation and integration) in R. The main differentiation and 
    antidifferentiation operators are described using formulas and return functions 
    rather than numerical values. Numerical values can be obtained by evaluating
    these functions.
Common utilities used in other MOSAIC-family packages are 
    collected here.
Data sets from Project MOSAIC (<http://mosaic-web.org>) used
    to teach mathematics, statistics, computation and modeling.  Funded by the
    NSF, Project MOSAIC is a community of educators working to tie together
    aspects of quantitative work that students in science, technology,
    engineering and mathematics will need in their professional lives, but
    which are usually taught in isolation, if at all.
Provides functions for evaluating, displaying, and interpreting statistical models. The goal is to abstract the operations on models from the particular architecture of the model. For instance, calculating effect sizes rather than looking at coefficients. The package includes interfaces to both regression and classification architectures, including lm(), glm(), rlm() in 'MASS', random forests and recursive partitioning, k-nearest neighbors, linear and quadratic discriminant analysis, and models produced by the 'caret' package's train(). It's straightforward to add in other other model architectures.
Provides functions similar to the 'SAS' macros previously provided
              to accompany Collins, Dziak, and Li (2009) <DOI:10.1037/a0015826>
              and Dziak, Nahum-Shani, and Collins (2012) <DOI:10.1037/a0026972>, papers
              which outline practical benefits and challenges of factorial
              and fractional factorial experiments for scientists interested
              in developing biological and/or behavioral interventions, especially
              in the context of the multiphase optimization strategy
              (see Collins, Kugler & Gwadz 2016) <DOI:10.1007/s10461-015-1145-4>.  The package
              currently contains three functions. First, RelativeCosts1() draws a graph
              of the relative cost of complete and reduced factorial designs versus
              other alternatives. Second, RandomAssignmentGenerator() returns a dataframe
              which contains a list of random numbers that can be used to conveniently
              assign participants to conditions in an experiment with
              many conditions. Third, FactorialPowerPlan() estimates the power, detectable effect
              size, or required sample size of a factorial or fractional factorial
              experiment, for main effects or interactions, given several possible choices
              of effect size metric, and allowing pretests and clustering.
Implementations of MOSUM-based statistical procedures and algorithms for detecting multiple changes in the mean. This comprises the MOSUM procedure for estimating multiple mean changes from Eichinger and Kirch (2018) <doi:10.3150/16-BEJ887> and the multiscale algorithmic extensions from Cho and Kirch (2018+).
Learning, manipulation and  evaluation of mixtures of  truncated basis  functions 
  (MoTBFs),  which include mixtures of  polynomials (MOPs) and  mixtures of truncated 
  exponentials (MTEs). MoTBFs are a flexible framework for modelling hybrid Bayesian
  networks. The  package provides  functionality for learning  univariate, multivariate and
  conditional  densities, with the  possibility of incorporating prior  knowledge. Structural
  learning of hybrid Bayesian  networks is also provided. A set of useful tools is provided,
  including  plotting, printing  and likelihood  evaluation. This  package  makes use of  S3 
  objects, with two new classes called 'motbf' and 'jointmotbf'.
Statistics to quantify tracks of moving things (x-y-z-t data),
    such as cells, bacteria or animals. Available measures include mean square
    displacement, confinement ratio, autocorrelation, straightness, turning angle,
    and fractal dimension.
Functions for fitting models of trait evolution
        on phylogenies for continuous traits. The majority of functions
        described in Thomas and Freckleton (2011) <doi:10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00132.x> 	and include functions that allow for tests of variation in the rates of trait 		evolution.
Functions to estimate start and duration of moult from moult 
             data, based on models developed in Underhill 
             and Zucchini (1988, 1990).
Lattice functions for drawing folded empirical cumulative
    distribution plots, or mountain plots. A mountain plot is similar
    to an empirical CDF plot, except that the curve increases from
    0 to 0.5, then decreases from 0.5 to 1 using an inverted scale at
    the right side.
Extract from two-dimensional x-y coordinates of an arm-reaching trajectory, several dependent measures such as area under the curve, latency to start the movement, x-flips, etc.; which characterize the action-dynamics of the response. Mainly developed to analyze data coming from mouse-tracking experiments.
Mouse-tracking, the analysis of mouse movements in computerized
    experiments, is a method that is becoming increasingly popular in the
    cognitive sciences. The mousetrap package offers functions for importing,
    preprocessing, analyzing, aggregating, and visualizing mouse-tracking data.
Contains functions to access movement data stored in 'movebank.org'
    as well as tools to visualize and statistically analyze animal movement data,
    among others functions to calculate dynamic Brownian Bridge Movement Models.
    Move helps addressing movement ecology questions.
Provides tools for animal movement modelling using hidden Markov
    models. These include processing of tracking data, fitting hidden Markov models
    to movement data, visualization of data and fitted model, decoding of the state
    process...
Tools to visualize movement data (e.g. from GPS tracking) and temporal changes of environmental data (e.g. from remote sensing) by creating video animations.
Estimating wind speed from trajectories of individually tracked birds using a maximum likelihood approach.
Fit and simulate mixtures of von Mises-Fisher distributions.
Weekly notified dengue cases in 25 districts of Sri Lanka from 2008/ week-52 to 2014/ week-21.
Multidimensional projection techniques are used to create two
    dimensional representations of multidimensional data sets.
Algorithms for fitting model-based penalized coefficient paths. Currently the models include penalized Poisson, negative binomial, zero-inflated Poisson and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models. The penalties include least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD) and minimax concave penalty (MCP), and each possibly combining with L_2 penalty.
Fits Multinomial Probit Bayesian Additive Regression Trees.
It performs the followings Multivariate Process Capability Indices: Shahriari et al. (1995) Multivariate Capability Vector, Taam et al. (1993) Multivariate Capability Index (MCpm), Pan and Lee (2010) proposal (NMCpm) and the followings based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA):Wang and Chen (1998), Xekalaki and Perakis (2002) and Wang (2005). Two datasets are included.
Multivariate process capability analysis using the multivariate process capability vector. Allows to analyze a multivariate process with both normally and non-normally distributed and also with dependent and independent quality characteristics.
Data sets and scripts for Modeling Psychophysical Data in R (Springer).
Functions for calculating sample size and power for clinical trials
    with multiple (co-)primary endpoints.
(1) Our system provides a network-based strategies for metabolite pathway identification.(2) The MPINet can support the identification of pathways using Hypergeometric test based on metabolite set. (3)MPINet can support pathways from multiple databases.
A matrix discrete model having the form
    'M[i+1] = (I + Q)*M[i]'.
    The calculation of the values of 'M[i]' only for
    pre-selected values of 'i'. The method of calculation
    is presented in the vignette 'Fundament' ('Base'). Maybe it`s own
    idea of the author of the package. A weakness is that the method
    gives information only in selected steps of the process.
    It mainly refers to cases with matrices that are not Markov chain.
    If 'Q' is Markov transition matrix, then MUPkL() may be
    used to calculate the steady-state distribution 'p' for
    'p = Q*p'.
    Matrix power of non integer (matrix.powerni()) gives
    the same results as a mpower() from package 'matlib'.
    References:
    "Markov chains",
    (<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov_chain#Expected_number_of_visits>).
    Donald R. Burleson, Ph.D. (2005), 
    "ON NON-INTEGER POWERS OF A SQUARE MATRIX", 
    (<http://www.blackmesapress.com/Eigenvalues.htm>).
Computing modified profile likelihood estimates for Weibull Shape and Regression Parameters. Modified likelihood estimates are provided.
Model stability and variable inclusion plots [Mueller and Welsh
    (2010, <doi:10.1111/j.1751-5823.2010.00108.x>); Murray, Heritier and Mueller
    (2013, <doi:10.1002/sim.5855>)] as well as the adaptive fence [Jiang et al.
    (2008, <doi:10.1214/07-AOS517>); Jiang et al. 
    (2009, <doi:10.1016/j.spl.2008.10.014>)] for linear and generalised linear models.
Leverages the R language to automate latent variable model estimation
	and interpretation using 'Mplus', a powerful latent variable modeling program
	developed by Muthen and Muthen (<http://www.statmodel.com>). Specifically, this package
    provides routines for creating related groups of models, running batches of
    models, and extracting and tabulating model parameters and fit statistics.
Exploratory graphical analysis of multivariate data,
    specifically gene expression data with different projection
    methods: principal component analysis, correspondence analysis,
    spectral map analysis.
Functions to compute and plot multivariate (partial) Mantel correlograms.
Uses a kernel smoothing approach to calculate Mutual Information
    for comparisons between all types of variables including continuous vs
    continuous, continuous vs discrete and discrete vs discrete. Uses a
    nonparametric bias correction giving Bias Corrected Mutual Information
    (BCMI). Implemented efficiently in Fortran 95 with OpenMP and suited to
    large genomic datasets.
Symbolic computing with multivariate polynomials in R.
A procedure to test for dependence between point processes on the real line, e.g. causal dependence, correlation, inhibition or anti-correlation. The package also provides a number of utilities for plotting simultaneous point processes, and combining p-values.
Package for fitting Multi-Parameter Regression (MPR) models to right-censored survival data. These are flexible parametric regression models which extend standard models, for example, proportional hazards.
Infer parental genotypes based on low-coverage population sequencing data and 
		thus can genotype mapping populations and construct ultra-high density linkage map 
		in a parent-independent manner. Weibo Xie et al. (2010) <doi:10.1073/pnas.1005931107>.
Computational tools to represent phylogenetic signals using adapted eigenvector maps.
Supplementary materials and datasets for the book "Modern Psychometrics With R" (Mair, 2018, Springer useR! series).
Fitting and testing multinomial processing tree (MPT) models, a
  class of statistical models for categorical data.  The parameters are the
  link probabilities of a tree-like graph and represent the latent cognitive
  processing steps executed to arrive at observable response categories
  (Batchelder & Riefer, 1999 <doi:10.3758/bf03210812>; Erdfelder et al., 2009
  <doi:10.1027/0044-3409.217.3.108>; Riefer & Batchelder, 1988
  <doi:10.1037/0033-295x.95.3.318>).
Provides a user-friendly way for the analysis of multinomial processing tree (MPT) models (e.g.,  Riefer, D. M., and Batchelder, W. H. [1988]. Multinomial modeling and the measurement of cognitive processes. Psychological Review, 95, 318-339) for single and multiple datasets. The main functions perform model fitting and model selection. Model selection can be done using AIC, BIC, or the Fisher Information Approximation (FIA) a measure based on the Minimum Description Length (MDL) framework. The model and restrictions can be specified in external files or within an R script in an intuitive syntax or using the context-free language for MPTs. The 'classical' .EQN file format for model files is also supported. Besides MPTs, this package can fit a wide variety of other cognitive models such as SDT models (see fit.model). It also supports multicore fitting and FIA calculation (using the snowfall package), can generate or bootstrap data for simulations, and plot predicted versus observed data.
'RAMAS Metapop' <https://www.ramas.com/ramas.htm#metapop> is a 
    popular software package for performing spatially-explicit population 
    viability analysis. It is primarily GUI-driven, but can benefit from 
    integration into an R workflow, wherein model results can be subjected to 
    further analysis. 'RAMAS Metapop' stores metapopulation model parameter 
    settings and population dynamics simulation results in plain text files 
    (.mp files). This package facilitates access, summary and visualisation of 
    'RAMAS Metapop 5' outputs in order to better integrate 'RAMAS' analyses into 
    an R workflow.
mQTL provides a complete QTL analysis pipeline for metabolomic data. 
        Distinctive features include normalisation using PQN approach, peak alignment  
        using RSPA approach, dimensionality reduction using SRV approach and finally 
        QTL mapping using R/qtl package.
Mendelian randomization is a method of identifying and estimating a confounded causal effect using genetic instrumental variables. This packages implements methods for two-sample Mendelian randomization with summary statistics by using Robust Adjusted Profile Score (RAPS). References: Qingyuan Zhao, Jingshu Wang, Jack Bowden, Dylan S. Small. Statistical inference in two-sample summary-data Mendelian randomization using robust adjusted profile score. <arXiv:1801.09652>.
Accomplishes mark-recapture analysis with covariates. Models available include the Cormack-Jolly-Seber open population (Cormack (1972) <doi:10.2307/2556151>; Jolly (1965) <doi:10.2307/2333826>; Seber (1965) <doi:10.2307/2333827>) and Huggin's (1989) <doi:10.2307/2336377> closed population. 
	Link functions include logit, sine, and hazard.  Model selection, model averaging, plot, and simulation routines included. Open population size by the Horvitz-Thompson (1959) <doi:10.2307/2280784> estimator.
Performs (simultaneous) inferences for ratios of linear combinations of coefficients in the general linear model. Multiple comparisons and simultaneous confidence interval estimations can be performed for ratios of treatment means in the normal one-way layout with homogeneous and heterogeneous treatment variances, according to Dilba et al. (2007) <https://cran.r-project.org/doc/Rnews/Rnews_2007-1.pdf> and Hasler and Hothorn (2008) <doi:10.1002/bimj.200710466>. Confidence interval estimations for ratios of linear combinations of linear model parameters like in (multiple) slope ratio and parallel line assays can be carried out. Moreover, it is possible to calculate the sample sizes required in comparisons with a control based on relative margins. For the simple two-sample problem, functions for a t-test for ratio-formatted hypotheses and the corresponding confidence interval are provided assuming homogeneous or heterogeneous group variances.
A method for the multiresolution analysis of spatial fields and images to capture scale-dependent features.
    mrbsizeR is based on scale space smoothing and uses differences of smooths at neighbouring scales for finding features on different scales.
    To infer which of the captured features are credible, Bayesian analysis is used.
    The scale space multiresolution analysis has three steps: (1) Bayesian signal reconstruction.
    (2) Using differences of smooths, scale-dependent features of the reconstructed signal can be found.
    (3) Posterior credibility analysis of the differences of smooths created.
    The method has first been proposed by Holmstrom, Pasanen, Furrer, Sain (2011) <DOI:10.1016/j.csda.2011.04.011>.
Compute and select tuning parameters for the MRCE estimator proposed by Rothman, Levina, and Zhu (2010) <doi:10.1198/jcgs.2010.09188>.  This estimator fits the multiple output linear regression model with a sparse estimator of the error precision matrix and a sparse estimator of the regression coefficient matrix.
Scrape season results, estimate win probabilities, and find a
  competitive bracket for your office pool. Additional utilities include:
  scraping population picks; simulating tournament results; and testing your
  bracket in simulation.
The MRCV package provides functions for analyzing the association between
    one single response categorical variable (SRCV) and one multiple response
    categorical variable (MRCV), or between two or three MRCVs.  A modified Pearson
    chi-square statistic can be used to test for marginal independence for the one or
    two MRCV case, or a more general loglinear modeling approach can be used to examine
    various other structures of association for the two or three MRCV case.  Bootstrap-
    and asymptotic-based standardized residuals and model-predicted odds ratios are
    available, in addition to other descriptive information.
Animal abundance estimation via conventional, multiple covariate
    and mark-recapture distance sampling (CDS/MCDS/MRDS). Detection function
    fitting is performed via maximum likelihood. Also included are diagnostics
    and plotting for fitted detection functions. Abundance estimation is via a
    Horvitz-Thompson-like estimator.
Implements the methods described in Bond S, Farewell V, 2006, Exact Likelihood Estimation for a Negative Binomial Regression Model with Missing Outcomes, Biometrics
Tools to get marine regions data from
    <http://www.marineregions.org/>. Includes tools to get region metadata,
    as well as data in 'GeoJSON' format, as well as Shape files. Use cases
    include using data downstream to visualize 'geospatial' data by marine
    region, mapping variation among different regions, and more.
Performs the MRFA approach proposed by Sung et al. (2017+) <arXiv:1709.07064> to fit
    and predict nonlinear regression problems, particularly for large-scale and
    high-dimensional problems. The application includes deterministic or stochastic
    computer experiments, spatial datasets, and so on.
Tools to compute depth measures and implementations of related 
             tasks such as outlier detection, data exploration and 
            classification of multivariate, regression and functional data.
Facilitates simulation from hierarchical, ordinary
    differential equation (ODE) based models typically employed in drug development.
    A model specification file is created consisting of R and C++ code that
    is parsed, compiled, and dynamically loaded into the R session. Input data are
    passed in and simulated data are returned as R objects.  A dosing event engine
    allows interventions (bolus and infusion) to be managed separately from the 
    model code. Differential equations are solved with the 'DLSODA' routine 
    in 'ODEPACK' (<https://computation.llnl.gov/casc/odepack/>).
Used on survival data to jointly estimate the hazard rate and the effects of covariates on failure times. Can accommodate covariates under the proportional and non-proportional hazards setting, and is ideal for analysis of survival data with long-term follow-up.
Provides three Modified Rand Indices and three Modified Adjusted Rand Indices for comparing two partitions, which are usually obtained on two different sets of units, where one is a subset of another set of units. Splitting and merging of clusters have a different affects on the value of the indices.
Various methods for MRI tissue classification.
Conditional maximum likelihood estimation via the EM algorithm and information-criterion-based model selection in binary mixed Rasch models.
Conduct multi-locus genome-wide association study under the framework of random-SNP-effect mixed linear model (mrMLM). First, each marker on the genome is scanned. Bonferroni correction is replaced by a less stringent selection criterion for significant test. Then, all the markers that are potentially associated with the trait are included in a multi-locus model, their effects are estimated by empirical Bayes and true QTN are identified by likelihood ratio test.
Conduct multi-locus genome-wide association study under the framework of random-SNP-effect mixed linear model (mrMLM). First, each marker on the genome is scanned. Bonferroni correction is replaced by a less stringent selection criterion for significant test. Then, all the markers that are potentially associated with the trait are included in a multi-locus model, their effects are estimated by empirical Bayes and true Quantitative Trait Nucleotides (QTN) are identified by likelihood ratio test. Wen YJ, Zhang H, Ni YL, Huang B, Zhang J, Feng JY, Wang SB, Dunwell JM, Zhang YM, Wu R (2017) <doi:10.1093/bib/bbw145>.
Non-life runoff reserves may be analyzed using linear models. This generalizes the special cases of multiplicative chain ladder and
    the additive model. In addition, the package provides visual and statistical diagnostics to assess the quality of modeled link ratios.
Computes mutual information matrices from continuous, categorical and survival variables, as well as feature selection with minimum redundancy, maximum relevance (mRMR) and a new ensemble mRMR technique.
Computes multiple correlation coefficient when the data matrix is given and tests its significance.
We can calculate directly used this package the Minimal Clinically Important Difference by applying the Anchor-based method and the Response shift effect by applying the Then-Test method.
An implementation of the MRS algorithm for comparison across distributions,
  as described in Jacopo Soriano, Li Ma (2016) <doi:10.1111/rssb.12180>. 
  The model is based on a nonparametric process taking the form of a Markov model 
  that transitions between a "null" and an "alternative" state 
  on a multi-resolution partition tree of the sample space. 
  MRS effectively detects and characterizes a variety of underlying differences. 
  These differences can be visualized using several plotting functions.
Fits regularized multinomial response models using penalized loglikelihood methods with structured penalty terms.
This package contains functions, data and examples to compute a multiplicative-regression model for relative survival.
Provide a sample size calculator for micro-randomized
    trials (MRTs) based on methodology developed in Sample Size Calculations for
    Micro-randomized Trials in mHealth by Liao et al. (2016) <DOI:10.1002/sim.6847>.
The Bayesian procedure starts with one warplet in the model and uses the posterior distributions as priors for a more extended model with one more warplet. The model is built with adding one warplet at a time and allows for amplitude variations.
Calculates ARMSS (age related multiple sclerosis severity), and both local and global MSSS (multiple sclerosis severity score).
Multi-step adaptive elastic-net (MSAENet) algorithm for
    feature selection in high-dimensional regressions proposed in
    Xiao and Xu (2015) <DOI:10.1080/00949655.2015.1016944>,
    with support for multi-step adaptive MCP-net (MSAMNet) and
    multi-step adaptive SCAD-net (MSASNet) methods.
The new methodology "moving subset analysis" provides functions to investigate the effect of environmental conditions on the CO2 fertilization effect within longterm free air carbon enrichment (FACE)  experiments. In general, the functionality is applicable to derive the influence of a third variable (forcing experiment-support variable) on the relation between a dependent and an independent variable.
Statistical Analyses of Methylation-sensitive Amplification Polymorphism (MSAP) assays.
Visualises multiple sequence alignments dynamically within the
    Shiny web application framework.
Common mass spectrometry tools described in John Roboz (2013) <doi:10.1201/b15436>. It allows checking element
 isotopes, calculating (isotope labelled) exact monoisitopic mass, m/z values and mass accuracy, and inspecting possible contaminant mass peaks,
 examining possible adducts in electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)
 ion sources.
Performs Bayesian nonparametric multiscale density estimation and multiscale testing of group differences with multiscale Bernstein polynomials (msBP) mixtures as in Canale and Dunson (2016).
Create native charts for 'Microsoft PowerPoint' and 'Microsoft Word' documents. 
 These can then be edited and annotated. Functions are provided to let users create charts, modify 
 and format their content. The chart's underlying data is automatically saved within the 
 'Word' document or 'PowerPoint' presentation. It extends package 'officer' that does 
 not contain any feature for 'Microsoft' native charts production.
Three generalizations of the synthetic control method (which has 
    already an implementation in package 'Synth') are implemented: first, 
    'MSCMT' allows for using multiple outcome variables, second, time series 
    can be supplied as economic predictors, and third, a well-defined 
    cross-validation approach can be used.
    Much effort has been taken to make the implementation as stable as possible 
    (including edge cases) without losing computational efficiency.
    A detailed description of the main algorithms is given in 
    Becker and Klößner (2018) <doi:10.1016/j.ecosta.2017.08.002>.
Find common entities detected in both positive and negative
    ionization mode, delete this entity in the less sensible mode and combine both
    matrices.
R Client for the Microsoft Cognitive Services Text Analytics
    REST API, including Sentiment Analysis, Topic Detection, Language Detection,
    and Key Phrase Extraction. An account MUST be registered at the Microsoft
    Cognitive Services website <https://www.microsoft.com/cognitive-services/>
    in order to obtain a (free) API key. Without an API key, this package will
    not work properly.
R Client for the Microsoft Cognitive Services Web Language Model
    REST API, including Break Into Words, Calculate Conditional
    Probability, Calculate Joint Probability, Generate Next Words, and List
    Available Models. A valid account MUST be registered at the Microsoft
    Cognitive Services website <https://www.microsoft.com/cognitive-services/>
    in order to obtain a (free) API key. Without an API key, this package will
    not work properly.
Efficient procedures for computing a new Multi-Class Sparse Discriminant Analysis method that estimates all discriminant directions simultaneously.
Implements an MCMC sampler for the posterior distribution of arbitrary time-homogeneous multivariate stochastic differential equation (SDE) models with possibly latent components.  The package provides a simple entry point to integrate user-defined models directly with the sampler's C++ code, and parallelizes large portions of the calculations when compiled with 'OpenMP'.
Parametric estimation in stochastic differential equations with random effects in the drift, or in the diffusion or both. Approximate maximum likelihood methods are used. M. Delattre, V. Genon-Catalot and A. Samson (2012) <doi:10.1111/j.1467-9469.2012.00813.x> M. Delattre, V. Genon-Catalot and A. Samson (2015) <doi:10.1051/ps/2015006> M. Delattre, V. Genon-Catalot and A. Samson (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.jspi.2015.12.003>.
This package provides functions for metabolite set
        enrichment analysis (MSEA) and principal component analysis
        (PCA), and converting metabolite set list from your own csv
        files or KEGG's tar.gz files to XML documents.  This package is
        suitable for computation of MSEA for factor loading in PCA.
Package for the detection of molecules in complex mixtures
        of compounds. It creates an initial_DATA matrix from several
        GC-MS analyses by collecting and assembling the information
        from chromatograms and mass spectra (MS.DataCreation), It can
        read several format (ASCII, CDF, mzML, mzXML or mzData).It
        tests for the best unsupervised clustering method to group
        similar mass spectra into molecules (MS.test.clust).It runs the
        optimal unsupervised clustering method on the initial_DATA
        matrix, identifies the optimal number of clusters, produces
        different files for facilitating the quality control and
        identification of putative molecules, and returns
        fingerprinting or profiling matrices (MS.clust).It converts
        output files from MS.clust for NIST mass spectral library
        search and ARISTO webtool search
A Tcl/Tk GUI for some basic functions in the MSeasy
        package
A companion to the Chinese book ``Modern Statistical Graphics''.
Fit (by Maximum Likelihood or MCMC/Bayesian), simulate, and forecast various Markov-Switching GARCH models as described in Ardia et al. (2017) <https://ssrn.com/abstract=2845809>.
For fitting multivariate response and multiple predictor linear regressions with an arbitrary group structure assigned on the regression coefficient matrix, using the multivariate sparse group lasso and the mixed coordinate descent algorithm.
A fast C-based encoder and streaming decoder for the
             'messagepack' data format. 'Messagepack' is similar in structure
             to 'JSON' but uses a more compact binary encoding. Based on the
             CWPack C library.
This is the library that can serialize or unserialize MessagePack format data.
This package computes the degrees of freedom of the lasso,
        elastic net, generalized elastic net and adaptive lasso based
        on the generalized path seeking algorithm.  The optimal model
        can be selected by model selection criteria including Mallows'
        Cp, bias-corrected AIC (AICc), generalized cross validation
        (GCV) and BIC.
A number of utilities for developing and maintaining error, warning,
    and other messages in R packages, including checking for consistency across
    messages, spell-checking messages, and building message translations into
    various languages for purposes of localization.
Provides the 'Molecular Signatures Database' (MSigDB) gene sets
    used with the 'Gene Set Enrichment Analysis' (GSEA) software (Subramanian et
    al. 2005 <doi:10.1073/pnas.0506580102>, Liberzon et al. 2015
    <doi:10.1016/j.cels.2015.12.004>) for various frequently studied model
    organisms in a standard R data frame with key-value pairs.
An R package for dimension reduction based on finite Gaussian mixture modeling of inverse regression.
A decision tree classifier for detecting microsatellite instability (MSI) in somatic mutation data from whole exome sequencing. MSI is detected based on different mutation rates in all sites as well as in simple sequence repeats. This mechanism can also be applied to sequence data of targeted gene panels with shorter sequence length.
Analysis of annual average ocean water level time series
    from long (minimum length 80 years) individual records, providing improved
    estimates of trend (mean sea level) and associated real-time velocities and
    accelerations. Improved trend estimates are based on Singular Spectrum Analysis
    methods. Various gap-filling options are included to accommodate incomplete time
    series records. The package also contains a forecasting module to consider the
    implication of user defined quantum of sea level rise between the end of the
    available historical record and the year 2100. A wide range of screen and pdf
    plotting options are available in the package.
Functions for fitting continuous-time Markov and hidden
    Markov multi-state models to longitudinal data.  Designed for
    processes observed at arbitrary times in continuous time (panel data)
    but some other observation schemes are supported. Both Markov
    transition rates and the hidden Markov output process can be modelled
    in terms of covariates, which may be constant or piecewise-constant
    in time.
Several functions can be used to analyze multiblock multivariable data. If the input is a single matrix, then principal components analysis (PCA) is implemented. If the input is a list of matrices, then multiblock PCA is implemented. If the input is two matrices, for exploratory and objective variables, then partial least squares (PLS) analysis is implemented. If the input is two lists of matrices, for exploratory and objective variables, then multiblock PLS analysis is implemented. Additionally, if an extra outcome variable is specified, then a supervised version of the methods above is implemented. For each method, sparse modeling is also incorporated. Functions for selecting the number of components and regularized parameters are also provided.
Functions and datasets from Hilbe, J.M., and Robinson, A.P. 2013. Methods of Statistical Model Estimation. Chapman & Hall / CRC.
A fast and general method for restructuring classical longitudinal data into
    augmented ones. The reason for this is to facilitate the modeling of longitudinal data under
    a multi-state framework using the 'msm' package.
Contains necessary Multivariate Analysis methods and data sets used
    in John Marden's book Multivariate Statistics: Old School (2015) <ISBN:978-1456538835>.
    This is also serves as a companion package for the 
    STAT 571: Multivariate Analysis course at the University of Illinois
    at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC).
This is a toolkit for multivariate process monitoring. It computes several multivariate control charts e.g. Hotelling, Chi-squared, MEWMA, MCUSUM and Generalized Variance. Ten didactic datasets are included. It includes some techniques for assessing multivariate normality e.g. Mardia's, Royston's and Henze-Zirkler's tests. Please, see the NEWS file for the latest changes in the package.
Discrete Morse-Smale complex approximation based on kNN graph. The Morse-Smale complex provides a decomposition of the domain. This package provides methods to compute a hierarchical sequence of Morse-Smale complicies and tools that exploit this domain decomposition for regression and visualization of scalar functions.
Can be used to query data from data from Microsoft SQL Server (MSSQL, see <http://www.microsoft.com/sqlserver/> for more information). Based on the concepts of Entity Framework, the package allows querying data from MSSQL Database.
Nonparametric estimation for right censored, left truncated time to event data in multistate models.
Constructs trees for multivariate survival data using marginal and frailty models.
    Grows, prunes, and selects the best-sized tree.
Contains functions for data preparation, descriptives, hazard estimation and prediction with Aalen-Johansen or simulation in competing risks and multi-state models, see Putter, Fiocco, Geskus (2007) <doi:10.1002/sim.2712>.
Software to aid in modeling and analyzing mass-spectrometry-based
    proteome melting data. Quantitative data is imported and normalized and
    thermal behavior is modeled at the protein level. Methods exist for
    normalization, modeling, visualization, and export of results. For a
    general introduction to MS-based thermal profiling, see Savitski et al.
    (2014) <doi:10.1126/science.1255784>.
Generation of response patterns under dichotomous and polytomous computerized multistage testing (MST) framework. It holds various item response theory (IRT) and score-based methods to select the next module and estimate ability levels (Magis, Yan and von Davier (2017, ISBN:978-3-319-69218-0)).
Estimators for multivariate symmetrical uncertainty based
    on the work of Gustavo Sosa et al. (2016) <arXiv:1709.08730>,
    total correlation, information gain and symmetrical uncertainty of
    categorical variables.
Univariate Autoregressive Markov Switching Models for Linear and Generalized Models
Build multiscalar territorial analysis based on various contexts.
Read data in the 'MTConnect'<http://www.mtconnect.org/> standard.
    You can use the package to read data from historical 'MTConnect logs' along
    with the 'devices.xml' describing
    the device. The data is organised into a 'MTConnectDevice' S4 data structure
    and some convenience methods are also provided for basic read/view operations.
    The package also includes some functions for analysis of 'MTConnect' data. This includes
    functions to simulate data (primarily position data, feed rate and velocities) 
    based on the G code and visualisation functions to compare the actual and simulated data.
The Mass Transportation Distance rank histogram was developed to assess the reliability of scenarios with equal or different probabilities of occurrence <doi:10.1002/we.1872>.
Provides several robust estimators for linear regression and variable selection. They are Maximum tangent likelihood estimator (Qin, et al. (2017) <arXiv:1708.05439>), least absolute deviance estimator, and Huber loss. The penalized version of each of these estimator incorporates L1 penalty function, i.e., LASSO and Adaptive Lasso. They are able to produce consistent estimates for both fixed and high-dimensional settings.
Calculate Sample Size and Post-Hoc Power of
    Association Studies Involving Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups.
    Based on formulae by Samuels et al. AJHG, 2006. 78(4):713-720. <DOI:10.1086/502682>.
MTK (Mexico ToolKit) is a generic platform for the sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of complex models. It provides functions and facilities for experimental design, model simulation, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, methods integration and data reporting, etc.
Multivariate Time Series (MTS) is a general package for analyzing multivariate linear time series and estimating multivariate volatility models. It also handles factor models, constrained factor models, asymptotic principal component analysis commonly used in finance and econometrics, and principal volatility component analysis.  (a) For the multivariate linear time series analysis, the package performs model specification, estimation, model checking, and prediction for many widely used models, including vector AR models, vector MA models, vector ARMA models, seasonal vector ARMA models, VAR models with exogenous variables, multivariate regression models with time series errors, augmented VAR models, and Error-correction VAR models for co-integrated time series. For model specification, the package performs structural specification to overcome the difficulties of identifiability of VARMA models. The methods used for structural specification include Kronecker indices and Scalar Component Models.  (b) For multivariate volatility modeling, the MTS package handles several commonly used models, including multivariate exponentially weighted moving-average volatility, Cholesky decomposition volatility models, dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) models, copula-based volatility models, and low-dimensional BEKK models. The package also considers multiple tests for conditional heteroscedasticity, including rank-based statistics.  (c) Finally, the MTS package also performs forecasting using diffusion index, transfer function analysis, Bayesian estimation of VAR models, and multivariate time series analysis with missing values.Users can also use the package to simulate VARMA models, to compute impulse response functions of a fitted VARMA model, and to calculate theoretical cross-covariance matrices of a given VARMA model.
This is an EM algorithm based method for imputation of missing values in multivariate normal time series. The imputation algorithm accounts for both spatial and temporal correlation structures. Temporal patterns can be modeled using an ARIMA(p,d,q), optionally with seasonal components, a non-parametric cubic spline or generalized additive models with exogenous covariates. This algorithm is specially tailored for climate data with missing measurements from several monitors along a given region.
Mahalanobis-Taguchi (MT) system is a collection of multivariate
    analysis methods developed for the field of quality engineering. MT system
    consists of two families depending on their purpose. One is a family of
    Mahalanobis-Taguchi (MT) methods (in the broad sense) for diagnosis (see
    Woodall, W. H., Koudelik, R., Tsui, K. L., Kim, S. B., Stoumbos, Z. G., and
    Carvounis, C. P. (2003) <doi:10.1198/004017002188618626>) and the other is a
    family of Taguchi (T) methods for forecasting (see Kawada, H., and Nagata, Y.
    (2015) <doi:10.17929/tqs.1.12>). The MT package contains three basic methods
    for the family of MT methods and one basic method for the family of T
    methods. The MT method (in the narrow sense), the Mahalanobis-Taguchi
    Adjoint (MTA) methods, and the Recognition-Taguchi (RT) method are for the
    MT method and the two-sided Taguchi (T1) method is for the family of T
    methods. In addition, the Ta and Tb methods, which are the improved versions
    of the T1 method, are included.
Provides programmatic access to the Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) <https://www.mturk.com/mturk/welcome> Requester API.
A graphical user interface (GUI) for the MTurkR package.
Functions for downloading flight data from
        http://www.munich-airport.de and for analyzing flight patterns.
A data package containing public domain information on requests made by the
             'MuckRock' (https://www.muckrock.com/) project under the United States
             Freedom of Information Act.
Formatting and structuring multi-parameter spatiotemporal data
  is often a time-consuming task. This package offers functions and data structures 
  designed to easily organize and visualize these data for applications in geology, 
  paleolimnology, dendrochronology, and paleoclimate. See Dunnington and Spooner (2018)
  <doi:10.1139/facets-2017-0026>.
Nonparametric item response theory (IRT) model for nonmonotonic IRFs, which is fruitful for scale analysis of proximity items.
Implements an estimator for relative risk based on the median unbiased estimator. The relative risk estimator is well defined and performs satisfactorily for a wide range of data configurations. The details of the method are available in Carter et al (2010) <doi:10.1111/j.1467-9876.2010.00711.x>.
This package builds multi-fidelity cokriging models from
        responses with different levels of fidelity.  Important
        functions : MuFicokm, predict.MuFicokm, summary.MuFicokm.
A package for producing a smooth estimate of the hazard
        function for censored data.
Constructing hierarchical Voronoi tessellations for a given data set and overlay
    heatmap for variables at various levels of the tessellations for in-depth data analysis. See <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voronoi_diagram> for more information. Credits to Mu Sigma for their continuous support throughout the development of the package.
A simple tool allowing users to easily and dynamically explore or document a data set using a tree structure.
Generates Muller plot from parental/genealogy/phylogeny information and population/abundance/frequency dynamics data.
    Muller plots are plots which combine information about succession of different OTUs (genotypes, phenotypes, species, ...) and information about dynamics of their abundances (populations or frequencies) over time. They are powerful and fascinating tools to visualize evolutionary dynamics. They may be employed also in study of diversity and its dynamics, i.e. how diversity emerges and how changes over time. They are called Muller plots in honor of Hermann Joseph Muller which used them to explain his idea of Muller's ratchet (Muller, 1932, American Naturalist).
    A big difference between Muller plots and normal box plots of abundances is that a Muller plot depicts not only the relative abundances but also succession of OTUs based on their genealogy/phylogeny/parental relation. In a Muller plot, horizontal axis is time/generations and vertical axis represents relative abundances of OTUs at the corresponding times/generations. Different OTUs are usually shown with polygons with different colors and each OTU originates somewhere in the middle of its parent area in order to illustrate their succession in evolutionary process.
    To generate a Muller plot one needs the genealogy/phylogeny/parental relation of OTUs and their abundances over time.
    MullerPlot package has the tools to generate Muller plots which clearly depict the origin of successors of OTUs.
Integer Programming Formulations Applied to Univariate and Multivariate Allocation Problems.
Simultaneous tests and confidence intervals
  for general linear hypotheses in parametric models, including 
  linear, generalized linear, linear mixed effects, and survival models.
  The package includes demos reproducing analyzes presented
  in the book "Multiple Comparisons Using R" (Bretz, Hothorn, 
  Westfall, 2010, CRC Press).
Convert a logical vector or a vector of
    p-values or a correlation, difference, or distance
    matrix into a display identifying the pairs for
    which the differences were not significantly
    different.  Designed for use in conjunction with
    the output of functions like TukeyHSD, dist{stats},
    simint, simtest, csimint, csimtest{multcomp},
    friedmanmc, kruskalmc{pgirmess}.
Allows to perform the multivariate version of the Diebold-Mariano test for equal predictive ability of multiple forecast comparison. Main reference: Mariano, R.S., Preve, D. (2012) <doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2012.01.014>.
Multiregression Dynamic Models for directed dynamic functional brain network analysis.
Equivalence tests and related confidence intervals for the
        comparison of two treatments, simultaneously for one or many
        normally distributed, primary response variables (endpoints).
        The step-up procedure of Quan et al. (2001) is both applied for
        differences and extended to ratios of means. A related
        single-step procedure is also available.
Calculates exact hypothesis tests to compare a treatment and a reference group with respect to multiple binary endpoints.
    The tested null hypothesis is an identical multidimensional distribution of successes and failures in both groups. The alternative
    hypothesis is a larger success proportion in the treatment group in at least one endpoint. The tests are based on the multivariate
    permutation distribution of subjects between the two groups. For this permutation distribution, rejection regions are calculated 
    that satisfy one of different possible optimization criteria. In particular, regions with maximal exhaustion of the nominal
    significance level, maximal power under a specified alternative or maximal number of elements can be found. Optimization is achieved
    by a branch-and-bound algorithm. By application of the closed testing principle, the global hypothesis tests are extended to multiple
    testing procedures.
GEE solver for correlated nominal or ordinal multinomial responses using a local odds ratios parameterization.
Multivariate genome-wide association analyses. The analysis can be
    performed on individual-level data or multiple single-trait genome-wide summary
    statistics.
The base apply function and its variants, as well as the related functions in the 'plyr' package, typically apply user-defined functions to a single argument (or a list of vectorized arguments in the case of mapply). The 'multiApply' package extends this paradigm to functions taking a list of multiple unidimensional or multidimensional arguments (or combinations thereof) as input, which can have different numbers of dimensions as well as different dimension lengths.
Efficient finite difference method for valuing European and American multi-asset options.
Algorithms for performing joint parameter estimation in
    astronomical survey data acquired in multiple bands.
Computationally efficient functions to provide direct likelihood-based
    inference for partially-observed multivariate birth-death processes.  Such processes
    range from a simple Yule model to the complex susceptible-infectious-removed model
    in disease dynamics.  Efficient likelihood evaluation facilitates maximum likelihood
    estimation and Bayesian inference.
A GUI with which users can construct and interact
        with Multibiplot Analysis and provides inferential results by using Bootstrap Methods.
Implements a generalization of the Cochran-Armitage trend test to
    multinomial data. In addition to an overall test, multiple testing adjusted
    p-values for trend in individual outcomes and power calculation is
    available.
Given a set of models for which a measure of model (mis)fit and model complexity is provided, CHull(), developed by Ceulemans and Kiers (2006) <doi:10.1348/000711005X64817>, determines the models that are located on the boundary of the convex hull and selects an optimal model by means of the scree test values.
A toolkit containing statistical analysis models motivated by multivariate forms of the Conway-Maxwell-Poisson (COM-Poisson) distribution for flexible modeling of multivariate count data, especially in the presence of data dispersion. Currently the package only supports bivariate data, via the bivariate COM-Poisson distribution described in Sellers et al. (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2016.04.007>. Future development will extend the package to higher-dimensional data.
This package provides a tool for analysis of multiple CNV.
Includes functions designed to examine relationships among multivariate constructs (e.g., personality). This includes functions for profile (within-person) analysis, dealing with large numbers of analyses, lens model analyses, and structural summary methods for data with circumplex structure. The package also includes functions for graphically comparing and displaying group means.
A set of tools to permute multisets without loops or hash tables and to generate integer partitions. The permutation functions are based on C code from Aaron Williams. Cool-lex order is similar to colexicographical order. The algorithm is described in Williams, A. (2009)  <DOI:10.1145/1496770.1496877> Loopless Generation of Multiset Permutations by Prefix Shifts. Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, New York, United States. The permutation code is distributed without restrictions. The code for stable and efficient computation of multinomial coefficients comes from Dave Barber. The code can be download from <http://tamivox.org/dave/multinomial/code.html> and is distributed without conditions. The package also generates the integer partitions of a positive, non-zero integer n. The C++ code for this is based on Python code from Jerome Kelleher which can be found here <http://jeromekelleher.net/tag/integer-partitions.html>. The C++ code and Python code are distributed without conditions.
Code to support a systems biology research program from inception through publication.  The methods focus on dimension reduction approaches to detect patterns in complex, multivariate experimental data and places an emphasis on informative visualizations.  The goal for this project is to create a package that will evolve over time, thereby remaining relevant and reflective of current methods and techniques.  As a result, we encourage suggested additions to the package, both methodological and graphical.
Deals with several images of a same object, constituted of different zones. Each image constitutes a variable for a given pixel. The user can interactively select different zones of an image. Then, multivariate analysis (PCA) can be run in order to characterize the different selected zones, according to the different images. Hotelling (Hotelling, 1931, <doi:10.1214/aoms/1177732979>) and Srivastava (Srivastava, 2009, <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2006.11.002>) tests can be run to detect multivariate differences between the zones.
Read a table of fixed width formatted data of different types into
    a data.frame for each type.
Uses a transformed, rotated and optionally adapted n-dimensional
    grid of quadrature points to calculate the numerical integral of n multivariate
    normal distributed parameters.
Functions to plot and manipulate multigraphs, signed, weighted multigraphs, and bipartite graphs with different layout options.
Several functions are presented in order to study data in a group structure,
     where the same set of variables are measured on different groups of
    individuals.
Computing transitive (and non-transitive) index numbers (Coelli et al., 2005 <doi:10.1007/b136381>) for cross-sections and panel data. For the calculation of transitive indexes, the EKS (Coelli et al., 2005 <doi:10.1007/b136381>; Rao et al., 2002 <doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0851-9_4>) and Minimum spanning tree (Hill, 2004 <doi:10.1257/0002828043052178>) methods are implemented. Traditional fixed-base and chained indexes, and their growth rates, can also be derived using the Paasche, Laspeyres, Fisher and Tornqvist formulas.
Framework for the Item Response Theory analysis of dichotomous and ordinal polytomous outcomes under the assumption of multidimensionality and discreteness of the latent traits. The fitting algorithms allow for missing responses and for different item parameterizations and are based on the Expectation-Maximization paradigm. Individual covariates affecting the class weights may be included in the new version (since 2.1).
The functions in this package are designed to be used in the analysis of multilevel data by applied psychologists.  The package includes functions for estimating common within-group agreement and reliability indices. The package also contains basic data manipulation functions that facilitate the analysis of multilevel and longitudinal data.
Conducts and visualizes propensity score analysis for multilevel, 
  or clustered data. Bryer & Pruzek (2011) <doi:10.1080/00273171.2011.636693>.
Traditional and spatial capture-mark-recapture analysis with
    multiple non-invasive marks. The models implemented in 'multimark' combine
    encounter history data arising from two different non-invasive ``marks'',
    such as images of left-sided and right-sided pelage patterns of bilaterally
    asymmetrical species, to estimate abundance and related demographic
    parameters while accounting for imperfect detection. Bayesian models are
    specified using simple formulae and fitted using Markov chain Monte Carlo.
    Addressing deficiencies in currently available software, 'multimark' also
    provides a user-friendly interface for performing Bayesian multimodel
    inference using non-spatial or spatial capture-recapture data consisting of a single
    conventional mark or multiple non-invasive marks.
Allows running a meta-analysis of multivariate Genome Wide
    Association Studies (GWAS) and easily visualizing results through custom
    plotting functions. The multivariate setting implies that results for each
    single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) include several effect sizes (also
    known as "beta coefficients", one for each trait), as well as related
    variance values, but also covariance between the betas. The main goal of
    the package is to provide combined beta coefficients across different
    cohorts, together with the combined variance/covariance matrix. The method
    is inverse-variance based, thus each beta is weighted by the inverse of its
    variance-covariance matrix, before taking the average across all betas. The
    default options of the main function \code{multi_meta} will work with files
    obtained from GEMMA multivariate option for GWAS (Zhou & Stephens, 2014).
    It will work with any other output, as soon as columns are formatted to
    have the according names. The package also provides several plotting
    functions for QQ-plots, Manhattan Plots and custom summary plots.
Different examples and methods for testing (including different proposals described in Ameijeiras-Alonso et al., 2016 <arXiv:1609.05188>) and exploring (including the mode tree, mode forest and SiZer) the number of modes using nonparametric techniques.
This is a likelihood approach for the regression analysis of overdispersed correlated count data with cluster varying covariates. The approach fits a multivariate negative binomial model by maximum likelihood and provides robust estimates of the regression coefficients.
Functions for the creation/generation and analysis of multilayer social networks.
Analyze multilevel networks as described in Lazega et al (2008)
    <doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2008.02.001> and in Lazega and Snijders 
    (2016, ISBN:978-3-319-24520-1). The package was developed essentially as an 
    extension to 'igraph'.
An implementation of a method for building simultaneous
        confidence intervals for the probabilities of a multinomial
        distribution given a set of observations, proposed by Sison and
        Glaz in their paper Sison, C.P and J. Glaz. Simultaneous
        confidence intervals and sample size determination for
        multinomial proportions. Journal of the American Statistical
        Association, 90:366-369 (1995).  The method is an R translation
        of the SAS code implemented by May and Johnson in their paper:
        May, W.L. and W.D. Johnson. Constructing two-sided simultaneous
        confidence intervals for multinomial proportions for small
        counts in a large number of cells. Journal of Statistical
        Software 5(6) (2000). Paper and code available at
        http://www.jstatsoft.org/v05/i06
MNL and overdispersed multinomial regression using robust
        (LQD and tanh) estimation
A method for multivariate ordinal data generation given marginal distributions and correlation matrix based on the methodology proposed by Demirtas (2006).
Tools to create a layout for figures made of multiple panels, and
    to fill the panels with base, 'lattice', 'ggplot2' and 'ComplexHeatmap'
    plots, grobs, and PNG, JPEG, SVG and TIFF images.
Performs variable importance analysis using a causal inference approach. This is done by fitting Population Intervention Models. The default is to use a Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimator (TMLE). The other available estimators are Inverse Probability of Censoring Weighted (IPCW), Double-Robust IPCW (DR-IPCW), and Graphical Computation (G-COMP) estimators. Inference can be obtained from the influence curve (plug-in) or by bootstrapping.
Provides the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test and its variations to check the existence of bubbles (explosive behavior) for time series, based on the article by Peter C. B. Phillips, Shuping Shi and Jun Yu (2015a) <doi:10.1111/iere.12131>. Some functions may take a while depending on the size of the data used, or the number of Monte Carlo replications applied.
Fit Cox proportional hazard models with a weighted 
  partial likelihood. It handles one or multiple endpoints, additional matching 
  and makes it possible to reuse controls for other endpoints.
Algebraic procedures for the analysis of multiple social networks are delivered with 
	    this package. Among other things, it makes possible to create and manipulate multivariate 
	    network data with different formats, and there are effective ways available to treat multiple 
	    networks with routines that combine algebraic systems like the partially ordered semigroup or 
	    the semiring structure together with the relational bundles occurring in different types of 
	    multivariate network data sets. It also provides an algebraic approach for two-mode networks 
	    through Galois derivations between families of the pairs of subsets in the two domains.
Functions are provided for calculating efficiency using multiplier DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis): Measuring the efficiency of decision making units (Charnes et al., 1978 <doi:10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8>) and cross efficiency using single and two-phase approach. In addition, it includes some datasets for calculating efficiency and cross efficiency.
Various utilities to manipulate multivariate polynomials.
Functions to calculate Unique Trait Combinations (UTC) and scaled
    Unique Trait Combinations (sUTC) as measures of multivariate richness. The
    package can also calculate beta-diversity for trait richness and can
    partition this into nestedness-related and turnover components. The code
    will also calculate several measures of overlap.
Pseudo-random number generation for 11 multivariate distributions: Normal, t, Uniform, Bernoulli, Hypergeometric, Beta (Dirichlet), Multinomial, Dirichlet-Multinomial, Laplace, Wishart, and Inverted Wishart.
Tools to solve real-world problems with multiple classes by computing the areas under ROC curve via micro-averaging and macro-averaging. The methodology is described in V. Van Asch (2013) <https://www.clips.uantwerpen.be/~vincent/pdf/microaverage.pdf> and Pedregosa et al. (2011) <http://scikit-learn.org/stable/auto_examples/model_selection/plot_roc.html>.
Calculates bias, precision, and power for multi-level random regressions. Random regressions are types of hierarchical models in which data are structured in groups and (regression) coefficients can vary by groups. Tools to estimate model performance are designed mostly for scenarios where (regression) coefficients vary at just one level. 'MultiRR' provides simulation and analytical tools (based on 'lme4') to study model performance for random regressions that vary at more than one level (multi-level random regressions), allowing researchers to determine optimal sampling designs.
Uses multiple AUCs to select a combination of predictors when the outcome has multiple (ordered) levels and the focus is discriminating one particular level from the others. This method is most naturally applied to settings where the outcome has three levels. (Meisner, A, Parikh, CR, and Kerr, KF (2017) <http://biostats.bepress.com/uwbiostat/paper423/>.)
Functions to perform sensitivity analysis on a model with multivariate output.
We implement multisite causal mediation analysis using the methods proposed by Qin and Hong (in press). It enables causal mediation analysis in multisite trials, in which individuals are assigned to a treatment or a control group at each site. It allows for estimation and hypothesis testing for not only the population average but also the between-site variance of direct and indirect effects. This strategy conveniently relaxes the assumption of no treatment-by-mediator interaction while greatly simplifying the outcome model specification without invoking strong distributional assumptions.
Computes the third multivariate cumulant of either the raw, centered or standardized data. Computes the main measures of multivariate skewness, together with their bootstrap distributions. Finally, computes the least skewed linear projections of the data.
Implements two versions of the algorithm namely: stochastic and batch. The package determines also the best number of clusters and offers to the user the best clustering scheme from different results.
The multispatial convergent cross mapping algorithm can be used as a test for causal associations between pairs of processes represented by time series. This is a combination of convergent cross mapping (CCM), described in Sugihara et al., 2012, Science, 338, 496-500, and dew-drop regression, described in Hsieh et al., 2008, American Naturalist, 171, 71–80. The algorithm allows CCM to be implemented on data that are not from a single long time series. Instead, data can come from many short time series, which are stitched together using bootstrapping.
Medical researchers are often interested in investigating the relationship between explicative variables and multiple times-to-event. Time-inhomogeneous Markov models consist of modelling the probabilities of transitions according to the chronological times (times since the baseline of the study). Semi-Markov (SM) models consist of modelling the probabilities of transitions according to the times spent in states. In this package, we propose functions implementing such 3-state and 4-state multivariable and multistate models. The user can introduce multiple covariates to estimate conditional (subject-specific) effects. We also propose to adjust for possible confounding factors by using the Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW). When a state is patient death, the user can consider to take into account the mortality of the general population (relative survival approach). Finally, in the particular situation of one initial transient state and two competing and absorbing states, this package allows for estimating mixture models.
MultiSV is an R package for identification of structural
    variations in multiple populations based on whole genome resequencing. It
    fits linear mixed model and identifies structural variations in multiple
    populations using whole genome sequencing data. It could also be
    manipulated to use on RNA-seq data for differential gene expression
    (implementation in future releases). Main steps for analysis include
    generating read depth in bins using ComputeBinCounts. conversion of bins to
    MultiSV format using Bin2MultiSV. Finally, identification of structural
    variations using CallMultiSV.
Implements multitaper spectral analysis using discrete prolate spheroidal sequences (Slepians) and sine tapers. It includes an adaptive weighted multitaper spectral estimate, a coherence estimate, Thomson's Harmonic F-test, and complex demodulation. The Slepians sequences are generated efficiently using a tridiagonal matrix solution, and jackknifed confidence intervals are available for most estimates.
Distance multivariance is a measure of dependence which can be used to detect 
    and quantify dependence. The necessary functions are implemented in this packages, 
    and examples are given. For the theoretic background we refer to the papers:
    B. Böttcher, M. Keller-Ressel, R.L. Schilling, Detecting independence of random vectors I. Generalized distance covariance and Gaussian covariance. Preprint 2017, <arXiv:1711.07778>.
    B. Böttcher, M. Keller-Ressel, R.L. Schilling, Detecting independence of random vectors II. Distance multivariance and Gaussian multivariance. Preprint 2017, <arXiv:1711.07775>.
    B. Böttcher, Dependence Structures - Estimation and Visualization Using Distance Multivariance. Preprint 2017, <arXiv:1712.06532>.
Models and predicts multiple output features in single random forest considering the 
    linear relation among the output features, see details in Rahman et al (2017)<doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw765>.
Fully parametric Bayesian multiple imputation framework for massive multivariate data of different variable types as seen in Demirtas, H. (2017) <doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3307-0_8>.
It performs variable selection in a multivariate linear model by estimating the covariance matrix 
 of the residuals then use it to remove the dependence that may exist among the responses and eventually performs variable selection by using the Lasso criterion.
 The method is described in the paper Perrot-Dockès et al. (2017) <arXiv:1704.00076>.
A multivariate generalization of the emulator package.
Computation of an estimation of the long-memory parameters and
     the long-run covariance matrix using a multivariate model
	 (Lobato (1999) <doi:10.1016/S0304-4076(98)00038-4>; Shimotsu (2007) <doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2006.01.003>). Two semi-parametric methods are
	 implemented: a Fourier based approach (Shimotsu (2007) <doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2006.01.003>) and a wavelet based
	 approach (Achard and Gannaz (2016) <doi:10.1111/jtsa.12170>).
Fits multi-way component models via alternating least squares algorithms with optional constraints: orthogonal, non-negative, unimodal, monotonic, periodic, smooth, or structure. Fit models include Individual Differences Scaling, Parallel Factor Analysis (1 and 2), Simultaneous Component Analysis, and Tucker Factor Analysis.
Exports two functions implementing
    multi-way clustering using the method suggested by Cameron, Gelbach, &
    Miller (2011) and cluster (or block)
    bootstrapping for estimating variance-covariance matrices. Normal one and
    two-way clustering matches the results of other common statistical
    packages.  Missing values are handled transparently and rudimentary
    parallelization support is provided.
A collection of multivariate nonparametric methods, selected in
    part to support an MS level course in nonparametric statistical methods. Methods
    include adjustments for multiple comparisons, implementation of multivariate
    Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon testing, inversion of these tests to produce a confidence
    region, some permutation tests for linear models, and some algorithms for
    calculating exact probabilities associated with one- and two- stage testing
    involving Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon statistics.
Implementation of commonly used p-value-based and
        parametric multiple testing procedures (computation of adjusted
        p-values and simultaneous confidence intervals) and parallel
        gatekeeping procedures based on the methodology presented in
        the book "Multiple Testing Problems in Pharmaceutical
        Statistics" (edited by Alex Dmitrienko, Ajit C. Tamhane and
        Frank Bretz) published by Chapman and Hall/CRC Press 2009.
Preprocessing of high-throughput data (normalization and
        scalings); Principal Component Analysis with help tool for
        choosing best-separating principal components and automatic
        testing for outliers; automatic univariate analysis for
        parametric and non-parametric data, with generation of specific
        reports (volcano and box plots); partial least square
        discriminant analysis (PLS-DA); orthogonal partial least square
        discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA); Statistical Total Correlation
        Spectroscopy (STOCSY); Ratio Analysis Nuclear Magnetic
        Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy (RANSY).
Tools for performing model selection and model averaging. Automated
			 model selection through subsetting the maximum model, with optional
			 constraints for model inclusion. Model parameter and prediction
			 averaging based on model weights derived from information criteria
			 (AICc and alike) or custom model weighting schemes.
Multidimensional unfolding using Schoenemann's algorithm for metric
   and Procrustes rotation of unfolding results.
Provides easy access to, and manipulation of, the Munsell 
    colours. Provides a mapping between Munsell's 
    original notation (e.g. "5R 5/10") and hexadecimal strings suitable 
    for use directly in R graphics. Also provides utilities 
    to explore slices through the Munsell colour tree, to transform 
    Munsell colours and display colour palettes.
Methods for interpolating data in the Munsell color system following the ASTM D-1535 standard. Hues and chromas with decimal values can be interpolated and converted to/from the Munsell color system and CIE xyY, CIE XYZ, sRGB, CIE Lab or CIE Luv. Chromas can be odd and hue steps can be real numbers. Based on the work by Paul Centore, "The Munsell and Kubelka-Munk Toolbox".
Provides mailmerge methods for reading spreadsheets of addresses and other relevant information to create standardized but customizable letters.  Provides a method for mapping US ZIP codes, including those of letter recipients.  Provides a method for parsing and processing html code from online job postings of the American Political Science Association.
Data and code for the paper by Ehm, Gneiting, Jordan and Krueger ('Of Quantiles and Expectiles: Consistent Scoring Functions, Choquet Representations, and Forecast Rankings', 2015).
Sampling and evaluation methods to apply Monetary Unit Sampling (or in older literature Dollar Unit Sampling) during an audit of financial statements.
Provides functions allowing for (1) easy aggregation of multivariate time series into custom time scales, (2) comparison of statistical summaries between different data sets at multiple time scales (e.g. observed and bias-corrected data), (3) comparison of relations between variables and/or different data sets at multiple time scales (e.g. correlation of precipitation and temperature in control and scenario simulation) and (4) transformation of time series at custom time scales.
This package is a collection of function for converting and modifying mono dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.
Performs Wilcox rank sum test, Kruskal rank sum test,
        Friedman rank sum test and McNemar test.
Main function LR2 calculates likelihood ratio for non-inbred relationships accounting for mutation, silent alleles and theta correction. Egeland, Pinto and Amorim (2017) <DOI:10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.04.018>.
Designed to ease the application and comparison of multiple
    hypothesis testing procedures for FWER, gFWER, FDR and FDX. Methods are 
    standardized and usable by the accompanying 'mutossGUI'.
The mutossGUI package provides a graphical user interface for the MuToss Project.
Cancer cells accumulate DNA mutations as result of DNA damage and DNA repair processes. This computational framework is aimed at deciphering DNA mutational signatures operating in cancer. The input is a numeric matrix of DNA mutation counts detected in a panel of cancer samples. The framework performs Non-negative Matrix Factorization to extract the most likely signatures explaining the observed set of DNA mutations. The framework relies on parallelization and is optimized for use on multi-core systems. This framework is an R-based implementation of the original MATLAB WTSI framework by Alexandrov LB et al (2013) <DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2012.12.008>.
An ensemble classifier for multiclass classification. This is a novel classifier that natively works as an ensemble. It projects data on a large number of matrices, and uses very simple classifiers on each of these projections. The results are then combined, ideally via Dempster-Shafer Calculus.
Functions, data sets, analyses and examples from the book 
  `An Introduction to Applied Multivariate Analysis with R' 
  (Brian S. Everitt and Torsten Hothorn, Springer, 2011).
A set of tools for displaying, modeling and analysing
        multivariate abundance data in community ecology. See
        'mvabund-package.Rd' for details of overall package organization.
        The package is implemented with the Gnu Scientific Library
        (<http://www.gnu.org/software/gsl/>) and 'Rcpp'
        (<http://dirk.eddelbuettel.com/code/rcpp.html>) 'R' / 'C++' classes.
Pacote para analise multivariada, que possui funcoes que executam analise de correspondencia simples (CA) e multipla (MCA), analise de componentes principais (PCA), analise de correlacao canonica (CCA), analise fatorial (FA), escalonamento multidimensional (MDS), analise de cluster hierarquico e nao hierarquico, regressao linear, analise de multiplos fatores (MFA) para dados quantitativos, qualitativos, de frequencia (MFACT) e dados mistos, projection pursuit (PP), grant tour e outras funcoes uteis para a analise multivariada.
Fit log-linear model for multivariate Bernoulli
        distribution with mixed effect models and LASSO
Modelling Multivariate Binary Data with Blocks of Specific One-Factor Distribution. Variables are grouped into independent blocks. Each variable is described by two continuous parameters (its marginal probability and its dependency strength with the other block variables), and one binary parameter (positive or negative dependency). Model selection consists in the estimation of the repartition of the variables into blocks. It is carried out by the maximization of the BIC criterion by a deterministic (faster) algorithm or by a stochastic (more time consuming but optimal) algorithm. Tool functions facilitate the model interpretation.
Hierarchical workspace tree, code editing and backup, easy
        package prep, editing of packages while loaded, per-object
        lazy-loading, easy documentation, macro functions, and
        miscellaneous utilities. Needed by debug package.
An implementation of Multi-View Clustering (Bickel and Scheffer, 2004). Documents are generated by drawing word values from a categorical distribution for each word, given the cluster. This means words are not counted (multinomial, as in the paper), but words take on different values from a finite set of values (categorical). Thus, it implements Mixture of Categoricals EM (as opposed to Mixture of Multinomials developed in the paper), and Spherical k-Means. The latter represents documents as vectors in the categorical space.
Implementation of multi-view bi-clustering algorithms. When a sample is characterized by two or more sets of input features, it creates multiple data matrices for the same set of examples, each corresponding to a view. For instance, individuals who are diagnosed with a disorder can be described by their clinical symptoms (one view) and their genomic markers (another view). Rows of a data matrix correspond to examples and columns correspond to features. A multi-view bi-clustering algorithm groups examples (rows) consistently across the views and simultaneously identifies the subset of features (columns) in each view that are associated with the row groups. This mvcluster package includes three such methods. (1) MVSVDL1: multi-view bi-clustering based on singular value decomposition where the left singular vectors are used to identify row clusters and the right singular vectors are used to identify features (columns) for each row cluster. Each singular vector is regularized by the L1 vector norm.  (2) MVLRRL0: multi-view bi-clustering based on sparse low rank representation (i.e., matrix approximation) where the decomposed components are regularized by the so-called L0 vector norm (which is not really a vector norm). (3) MVLRRL1: multi-view bi-clustering based on sparse low rank representation (i.e., matrix approximation) where the decomposed components are regularized by the L1 vector norm.
Permutation tests for variance components for 2-level, 3-level and 4-level data with univariate or multivariate responses.
This package computes the continuous wavelet transform of
    irregularly sampled time series.
An open-source implementation of latent variable methods and multivariate modeling tools. The focus is on exploratory analyses using dimensionality reduction methods including low dimensional embedding, classical multivariate statistical tools, and tools for enhanced interpretation of machine learning methods (i.e. intelligible models to provide important information for end-users).   Target domains include extension to dedicated applications e.g. for manufacturing process modeling, spectroscopic analyses, and data mining.
Maximum likelihood estimates are obtained via an EM algorithm with either a first-order or a fully exponential Laplace approximation.
Computes regression deletion diagnostics for multivariate linear models and provides some associated
	diagnostic plots.  The diagnostic measures include hat-values (leverages), generalized Cook's distance, and
	generalized squared 'studentized' residuals.  Several types of plots to detect influential observations are
	provided.
Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients are commonly used to quantify the strength
	of bivariate associations of genomic variables.  For example, correlations of gene-level 
	DNA copy number and gene expression measurements may be used to assess the impact of 
	DNA copy number changes on gene expression in tumor tissue.  'MVisAGe' enables users to 
	quickly compute and visualize the correlations in order to assess the effect of regional 
	genomic events such as changes in DNA copy number or DNA methylation level.  Please see
	Walter V, Du Y, Danilova L, Hayward MC, Hayes DN, 2018. Cancer Research 
	<doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-3464>.
Allows a user to conduct multivariate multiple regression using analytic p-values rather than classic approximate F-tests.
Tools for analysing multivariate time series with wavelets. This includes: simulation of a multivariate locally stationary wavelet (mvLSW) process from a multivariate evolutionary wavelet spectrum (mvEWS); estimation of the mvEWS, local coherence and local partial coherence. See Park, Eckley and Ombao (2014) <doi:10.1109/TSP.2014.2343937> for details.
Define, manipulate and plot meshes on simplices, spheres, balls, rectangles and tubes.
 Directional and other multivariate histograms are provided.
Collection of functions to perform fixed and random-effects multivariate and univariate meta-analysis and meta-regression.
Use multi-state splitting to apply Adaptive-Dynamic PCA (ADPCA) to
    data generated from a continuous-time multivariate industrial or natural
    process. Employ PCA-based dimension reduction to extract linear combinations
    of relevant features, reducing computational burdens. For a description of 
    ADPCA, see <doi:10.1007/s00477-016-1246-2>, the 2016 paper from Kazor et al.
    The multi-state application of ADPCA is from a manuscript under current
    revision entitled "Multi-State Multivariate Statistical Process Control" by
    Odom, Newhart, Cath, and Hering, and is  expected to appear in Q1 of 2018.
Fits multivariate (Brownian Motion, Early Burst, ACDC, Ornstein-Uhlenbeck and Shifts) models of continuous traits evolution on trees and time series.
Performs multivariate normality tests and graphical approaches and
    implements multivariate outlier detection and univariate normality of marginal
    distributions through plots and tests (Korkmaz et al, (2014), <https://journal.r-project.org/archive/2014-2/korkmaz-goksuluk-zararsiz.pdf>).
Computes the Nelson-Aalen estimator of the cumulative transition hazard for arbitrary Markov multistate models <ISBN:978-0-387-68560-1>.
Provides computationally efficient tools related to
    the multivariate normal and Student's t distributions. The main functionalities are:
    simulating multivariate random vectors, evaluating multivariate
    normal or Student's t densities and Mahalanobis distances. These tools are very efficient
    thanks to the use of C++ code and of the OpenMP API.
Package for  moving grid adjustment 
	      in plant breeding field trials.
Finds the maximum likelihood estimate of the mean vector
        and variance-covariance matrix for multivariate normal data
        with missing values.
Generalization of shapiro-wilk test for multivariate
        variables.
Given a vector of multivariate normal data, a matrix of
    covariates and the data covariance matrix, generate new multivariate normal
    samples that have the same covariance matrix based on permutations of
    the transformed data residuals.
Routines for assessing multivariate normality. Implements three Wald's type chi-squared tests; non-parametric Anderson-Darling and Cramer-von Mises tests; Doornik-Hansen test,  Royston test and Henze-Zirkler test.
A flexible framework for fitting multivariate
    ordinal regression models with composite likelihood methods.
Various Methods for Multivariate Outlier Detection.
Tools for high-dimensional peaks-over-threshold inference and simulation
  of spatial extremal processes.
Tools for estimating multivariate probit models,
   calculating conditional and unconditional expectations,
   and calculating marginal effects on conditional and unconditional
   expectations.
Computes orthant probabilities multivariate normal distribution.
Provides methods to construct multivariate grids, which can be used
    for multivariate quadrature. This grids can be based on different quadrature
    rules like Newton-Cotes formulas (trapezoidal-, Simpson's- rule, ...) or Gauss
    quadrature (Gauss-Hermite, Gauss-Legendre, ...). For the construction of the
    multidimensional grid the product-rule or the combination- technique can be
    applied.
This is a non-parametric method for joint adaptive mean-variance regularization and variance stabilization of high-dimensional data. It is suited for handling difficult problems posed by high-dimensional multivariate datasets (p >> n paradigm). Among those are that the variance is often a function of the mean, variable-specific estimators of variances are not reliable, and tests statistics have low powers due to a lack of degrees of freedom. Key features include:
            (i) Normalization and/or variance stabilization of the data,
            (ii) Computation of mean-variance-regularized t-statistics (F-statistics to follow),
            (iii) Generation of diverse diagnostic plots,
            (iv) Computationally efficient implementation using C/C++ interfacing and an option for parallel computing to enjoy a faster and easier experience in the R environment.
Mean, variance, and random variates for left/right truncated normal distributions.
Generalization of the Shapiro-Francia test for
        multivariate variables.
This package implements the generalization of the Shapiro-Wilk test
        for multivariate normality proposed by Villasenor-Alva and
        Gonzalez-Estrada (2009).
Fits multivariate Ornstein-Uhlenbeck types of models to continues trait data from species related by a common evolutionary history.
Estimates the multivariate skew-t and nested models, as described in the articles Liseo, B., Parisi, A. (2013). Bayesian inference for the multivariate skew-normal model: a population Monte Carlo approach. Comput. Statist. Data Anal. <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2013.02.007> and in Parisi, A., Liseo, B. Objective Bayesian analysis for the multivariate skew-t model (to appear).
Routines to perform estimation and inference under the multivariate t-distribution.
  Currently, the following methodologies are implemented: multivariate mean and covariance
  estimation, hypothesis testing about the mean, equicorrelation and homogeneity of variances,
  the Wilson-Hilferty transformation, QQ-plots with envelopes and random variate
  generation. Some auxiliary functions are also provided.
Fits a multivariate model of decision trees for multiple, continuous outcome variables. A model for each outcome variable is fit separately, selecting predictors that explain covariance in the outcomes.  Built on top of 'gbm', which fits an ensemble of decision trees to univariate outcomes.
This package contains functions to run fixed effects or
        random effects multivariate meta-analysis.
Computes multivariate normal and t probabilities, quantiles,
  random deviates and densities.
A function for plotting multivariate time series data
Matched Wake Analysis (mwa) grants insights into causal relationships in spatiotemporal event data.
Computes the Wavelet deconvolution estimate of a common signal
    present in multiple channels that have possible different levels of blur
    and long memory additive error.
The Moving-Window Lasso (MWLasso) method for genome-wide association studies. A window scans the design matrix. For predictors in the same window, their coefficients estimates are smoothed.
A two stage moving-window Ridge method for coefficients estimation and model prediction. In the first stage, moving-window penalty and L1 penalty are applied. In the second stage, ridge regression is applied.
mxkssd is a package that generates efficient balanced
        mixed-level k-circulant supersaturated designs by interchanging
        the elements of the generator vector. The package tries to
        generate a supersaturated design that has EfNOD efficiency more
        than user specified efficiency level (mef). The package also
        displays the progress of generation of an efficient mixed-level
        k-circulant design through a progress bar. The progress of 100
        per cent means that one full round of interchange is completed.
        More than one full round (typically 4-5 rounds) of interchange
        may be required for larger designs.
Many feature selection methods for a wide range of response variables, including minimal, statistically-equivalent and equally-predictive feature subsets. Bayesian network algorithms and related functions are also included. The package name 'MXM' stands for "Mens eX Machina", meaning "Mind from the Machine" in Latin. Reference: Feature Selection with the R Package MXM: Discovering Statistically Equivalent Feature Subsets, Lagani, V. and Athineou, G. and Farcomeni, A. and Tsagris, M. and Tsamardinos, I. (2017). Journal of Statistical Software, 80(7). <doi:10.18637/jss.v080.i07>.
The stepwise variable selection procedure (with iterations
 between the 'forward' and 'backward' steps) can be used to obtain
 the best candidate final regression model in regression analysis.
 All the relevant covariates are put on the 'variable list' to be
 selected. The significance levels for entry (SLE) and for stay
 (SLS) are usually set to 0.15 (or larger) for being conservative.
 Then, with the aid of substantive knowledge, the best candidate
 final regression model is identified manually by dropping the
 covariates with p value > 0.05 one at a time until all regression
 coefficients are significantly different from 0 at the chosen alpha
 level of 0.05.
The mycobacrvR package contains utilities to provide detailed information for B cell and T cell epitopes for predicted adhesins from various servers such as ABCpred, Bcepred, Bimas, Propred, NetMHC and IEDB. Please refer the URL below to download data files (data_mycobacrvR.zip) used in functions of this package.
Perform correlation and linear regression test
    among the numeric fields in a data.frame automatically
    and make plots using pairs or lattice::parallelplot.
Useful functions for accessing MyEpisodes feeds and
        episode information as well as other tv episode related actions
        through www.myepisodes.com
Recommendation engine based on 'Myrrix'. 'Myrrix' is a complete,
    real-time, scalable clustering and recommender system, evolved from 'Apache Mahout'. 
    It uses Alternating Least Squares to build a recommendation engine.
External jars required for package 'Myrrix'. 'Myrrix' is a recommendation engine.
Investigate the evolution of biological processes by capturing evolutionary signatures in transcriptomes (Drost et al. (2017) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btx835>). The aim of this tool is to provide a transcriptome analysis environment for answering questions regarding the evolution of biological processes (Drost et al. (2016) <doi:10.1101/051565>).
Linear and logistic regression models for quantitative genetic analysis of data from monozygotic twins.
Provides 'Scilab' 'n1qn1', or Quasi-Newton BFGS
      "qn" without constraints.  This takes more memory than traditional L-BFGS.  This 
       routine is useful since it allows prespecification of a Hessian.  If the Hessian is near enough the
       truth in optimization it can speed up the optimization problem. The algorithm is described in the
       'Scilab' optimization documentation located at 
       <http://www.scilab.org/content/download/250/1714/file/optimization_in_scilab.pdf>.
This comprehensive toolkit provide a consistent and 
    extensible framework for working with missing values in vectors. The 
    companion package 'tidyimpute' provides similar functionality for list-like 
    and table-like structures).
    Functions exist for detection, removal, replacement, imputation, 
    recollection, etc. of 'NAs'.
An R wrapper for 'libnabo', an exact or approximate k nearest
    neighbour library which is optimised for low dimensional spaces (e.g. 3D).
    'libnabo' has speed and space advantages over the 'ANN' library wrapped by
    package 'RANN'. 'nabor' includes a knn function that is designed as a 
    drop-in replacement for 'RANN' function nn2. In addition, objects which 
    include the k-d tree search structure can be returned to speed up repeated 
    queries of the same set of target points.
Contains methods described by Dennis Helsel in 
             his book "Nondetects And Data Analysis: Statistics 
             for Censored Environmental Data".
Constructs (non)additive genetic relationship matrices, and their
    inverses, from a pedigree to be used in linear mixed effect models (A.K.A.
    the 'animal model'). Also includes other functions to facilitate the use of
    animal models. Some functions have been created to be used in conjunction
    with the R package 'asreml' for the 'ASReml' software, which can be
    obtained upon purchase from 'VSN' international 
    (<http://www.vsni.co.uk/software/asreml>).
Contains a sample of the 2005 Grade 8 Mathematics data from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). This data set is called the NAEP Primer.
High performance implementation of the Naive Bayes algorithm.
In empirical studies, instrumental variable (IV) regression is the signature method to solve the endogeneity problem. If we enforce the exogeneity condition of the IV, it is likely that we end up with a large set of IVs without knowing which ones are good. This package uses adaptive group lasso and B-spline methods to select the nonparametric components of the IV function, with the linear function being a special case. The package incorporates two stage least squares estimator (2SLS), generalized method of moment (GMM), generalized empirical likelihood (GEL) methods post instrument selection. It is nonparametric version of 'ivregress' in 'Stata' with IV selection and high dimensional features. The package is based on the paper "Nonparametric Additive Instrumental Variable Estimator: A Group Shrinkage Estimation Perspective" (2017) published online in Journal of Business & Economic Statistics <doi:10.1080/07350015.2016.1180991>.
Designed for association studies in nested association mapping (NAM) panels, experimental and random panels. The method is described by Xavier et al. (2015) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv448>. It includes tools for genome-wide associations of multiple populations, marker quality control, population genetics analysis, genome-wide prediction, solving mixed models and finding variance components through likelihood and Bayesian methods.
User-friendly wrappers for 
 named capture regular expressions.
The Needleman-Wunsch global alignment algorithm can be
  used to find approximate matches between sample names in different
  data sets. See Wang et al. (2010) <doi:10.4137/CIN.S5613>.
This package provides user-level functions to manage
        namespaces not (yet) available in base R: 'registerNamespace',
        'unregisterNamespace', 'makeNamespace', and
        'getRegisteredNamespace'

  ('makeNamespaces' is extracted from the R 'base' package source code:
        src/library/base/R/namespace.R)
Functions for calculation of molecular number and brightness from 
    images, as detailed in Digman et al. 2008 <doi:10.1529/biophysj.107.114645>.
Missing values are ubiquitous in data and need to be explored and
    handled in the initial stages of analysis. 'naniar' provides data structures 
    and functions that facilitate the plotting of missing values and examination 
    of imputations. This allows missing data dependencies to be explored with 
    minimal deviation from the common work patterns of 'ggplot2' and tidy data.
This software package implements functions to simulate spherical, ellipsoid and cubic polyatomic nanoparticles with arbitrary crystal structures and to calculate the associated pair-distribution function and X-ray/neutron total-scattering signals. It also provides a target function that can be used for simultaneous fitting of small- and wide-angle total scattering data in real and reciprocal spaces. The target function can be generated either as a sum of weighted residuals for individual datasets or as a vector of residuals suitable for optimization using multi-criteria algorithms (e.g. Pareto methods).
A set of tools for normalizing, diagnostics and visualization of NanoString nCounter data.
Full 64-bit resolution date and time support with resolution up
 to nanosecond granularity is provided, with easy transition to and from the
 standard 'POSIXct' type.
Enables the processing and normalisation of the standard mRNA data output from the Nanostring nCounter software.
Provides a near drop-in replacement for base::Sys.sleep() that allows more types of input
    to produce delays in the execution of code and can silence/prevent typical sources of error.
Computes the nonlinear cointegrating autoregressive distributed lag model with p lags of the dependent variables and q lags of independent variables proposed by (Shin, Yu & Greenwood-Nimmo, 2014 <doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-8008-3_9>).
Stacking arrays according to dimension names, subset-aware
    splitting and mapping of functions, intersecting along arbitrary
    dimensions, converting to and from data.frames, and many other helper
    functions.
Provides functions to access NASA's Earth Imagery and Assets API
    and the Earth Observatory Natural Event Tracker (EONET) webservice.
This package contains tidied data from the ASA 2006 data expo,
    as well as a number of useful other related data sets.
NeuroAnatomy Toolbox (nat) enables analysis and visualisation of 3D
    biological image data, especially traced neurons. Reads and writes 3D images
    in NRRD and 'Amira' AmiraMesh formats and reads surfaces in 'Amira' hxsurf
    format. Traced neurons can be imported from and written to SWC and 'Amira'
    LineSet and SkeletonGraph formats. These data can then be visualised in 3D
    via 'rgl', manipulated including applying calculated registrations, e.g.
    using the 'CMTK' registration suite, and analysed. There is also a simple
    representation for neurons that have been subjected to 3D skeletonisation
    but not formally traced; this allows morphological comparison between
    neurons including searches and clustering (via the 'nat.nblast' extension
    package).
Extends package 'nat' (NeuroAnatomy Toolbox) by providing a
    collection of NBLAST-related functions.
Extends package 'nat' (NeuroAnatomy Toolbox) by providing objects
    and functions for handling template brains.
Utility functions that may be of general interest but are 
    specifically required by the 'NeuroAnatomy Toolbox' ('nat'). Includes
    functions to provide a basic make style system to update files based on
    timestamp information, file locking and 'touch' utility. Convenience 
    functions for working with file paths include 'abs2rel', 'split_path' 
    and 'common_path'. Finally there are utility functions for working with 
    'zip' and 'gzip' files including integrity tests.
Interface to 'NatureServe' (<http://www.natureserve.org>).
    Includes methods to get data, image metadata, search taxonomic names,
    and make maps.
Implementation of the two error variance estimation methods in high-dimensional linear models of Yu, Bien (2017) <arXiv:1712.02412>.
Provides functions related to human natural ordering.
    It handles adjacent digits in a character sequence as a number so that
    natural sort function arranges a character vector by their numbers, not digit
    characters. It is typically seen when operating systems lists file names. For
    example, a sequence a-1.png, a-2.png, a-10.png looks naturally ordered because 1
    < 2 < 10 and natural sort algorithm arranges so whereas general sort algorithms
    arrange it into a-1.png, a-10.png, a-2.png owing to their third and fourth
    characters.
Collection of example animal sounds for bioacoustic analysis.
Estimate the effective population size of a closed population using genetic data collected from two or more data points.
Model-based clustering of high-dimensional non-negative
             data that follow Generalized Negative Binomial distribution. All functions 
             in this package applies to either continuous or integer data. Correlation
            between variables are allowed, while samples are assumed to be independent.
An implementation of the Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) algorithm used for Verbal Autopsy (VA) built on code from Miasnikof et al (2015) <DOI:10.1186/s12916-015-0521-2>.
It provides 30 indexes for determining the optimal number of clusters in a data set and offers the best clustering scheme from different results to the user.
Calls the 'Jupyter'/'IPython' script 'nbconvert' to create vignettes from notebooks.
  Those notebooks ('.ipynb' files) are files containing rich text, code, and its output.
  Code cells can be edited and evaluated interactively.
  See <http://ipython.org/notebook.html> for more information.
The Dirichlet (aka NBD-Dirichlet) model describes the
        purchase incidence and brand choice of consumer products.  We
        estimate the model and summarize various theoretical quantities
        of interest to marketing researchers. Also provides functions
        for making tables that compare observed and theoretical
        statistics.
Perform non-bipartite matching and matched randomization. A
    "bipartite" matching utilizes two separate groups, e.g. smokers being
    matched to nonsmokers or cases being matched to controls. A "non-bipartite"
    matching creates mates from one big group, e.g. 100 hospitals being
    randomized for a two-arm cluster randomized trial or 5000 children who
    have been exposed to various levels of secondhand smoke and are being
    paired to form a greater exposure vs. lesser exposure comparison. At the
    core of a non-bipartite matching is a N x N distance matrix for N potential
    mates. The distance between two units expresses a measure of similarity or
    quality as mates (the lower the better). The 'gendistance()' and
    'distancematrix()' functions assist in creating this. The 'nonbimatch()'
    function creates the matching that minimizes the total sum of distances
    between mates; hence, it is referred to as an "optimal" matching. The
    'assign.grp()' function aids in performing a matched randomization. Note
    bipartite matching can be performed using the prevent option in
    'gendistance()'.
Negative Binomial (NB) models for two-group comparisons and
    regression inferences from RNA-Sequencing Data.
Performs a Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA). (Dul, J. 2016. Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA). ''Logic and Methodology of 'Necessary but not Sufficient' causality." Organizational Research Methods 19(1), 10-52)
  NCA identifies necessary (but not sufficient) conditions in datasets. Instead of drawing a regression line ''through the middle of the data'' in an xy-plot, NCA draws the ceiling line. The ceiling line y = f(x) separates the area with observations from the area without observations.
  (Nearly) all observations are below the ceiling line: y <= f(x). The empty zone is in the upper left hand corner of the xy-plot (with the convention that the x-axis is ''horizontal'' and the y-axis is ''vertical'' and that values increase ''upwards'' and ''to the right''). The ceiling line is a (piecewise) linear non-decreasing line: a linear step function or a straight line. It indicates which level of x (e.g. an effort or input) is necessary but not sufficient for a (desired) level of y (e.g. good performance or output).
Performs nonlinear calibration and curve fitting for data from Luminex, RT-PCR, ELISA, RPPA etc. Its precursor is Ruminex. This package is described in nCal: a R package for nonlinear calibration. Bioinformatics, <DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/btt456>.
Conduct a noncompartmental analysis as closely as possible to the most widely used commercial software for pharmacokinetic analysis, i.e. 'Phoenix(R) WinNonlin(R)' <https://www.certara.com/software/pkpd-modeling-and-simulation/phoenix-winnonlin/>.
             Some features are
             1) CDISC SDTM terms
             2) Automatic slope selection with the same criterion of WinNonlin(R)
             3) Supporting both 'linear-up linear-down' and 'linear-up log-down' method
             4) Interval(partial) AUCs with 'linear' or 'log' interpolation method
             5) Produce pdf, rtf, text report files.
             * Reference: Gabrielsson J, Weiner D. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Data Analysis - Concepts and Applications. 5th ed. 2016. (ISBN:9198299107).
making NCBI taxonomic data locally available and
        searchable as an R object
Set of tools to simplify the handling of 'NetCDF' files with the 'RNetCDF' package. 
 Most functions are wrappers of basic functions from the 'RNetCDF' package to easily run combinations of these 
 functions for frequently encountered tasks.
Provides a high-level R interface to data files written using Unidata's netCDF library (version 4 or earlier), which are binary data files that are portable across platforms and include metadata information in addition to the data sets.  Using this package, netCDF files (either version 4 or "classic" version 3) can be opened and data sets read in easily.  It is also easy to create new netCDF dimensions, variables, and files, in either version 3 or 4 format, and manipulate existing netCDF files.  This package replaces the former ncdf package, which only worked with netcdf version 3 files.  For various reasons the names of the functions have had to be changed from the names in the ncdf package.  The old ncdf package is still available at the URL given below, if you need to have backward compatibility.  It should be possible to have both the ncdf and ncdf4 packages installed simultaneously without a problem.  However, the ncdf package does not provide an interface for netcdf version 4 files.
This package contains a collection of helper functions for dealing
    with NetCDF files opened using ncdf4.
Tools for handling 'NetCDF' metadata in data frames. The metadata is provided
    as relations in tabular form, to avoid having to scan printed header output or to navigate 
    nested lists of raw metadata.
Computes the noncentral Dunnett's test distribution (pdf, cdf and quantile) and generates random numbers.
R functions for analyzing spatial (cross-)covariance: the
        nonparametric (cross-)covariance function, the spline correlogram, the
        nonparametric phase coherence function, local indicators of spatial 
        association (LISA), (Mantel) correlogram, (Partial) Mantel test.
Computes the noncentral gamma function: pdf, cdf, quantile
        function and inverse for the noncentrality parameter.
Extract metadata from 'NetCDF' data sources, these can be files, file handles or
 servers. This package leverages and extends the lower level functions of the 'RNetCDF' package 
 providing a consistent set of functions that all return data frames. We introduce named concepts 
 of 'grid', 'axis' and 'source' which are all meaningful entities without formal definition in the 
 'NetCDF' library <https://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/>. 'RNetCDF' matches the library 
 itself with only the named concepts of 'variables', 'dimensions' and 'attributes'. 'ncmeta'
 provides a required framework for the in-development 'tidync' project <https://github.com/hypertidy/tidync>.
A set of handy functions. Includes a versatile one line progress bar, one 
 line function timer with detailed output, time delay function, text histogram, object 
 preview, CRAN package search, simpler package installer, Linux command install check, 
 a flexible Mode function, top function, simulation of correlated data, and more.
An efficient unified algorithm for estimating the nonconvex penalized
    linear, logistic and Poisson regression models. The unified algorithm is implemented
    based on the convex concave procedure and
    the algorithm can be applied to most of the existing nonconvex penalties.
    The algorithm also supports convex penalty:
    least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO).
    Supported nonconvex penalties include
    smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD),
    minimax concave penalty (MCP), truncated LASSO penalty (TLP),
    clipped LASSO (CLASSO), sparse ridge (SRIDGE),
    modified bridge (MBRIDGE) and modified log (MLOG).
    For a data set with many variables (high-dimensional data),
    the algorithm selects relevant variables producing a parsimonious regression model.
    Kwon, S., Lee, S. and Kim, Y. (2015) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2015.07.001>,
    Lee, S., Kwon, S. and Kim, Y. (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2015.08.019>.
    (This project is funded by Julian Virtue Professorship from Center for Applied Research at
    Graziadio School of Business and Management at Pepperdine University.)
Provides functionality for performing Nearest Centroid (NC) Sampling. The NC sampling procedure was developed for forestry applications and selects plots for ground measurement so as to maximize the efficiency of imputation estimates. It uses multiple auxiliary variables and multivariate clustering to search for an optimal sample. Further details are given in Melville G. & Stone C. (2016) <doi:10.1080/00049158.2016.1218265>.
Omics data come in different forms: gene expression, methylation, copy number, protein measurements and more.
    'NCutYX' allows clustering of variables, of samples, and both variables and samples (biclustering),
    while incorporating the dependencies across multiple types of Omics data.
    (SJ Teran Hidalgo et al (2017), <doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3990-1>).
Efficient algorithms for fitting regularization paths for linear or
 logistic regression models penalized by MCP or SCAD, with optional additional
 L2 penalty.
Streaming 'JSON' ('ndjson') has one 'JSON' record per-line and
    many modern 'ndjson' files contain large numbers of records. These constructs
    may not be columnar in nature, but it is often useful to read in these files
    and "flatten" the structure out to enable working with the data in an R
    'data.frame'-like context. Functions are provided that make it possible to read
    in plain 'ndjson' files or compressed ('gz') 'ndjson' files and either validate
    the format of the records or create "flat" 'data.table' structures from them.
Naive discriminative learning implements learning and
    classification models based on the Rescorla-Wagner equations and their
    equilibrium equations.
Renders dynamic network data from 'networkDynamic' objects as movies, interactive animations, or other representations of changing relational structures and attributes.
Performs network enrichment analysis against functional gene sets.
    Benchmarks networks. Renders raw gene profile matrices of dimensionality "N genes
    x N samples" into the space of gene set (typically pathway) enrichment scores of
    dimensionality "N pathways x N samples".
Near-far matching is a study design technique for
    preprocessing observational data to mimic a pair-randomized trial.
    Individuals are matched to be near on measured confounders and far
    on levels of an instrumental variable.
This package implements a path algorithm for Near-Isotonic
        Regression. For more details see the help files
Includes functions and examples to compute NEAT, the Network Enrichment Analysis Test described in Signorelli et al. (2016, <DOI:10.1186/s12859-016-1203-6>).
NeatMap is a package to create heatmap like plots in 2 and
        3 dimensions, without the need for cluster analysis. Like the
        heatmap, the plots created by NeatMap display both a
        dimensionally reduced representation of the data as well as the
        data itself. They are intended to be used in conjunction with
        dimensional reduction techniques such as PCA.
Simplify the exploratory data analysis process for multiple network data sets with the help
             of hierarchical clustering and heatmaps. Multiple network data consists of multiple disjoint
             networks that share common graph, node and edge variables. Contains the tools necessary to 
             convert this raw data into a single dynamic report, summarizing the relationships
             of the graph, node and structural characteristics of the networks.
A simple function for easier package loading and auto-installation.
needy is a small utility library designed to make testing function
    inputs less difficult. R is a dynamically typed language, but larger
    projects need input checking for scalabity. needy offers a single
    function, require_a( ), which lets you specify the traits an input object
    should have, such as class, size, numerical properties or number of
    parameters, while reducing boilerplate code and aiding debugging.
Effective population sizes (often abbreviated as "Neff") are essential in biodiversity monitoring and conservation. For the first time, calculating effective sizes with data obtained within less than a generation but considering demographic parameters is possible. This individual based model uses demographic parameters of a population to calculate annual effective sizes and effective population sizes (per generation). A defined number of alleles and loci will be used to simulate the genotypes of the individuals. Stepwise mutation rates can be included. Variations in life history parameters (sex ratio, sex-specific survival, recruitment rate, reproductive skew) are possible. These results will help managers to define existing populations as viable or not.
The Negative Binomial regression with mean and shape modeling and mean and variance modeling and Beta Binomial regression with mean and dispersion modeling.
Estimating the number of essential genes in a genome on the basis of data from a random transposon mutagenesis experiment, through the use of a Gibbs sampler.
Classification, regression, and clustering with k nearest neighbors
    algorithm. Implements several distance and similarity measures, covering
    continuous and logical features. Outputs ranked neighbors. Most features of
    this package are directly based on the PMML specification for KNN.
Provides several direct search optimization algorithms based on the
  simplex method. The provided algorithms are direct search algorithms, i.e.
  algorithms which do not use the derivative of the cost function. They are
  based on the update of a simplex. The following algorithms are available: the
  fixed shape simplex method of Spendley, Hext and Himsworth (unconstrained
  optimization with a fixed shape simplex), the variable shape simplex method of
  Nelder and Mead (unconstrained optimization with a variable shape simplex
  made), and Box's complex method (constrained optimization with a variable
  shape simplex).
Access paleoecological datasets from the Neotoma Paleoecological
    Database using the published API (<http://api.neotomadb.org/>).  The functions
    in this package access various pre-built API functions and attempt to return
    the results from Neotoma in a usable format for researchers and the public.
Set of functions to estimate renal function and other phenotypes of interest in nephrology based on different biomechimal traits. MDRD, CKD-EPI, and Virga equations are compared in Pattaro (2013) <doi:10.1159/000351043>, where the respective references are given. In addition, the software includes Stevens (2008) <doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.11.018> and Cockroft (1976) <doi:10.1159/000180580> formulas.
Package for a Network assisted algorithm for Epigenetic studies using mean and variance Combined signals: NEpiC. NEpiC combines both signals in mean and variance differences in methylation level between case and control groups searching for differentially methylated sub-networks (modules) using the protein-protein interaction network.
Serves data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) National Eutrophication Survey <https://www.epa.gov/national-aquatic-resource-surveys>.
This tool set provides a set of functions to fit the nested Dirichlet process mixture of products of multinomial distributions (NDPMPM) model for nested categorical household data in the presence of impossible combinations. It has direct applications in generating synthetic nested household data.
Estimate hazard ratios, survival curves and attributable
        risks for cohorts with missing covariates, using Cox models or
        Kaplan-Meier estimated for strata.  This handles studies nested
        within cohorts, such as case-cohort studies with stratified
        sampling.  See
        http://www.r-project.org/doc/Rnews/Rnews_2008-1.pdf
Calculate a Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test for a difference between treatment levels using nested ranks.  This test can be used when observations are structured into several groups and each group has received both treatment levels. The p-value is determined via bootstrapping.  The nested ranks test is intended to be one possible mixed-model extension of the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, for which treatment is a fixed effect and group membership is a random effect.
Provides functions for security standards data management. It comes with data frames of 1000 observations for each security standard and updates are possible from official sources to build updated data sets.
Infers species associations from community matrices. Uses local and (optional) regional-scale co-occurrence data by comparing observed partial correlation coefficients between species to those estimated from regional species distributions. Extends Gaussian graphical models to a null modeling framework. Provides interface to a variety of inverse covariance matrix estimation methods.
Facilitates network clustering and evaluation of cluster
        configurations.
Model fitting procedures for regression with network cohesion effects, when a network connecting sample individuals is available in a regression problem. In the future, other commonly used statistical models will be added, such as gaussian graphical model.
Create interactive networked coincidences. It joins the data analysis power of R to study coincidences and the visualization libraries of JavaScript in one package.
Functions to take two networks stored as matrices and return a node-level injection between them (bijection if the input networks are of the same size). The alignment is made by comparing diffusion kernels originating from each node in one network to those originating from each node in the other network. This creates a cost matrix where rows are nodes from one network and columns are nodes from the other network. Optimal node pairings are then found using the Hungarian algorithm.
This package contains functions to carry out high
        throughput data analysis and to conduct data set comparisons.
        Similarity matrices from high throughput phenotypic data
        containing uninformative (e.g. wild type) or missing data can
        be calculated to report similarity of response.  A suite of
        graph comparisons using an adjacency or correlation matrix
        format are included to facilitate quick network analysis.
This package contains all data needed for Dan McFarland's
        SNA R labs.
Empirical statistical analysis, visualization and simulation of
    diffusion and contagion processes on networks. The package implements algorithms
    for calculating network diffusion statistics such as transmission rate, hazard
    rates, exposure models, network threshold levels, infectiousness (contagion),
    and susceptibility. The package is inspired by work published in Valente,
    et al., (2015) <DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.10.001>; Valente (1995) <ISBN:
    9781881303213>, Myers (2000) <DOI:10.1086/303110>, Iyengar and others (2011)
    <DOI:10.1287/mksc.1100.0566>, Burt (1987) <DOI:10.1086/228667>; among others.
Methods for the generation of a wide range of network geographies,
    e.g., grid networks or clustered networks. Useful for the generation of
    benchmarking instances for the investigation of, e.g., Vehicle-Routing-Problems
    or Travelling Salesperson Problems.
Carry out Network-based Gene Set Analysis by incorporating external information about interactions among genes, as well as novel interactions learned from data.
A multi-core R package that contains a set of tools based on undirected graphical models for accomplishing three important and interrelated goals in genetics: (1) linkage map construction, (2) reconstructing intra- and inter-chromosomal conditional interactions (linkage disequilibrium) networks, and (3) exploring high-dimensional genotype-phenotype network and genotype-phenotype-environment interactions network. For this purpose, we use conditional (in)dependence relationships between variables. The netgwas package can deal with biparental inbreeding and outbreeding species with any ploidy level, namely diploid (2 sets of chromosomes), triploid (3 sets of chromosomes), tetraploid (4 sets of chromosomes) and so on. We target on high-dimensional data where number of variables p is larger than number of sample sizes (p >> n). The computations is memory-optimized using the sparse matrix output. The package is implemented the recent developments in Behrouzi and Wit (2017) <arXiv:1710.00894> and Behrouzi and Wit (2017) <arXiv:1710.01063>. 
             NOTICE proper functionality of 'netgwas' requires that the 'RBGL' package is installed from 'bioconductor'; for installation instruction please refer to the 'RBGL' web page given below.
Given a network (e.g. a food web), estimates several network indices. These include: Ascendency network indices, Direct and indirect dependencies, Effective measures, Environ network indices, General network indices, Pathway analysis, Network uncertainty indices and constraint efficiencies and the trophic level and omnivory indices of food webs.
Easily create agent-based models in R following the 'NetLogo'
    framework (Wilensky, 1999; <http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/>).
    'NetLogoR' provides classes to represent 'patches' (raster cells) and
    'turtles' (individuals), the necessary 'NetLogo' primitives
    (<https://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/docs/dictionary.html>), and
    complementary functions to easily build agent-based models or translate
    'NetLogo' models in R. A programming guide derived from the 'NetLogo'
    Programming Guide
    (<https://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/docs/programming.html>) and a
    dictionary of 'NetLogo' primitives
    (<https://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/docs/dictionary.html>) equivalences
    are available. As examples, three 'NetLogo' models (Ants,
    <http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/Ants>; Butterfly, Railsback and
    Grimm, 2012; Wolf-Sheep-Predation,
    <http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/WolfSheepPredation>) were
    translated in R language using 'NetLogoR'. NOTE: To increment 'time', these
    functions can use a for loop or can be integrated with a discrete event
    simulator, such as 'SpaDES' (<https://cran.r-project.org/package=SpaDES>).
    The suggested package 'fastshp' can be installed with
    'install.packages("fastshp", repos = "https://rforge.net", type = "source")'.
A comprehensive set of functions providing frequentist methods for network meta-analysis and supporting Schwarzer et al. (2015) <DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-21416-0>, Chapter 8 "Network Meta-Analysis":
 - frequentist network meta-analysis following Rücker (2012) <DOI:10.1002/jrsm.1058>;
 - net heat plot and design-based decomposition of Cochran's Q according to Krahn et al. (2013) <DOI:10.1186/1471-2288-13-35>;
 - measures characterizing the flow of evidence between two treatments by König et al. (2013) <DOI:10.1002/sim.6001>;
 - ranking of treatments (frequentist analogue of SUCRA) according to Rücker & Schwarzer (2015) <DOI:10.1186/s12874-015-0060-8>;
 - partial order of treatment rankings ('poset') and Hasse diagram for 'poset' (Carlsen & Bruggemann, 2014) <DOI:10.1002/cem.2569>; (Rücker & Schwarzer, 2017) <DOI:10.1002/jrsm.1270>;
 - split direct and indirect evidence to check consistency (Dias et al., 2010) <DOI:10.1002/sim.3767>;
 - league table with network meta-analysis results;
 - additive network meta-analysis for combinations of treatments;
 - automated drawing of network graphs described in Rücker & Schwarzer (2016) <DOI:10.1002/jrsm.1143>.
Performs network-based source estimation. Different approaches are available: effective distance median, recursive backtracking, and centrality-based source estimation. Additionally, we provide public transportation network data as well as methods for data preparation, source estimation performance analysis and visualization.
Package for the pre-processing and normalization of graphs.
Implements methods for centrality related analyses of networks. 
    While the package includes the possibility to build more than 20 indices, 
    its main focus lies on index-free assessment of centrality via partial 
    rankings obtained by neighborhood-inclusion or positional dominance. These 
    partial rankings can be analyzed with different methods, including 
    probabilistic methods like computing expected node ranks and relative 
    rank probabilities (how likely is it that a node is more central than another?).
    The methodology is described in depth in the vignettes and in
    Schoch (2018) <doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2017.12.003>.
Regress network responses (both directed and undirected) onto covariates of interest that may be actor-, relation-, or network-valued. In addition, compute principled variance estimates of the coefficients assuming that the errors are jointly exchangeable. Missing data is accommodated. Additionally implements building and inversion of covariance matrices under joint exchangeability, and  generates random covariance matrices of this class. For more detail on methods, see Marrs, Fosdick, and McCormick (2017) <arXiv:1701.05530>.
Functions for assessing the replication/preservation of a network 
  module's topology across datasets through permutation testing.
NetSim allows to combine and simulate a variety of micro-models to research their impact on the macro-features of social networks.
A set of functions for studying network robustness, resilience and vulnerability.
Implements various simple function utilities and flexible pipelines to generate circular images for visualizing complex genomic and network data analysis features.
Tools to create and modify network objects.  The network class can represent a range of relational data types, and supports arbitrary vertex/edge/graph attributes.
Network changepoint analysis for undirected network data. The package implements a hidden Markov multilinear tensor regression model (Park and Sohn, 2017, <http://jhp.snu.ac.kr/NetworkChange.pdf>). Functions for break number detection using the approximate marginal likelihood and WAIC are also provided.
This permutation based hypothesis test, suited for Gaussian and
    binary data, assesses the difference between two networks based on several
    invariance measures (network structure invariance, global strength invariance,
    edge invariance). Network structures are estimated with l1-regularized partial
    correlations (Gaussian data) or with l1-regularized logistic regression (eLasso,
    binary data). Suited for comparison of independent and dependent samples
    (currently, only for one group measured twice).
Creates 'D3' 'JavaScript' network, tree, dendrogram, and Sankey
    graphs from 'R'.
Network is a prevalent form of data structure in many fields. As an object of analysis, many distance or metric measures have been proposed to define the concept of similarity between two networks. We provide a number of distance measures for networks. See Jurman et al (2011) <doi:10.3233/978-1-60750-692-8-227> for an overview on spectral class of inter-graph distance measures.
Simple interface routines to facilitate the handling of network objects with complex intertemporal data. This is a part of the "statnet" suite of packages for network analysis.
A collection of dynamic network data sets from various sources and multiple authors represented as 'networkDynamic'-formatted objects.
Simulates the extinction of species in the food web and it analyzes
             its cascading effects, described in Dunne et al. (2002) <doi:10.1073/pnas.192407699>.
A network Maze generator that creates different types of network mazes.
This is an R implementation of the netinf algorithm (Gomez Rodriguez, Leskovec, and Krause, 2010)<doi:10.1145/1835804.1835933>. Given a set of events that spread between a set of nodes the algorithm infers the most likely stable diffusion network that is underlying the diffusion process.
Collection of functions for fast manipulation, handling, and analysis of large-scale
    networks based on family and social data. Functions are utility functions used to manipulate data
    in three "formats": sparse adjacency matrices, pedigree trio family data, and pedigree family data.
    When possible, the functions should be able to handle millions of data points quickly for use in combination
    with data from large public national registers and databases.
    Kenneth Lange (2003, ISBN:978-8181281135).
Functions useful
    for producing estimates from data that were collected using network
    reporting techniques like network scale-up, indirect sampling,
    network reporting, and sibling history.
Implements some risk measures for (financial) networks, such as DebtRank, Impact Susceptibility, Impact Diffusion and Impact Fluidity.
Tools to simulate bipartite networks/graphs with the
        degrees of the nodes fixed and specified. 'networksis' is part
        of the 'statnet' suite of packages for network analysis.
networkTomography implements the methods developed and evaluated in
    Blocker and Airoldi (2011) and Airoldi and Blocker (2012). These include the
    authors' own dynamic multilevel model with calibration based upon a Gaussian
    state-space model in addition to implementations of the methods of Tebaldi &
    West (1998; Poisson-Gamma model with MCMC sampling), Zhang et al. (2002;
    tomogravity), Cao et al. (2000; Gaussian model with mean-variance relation),
    and Vardi (1996; method of moments). Data from the 1router network of Cao et
    al. (2000), the Abilene network of Fang et al. (2007), and the CMU network
    of Blocker and Airoldi (2011) are included for testing and reproducibility.
Implements network analysis and graph theory measures used in neuroscience, cognitive science, and psychology. Methods include various filtering methods and approaches such as threshold, dependency (Kenett, Tumminello, Madi, Gur-Gershogoren, Mantegna, & Ben-Jacob, 2010 <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015032>), Information Filtering Networks (Barfuss, Massara, Di Matteo, & Aste, 2016 <doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.94.062306>), and Efficiency-Cost Optimization (Fallani, Latora, & Chavez, 2017 <doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005305>). Brain methods include the recently developed Connectome Predictive Modeling (see references in package). Also implements several network measures including local network characteristics (e.g., centrality), global network characteristics (e.g., clustering coefficient), and various other measures associated with the reliability and reproducibility of network analysis.
Includes assorted tools for network analysis. Bridge centrality, impact, & goldbricker.
RBF and MLP neural networks with graphical user interface
Training of neural networks using backpropagation,
    resilient backpropagation with (Riedmiller, 1994) or without
    weight backtracking (Riedmiller and Braun, 1993) or the
    modified globally convergent version by Anastasiadis et al.
    (2005). The package allows flexible settings through
    custom-choice of error and activation function. Furthermore,
    the calculation of generalized weights (Intrator O & Intrator
    N, 1993) is implemented.
Visualization and analysis tools to aid in the interpretation of
    neural network models.  Functions are available for plotting,
    quantifying variable importance, conducting a sensitivity analysis, and
    obtaining a simple list of model weights.
Base package for 'Neuroconductor', which includes many helper 
    functions that interact with objects of class 'nifti', implemented by
    package 'oro.nifti', for reading/writing and also other manipulation 
    functions.
Annotated neuroblastoma copy number profiles,
	     a benchmark data set for change-point detection algorithms.
Downloads and reads data from Human 'Connectome' Project 
    <https://db.humanconnectome.org> using Amazon Web Services ('AWS') 
    'S3' buckets.
A collection of data structures that represent
    volumetric brain imaging data. The focus is on basic data handling for 3D
    and 4D neuroimaging data. In addition, there are function to read and write
    NIFTI files and limited support for reading AFNI files.
Contains statistical functions (for patient assessment, data preprocessing and reporting, ...) and datasets useful in psychology, neuropsychology and neuroscience.
The package allows users to generate fMRI time series or 4D data. Some high-level functions are created for fast data generation with only a few arguments and a diversity of functions to define activation and noise. For more advanced users it is possible to use the low-level functions and manipulate the arguments.
Package takes frequencies of mutations as reported by high throughput sequencing data from cancer and fits a theoretical neutral model of tumour evolution. Package outputs summary statistics and contains code for plotting the data and model fits. See Williams et al 2016 <doi:10.1038/ng.3489> and Williams et al 2017 <doi:10.1101/096305> for further details of the method.
In the working paper titled "Why You Should Never Use the Hodrick-Prescott 
   Filter", James D. Hamilton proposes an interesting new alternative to economic 
   time series filtering. The neverhpfilter package provides functions for implementing 
   his solution. Hamilton (2017) <doi:10.3386/w23429>.
Computes the probability density function, cumulative distribution function, quantile function, random numbers and measures of inference for the following general families of  distributions (each family defined in terms of an arbitrary cdf G): Marshall Olkin G distributions, exponentiated G distributions, beta G distributions, gamma G distributions, Kumaraswamy G distributions, generalized beta G distributions, beta extended G distributions, gamma G distributions, gamma uniform G distributions, beta exponential G distributions, Weibull G distributions, log gamma G I distributions, log gamma G II distributions, exponentiated generalized G distributions, exponentiated Kumaraswamy G distributions, geometric exponential Poisson G distributions, truncated-exponential skew-symmetric G distributions, modified beta G distributions, and exponentiated exponential Poisson G distributions.
Implements the routines to compare the survival curves with recurrent events, including the estimations of survival curves. The first model is a  model for recurrent event, when the data are correlated or not  correlated. It was proposed by Wang and Chang (1999) <doi:10.2307/2669690>. In the independent case, the survival function can be  estimated by the generalization of the limit product model of Pena (2001) <doi:10.1198/016214501753381922>.
Indices, heuristics and strategies to help determine the number of factors/components to retain:
                1. Acceleration factor (af with or without Parallel Analysis);
                2. Optimal Coordinates (noc with or without Parallel Analysis);
                3. Parallel analysis (components, factors and bootstrap);
                4. lambda > mean(lambda) (Kaiser, CFA and related);
                5. Cattell-Nelson-Gorsuch (CNG);
                6. Zoski and Jurs multiple regression (b, t and p);
                7. Zoski and Jurs standard error of the regression coeffcient (sescree);
                8. Nelson R2;
                9. Bartlett khi-2;
               10. Anderson khi-2;
               11. Lawley khi-2 and
               12. Bentler-Yuan khi-2.
Numerical Formal Concept Analysis (nFCA) is a modern unsupervised learning tool for analyzing general numerical data. Given input data, this R package nFCA outputs two nFCA graphs: a H-graph and an I-graph that reveal systematic, hierarchical clustering and inherent structure of the data.
An implementation of the network fingerprint framework that introduced 
  in paper "Network fingerprint: a knowledge-based characterization of biomedical 
  networks" (Cui, 2015) <doi:10.1038/srep13286>. This method worked by making 
  systematic comparisons to a set of well-studied "basic networks", measuring 
  both the functional and topological similarity.  A biological could be
  characterized as a spectrum-like vector consisting of similarities to basic 
  networks. It shows great potential in biological network study.
Density, distribution function, quantile function and random generation for the 3D Navarro, Frenk & White (NFW) profile. For details see Robotham & Howlett (2018) <arXiv:1805.09550>.
An n-gram is a sequence of n "words" taken, in order, from a
    body of text.  This is a collection of utilities for creating,
    displaying, summarizing, and "babbling" n-grams.  The
    'tokenization' and "babbling" are handled by very efficient C
    code, which can even be built as its own standalone library.
    The babbler is a simple Markov chain.  The package also offers
    a vignette with complete example 'workflows' and information about
    the utilities offered in the package.
A simple n-gram (contiguous sequences of n items from a
    given sequence of text) tokenizer to be used with the 'tm' package with no
    'rJava'/'RWeka' dependency.
Provides tools for analyzing spatial data, especially non-
    Gaussian areal data. The current version supports the sparse restricted
    spatial regression model of Hughes and Haran (2013) <DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9868.2012.01041.x>,
	the centered autologistic model of Caragea and Kaiser (2009) <DOI:10.1198/jabes.2009.07032>,
	and the Bayesian spatial filtering model of Hughes (2017) <arXiv:1706.04651>.
Can be used to facilitate the analysis of NGS data, such as visualization, conversion of data format for WEB service input and other purpose.
Body Shape and related measurements from the US National Health
    and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 1999-2004).  See
    http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm for details.
Utility to retrieve data from the National Health and Nutrition 
	Examination Survey (NHANES) website <https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm>.
NHEMOtree performs cost-sensitive classification by
        solving the two-objective optimization problem of minimizing
        misclassification rate and minimizing total costs for
        classification. The three methods comprised in NHEMOtree are
        based on EMOAs with either tree representation or bitstring
        representation with an enclosed classification tree algorithm.
Each dataset contains scores for every game during a specific season of the NHL.
Compiling the NHL Real Time Scoring System Database for easy use in R.
Calibration, simulation, validation of (non-)homogeneous Markov switching autoregressive models with Gaussian or von Mises innovations.  Penalization methods are implemented for Markov Switching Vector Autoregressive Models of order 1 only. Most functions of the package handle missing values.
Tools for modelling, ML estimation, validation analysis and simulation of non homogeneous Poisson processes in time.
Illustrate graphically the most common Null Hypothesis Significance Testing procedures. More specifically, this package provides functions to plot Chi-Squared, F, t (one- and two-tailed) and z (one- and two-tailed) tests, by plotting the probability density under the null hypothesis as a function of the different test statistic values. Although highly flexible (color theme, fonts, etc.), only the minimal number of arguments (observed test statistic, degrees of freedom) are necessary for a clear and useful graph to be plotted, with the observed test statistic and the p value, as well as their corresponding value labels. The axes are automatically scaled to present the relevant part and the overall shape of the probability density function. This package is especially intended for education purposes, as it provides a helpful support to help explain the Null Hypothesis Significance Testing process, its use and/or shortcomings.
Get or set UNIX priority (niceness) of running R process.
This package uses a probabilistic method to calculate niche
    regions and pairwise niche overlap using multidimensional niche indicator
    data (e.g., stable isotopes, environmental variables, etc.). The niche
    region is defined as the joint probability density function of the
    multidimensional niche indicators at a user-defined probability alpha
    (e.g., 95%).  Uncertainty is accounted for in a Bayesian framework, and the
    method can be extended to three or more indicator dimensions.  It provides
    directional estimates of niche overlap, accounts for species-specific
    distributions in multivariate niche space, and produces unique and
    consistent bivariate projections of the multivariate niche region.  A
    forthcoming article by Swanson et al. (Ecology, 2014) provides a detailed
    description of the methodology.  See the package vignette for a worked
    example using fish stable isotope data.
Computes and plots the boundary between night and day.
Miscellaneous R functions developed over the course of statistical
    research and scientific computing. These include, for example, utilities
    that supplement existing idiosyncrasies of the R language, extend existing
    plotting functionality and aesthetics, provide alternative presentations of
    matrix decompositions, and extend access to command line tools and
    systems-level information.
A system for writing hierarchical statistical models largely compatible with 'BUGS' and 'JAGS', writing nimbleFunctions to operate models and do basic R-style math, and compiling both models and nimbleFunctions via custom-generated C++.  'NIMBLE' includes default methods for MCMC, particle filtering, Monte Carlo Expectation Maximization, and some other tools.  The nimbleFunction system makes it easy to do things like implement new MCMC samplers from R, customize the assignment of samplers to different parts of a model from R, and compile the new samplers automatically via C++ alongside the samplers 'NIMBLE' provides.  'NIMBLE' extends the 'BUGS'/'JAGS' language by making it extensible: New distributions and functions can be added, including as calls to external compiled code.  Although most people think of MCMC as the main goal of the 'BUGS'/'JAGS' language for writing models, one can use 'NIMBLE' for writing arbitrary other kinds of model-generic algorithms as well.  A full User Manual is available at <http://r-nimble.org>.
Principal Components Analysis of a matrix using Non-linear Iterative Partial Least Squares with Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization of the scores and loadings. Optimized for speed. See Andrecut (2009) <doi:10.1089/cmb.2008.0221>.
Japan-specific data is sometimes too unhandy for R users to manage. The utility functions and data in this package disencumber us from such an unnecessary burden.
Digital map data of Japan for choropleth mapping, including a circle cartogram.
Fast and Accurate Trisomy Prediction in Non-Invasive Prenatal
    Testing.
Provides transfusion-related differential tests on Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) time series with detection limit, which contains two testing statistics: Mean Area Under the Curve (MAUC) and slope statistic. This package applied a penalized spline method within an imputation setting. Testing is conducted by a nested permutation approach within imputation. Refer to Guo et al (2018) <arXiv:1801.08153> for further details.
Datasets for testing nonlinear regression routines.
Fundamental physical constants (Quantity, Value, Uncertainty, Unit) for 
    SI (International System of Units) and non-SI units, plus unit conversions
    Based on the data from NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA)
Given a few examples of experiments over a time (or spatial) course,
    'NITPicker' selects a subset of points to sample in follow-up experiments, 
    which would (i) best distinguish between the experimental conditions and the
    control condition (ii) best distinguish between two models of how the 
    experimental condition might differ from the control (iii) a combination of
    the two. Ezer and Keir (2018) <doi:10.1101/301796>.
Parses and downloads images from various 'NeuroImaging Tools and Resources Collaboratory' <https://www.nitrc.org> sets.
Noninferiority tests for difference in failure rates at a prespecified control rate or prespecified time.
Optimization for nonlinear objective and constraint functions.  Linear or nonlinear equality and inequality constraints are allowed.  It accepts the input parameters as a constrained matrix.
Nested loop cross validation for classification purposes for misclassification error rate estimation.
  The package supports several methodologies for feature selection: random forest, Student t-test, limma, 
  and provides an interface to the following classification methods in the 'MLInterfaces' package: linear, 
  quadratic discriminant analyses, random forest, bagging, prediction analysis for microarray, generalized 
  linear model, support vector machine (svm and ksvm). Visualizations to assess the quality of
  the classifier are included: plot of the ranks of the features, scores plot for a specific 
  classification algorithm and number of features, misclassification rate 
  for the different number of features and classification algorithms tested and ROC plot.
  For further details about the methodology, please check:
  Markus Ruschhaupt, Wolfgang Huber, Annemarie Poustka, and Ulrich Mansmann (2004) 
  <doi:10.2202/1544-6115.1078>.
Solve a system of nonlinear equations using a Broyden or a Newton method
             with a choice of global strategies such as line search and trust region.
             There are options for using a numerical or user supplied Jacobian,
             for specifying a banded numerical Jacobian and for allowing
             a singular or ill-conditioned Jacobian.
Models for time series forecasting and causality detection.  The main functionalities of this package consist of a neural network Vector Auto-Regressive model, the classical Granger causality test C.W.J.Granger (1980) <doi:10.1016/0165-1889(80)90069-X>,  and  a non-linear version of it based on feedforward neural networks.
Design of non-life insurance rate-making system with a frequency and a severity component based on the a posteriori criteria. The rate-making system is a general form of bonus-malus system introduced by Lemaire (1995), <doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0631-3> and Frangos and Vrontos (2001), <doi:10.2143/AST.31.1.991>.
Fit and compare Gaussian linear and nonlinear mixed-effects models.
This package combines the odesolve and nlme packages for
        mixed-effects modelling using differential equations.
nlmeU: Datasets and utility  functions enhancing functionality of nlme package. Datasets, functions and scripts are described in book titled 'Linear Mixed-Effects Models:
 A Step-by-Step Approach' by Galecki and Burzykowski (2013). Package is under development.
Fit and compare nonlinear mixed-effects models in differential
    equations with flexible dosing information commonly seen in pharmacokinetics
    and pharmacodynamics (Almquist, Leander, and Jirstrand 2015 
    <doi:10.1007/s10928-015-9409-1>). Differential equation solving is 
    by compiled C code provided in the 'RxODE' package
    (Wang, Hallow, and James 2015 <doi:10.1002/psp4.12052>).
Provides neutral landscape models (<doi:10.1007/BF02275262>,
    <http://sci-hub.tw/10.1007/bf02275262>).  
    Neutral landscape models range from "hard" 
    neutral models (completely random distributed), to "soft" neutral models 
    (definable spatial characteristics) and generate landscape patterns that are 
    independent of ecological processes.
    Thus, these patterns can be used as null models in landscape ecology. 'nlmr' 
    combines a large number of algorithms from other published software for 
    simulating neutral landscapes. The simulation results are obtained in a
    geospatial data format (raster* objects from the 'raster' package) and can,
    therefore, be used in any sort of raster data operation that is performed 
    with standard observation data.
Replacement for nls() tools for working with nonlinear least squares problems.
      The calling structure is similar to, but much simpler than, that of the nls()
      function. Moreover, where nls() specifically does NOT deal with small or zero
      residual problems, nlmrt is quite happy to solve them. It also attempts to be
      more robust in finding solutions, thereby avoiding 'singular gradient' messages
      that arise in the Gauss-Newton method within nls(). The Marquardt-Nash approach
      in nlmrt generally works more reliably to get a solution, though this may be 
      one of a set of possibilities, and may also be statistically unsatisfactory.
      Added print and summary as of August 28, 2012.
It includes four methods: DCOL-based K-profiles clustering, non-linear network reconstruction, non-linear hierarchical clustering, and variable selection for generalized additive model.
nloptr is an R interface to NLopt. NLopt is a free/open-source library for
    nonlinear optimization, providing a common interface for a number of
    different free optimization routines available online as well as original
    implementations of various other algorithms.
    See http://ab-initio.mit.edu/wiki/index.php/NLopt_Introduction for more
    information on the available algorithms. During installation on Unix the
    NLopt code is downloaded and compiled from the NLopt website.
Basic classes and methods for Natural Language Processing.
Utilities for Natural Language Processing.
Non-Linear Robust package is developed to handle the problem of 
    outliers in nonlinear regression,    using robust statistics. It covers 
    classic methods in nonlinear regression as well. It has facilities to fit 
    models in the case of auto correlated and heterogeneous variance cases, 
    while it include tools to detecting outliers in nonlinear regression. 
    (Riazoshams H, Midi H, and Ghilagaber G, (2018, ISBN:978-1-118-73806-1). 
    Robust Nonlinear Regression, with Application using R, Joh Wiley and Sons.)
Likelihood inference based on higher order approximations 
  for nonlinear models with possibly non constant variance.
This is a package which can help you search for the root
        of a equation.
Estimate the non-linear odds ratio and plot it against a continuous exposure.
Non-linear least squares regression with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm using multiple starting values for increasing the chance that the minimum found is the global minimum.
Adds brute force and multiple starting values to nls.
Estimation of structural equation models with nonlinear effects
  and underlying nonnormal distributions.
A few utilities for summarizing, testing, and plotting non-linear
    regression models fit with nls(), nlsList() or nlme().
Non-linear shrinkage estimation of population eigenvalues and covariance
    matrices, based on publications by Ledoit and Wolf (2004, 2015, 2016).
Data sets and nonlinear regression models dedicated to predictive microbiology
Fit univariate non-linear scale mixture of
        skew-normal(NL-SMSN) regression.
Provides tools for working with nonlinear least squares problems.
      It is intended to eventually supersede the 'nls()' function in the R
      distribution. For example, 'nls()' specifically does NOT deal with small 
      or zero residual problems as its Gauss-Newton method frequently stops with
      'singular gradient' messages. 'nlsr' is based on the now-deprecated package
      'nlmrt', and has refactored functions and R-language symbolic derivative
      features.
Performs univariate or multivariate computation of a single ODE or of a set of ODE (ordinary differential equations).
Fit biologically meaningful distribution functions to
  time-sequence data (phenology), estimate parameters to draw the cumulative
  distribution function and probability density function and calculate standard
  statistical moments and percentiles.
Several tools for assessing the quality of fit of a
        gaussian nonlinear model are provided.
Utilities and kinship information for behavior genetics and
    developmental research using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
    (NLSY; <http://www.bls.gov/nls/>).
Uses a modified lifting algorithm on which it builds the
        nondecimated lifting transform. It has applications in wavelet
        shrinkage.
R functions for (non)linear time series analysis with an emphasis on nonparametric autoregression and order estimation, and tests for linearity / additivity.
Provides functions to calculate the normalised Lineage-Through-
    Time (nLTT) statistic, given two phylogenetic trees. The nLTT statistic measures
    the difference between two Lineage-Through-Time curves, where each curve is
    normalised both in time and in number of lineages.
Wald Test for nonlinear restrictions on model parameters and confidence
             intervals for nonlinear functions  of parameters using delta-method.  Applicable
             after ANY model, provided parameters estimates and their covariance matrix are
             available.
Performs network meta-analysis using integrated nested Laplace approximations ('INLA'). Includes methods to assess the heterogeneity and inconsistency in the network. Contains more than ten different network meta-analysis data. 'INLA' package can be obtained from <http://www.r-inla.org>. We recommend the testing version.
Calculation and presentation of decision-invariant bias adjustment
    thresholds and intervals for Network Meta-Analysis, as described by 
    Phillippo et al. (2017) <doi:10.1111/rssa.12341>. These describe the 
    smallest changes to the data that would result in a change of decision.
Provides a framework to perform Non-negative Matrix
    Factorization (NMF). The package implements a set of already published algorithms
    and seeding methods, and provides a framework to test, develop and plug
    new/custom algorithms. Most of the built-in algorithms have been optimized
    in C++, and the main interface function provides an easy way of performing
    parallel computations on multicore machines.
Provides a version of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm for
    mix-models, reducing the numbers of parameters to estimate using
    Non-negative Matrix Factorization methods.
    For more explanations, see pre-print of Carel and Alquier (2017) <arXiv:1709.03346>.
Wrapper package for the nmfgpu library, which implements several
    Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) algorithms for CUDA platforms.
    By using the acceleration of GPGPU computing, the NMF can be used for
    real-world problems inside the R environment. All CUDA devices starting with
    Kepler architecture are supported by the library.
Calculates the normalized mutual information (NMI) of two community structures in network analysis.
Functions, examples and data from the book
 "Numerical Methods and Optimization in Finance" by M.
 'Gilli', D. 'Maringer' and E. Schumann (2011), ISBN
 978-0123756626. The package provides implementations of
 several optimisation heuristics, such as Differential
 Evolution, Genetic Algorithms and Threshold Accepting.
 There are also functions for the valuation of financial
 instruments, such as bonds and options, and functions that
 help with stochastic simulations.
A Non-Metric Space Library ('NMSLIB' <https://github.com/searchivarius/nmslib>) wrapper, which according to the authors "is an efficient cross-platform similarity search library and a toolkit for evaluation of similarity search methods. The goal of the 'NMSLIB' <https://github.com/searchivarius/nmslib> Library is to create an effective and comprehensive toolkit for searching in generic non-metric spaces. Being comprehensive is important, because no single method is likely to be sufficient in all cases. Also note that exact solutions are hardly efficient in high dimensions and/or non-metric spaces. Hence, the main focus is on approximate methods". The wrapper also includes Approximate Kernel k-Nearest-Neighbor functions based on the 'NMSLIB' <https://github.com/searchivarius/nmslib> 'Python' Library.
This shows how NONMEM(R) <http://www.iconplc.com/innovation/nonmem/> software works. NONMEM's classical estimation methods like 'First Order(FO) approximation', 'First Order Conditional Estimation(FOCE)', and 'Laplacian approximation' are explained.
Calculates spatial pattern analysis using a T-square sample procedure.
  This method is based on two measures "x" and "y".
  "x" - Distance from the random point to the nearest individual.
  "y" - Distance from individual to its nearest neighbor.
  This is a methodology commonly used in phytosociology or marine benthos ecology to analyze the species' distribution (random, uniform or clumped patterns).
  Ludwig & Reynolds (1988, ISBN:0471832359).
'NEON' 'API' (<http://data.neonscience.org/data-api>) client.
    Includes methods for interacting with all 'API' routes.
Software for feed-forward neural networks with a single
  hidden layer, and for multinomial log-linear models.
Computing prediction intervals of neural network models (e.g.backpropagation) at certain confidence level. It can take the output from models trained by other packages like 'nnet', 'neuralnet', 'RSNNS', etc.
Contains functions to facilitate automatic time series modelling with neural networks. 
    Allows fully automatic, semi-manual or fully manual specification of networks. For details of the
	specification methodology see: (i) Crone and Kourentzes (2010) <doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2010.01.017>;
	and (ii) Kourentzes et al. (2014) <doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2013.12.011>.
K-nearest neighbor search for projected and non-projected 'sf' spatial layers. Nearest neighbor search uses (1) C implementation of the Vincenty Formula for lon-lat point layers, (2) function nn2() from package 'RANN' for projected point layers, or (3) function st_distance() from package 'sf' for line or polygon layers.
Estimates of coefficients of lasso penalized linear regression and generalized linear models subject to non-negativity constraints on the parameters using multiplicative iterative algorithm. Entire regularization path for a sequence of lambda values can be obtained. Functions are available for creating plots of regularization path, cross validation and estimating coefficients at a given lambda value. There is also provision for obtaining standard error of coefficient estimates.
An R interface to the Lawson-Hanson implementation of an
        algorithm for non-negative least squares (NNLS).  Also allows
        the combination of non-negative and non-positive constraints.
Imputation for both missing covariates and censored observations (optional) for survival data with missing covariates by the nearest neighbor based multiple imputation algorithm as described in Hsu et al. (2006) <doi:10.1002/sim.2452>, Long et al. (2012) <doi:10.5705/ss.2010.069>, Hsu et al. (2014) <doi:10.1080/10543406.2014.888444>, and Hsu and Yu (2017) <arXiv:1710.04721>. Note that the current version can only impute for a situation with one missing covariate.
Nonlinear nonparametric statistics using partial moments.  Partial moments are the elements of variance and asymptotically approximate the area of f(x).  These robust statistics provide the basis for nonlinear analysis while retaining linear equivalences.  NNS offers: Numerical integration, Numerical differentiation, Clustering, Correlation, Dependence, Causal analysis, ANOVA, Regression, Classification, Seasonality, Autoregressive modeling, Normalization and Stochastic dominance.  All routines based on: Viole, F. and Nawrocki, D. (2013), Nonlinear Nonparametric Statistics: Using Partial Moments (ISBN: 1490523995).
Helps a clinical trial team  discuss
    the clinical goals  of a well-defined biomarker with a diagnostic,
    staging, prognostic, or predictive purpose.  From this discussion will
    come a statistical plan for a (non-randomized) validation trial.
    Both prospective and retrospective trials are supported. In a specific
    focused discussion, investigators should determine the range of
    "discomfort" for the NNT, number needed to treat.  The meaning of
    the discomfort range, [NNTlower, NNTupper], is that within this range
    most physicians would feel discomfort either in treating or withholding
    treatment. A pair of NNT values bracketing that range, NNTpos and NNTneg,
    become the targets of the study's design.  If the trial can demonstrate
    that a positive biomarker test yields an NNT less than NNTlower,
    and that a negative biomarker test yields an NNT less than NNTlower,
    then the biomarker may be useful for patients. A highlight of the package
    is visualization of a "contra-Bayes" theorem, which produces criteria for
    retrospective case-controls studies.
Some functions for performing non-negative matrix factorization, non-negative CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition, non-negative Tucker decomposition, and generating toy model data. See Andrzej Cichock et al (2009) <doi:10.1002/9780470747278> and the reference section of GitHub README.md <https://github.com/rikenbit/nnTensor>, for details of the methods.
Allows users to explore and plot data from the
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 
    Storm Events database through R for United States counties. 
    Functionality includes matching storm event listings by time and 
    location to hurricane best tracks data. This work was 
    supported by grants from the Colorado Water Center, the National Institute 
    of Environmental Health Sciences (R00ES022631) and the National Science 
    Foundation (1331399).
Provides functions to retrieve real-time weather data from all NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) stations 
	and plot time series, boxplot, calendar heatmap and geospatial maps to analyze trends. NOAA is an American scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce that focuses on the conditions of the oceans and the atmosphere. Stations are situated at 235 locations across 50 states within United States and are used to capture weather data. NOAA offers web services <https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/api/v2/> that provide access to data collected from stations.
Node harvest is a simple interpretable tree-like estimator for high-dimensional regression and classification. A few nodes are selected from an initially large ensemble of nodes, each associated with a positive weight. New observations can fall into one or several nodes and predictions are the weighted average response across all these groups. The package offers visualization of the estimator. Predictions can return the nodes a new observation fell into, along with the mean response of training observations in each node, offering a simple explanation of the prediction.
An implementation of the nodiv algorithm, see Borregaard, M.K., Rahbek, C., Fjeldsaa, J., Parra, J.L., Whittaker, R.J. & Graham, C.H. 2014. Node-based analysis of species distributions. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 5(11): 1225-1235. <DOI:10.1111/2041-210X.12283>. Package for phylogenetic analysis of species distributions. The main function goes through each node in the phylogeny, compares the distributions of the two descendant nodes, and compares the result to a null model. This highlights nodes where major distributional divergence have occurred. The distributional divergence for these nodes is mapped using the SOS statistic.
Provides a compact variation of the usual syntax of function
  declaration, in order to support tidyverse-style quasiquotation of a
  function's arguments and body.
The NOIA model, as described extensively in Alvarez-Castro & Carlborg (2007), is a framework facilitating the estimation of genetic effects and genotype-to-phenotype maps. This package provides the basic tools to perform linear and multilinear regressions from real populations (provided the phenotype and the genotype of every individuals), estimating the genetic effects from different reference points, the genotypic values, and the decomposition of genetic variances in a multi-locus, 2 alleles system. This package is presented in Le Rouzic & Alvarez-Castro (2008).
Functions to calculate estimates of intrinsic and extrinsic noise from the two-reporter single-cell experiment, as in Elowitz, M. B., A. J. Levine, E. D. Siggia, and P. S. Swain (2002) Stochastic gene expression in a single cell. Science, 297, 1183-1186.  Functions implement multiple estimators developed for unbiasedness or min Mean Squared Error (MSE) in Fu, A. Q. and Pachter, L. (2016). Estimating intrinsic and extrinsic noise from single-cell gene expression measurements.  <http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.03334>.
An extensive implementation of state-of-the-art and classical
    algorithms to preprocess label noise in classification problems.
Package for hierarchical clustering of objects characterized by
    nominal variables.
Analysis of a matrix of polytomous items using Nominal Logistic Biplots (NLB)
  according to Hernandez-Sanchez and Vicente-Villardon (2013). 
  The NLB procedure extends the binary logistic biplot to nominal (polytomous) data. 
  The  individuals are represented as points on a plane and the  variables are represented 
  as convex prediction regions rather than vectors as in a classical or binary biplot. 
  Using the methods from Computational Geometry, the set of prediction regions is converted to a set of points 
  in such a way that the prediction for each individual is established by its closest 
  "category point". Then interpretation is based on distances rather than on projections. 
  In this package we implement the geometry of such a representation and construct computational algorithms 
  for the estimation of parameters and the calculation of prediction regions.
Functions to use the 'NamePrism' API <http://name-prism.com/api> or 'NameSor' API <https://api.namsor.com/namsor/faces/viewapikey.xhtml> for classifying names based on gender, 6 U.S. ethnicities, or 39 leaf nationalities.
Access UK official statistics from the 'Nomis' database. 
    'Nomis' includes data from the Census, the Labour Force Survey, DWP benefit 
    statistics and other economic and demographic data from the Office for 
    National Statistics, based around statistical geographies. See 
    <https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/api/v01/help> for full API documentation.
A nomogram can not be easily applied,
    because it is difficult to calculate the points or even the survival probability.
  The package, including a function of nomogramEx(),
    is to extract the polynomial equations to calculate the points of each variable,
    and the survival probability corresponding to the total points.
A collection of various regional information determined by the
    U.S. Census Bureau along with demographic data.
Conduct a noncompartmental analysis as closely as possible to the most widely used commercial software for pharmacokinetic analysis, i.e. 'Phoenix(R) WinNonlin(R)' <https://www.certara.com/software/pkpd-modeling-and-simulation/phoenix-winnonlin/>.
             Some features are
             1) Use of CDISC SDTM terms
             2) Automatic slope selection with the same criterion of WinNonlin(R)
             3) Supporting both 'linear-up linear-down' and 'linear-up log-down' method
             4) Interval(partial) AUCs with 'linear' or 'log' interpolation method
             * Reference: Gabrielsson J, Weiner D. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Data Analysis - Concepts and Applications. 5th ed. 2016. (ISBN:9198299107).
A finite-population significance test of the 'sharp' causal null hypothesis that
    treatment exposure X has no effect on final outcome Y, within the principal stratum of Compliers.
    A generalized likelihood ratio test statistic is used, and the resulting p-value is exact.
    Currently, it is assumed that there are only Compliers and Never Takers in the population.
Functions for Bayesian analysis of data from randomized experiments with non-compliance. The functions are based on the models described in Imbens and Rubin (1997) <doi:10.1214/aos/1034276631>. Currently only two types of outcome models are supported: binary outcomes and normally distributed outcomes. Models can be fit with and without the exclusion restriction and/or the strong access monotonicity assumption. Models are fit using the data augmentation algorithm as described in Tanner and Wong (1987) <doi:10.2307/2289457>.
Performs 'nonlinear Invariant Causal Prediction' to estimate the 
    causal parents of a given target variable from data collected in
    different experimental or environmental conditions, extending
    'Invariant Causal Prediction' from Peters, Buehlmann and Meinshausen (2016), 
    <arXiv:1501.01332>, to nonlinear settings. For more details, see C. Heinze-Deml, 
    J. Peters and N. Meinshausen: 'Invariant Causal Prediction for Nonlinear Models', 
    <arXiv:1706.08576>.
Functions for nonlinear time series analysis. This package permits 
             the computation of the  most-used nonlinear statistics/algorithms
             including generalized correlation dimension, information dimension,
             largest Lyapunov exponent, sample entropy and Recurrence 
             Quantification Analysis (RQA), among others. Basic routines
             for surrogate data testing are also included. Part of this work 
             was based on the  book "Nonlinear time series analysis" by 
             Holger Kantz and Thomas Schreiber (ISBN: 9780521529020).
Loading NONMEM (NONlinear Mixed-Effect Modeling, <http://www.iconplc.com/innovation/solutions/nonmem/> ) output files and simulate with parameter uncertainty.
Systematically creates and modifies NONMEM(R) control streams. Harvests
 NONMEM output, builds run logs, creates derivative data, generates diagnostics.
 NONMEM (ICON Development Solutions <http://www.iconplc.com/>) is software for 
 nonlinear mixed effects modeling. See 'package?nonmemica'.
Testing non-nested models via theory supplied by Vuong (1989) <DOI:10.2307/1912557>.
    Includes tests of model distinguishability and of model fit that can be applied
    to both nested and non-nested models. Also includes functionality to obtain
    confidence intervals associated with AIC and BIC. This material is partially based on
    work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number SES-1061334.
Contains the following 5 nonparametric hypothesis tests:
    The Sign Test,
    The 2 Sample Median Test,
    Miller's Jackknife Procedure,
    Cochran's Q Test, &
    The Stuart-Maxwell Test.
This package contains functions for measuring efficiency
        and productivity of decision making units (DMUs) under the
        framework of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and its
        variations.
Plot, process, and analyze NPO files produced by
    'Nonpareil' <http://enve-omics.ce.gatech.edu/nonpareil>.
Provides tests of significance for covariates (or groups of covariates) in a fully nonparametric regression model and a variable (or group) selection procedure based on False Discovery Rate. In addition, it provides a function for local polynomial regression for any number of dimensions, using a bandwidth specified by the user or automatically chosen by cross validation or an adaptive procedure.
This package offers a comprehensive data analysis if
        stratification and matching by the propensity score is done.
        Several functions are implemented, starting from the selection
        of the propensity score model up to estimating propensity score
        based treatment or exposure effects. All functions can be
        applied separately as well as combined.
Screening a HRMS data set for peaks related by (1) isotope patterns, (2) different adducts of the same molecule and/or (3) homologue series. The resulting isotopic pattern and adduct groups can then be combined to so-called components, with homologue series information attached. Also allows plotting and filtering HRMS data for mass defects, frequent m/z distances and components vs. non-components.
Data sets for isotope pattern grouping of LC-HRMS peaks with package nontarget. Based on a vast set of unique PubChem molecular formulas, quantized (a) m/z, (b) m/z differences, (c) intensity ratios and (d) marker centroids of simulated centroid pairs are listed for different instrument resolutions.
A non-parametric test for multi-observer concordance and
    differences between concordances in (un)balanced data.
Estimation of party/candidate ideological positions
             that correspond to a Nash equilibrium along a 
             one-dimensional space.
Onedimensional Normal Mixture Models Classes, for, e.g.,
   density estimation or clustering algorithms research and teaching;
   providing the widely used Marron-Wand densities.  Efficient random
   number generation and graphics; now fitting to data by ML (Maximum
   Likelihood) or EM estimation.
Provides the Arctic Ice Studio's Nord and Group of Seven inspired colour palettes.
The Nordklim dataset 1.0 is a unique and useful achievement for climate 
    analysis. It includes observations of twelve different climate elements from 
    more than 100 stations in the Nordic region, in time span over 100 years.
    The project contractors were NORDKLIM/NORDMET on behalf of the National 
    meteorological services in Denmark (DMI), Finland (FMI), Iceland (VI), 
    Norway (DNMI) and Sweden (SMHI).
Analysis of multivariate normal datasets with missing
        values
Builds general noise SVR models using Naive Online R Minimization Algorithm, NORMA, an optimization method based on classical stochastic gradient descent suitable for computing SVR models in an online setting.
The functions proposed in this package compute the density of the sum of a Gaussian and a gamma random variables, estimate the parameters and correct the noise effect in a gamma-signal and Gaussian-noise model. This package has been used to implement the background correction method for Illumina microarray data presented in Plancade S., Rozenholc Y. and Lund E. "Generalization of the normal-exponential model : exploration of a more accurate parameterization for the signal distribution on Illumina BeadArrays", BMC Bioinfo 2012, 13(329).
Metabolomics data are inevitably subject to a component of unwanted
    variation, due to factors such as batch effects, matrix effects, and confounding
    biological variation. This package is a collection of functions designed to 
    implement, assess, and choose a suitable normalization method 
    for a given metabolomics study (De Livera et al (2015) <doi:10.1021/ac502439y>).
This package provides functions for the normal Laplace
        distribution. It is currently under development and provides
        only limited functionality. Density, distribution and quantile
        functions, random number generation, and moments are provided.
Collection of utilities referred to Exponential Power distribution, 
  also known as General Error Distribution (see Mineo, A.M. and Ruggieri, M. (2005), A software Tool for the Exponential Power Distribution: The normalp package. In Journal of Statistical Software, Vol. 12, Issue 4)
The robustness of many of the statistical techniques, such as factor analysis, applied in 
          the social sciences rests upon the assumption of item-level normality. However, when dealing 
          with real data, these assumptions are often not met. The Box-Cox transformation (Box & Cox, 1964)
          <http://www.jstor.org/stable/2984418> provides an optimal transformation for non-normal variables. Yet, for 
          large datasets of continuous variables, its application in current software programs is cumbersome
          with analysts having to take several steps to normalise each variable. We present an R package 
          'normalr' that enables researchers to make convenient optimal transformations of multiple variables
          in datasets. This R package enables users to quickly and accurately: (1) anchor all of their 
          variables at 1.00, (2) select the desired precision with which the optimal lambda is estimated, 
          (3) apply each unique exponent to its variable, (4) rescale resultant values to within their 
          original X1 and X(n) ranges, and (5) provide original and transformed estimates of skewness, 
          kurtosis, and other inferential assessments of normality.
It provides a framework and a fast and simple way for researchers to evaluate methods (particularly some data-driven methods or their own methods) and then select a best one for data normalization in the gene expression analysis, based on the consistency of metrics and the consistency of datasets.
             Zhenfeng Wu, Weixiang Liu, Xiufeng Jin, Deshui Yu, Hua Wang, Gustavo Glusman, Max Robinson, Lin Liu, Jishou Ruan and Shan Gao (2018) <doi:10.1101/251140>.
Functions for normalizing psychometric test scores. The normalization aims at correcting the metrological properties of the psychometric tests such as the ceiling and floor effects and the curvilinearity (unequal interval scaling). Functions to compute and plot predictions in the natural scale of the psychometric test from the estimates of a linear mixed model estimated on the normalized scores are also provided. See Philipps et al (2014) <doi:10.1159/000365637> for details.
Evaluates the probability density function of the sum of
        the Gaussian and Student's t density on 3 degrees of freedom.
        Evaluates the p.d.f. of the sphered Student's t density
        function.  Also evaluates the erf, and erfc functions on
        complex-valued arguments. Thanks to Krishna Myneni the function
        is calculates the Faddeeva function also!
Tests for the composite hypothesis of normality
Includes Omnibus Univariate and Multivariate Normality
        Tests (See Doornik and Hansen (1994)). One variation allows for
        the possibility of weak dependence rather than independence in
        the variable(s). Also included is an univariate white noise
        test where the null hypothesis is "white noise" rather than
        strict "white noise".
CIPW Norm (acronym from the surnames of the authors: Cross, Iddings, Pirrson and Washington)
             is the most commonly used calculation algorithm to estimate the standard mineral assemblages
             for igneous rocks from its geochemical composition. NORRRM (acronym from noRm, R language and
             Renee) is the highly consistent program to calculate the CIPW Norm.
An implementation of a specific method for generating
    n-dimensional random vectors with given marginal distributions and
    correlation matrix. The method uses the NORTA (NORmal To Anything)
    approach which generates a standard normal random vector and then
    transforms it into a random vector with specified marginal distributions
    and the RA (Retrospective Approximation) algorithm which is a generic
    stochastic root-finding algorithm. The marginals can be continuous or
    discrete. See the vignette of package for more details.
Five omnibus tests for testing the composite hypothesis of
        normality.
Tests the goodness-of-fit to the Normal distribution for the errors of an ARMA model.
Calculate NOS (node overlap and segregation) and
    the associated metrics described in Strona and Veech (2015)
    <DOI:10.1111/2041-210X.12395> and Strona et al. (2017, In Press).
    The functions provided in the package enable assessment of
    structural patterns ranging from complete node segregation to perfect
    nestedness in a variety of network types. In addition, they provide a
    measure of network modularity.
The nose package consists of a collection of three
        functions for classifying sparseness in typical 2 x 2 data sets
        with at least one cell should have zero count. These functions
        are based on the three widely applied summary measures for 2 x
        2 categorical data viz, Risk Difference (RD), Relative Risk
        (RR), Odds Ratio (OR). This package helps to identify suitable
        continuity correction for zero cells when a multi centre
        analysis or a meta analysis is carried out. Further, it can be
        considered as a tool for sensitivity analysis for adding a
        continuity correction and to identify the presence of Simpson's
        paradox.
Provides functions to produce advanced ascii graphics, directly to the terminal window. This package utilizes the txtplot() function from the 'txtplot' package, to produce text-based histograms, empirical cumulative distribution function plots, scatterplots with fitted and regression lines, quantile plots, density plots, image plots, and contour plots.
Provides efficient implementation of the Narrowest-Over-Threshold methodology for detecting an unknown number of change-points occurring at unknown locations in one-dimensional data following 'deterministic signal + noise' model. Currently implemented scenarios are: piecewise-constant signal, piecewise-constant signal with a heavy-tailed noise, piecewise-linear signal, piecewise-quadratic signal, piecewise-constant signal and with piecewise-constant variance of the noise.
Functions to flash your hue lights, or text yourself, from R. Designed to be used with long running scripts.
This Package provides a connection to the pushover.net API
        to send push notification to your smartphone directly from R.
        (ACCOUNT REQUIRED!)
Methods and tools to estimate 'forecasts' of Brazilian macroeconomic variables in the near future or the recent past, i.e. 'nowcast'. It allows: extract information in real time, creating a real time data base; estimate relationship between macroeconomic variables via dynamic factors; forecast time series in previous periods of reference; forecast time series in the current period of reference (nowcasting); recreate a data base simulating the information available in the past for evaluating forecasting models accuracy (pseudo real-time data base); access information available in a specific date in the past (real-time data base), for some variables.
The noweb system for source code, implemented in R.
The Nozzle package provides an API to generate HTML
        reports with dynamic user interface elements based on
        JavaScript and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). Nozzle was
        designed to facilitate summarization and rapid browsing of
        complex results in data analysis pipelines where multiple
        analyses are performed frequently on big data sets. The package
        can be applied to any project where user-friendly reports need
        to be created.
Nonparametric (and semiparametric) kernel methods that seamlessly handle a mix of continuous, unordered, and ordered factor data types. We would like to gratefully acknowledge support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, <http://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca>), the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC, <http://www.sshrc-crsh.gc.ca>), and the Shared Hierarchical Academic Research Computing Network (SHARCNET, <http://www.sharcnet.ca>).
Computes interdaily stability (IS), intradaily variability (IV) & the relative amplitude (RA) from actigraphy data as described in Blume et al. (2016) <doi: 10.1016/j.mex.2016.05.006> and van Someren et al. (1999) <doi: 10.3109/07420529908998724>. Additionally, it also computes L5 (i.e. the 5 hours with lowest average actigraphy amplitude) and M10 (the 10 hours with highest average amplitude) as well as the respective start times. The flex versions will also compute the L-value for a user-defined number of minutes. IS describes the strength of coupling of a rhythm to supposedly stable zeitgebers. It varies between 0 (Gaussian Noise) and 1 for perfect IS. IV describes the fragmentation of a rhythm, i.e. the frequency and extent of transitions between rest and activity. It is near 0 for a perfect sine wave, about 2 for Gaussian noise and may be even higher when a definite ultradian period of about 2 hrs is present. RA is the relative amplitude of a rhythm. Note that to obtain reliable results, actigraphy data should cover a reasonable number of days.
With this package, it is possible to compute nonparametric simultaneous confidence intervals for relative contrast effects in the unbalanced one way layout. Moreover, it computes simultaneous p-values. The simultaneous confidence intervals can be computed using multivariate normal distribution, multivariate t-distribution with a Satterthwaite Approximation of the degree of freedom or using multivariate range preserving transformations with Logit or Probit as transformation function. 2 sample comparisons can be performed with the same methods described above. There is no assumption on the underlying distribution function, only that the data have to be at least ordinal numbers.
The package "nparLD" is designed to perform nonparametric
        analysis of longitudinal data in factorial experiments.
        Longitudinal data are those which are collected from the same
        subjects over time, and they frequently arise in biological
        sciences. Nonparametric methods do not require distributional
        assumptions, and are applicable to a variety of data types
        (continuous, discrete, purely ordinal, and dichotomous).  Such
        methods are also robust with respect to outliers and for small
        sample sizes.
Nonparametric Tests for Main Effects, Simple Effects and Interaction Effect with Censored Data and Two Factorial Influencing Variables.
These routines create multiple imputations of missing at random categorical data, with or without structural zeros. Imputations are based on Dirichlet process mixtures of multinomial distributions, which is a non-parametric Bayesian modeling approach that allows for flexible joint modeling.
A variety of functions for the best known and most innovative approaches to nonparametric boundary estimation. The selected methods are concerned with empirical, smoothed, unrestricted as well as constrained fits under both separate and multiple shape constraints. They cover robust approaches to outliers  as well as data envelopment techniques based on piecewise polynomials, splines, local linear fitting, extreme values and kernel smoothing. The package also seamlessly allows for Monte Carlo comparisons among these different estimation methods.  Its use is illustrated via a number of empirical applications and simulated examples.
An implementation of nonparametric combination of hypothesis tests.
    This package performs nonparametric combination (Pesarin and Salmaso 2010),
    a permutation-based procedure for jointly testing multiple hypotheses. The
    tests are conducted under the global "sharp" null hypothesis of no effects,
    and the component tests are combined on the metric of their p-values. A
    key feature of nonparametric combination is that it accounts for the
    dependence among tests under the null hypothesis. In addition to the
    "NPC" function, which performs nonparametric combination itself, the
    package also contains a number of helper functions, many of which calculate
    a test statistic given an input of data.
An array of nonparametric and parametric estimation methods for cognitive diagnostic models, including nonparametric classification of examinee attribute profiles, joint maximum likelihood estimation (JMLE) of examinee attribute profiles and item parameters, and nonparametric refinement of the Q-matrix, as well as conditional maximum likelihood estimation (CMLE) of examinee attribute profiles given item parameters and CMLE of item parameters given examinee attribute profiles. Currently the nonparametric methods in the package support both conjunctive and disjunctive models, and the parametric methods in the package support the DINA model, the DINO model, the NIDA model, the G-NIDA model, and the R-RUM model.
This package implements nonparametric smoothing methods for circular data.
A non parametric test for change points detection in the dependence between the components of multivariate data, with or without (multiple) changes in the marginal distributions. The full details, justification and examples are published in Rohmer (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.spl.2016.06.026>.
Provides nonparametric CUSUM tests for detecting changes
  in possibly serially dependent univariate or multivariate
  observations. Tests sensitive to changes in the expectation, the
  variance, the covariance, the autocovariance, the distribution
  function, Spearman's rho, Kendall's tau, Gini's mean difference, and
  the copula are provided, as well as a test for detecting changes in
  the distribution of independent block maxima (with environmental
  studies in mind). The latest additions are a test sensitive to
  changes in the autocopula and a combined test of stationarity
  sensitive to changes in the distribution function and the
  autocopula.
Dirichlet process mixture of multivariate normal, skew normal or skew t-distributions
             modeling oriented towards flow-cytometry data preprocessing applications.
An R-package for calculating sample size of a survival trial with or without cure fractions
Returns nonparametric aligned rank tests for the interaction in two-way factorial designs, on R data sets with repeated measures in 'wide' format. Five ANOVAs tables are reported. A PARAMETRIC one on the original data, one for a CHECK upon the interaction alignments, and three aligned rank tests: one on the aligned REGULAR, one on the FRIEDMAN, and one on the KOCH ranks. In these rank tests, only the resulting values for the interaction are relevant.
This package provides routines for plotting
      linkage and association results along a chromosome,
      with marker names displayed along the top border.
      There are also routines for generating BED and BedGraph
      custom tracks for viewing in the UCSC genome browser.
      The data reformatting program Mega2 uses this
      package to plot output from a variety of
      programs.
Performing drug response analyses and IC50 estimations using n-Parameter logistic regression. Can also be applied to proliferation analyses.
Support the book: Wu CO and Tian X (2018). Nonparametric Models for Longitudinal Data. 
             Chapman & Hall/CRC (to appear); and provide fit for using global and local smoothing methods
             for the conditional-mean and conditional-distribution based models with longitudinal Data.
Given a failure type, the function computes covariate-specific probability of failure over time and covariate-specific conditional hazard rate based on possibly right-censored competing risk data. Specifically, it computes the non-parametric maximum-likelihood estimates of these quantities and their asymptotic variances in a semi-parametric mixture model for competing-risks data, as described in Chang et al. (2007a).
Nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation or Gaussian
        quadrature for overdispersed generalized linear models and
        variance component models.
Non-Parametric Module (NPMOD) is a graphical interface dedicated to the testing of non-parametric data for educational purposes.
The main method npmpm calculates bacterial concentrations
        during food manufacture after a contamination. Variability and
        uncertainty are included by use of probability distributions
        and Monte Carlo Simulation. The model aims at predicting
        possible bacterial concentrations at one certain point in time
        s, e.g. at the end of a process chain. The process steps of
        this process chain are run through in linear order.
        Experimental data that match current process step conditions
        are gathered, and one deterministic primary model is fitted to
        every series of measured values. From every fitted curve one
        concentration of bacteria at time s is computed, yielding a set
        of concentrations. This sample of possible contamination sizes
        is assumed to follow a certain probability distribution. After
        calculation of distribution parameters, one value is randomly
        drawn from this probability distribution. This value may be
        modified, and then serves as contamination for the next process
        step.
Fit multinomial logistic regression with a penalty on the nuclear
    norm of the estimated regression coefficient matrix, using proximal
    gradient descent.
Performs analysis of one-way multivariate data, for small samples using Nonparametric techniques. Using approximations for ANOVA Type, Wilks' Lambda, Lawley Hotelling, and Bartlett Nanda Pillai Test statics, the package compares the multivariate distributions for a single explanatory variable.  The comparison is also performed using a permutation test for each of the four test statistics. The package also performs an all-subsets algorithm regarding variables and regarding factor levels.
Nonparametric Multivariate Change Point Model
Implements a nonparametric statistical test for rank or
        score data from partially-balanced incomplete block-design
        experiments.
Calculates phenological cycle and anomalies using a non-parametric
    approach applied to time series of vegetation indices derived from remote sensing data 
    or field measurements. The package implements basic and high-level functions for 
    manipulating vector data (numerical series) and raster data (satellite derived products).
    Processing of very large raster files is supported.
A method for obtaining nonparametric estimates of regression models
    with or without factor-by-curve interactions using local polynomial kernel
    smoothers or splines. Additionally, a parametric model (allometric model) can be
    estimated.
Tools for data-driven statistical analysis using local polynomial regression and kernel density estimation methods as described in Calonico, Cattaneo and Farrell (2018): lprobust() for local polynomial point estimation and robust bias-corrected inference and kdrobust() for kernel density point estimation and robust bias-corrected inference. Several optimal bandwidth selection procedures are computed by lpbwselect() and kdbwselect() for local polynomial and kernel density estimation, respectively. Finally, nprobust.plot() for density and regression plots with robust confidence interval.
In many binary classification applications, such as disease
    diagnosis and spam detection, practitioners commonly face the need to limit
    type I error (i.e., the conditional probability of misclassifying a class 0
    observation as class 1) so that it remains below a desired threshold. To address
    this need, the Neyman-Pearson (NP) classification paradigm is a natural choice;
    it minimizes type II error (i.e., the conditional probability of misclassifying
    a class 1 observation as class 0) while enforcing an upper bound, alpha, on the
    type I error. Although the NP paradigm has a century-long history in hypothesis
    testing, it has not been well recognized and implemented in classification
    schemes. Common practices that directly limit the empirical type I error to
    no more than alpha do not satisfy the type I error control objective because
    the resulting classifiers are still likely to have type I errors much larger
    than alpha. As a result, the NP paradigm has not been properly implemented
    for many classification scenarios in practice. In this work, we develop the
    first umbrella algorithm that implements the NP paradigm for all scoring-type
    classification methods, including popular methods such as logistic regression,
    support vector machines and random forests. Powered by this umbrella algorithm,
    we propose a novel graphical tool for NP classification methods: NP receiver
    operating characteristic (NP-ROC) bands, motivated by the popular receiver
    operating characteristic (ROC) curves. NP-ROC bands will help choose in a data
    adaptive way and compare different NP classifiers.
Implements several nonparametric regression approaches for the inclusion of covariate information on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) framework.
Small functions to make working with survey data in the context of
    a Net Promoter programme easier. Specifically, data transformation methods,
    some methods for examining the statistical properties of the NPS, such as
    its variance and standard errors, and some simple inferential testing
    procedures. Net Promoter and NPS are registered trademarks of Bain &
    Company, Satmetrix Systems and Fred Reichheld.
Provides a variety of tools for nonparametric and parametric efficiency measurement.
This package contains a collection of functions to to perform nonparametric deconvolution using simulation extrapolation (SIMEX). We propose an estimator that adopts the SIMEX idea but bypasses the simulation step in the original SIMEX algorithm. There is no bandwidth parameter and the estimate is determined by appropriately selecting "design points". See details in: Wang, X.F., Sun, J. and Fan, Z. (2011). Deconvolution density estimation with heteroscedastic errors using SIMEX.
Functions and datasets used in the book Nonparametric Statistical Methods Using R.
Multidimensional nonparametric spatio-temporal (geo)statistics.
    S3 classes and methods for multidimensional: linear binning,
    local polynomial kernel regression, density and variogram estimation.
    Nonparametric methods for trend and variogram inference.
An R implementation of the Necessary and Probably Sufficient (NPS) test for finding valid instrumental variables, as suggested by Amit Sharma (2016, Working Paper) <http://amitsharma.in/pubs/necessary_probably_sufficient_iv_test.pdf>. The NPS test, compares the likelihood that a given set of observational data of the three variables Z, X and Y is generated by a valid instrumental variable model (Z -> X -> Y) to the likelihood that the data is generated by an invalid IV model.
Package 'npst' generalizes Hewitt's (1971) test for seasonality and
  Rogerson's (1996) extension based on Monte-Carlo simulation.
Contains functions for non-parametric survival analysis of
	     exact and interval-censored observations.
Calculating the net reclassification improvement (NRI) for risk prediction models with time to event and binary data.
Post-normalization of total copy-number estimates.
Two implementations of canonical correlation analysis
        (CCA) that are based on iterated regression. By choosing the
        appropriate regression algorithm for each data domain, it is
        possible to enforce sparsity, non-negativity or other kinds of
        constraints on the projection vectors. Multiple canonical
        variables are computed sequentially using a generalized
        deflation scheme, where the additional correlation not
        explained by previous variables is maximized. 'nscancor' is
        used to analyze paired data from two domains, and has the same
        interface as the 'cancor' function from the 'stats' package
        (plus some extra parameters). 'mcancor' is appropriate for
        analyzing data from three or more domains. See
        <http://sigg-iten.ch/learningbits/2014/01/20/canonical-correlation-analysis-under-constraints/>
        and Sigg et al. (2007) <doi:10.1109/MLSP.2007.4414315> for more
        details.
Simulation and estimation for Neyman-Scott spatial cluster point
 process models and their extensions, based on the methodology in Tanaka, Ogata,
 and Stoyan (2008) <doi:10.1002/bimj.200610339>. For estimating parameters by
 the simplex method, parallel computation using 'OpenMP' application programming
 interface is available.
Prepares and writes files to submit to the National Student Clearinghouse's 
  StudentTracker service <http://www.studentclearinghouse.org/colleges/studenttracker/>.
Collection of functions designed to calculate numerical standard error (NSE) of univariate time series 
  as described in Ardia et al. (2016) <doi:10.2139/ssrn.2741587> and Ardia and Bluteau (2017) <doi:10.2139/ssrn.2741587>.
This package provide functions for box-constrained
        multiobjective optimization using the elitist non-dominated
        sorting genetic algorithm - NSGA-II. Fast non-dominated
        sorting, crowding distance, tournament selection, simulated
        binary crossover, and polynomial mutation are called in the
        main program, nsga2R, to complete the search.
A Gaussian process regression using a Gaussian kernel for both
    one-sample and two-sample cases. Includes non-stationary Gaussian kernel
    (exponential decay function) and several likelihood ratio tests for
    differential testing along target points.
Designed to replace the tables which were in the back of the first two editions of Hollander and Wolfe - Nonparametric Statistical Methods.  Exact procedures are performed when computationally possible.  Monte Carlo and Asymptotic procedures are performed otherwise.  For those procedures included in the base packages, our code simply provides a wrapper to standardize the output with the other procedures in the package.
Contains functions for maximum likelihood estimation of
	     nonparametric and semiparametric mixture models.
Two methods for performing a constrained principal
        component analysis (PCA), where non-negativity and/or sparsity
        constraints are enforced on the principal axes (PAs). The
        function 'nsprcomp' computes one principal component (PC) after
        the other. Each PA is optimized such that the corresponding PC
        has maximum additional variance not explained by the previous
        components. In contrast, the function 'nscumcomp' jointly
        computes all PCs such that the cumulative variance is maximal.
        Both functions have the same interface as the 'prcomp' function
        from the 'stats' package (plus some extra parameters), and both
        return the result of the analysis as an object of class
        'nsprcomp', which inherits from 'prcomp'. See
        <https://sigg-iten.ch/learningbits/2013/05/27/nsprcomp-is-on-cran/>
        and Sigg et al. (2008) <doi:10.1145/1390156.1390277> for more
        details.
A collection of statistical tools for objective (non-supervised) applications 
             of the Regional Frequency Analysis methods in hydrology. 
             The package refers to the index-value method and, more precisely, helps the
             hydrologist to: (1) regionalize the index-value; (2) form homogeneous regions 
             with similar growth curves; (3) fit distribution functions to the 
             empirical regional growth curves.
Tools for estimating Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves,
        building confidence bands, comparing several curves both for dependent and 
        independent data, estimating the cumulative-dynamic ROC curve in presence of
        censored data, and performing meta-analysis studies, among others.
A Bayesian framework for population group size estimation using the Network Scale Up Method (NSUM). Size estimates are based on a random degree model and include options to adjust for barrier and transmission effects.
Tools for 4D nucleome imaging. Quantitative analysis of the 3D nuclear landscape recorded with super-resolved fluorescence microscopy.
Modelling the vegetation, carbon, nitrogen and water dynamics of undisturbed open bog ecosystems in a temperate to sub-boreal climate. The executable of the model can downloaded from <https://github.com/jeroenpullens/NUCOMBog>.
Tools for visual inference. Generate null data sets
    and null plots using permutation and simulation. Calculate distance metrics
    for a lineup, and examine the distributions of metrics.
Provides number-theoretic functions for factorization, prime 
    numbers, twin primes, primitive roots, modular logarithm and
    inverses, extended GCD, Farey series and continuous fractions.
    Includes Legendre and Jacobi symbols, some divisor functions,
    Euler's Phi function, etc.
Validate, format and compare identification numbers used in Brazil.
  These numbers are used to identify individuals (CPF), vehicles (RENAVAN),
  companies (CNPJ) and etc.
  Functions to format, validate and compare these numbers have been 
  implemented in a vectorized way in order to speed up
  validations and comparisons in big datasets.
Methods for calculating (usually) accurate
	numerical first and second order derivatives. Accurate calculations 
	are done using 'Richardson''s' extrapolation or, when applicable, a
	complex step derivative is available. A simple difference 
	method is also provided. Simple difference is (usually) less accurate
	but is much quicker than 'Richardson''s' extrapolation and provides a 
	useful cross-check. 
	Methods are provided for real scalar and vector valued functions.
High-dimensional datasets that do not exhibit a clear intrinsic clustered structure pose a challenge to conventional clustering algorithms. For this reason, we developed an unsupervised framework that helps scientists to better subgroup their datasets based on visual cues [Makinen V-P et al. (2011) J Proteome Res 11:1782-1790, <doi:10.1021/pr201036j>]. The framework includes the necessary functions to import large data files, to construct a self-organizing map of the data, to evaluate the statistical significance of the observed data patterns, and to visualize the results in scalable vector graphics.
Format numbers and plots for publication; includes the removal of leading zeros,
           standardization of number of digits, addition of affixes, and a p-value formatter. These
           tools combine the functionality of several 'base' functions such as 'paste()', 'format()',
           and 'sprintf()' into specific use case functions that are named in a way that is
           consistent with usage, making their names easy to remember and easy to deploy.
A number series generator that creates number series items based on cognitive models.
To add the table of numbers at risk below the Kaplan-Meier plot.
Package for optimizing regular numeric problems in optically stimulated luminescence 
        dating, such as: equivalent dose calculation, dose rate determination, growth curve fitting,
        decay curve decomposition, statistical age model optimization, and statistical plot visualization.
This package contains data sets used as examples in the
        book "R in a Nutshell" from O'Reilly Media. For more
        information on this book, see
        http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920022008.do
This package contains the Audio Scrobbler data set used as
        an example in the book "R in a Nutshell" from O'Reilly Media.
        For more information about this book, see
        http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920022008.do
This package contains the baseball databank data set used
        as an example in the book "R in a Nutshell" from O'Reilly
        Media. For more information about this book, see
        http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920022008.do
Provides an interface for the nVenn algorithm
    (Perez-Silva et al. 2018) <DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/bty109>. This algorithm works for any number of sets, 
    and usually yields pleasing and informative Venn diagrams with proportionality information. 
    However, representing more than six sets takes a long time and is hard to interpret, unless many of the 
    regions are empty. If you cannot make sense of the result, you may want to consider 'UpSetR'
    <https://cran.r-project.org/package=UpSetR/README.html>.
Provides coordination and parallel execution facilities,
        as well as limited cross-language data exchange, using the
        netWorkSpaces server developed by REvolution Computing
Airline on-time data for all flights departing NYC in 2013.
    Also includes useful 'metadata' on airlines, airports, weather, and planes.
New York City's Taxi and Limousine Commission (TLC) Trip Data 
    <http://www.nyc.gov/html/tlc/html/about/trip_record_data.shtml> is a 
    collection of green and yellow taxi trip data. The data was collected 
    and provided by technology providers under the Taxicab & 
    Livery Passenger Enhancement Programs <http://www.nyc.gov/html/tlc/html/industry/shl.shtml>.
    This package helps users to download New York City Trip Data.
Convenient access to New Zealand election
    results by voting place.  Voting places have been matched to Regional Council,
    Territorial Authority, and Area Unit, to facilitate matching with additional data.
    Opinion polls since 2002 and some convenience analytical function are also supplied.
Datasets of driving offences and fines in New Zealand between 2009 and 2017.
    Originally published by the New Zealand Police at
    <http://www.police.govt.nz/about-us/publication/road-policing-driver-offence-data-january-2009-december-2017>.
Provides carefully chosen color palettes as used a.o. at OpenAnalytics <http://www.openanalytics.eu>.
A general purpose client to work with any 'OAI-PMH'
    (Open Archives Initiative Protocol for 'Metadata' Harvesting) service.
    The 'OAI-PMH' protocol is described at
    <http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/openarchivesprotocol.html>.
    Functions are provided to work with the 'OAI-PMH' verbs: 'GetRecord',
    'Identify', 'ListIdentifiers', 'ListMetadataFormats', 'ListRecords', and
    'ListSets'.
Harvest metadata using the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata
  Harvesting (OAI-PMH) version 2.0 (for more information, see
  <http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/openarchivesprotocol.html>).
Offers a suite of functions for enhancing R plots.
Implements the efficient algorithm by Ortmann and Brandes (2017)
  <doi:10.1007/s41109-017-0027-2> to compute the orbit-aware frequency distribution of induced and non-induced quads, i.e. subgraphs of size four. Given an edge matrix, data frame, or a graph object (e.g., 'igraph'), the orbit-aware counts are computed respective each of the edges and nodes.
Generalise the starting point of the array index.
Trains and makes predictions from the OASIS method, described in
    detail in the paper "OASIS is Automated Statistical Inference for Segmentation,
    with applications to multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation in MRI" 
    <doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2013.03.002>. 
    OASIS is a method for multiple sclerosis (MS)
    lesion segmentation on structural magnetic resonance image (MRI) studies. OASIS
    creates probability maps of lesion presence using the FLAIR, T2, T1, and PD
    structural MRI volumes. This packages allows for training of the OASIS model
    and prediction of OASIS probability maps from a trained model with user supplied
    studies that have a gold standard lesion segmentation masks. The package will
    also create OASIS probability maps for MRI studies using the OASIS model from
    the OASIS paper if no gold standard lesion segmentation masks are available.
A set of indexes and tests for the analysis of social segregation.
An implementation of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition for linear regression models.
Data processing, visualisation and analysis of Limit Order Book
    event data.
Supports the definition of sets of properties on objects. Observers can listen to changes on individual properties or the set as a whole. The properties are meant to be fully self-describing. In support of this, there is a framework for defining enumerated types, as well as other bounded types, as S4 classes.
A mutable Signal object can report changes to its state,
    clients could register functions so that they are called whenever
    the signal is emited. The signal could be emited, disconnected,
    blocked, unblocked, and buffered.
This package conducts factor rotation techniques which
        intentd to identify a simple and well-clustered structure in a
        factor loading matrix.
Random forest with oblique decision trees for binary
        classification tasks. Discriminative node models in the tree
        are based on: ridge regression, partial least squares
        regression, logistic regression, linear support vector
        machines, or random coefficients.
Applies an objective Bayesian method to the Mb capture-recapture model to estimate the population size N.  The Mb model is a class of capture-recapture methods used to account for variations in capture probability due to animal behavior.  Under the Mb formulation,  the initial capture of an animal may effect the probability of subsequent captures due to their becoming "trap happy" or "trap shy."
An implementation for computing Optimal B-Robust Estimators (OBRE) of two
    parameters distributions. The procedure is composed by some equations
    that are evaluated alternatively until the solution is reached. Some tools
    for analyzing the estimates are included. The most relevant is OBRE
    covariance matrix computation using a closed formula.
The package includes two functions for measuring agreement. Raw Agreement Indices (RAI) to categorical data and Information-Based Measure of Disagreement (IBMD) to continuous data. It can be used for multiple raters and multiple readings cases.
Two-part system for first collecting then managing direct
    observation data, as described by Hibbing PR, Ellingson LD,
    Dixon PM, & Welk GJ (2018) <doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001486>.
Checks that a given dataset passes user-specified 
    rules. The main functions are observe_if() and inspect().
Implements the objective Bayesian methodology proposed in Consonni and Deldossi in order to choose the optimal experiment that better discriminate between competing models. G.Consonni, L. Deldossi (2014) Objective Bayesian Model Discrimination in Follow-up Experimental Designs, Test. <DOI:10.1007/s11749-015-0461-3>.
Observational studies are limited in that there could be
        an unmeasured variable related to both the response variable
        and the primary predictor.  If this unmeasured variable were
        included in the analysis it would change the relationship
        (possibly changing the conclusions).  Sensitivity analysis is a
        way to see how much of a relationship needs to exist with the
        unmeasured variable before the conclusions change.  This
        package provides tools for doing a sensitivity analysis for
        regression (linear, logistic, and cox) style models.
Estimates optimal classification (Poole 2000) <doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.pan.a029814>
		scores from roll call votes supplied though a 'rollcall'
		object from package 'pscl'.
Computes optimal capital allocations based on some standard principles such as Haircut, Overbeck type II and the Covariance Allocation Principle. It also provides some shortcuts for obtaining the Value at Risk and the Expectation Shortfall, using both the normal and the t-student distribution, see Urbina and Guillén (2014)<doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2014.05.017> and Urbina (2013)<http://hdl.handle.net/2099.1/19443>.
Generic function for estimating positron emission tomography (PET) neuroreceptor occupancies from the total volumes of distribution of a set of regions of interest. Fittings methods include the simple 'reference region' and 'ordinary least squares' (sometimes known as occupancy plot) methods, as well as the more efficient 'restricted maximum likelihood estimation'.
Supports the analysis of Oceanographic data, including 'ADCP'
    measurements, measurements made with 'argo' floats, 'CTD' measurements,
    sectional data, sea-level time series, coastline and topographic data, etc.
    Provides specialized functions for calculating seawater properties such as
    potential temperature in either the 'UNESCO' or 'TEOS-10' equation of state.
    Produces graphical displays that conform to the conventions of the Oceanographic
    literature.
Plotting toolbox for 2D oceanographic data (satellite data, sst, chla, ocean fronts & bathymetry). Recognized classes and formats include ncdf4, Raster, '.nc' and '.gz' files.
Functions for transforming and viewing 2-D and 3-D (oceanographic) data and model output.
Several important and Oceanographic datasets are provided. These are particularly useful to the Oce package, but can be helpful in a general context, as well.
Extends 'flexclust' with an R implementation of order constrained
  solutions in k-means clustering (Steinley and Hubert, 2008, <doi:10.1007/s11336-008-9058-z>).
Regression model where the response variable is a rank-indexed compositional vector (non-negative values that sum up to one and are ordered from the largest to the smallest). Parameters are estimated in the Bayesian framework using MCMC methods.
Helper methods for accessing data from web service based on OData Protocol.
  It provides several helper methods to access the service metadata, the data from datasets and to download some file resources (it only support CSV for now).
  For more information about OData go to <http://www.odata.org/documentation/>.
This package provides functions to create, connect, update
        and query HSQL databases embedded in Open Document Databases
        (.odb) files, as OpenOffice and LibreOffice do.
A DBI-compatible interface to ODBC databases.
Conversion between the most common odds types for sports betting.
    Hong Kong odds, US odds, Decimal odds, Indonesian odds, Malaysian odds, and raw
    Probability are covered in this package.
Simplified odds ratio calculation of GAM(M)s & GLM(M)s. 
    Provides structured output (data frame) of all predictors and their corresponding odds ratios and confident intervals
    for further analyses. It helps to avoid false references of predictors and increments by
    specifying these parameters in a list instead of using 'exp(coef(model))' 
    (standard approach of odds ratio calculation for GLMs) which just returns a plain numeric output. 
    For GAM(M)s, odds ratio calculation is highly simplified with this package since it takes care of
    the multiple 'predict()' calls of the chosen predictor while holding other predictors constant.
    Also, this package allows odds ratio calculation of percentage steps across the whole
    predictor distribution range for GAM(M)s. In both cases, confident intervals are returned additionally.
    Calculated odds ratio of GAM(M)s can be inserted into the smooth function plot.
Wraps the Boost odeint library for integration of differential
    equations.
Simulates a network of ordinary differential equations of order
    two. The package provides an easy interface to construct networks. In addition
    you are able to define different external triggers to manipulate the trajectory.
    The method is described by Surmann, Ligges, and Weihs (2014) <doi:10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850482>.
Performs sensitivity analysis in ordinary differential equation (ode) models.
    The package utilize the ode interface from 'deSolve' and connects it with the 
    sensitivity analysis from 'sensitivity'. Additionally we add a method to
    run the sensitivity analysis on variables with class 'ODEnetwork'. A detailed
    plotting function provides outputs on the calculations.
    The method is described by Weber, Theers, Surmann, Ligges, and Weihs (2018) <doi:10.17877/DE290R-18874>.
After develop a 'ODK' <https://opendatakit.org/> frame, we can link the frame to 'Google Sheets' <https://www.google.com/sheets/about/> and collect data through 'Android' <https://www.android.com/>. This data uploaded to a 'Google sheets'. odk2spss() function help to convert the 'odk' frame into 'SPSS' <https://www.ibm.com/analytics/us/en/technology/spss/> frame. Also able to add downloaded 'Google sheets' data or read data from 'Google sheets' by using 'ODK' frame 'submission_url'.
Functions to compute the one-sided dynamic
	principal components ('odpc') introduced in Smucler, Peña and Yohai (2017)
	<arXiv:1708.04705>. 'odpc' is a novel dimension
	reduction technique for multivariate time series, that is useful
	for forecasting. These dynamic principal components are defined as
	the linear combinations of the present and past values of the series
	that minimize the reconstruction mean squared error.
Calculate the optimal sample allocation that minimizes the variance of
    treatment effect in multilevel randomized trials under fixed budget and cost structure,
    perform power analyses with and without
    accommodating costs and budget. The references for proposed methods are: 
    (1) Shen, Z., & Kelcey, B. (2018, April). Optimal design of cluster
    randomized trials under condition- and unit-specific cost structures. Roundtable
    discussion to be presented at American Educational Research Association (AERA)
    annual conference; (2) Shen, Z., & Kelcey, B. (under review). 
    Optimal sample allocation under unequal costs in cluster-randomized trials.
    Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics; (3) Shen, Z.(in progress). 
    Using optimal sample allocation to
    improve design efficiency for multilevel randomized trials.
    (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.
Access The Observatory of Economic Complexity API from R to download international trade data.
Solves penalized least squares problems for big tall data
    using the orthogonalizing EM algorithm of Xiong et al. (2016) 
    <doi:10.1080/00401706.2015.1054436>. The main fitting function is oem() and the
    functions cv.oem() and xval.oem() are for cross validation, the latter being an
    accelerated cross validation function for linear models. The big.oem() function
    allows for out of memory fitting.
Access and manipulate 'Microsoft Word' and 'Microsoft PowerPoint' documents from R. 
  The package focuses on tabular and graphical reporting from R; it also provides two functions
  that let users get document content into data objects. A set of functions 
  lets add and remove images, tables and paragraphs of text in new or existing documents. 
  When working with 'PowerPoint' presentations, slides can be added or removed; shapes inside 
  slides can also be added or removed. When working with 'Word' documents, a cursor can be 
  used to help insert or delete content at a specific location in the document. The package 
  does not require any installation of Microsoft products to be able to write Microsoft files.
Consider a data matrix of n individuals with p variates. The objective general index (OGI)
    is a general index that combines the p variates into a univariate index in order to rank the n
    individuals. The OGI is always positively correlated with each of the variates.
    More details can be found in Sei (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2016.02.005>.
Ordered models such as ordered probit and ordered logit presume that the error variance is constant across observations. In the case that this assumption does not hold estimates of marginal effects are typically biased (Weiss (1997)). This package allows for generalization of ordered probit and ordered logit models by allowing the user to specify a model for the variance. Furthermore, the package includes functions to calculate the marginal effects. Wrapper functions to estimate the standard limited dependent variable models are also included.
Ing and Lai (2011) <doi:10.5705/ss.2010.081> proposed a high-dimensional model selection procedure that comprises three steps: orthogonal greedy algorithm (OGA), high-dimensional information criterion (HDIC), and Trim. The first two steps, OGA and HDIC, are used to sequentially select input variables and determine stopping rules, respectively. The third step, Trim, is used to delete irrelevant variables remaining in the second step. This package aims at fitting a high-dimensional linear regression model via OGA+HDIC+Trim.
R Client for Ohmage 2 server. Implements basic R
    functions to retrieve and process data.
Ordered homogeneity pursuit lasso (OHPL)
    algorithm for group variable selection proposed in Lin et al. (2017)
    <DOI:10.1016/j.chemolab.2017.07.004>. The OHPL method exploits the
    homogeneity structure in high-dimensional data and enjoys the
    grouping effect to select groups of important variables
    automatically. This feature makes it particularly useful for
    high-dimensional datasets with strongly correlated variables,
    such as spectroscopic data.
Calculate's Tomoka Ohta's partitioning of linkage disequilibrium,
 deemed D-statistics, for pairs of loci. Beissinger et al. (2016) <doi:10.1038/hdy.2015.81>.
A collection of data sets from several sources that may be
        useful for teaching, practice, or other purposes. Functions
        have also been included to assist in the retrieval of table
        data from websites or in visualizing sample data.
Provides simple crosstab output with optional statistics (e.g., Goodman-Kruskal Gamma, Somers' d, and Kendall's tau-b) as well as two-way and one-way tables. The package is used within the statistics component of the Masters of Science (MSc) in Social Science of the Internet at the Oxford Internet Institute (OII), University of Oxford, but the functions should be useful for general data analysis and especially for analysis of categorical and ordinal data.
Supplemental functions and data for the OpenIntro guide to the survival package in R.
Functions to calculate the Oja median, Oja signs and ranks and methods based upon them.
Cleaned profile data from "OkCupid Profile Data for Introductory
    Statistics and Data Science Courses" (Journal of Statistics Education 2015
    <http://www.amstat.org/publications/jse/v23n2/kim.pdf>).
okmesonet retrieves and summarizes Oklahoma (USA) Mesonet
 climatological data provided by the Oklahoma Climatological Survey. 
 Measurements are recorded every five minutes at approximately 120 stations
 throughout Oklahoma and are available in near real-time.
'Open Location Codes' <http://openlocationcode.com/>
    are a Google-created standard for identifying geographic locations. 'olctools' provides
    utilities for validating, encoding and decoding entries that follow this
    standard.
Calculate the theorical specificity of a system of
        multiple primers used for PCR, qPCR primers or degenerated
        primer design
Provides tools for more easily organizing and
    plotting individual ordinary least square (OLS) growth curve
    trajectories.
Tools for building OLS regression models . Includes 
    comprehensive regression output, heteroskedasticity tests, collinearity diagnostics, 
    residual diagnostics, measures of influence, model fit assessment and variable selection procedures.
This package including two useful function, which can be
        used for filter the molecular descriptors matrix for QSAR.
It provides functions to generate a correlation matrix
    from a genetic dataset and to use this matrix to predict the phenotype of an
    individual by using the phenotypes of the remaining individuals through
    kriging. Kriging is a geostatistical method for optimal prediction or best
    unbiased linear prediction. It consists of predicting the value of a
    variable at an unobserved location as a weighted sum of the variable at
    observed locations. Intuitively, it works as a reverse linear regression:
    instead of computing correlation (univariate regression coefficients are
    simply scaled correlation) between a dependent variable Y and independent
    variables X, it uses known correlation between X and Y to predict Y.
A collection of functions to analyse '--omics' datasets such as DNA
    methylation and gene expression profiles.
Performs the O2PLS data integration method for two datasets yielding joint and data-specific parts for each dataset.
    The algorithm automatically switches to a memory-efficient approach to fit O2PLS to high dimensional data.
    It provides a rigorous and a faster alternative cross-validation method to select the number of components,
    as well as functions to report proportions of explained variation and to construct plots of the results.
    See Trygg and Wold (2003) <doi:10.1002/cem.775> and el Bouhaddani et al (2016) <doi:10.1186/s12859-015-0854-z>.
Model mixed integer linear programs in an algebraic way directly in R.
             The model is solver-independent and thus offers the possibility
             to solve a model with different solvers. It currently only supports
             linear constraints and objective functions. See the 'ompr'
             website <https://dirkschumacher.github.io/ompr> for more information, 
             documentation and examples.
A solver for 'ompr' based on the R Optimization Infrastructure ('ROI').
  The package makes all solvers in 'ROI' available to solve 'ompr' models. Please see the
  'ompr' website <https://dirkschumacher.github.io/ompr> and package docs for more information
  and examples on how to use it.
Implementation of a likelihood ratio test of differential
    onset of senescence between two groups. Given two groups with
    measures of age and of an individual trait likely to be subjected to
    senescence (e.g. body mass), 'OnAge' provides an asymptotic p-value
    for the null hypothesis that senescence starts at the same age in
    both groups. The package implements the procedure used in 
    Douhard et al. (2017) <doi:10.1111/oik.04421>.
Computing probabilistic tree models for oncogenesis based
        on genetic data using maximum likelihood.
Contains functions to construct and evaluate directed tree structures that
   model the process of occurrence of genetic alterations during carcinogenesis.
Purpose of this package is it to plan, monitor and evaluate
    oncological phase II studies. In general this kind of studies are single-arm
    trials with planned interim analysis and binary endpoint. To meet the resulting
    requirements, the package provides functions to calculate and evaluate 'Simon's
    two-stage designs' and 'so-called' 'subset designs'. If you are unfamiliar with
    this package a good starting point is to take a closer look at the functions
    getSolutions() and getSolutionsSub1().The web-based tool (<https://imbi.shinyapps.io/phaseII-app/>)
    extends the functionality of our R package by means of a proper dealing with over- and underrunning.
    The R function binom.test of the 'stats' R package and the package 'binom' might be 
    helpful to assess the performance of the corresponding one-stage design as a reference.
Quickly create numeric matrices for machine learning algorithms
    that require them. It converts factor columns into onehot vectors.
Analysis of molecular marker data from model (backcrosses,
    F2 and recombinant inbred lines) and non-model systems (i. e.
    outcrossing species). For the later, it allows statistical
    analysis by simultaneously estimating linkage and linkage
    phases (genetic map construction) according to Wu et al. (2002)
    <doi:10.1006/tpbi.2002.1577>. All analysis are based on multipoint 
    approaches using hidden Markov models.
Implements the One Rule (OneR) Machine Learning classification algorithm (Holte, R.C. (1993) <doi:10.1023/A:1022631118932>) with enhancements for sophisticated handling of numeric data and missing values together with extensive diagnostic functions. It is useful as a baseline for machine learning models and the rules are often helpful heuristics.
Provides a series of functions designed to enable users to easily search and interact with occupational data from the O*NET API <www.onetonline.org>. The package produces parsed and listed XML data for custom interactions, or pre-packaged functions for easy extraction of specific data (e.g., Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, Work Styles, etc.).
In this package, we introduce an R function
        one_two_sample() which can deal with one and two (normal)
        samples. For one normal sample x, the function reports
        descriptive statistics, plot, interval estimation and test of
        hypothesis of x. For two normal samples x and y, the function
        reports descriptive statistics, plot, interval estimation and
        test of hypothesis of x and y, respectively. It also reports
        interval estimation and test of hypothesis of mu1-mu2 (the
        difference of the means of x and y) and sigma1^2 / sigma2^2
        (the ratio of the variances of x and y), tests whether x and y
        are from the same population, finds the correlation coefficient
        of x and y if x and y have the same length.
Performs one-way tests in independent groups designs, pairwise comparisons, graphical approaches, assesses variance homogeneity and normality of data in each group via tests and plots.
Quaternions and Octonions are four- and eight- dimensional
  extensions of the complex numbers.  They are normed division
  algebras over the real numbers and find applications in spatial
  rotations (quaternions) and string theory and relativity
  (octonions).  The quaternions are noncommutative and the octonions
  nonassociative.  See RKS Hankin 2006, Rnews Volume 6/2: 49-51, and
  the package vignette, for more details.
Online PCA for multivariate and functional data using perturbation methods, low-rank incremental methods, and stochastic optimization methods.
Functions for recursive online fitting of time-adaptive lasso vector auto regression. A recursive coordinate descent algorithm is used to estimate sparse vector auto regressive models and exponential forgetting is applied to allow model changes. Details can be found in Jakob W. Messner and Pierre Pinson (2018). "Online adaptive LASSO estimation in Vector Auto Regressive models for wind power forecasting in high dimension". International Journal of Forecasting, in press. Preprint: <http://pierrepinson.com/docs/MessnerPinson18.pdf>.
Orthogonal Nonlinear Least-Squares Regression using Levenberg-Marquardt Minimization.
R Interface to 'ONNX' - Open Neural Network Exchange <https://onnx.ai/>. 
             'ONNX' provides an open source format for machine learning models. 
             It defines an extensible computation graph model, as well as definitions
             of built-in operators and standard data types.
Functions for reading ontologies into R as lists and manipulating sets of ontological terms - 'ontologyX: A suite of R packages for working with ontological data', Greene et al 2017 <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw763>.
Functions for visualising sets of ontological terms using the 'graphviz' layout system.
Functions for calculating semantic similarities between ontological terms or sets of ontological terms based on term information content and assessing statistical significance of similarity in the context of a collection of sets of ontological terms.
Provides functions to calculate the out-of-bag learning curve for random forests for any measure that is available in the 'mlr' package. Supported random forest packages are 'randomForest' and 'ranger' and trained models of these packages with the train function of 'mlr'. The main function is 'OOBCurve' that calculates the out-of-bag curve depending on the number of trees. With the 'OOBCurvePars' function out-of-bag curves can also be calculated for 'mtry', 'sample.fraction' and 'min.node.size' for the 'ranger' package.
Provides the class unions that must be
  preloaded in order for the basic tools in the OOMPA (Object-Oriented 
  Microarray and Proteomics Analysis) project to be defined and loaded.
  It also includes vectorized operations for row-by-row means,
  variances, and t-tests. Finally, it provides new color schemes.
  Details on the packages in the OOMPA project can be found at
  <http://oompa.r-forge.r-project.org/>.
This is a data-only package to provide example data for
  other packages that are part of the "Object-Oriented Microrray and
  Proteomics Analysis" suite of packages. These are described in more
  detail at the package URL.
Implementation of optimistic optimization methods for global optimization of deterministic or stochastic functions. The algorithms feature guarantees of the convergence to a global optimum. They require minimal assumptions on the (only local) smoothness, where the smoothness parameter does not need to be known. They are expected to be useful for the most difficult functions when we have no information on smoothness and the gradients are unknown or do not exist. Due to the weak assumptions, however, they can be mostly effective only in small dimensions, for example, for hyperparameter tuning.
Contains tools for open assessment and modelling in Opasnet,
 a wiki-based web site and workspace for societal decision making
 (see <http://en.opasnet.org/w/Main_Page> for more information).
 The core principle of the workspace is maximal openness and modularity.
 Variables are defined on public wiki pages using wiki inputs/tables,
 databases and R code. This package provides the functionality to download and use these
 variables. It also contains health impact assessment tools such as
 spatial methods for exposure modelling.
Several function related to Experimental Design are implemented here, see
  "Optimal Experimental Design with R" by Rasch D. et. al (ISBN 9781439816974).
'Openaddresses' (<https://openaddresses.io/>) client. Search,
    fetch data, and combine 'datasets'. Outputs are easy to visualize
    with base plots, 'ggplot2', or 'leaflet'.
Tools to analyse, interpret and understand air
    pollution data. Data are typically hourly time series
    and both monitoring data and dispersion model output
    can be analysed.  Many functions can also be applied to
    other data, including meteorological and traffic data.
Tool for accessing the OpenCage API, which provides forward
    geocoding (from placename to longitude and latitude) and reverse geocoding (from
    longitude and latitude to placename).
This package provides an interface to OpenCL, allowing R
        to leverage computing power of GPUs and other HPC accelerator
        devices.
A system for embedded scientific computing and reproducible research with R.
    The OpenCPU server exposes a simple but powerful HTTP api for RPC and data interchange
    with R. This provides a reliable and scalable foundation for statistical services or 
    building R web applications. The OpenCPU server runs either as a single-user development
    server within the interactive R session, or as a multi-user Linux stack based on Apache2. 
    The entire system is fully open source and permissively licensed. The OpenCPU website
    has detailed documentation and example apps.
Functions for non-spatial and spatial open-population capture-recapture analysis.
Enables the usage of the OpenDota API from <https://www.opendota.com/>, get game lists, and download JSON's of parsed replays from
    the OpenDota API. Also has functionality to execute own code to extract the specific parts of the JSON file.
An implementation of DuMouchel's (1999) 
  <doi:10.1080/00031305.1999.10474456> Bayesian data mining method for the
  market basket problem. Calculates Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean (EBGM) and
  quantile scores from the posterior distribution using the Gamma-Poisson
  Shrinker (GPS) model to find unusually large cell counts in large, sparse
  contingency tables. Can be used to find unusually high reporting rates of
  adverse events associated with products. In general, can be used to mine any
  database where the co-occurrence of two variables or items is of interest.
  Also calculates relative and proportional reporting ratios. Builds on the work
  of the 'PhViD' package, from which much of the code is derived. Some of the
  added features include stratification to adjust for confounding variables and
  data squashing to improve computational efficiency. Now includes an
  implementation of the EM algorithm for hyperparameter estimation loosely
  derived from the 'mederrRank' package.
Incorporates functions for image preprocessing, filtering and image recognition. The package takes advantage of 'RcppArmadillo' to speed up computationally intensive functions. The histogram of oriented gradients descriptor is a modification of the 'findHOGFeatures' function of the 'SimpleCV' computer vision platform and the average_hash(), dhash() and phash() functions are based on the 'ImageHash' python library.
Supplemental functions and data for 'OpenIntro' resources, which includes open-source textbooks and resources for introductory statistics at <http://www.openintro.org>. The package contains data sets used in our open-source textbooks along with custom plotting functions for reproducing book figures. Note that many functions and examples include color transparency; some plotting elements may not show up properly (or at all) when run in some versions of Windows operating system.
We provide an R interface to 'OpenML.org' which is an online machine learning platform where researchers can access open data, download and upload data sets, share their machine learning tasks and experiments and organize them online to work and collaborate with other researchers. 
    The R interface allows to query for data sets with specific properties, and allows the downloading and uploading of data sets, tasks, flows and runs. 
    See <https://www.openml.org/guide/api> for more information.
The OpenMPController package provides a function omp_set_num_threads()
        to set the number of OpenMP threads to be used.
        This may be useful, for example, when linking against a vendor
        optimised BLAS/LAPACK library (e.g. the AMD Core Math
        Library), since the defaults used by those libraries may not
        be highly performant.
Facilitates treatment of statistical model specifications
    as things that can be generated and manipulated programmatically.
    Structural equation models may be specified with reticular action model matrices or paths,
    linear structural relations matrices or paths, or
    directly in matrix algebra.
    Fit functions include full information maximum likelihood,
    maximum likelihood, and weighted least squares.
    Example models include confirmatory factor, multiple group, mixture
    distribution, categorical threshold, modern test theory, differential
    equations, state space, and many others.  MacOS users can download the most up-to-date 
    package binaries from <http://openmx.ssri.psu.edu>.
    See Neale, Hunter, Pritikin, Zahery, Brick,
    Kirkpatrick, Estabrook, Bates, Maes, & Boker (2016) <doi:10.1007/s11336-014-9435-8>.
An interface to the Apache OpenNLP tools (version 1.5.3).
  The Apache OpenNLP library is a machine learning based toolkit for the
  processing of natural language text written in Java.
  It supports the most common NLP tasks, such as tokenization, sentence
  segmentation, part-of-speech tagging, named entity extraction, chunking,
  parsing, and coreference resolution.
  See <http://opennlp.apache.org/> for more information.
Apache OpenNLP jars and basic English language models.
Analyze repertory grids, a qualitative-quantitative 
    data collection technique devised by George A. Kelly in the 1950s. Today, grids are used across 
    various domains ranging from clinical psychology to marketing. The package contains
    functions to quantitatively analyze and visualize repertory grid data 
    (see e.g. Bell, 2005, <doi:10.1002/0470013370.ch9>; 
    Fransella, Bell, & Bannister, 2004, ISBN: 978-0-470-09080-0).
Bindings to OpenSSL libssl and libcrypto, plus custom SSH pubkey parsers.
    Supports RSA, DSA and EC curves P-256, P-384 and P-521. Cryptographic signatures
    can either be created and verified manually or via x509 certificates. AES can be
    used in cbc, ctr or gcm mode for symmetric encryption; RSA for asymmetric (public
    key) encryption or EC for Diffie Hellman. High-level envelope functions combine
    RSA and AES for encrypting arbitrary sized data. Other utilities include key
    generators, hash functions (md5, sha1, sha256, etc), base64 encoder, a secure
    random number generator, and 'bignum' math methods for manually performing
    crypto calculations on large multibyte integers.
An open source implementation of the 'STARS' toolbox
    (Peterson & Ver Hoef, 2014, <doi:10.18637/jss.v056.i02>) using 'R' and 'GRASS GIS'.
    It prepares the *.ssn object needed for the 'SSN' package.
    A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is used to derive stream networks 
    (in contrast to 'STARS' that can clean an existing stream network).
Accesses high resolution raster maps using the OpenStreetMap
    protocol. Dozens of road, satellite, and topographic map servers are directly
    supported, including Apple, Mapnik, Bing, and stamen. Additionally raster maps
    may be constructed using custom tile servers.  Maps can be
    plotted using either base graphics, or ggplot2. This package is not affiliated
    with the OpenStreetMap.org mapping project.
opentraj uses the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT) for computing simple air parcel trajectories. The functions in this package allow users to run HYSPLIT for trajectory calculations, as well as get its results, directly from R without using any GUI interface.
Implements multiple existing open-source algorithms for coding cause of death from verbal autopsies. It also provides tools for data manipulation tasks commonly used in Verbal Autopsy analysis and implements easy graphical visualization of individual and population level statistics.
Simplifies the creation of Excel .xlsx files by providing a high
    level interface to writing, styling and editing worksheets. Through the use of
    'Rcpp', read/write times are comparable to the 'xlsx' and 'XLConnect' packages
    with the added benefit of removing the dependency on Java.
Misc methods to form online predictions, for regression-oriented time-series, by combining a finite set of forecasts provided by the user.
Provides a collection of utilities that allow programming with 
    R's operators. Routines allow classifying operators, 
    translating to and from an operator and its underlying function, and inverting 
    some operators (e.g. comparison operators), etc. All methods can be extended
    to custom infix operators.
A set of binary operators for common tasks such as regex
        manipulation.
Implementation of the Open Perimetry Interface (OPI) for simulating and controlling visual field machines using R. The OPI is a standard for interfacing with visual field testing machines (perimeters). It specifies basic functions that allow many visual field tests to be constructed. As of October 2017 it is fully implemented on the Octopus 900 and partially on the Heidelberg Edge Perimeter, the Kowa AP 7000, the CrewT imo and the Centervue Compass. It also has a cousin: the R package 'visualFields', which has tools for analysing and manipulating visual field data.
Computes the routing distribution, the expectation of the number of broadcasts, transmissions and receptions considering an Opportunistic transport model. It provides theoretical results and also estimated values based on Monte Carlo simulations.
Comparison of data by Pearson product-moment correlation
        coefficients is prone to outliers. The problem can be
        alleviated by normalizing data with outliers before computing
        the Pearson correlation coefficient. The sample provides such
        normalization by optimal power space transformation.
Searches for optimal linear combination of multiple
        diagnostic tests (markers) that maximizes the area under the
        receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC); performs an
        approximated cross-validation for estimating the AUC associated
        with the estimated coefficients.
Given a certain coverage level, obtains simultaneous confidence
    bands for the survival and cumulative hazard functions such that the area
    between is minimized. Produces an approximate solution based on local time
    arguments.
Computes A-, MV-, D- and E-optimal or near-optimal block designs for two-colour cDNA microarray experiments using the linear fixed effects and mixed effects models where the interest is in a comparison of all possible elementary treatment contrasts. The algorithms used in this package are based on the treatment exchange and array exchange algorithms of Debusho, Gemechu and Haines (2016, unpublished). The package also provides an optional method of using the graphical user interface (GUI) R package tcltk to ensure that it is user friendly.
Estimates optimal number of biomarkers for two-group
        classification based on microarray data
Cluster analysis using statistical and biological
	validation measures for both continuous and count data.
Compute optimal experimental designs
    that measure the slope divided by the intercept.
Tools to assist in safely applying user generated objective and 
   derivative function to optimization programs. These are primarily function 
   minimization methods with at most bounds and masks on the parameters.
   Provides a way to check the basic computation of objective functions that 
   the user provides, along with proposed gradient and Hessian functions, 
   as well as to wrap such functions to avoid failures when inadmissible parameters 
   are provided. Check bounds and masks. Check scaling or optimality conditions. 
   Perform an axial search to seek lower points on the objective function surface. 
   Includes forward, central and backward gradient approximation codes.
Functions to find near-optimal multi-stage designs for continuous outcomes.
Estimation of value and hedging strategy of call and put options, based on optimal hedging and Monte Carlo method, from Chapter 3 of 'Statistical Methods for Financial Engineering', by Bruno Remillard, CRC Press, (2013).
Likelihood based optimal partitioning and indicator
  species analysis. Finding the best binary partition for each species
  based on model selection, with the possibility to take into account
  modifying/confounding variables as described
  in Kemencei et al. (2014) <doi:10.1556/ComEc.15.2014.2.6>.
  The package implements binary and multi-level response models,
  various measures of uncertainty, Lorenz-curve based thresholding,
  with native support for parallel computations.
A single function 'options.ifunset(...)' is contained herewith, which allows the user to set a global option ONLY if it is not already set. By this token, for package maintainers this function can be used in preference to the standard 'options(...)' function, making provision for THEIR end user to place 'options(...)' directives within their '.Rprofile' file, which will not be overridden at the point when a package is loaded.
Parse options from the command-line using a simple, clean syntax. 
    It requires little or no specification and supports short and long options,
    GNU-, Java- or Microsoft- style syntaxes, verb commands and more.
A set of standard benchmark optimization functions for R and
    a common interface to sample them.
This package enables users to compute one or more optimal cutpoints for diagnostic tests or continuous markers. Various approaches for selecting optimal cutoffs have been implemented, including methods based on cost-benefit analysis and diagnostic test accuracy measures (Sensitivity/Specificity, Predictive Values and Diagnostic Likelihood Ratios). Numerical and graphical output for all methods is easily obtained.
Algorithms for D-, A- and IV-optimal designs of experiments. Some of the functions in this package require the 'gurobi' software and its accompanying R package. For their installation, please follow the instructions at <www.gurobi.com> and the file gurobi_inst.txt, respectively.
Identify the optimal timing for new treatment initiation during multiple state disease transition, including  multistate model fitting, simulation of mean residual lifetime for a given transition state, and estimation of confidence interval. The method is referred to de Wreede, L., Fiocco, M., & Putter, H. (2011) <doi:10.18637/jss.v038.i07>.
Computes confidence regions on the location of
    response surface optima.
Provides a set of commands to manage an abstract
        optimization method. The goal is to provide a building block
        for a large class of specialized optimization methods. This
        package manages: the number of variables, the minimum and
        maximum bounds, the number of non linear inequality
        constraints, the cost function, the logging system, various
        termination criteria, etc...
Patterns searching and binary classification in economic and financial data is a
              large field of research. There are a large part of the data
              that the target variable is binary. Nowadays, many methodologies
              are used, this package collects most popular and compare different
              configuration options for Linear Models (LM), Generalized Linear Models (GLM), 
              Linear Mixed Models (LMM), Discriminant Analysis (DA), 
              Classification And Regression Trees (CART), Neural Networks (NN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM).
Flexible optimizer with numerous input specifications for detailed parameterisation. Designed for complex loss functions with state and parameter space constraints. Visualization tools for validation and analysis of the convergence are included.
Provides parallel versions of the gradient-based optim() methods. The main function of the package is optimParallel(), which has the same usage and output as optim(). Using optimParallel() can significantly reduce the optimization time.
Provides a test of replacement and extension of the optim()
    function to unify and streamline optimization capabilities in R
    for smooth, possibly box constrained functions of several or
    many parameters. This version has a reduced set of methods and is
    intended to be on CRAN.
Provides a building block for optimization algorithms
        based on a simplex. The 'optimsimplex' package may be used in the
        following optimization methods: the simplex method of Spendley
        et al. (1962) <doi:10.1080/00401706.1962.10490033>, the method of 
        Nelder and Mead (1965) <doi:10.1093/comjnl/7.4.308>, Box's algorithm for
        constrained optimization (1965) <doi:10.1093/comjnl/8.1.42>, the 
        multi-dimensional search by Torczon (1989) 
        <http://www.cs.wm.edu/~va/research/thesis.pdf>, etc...
Assessment and diagnostics for comparing competing
    clustering solutions, using predictive models. The main intended
    use is for comparing clustering/classification solutions of
    ecological data (e.g. presence/absence, counts, ordinal scores) to
    1) find an optimal partitioning solution, 2) identify
    characteristic species and 3) refine a classification by merging
    clusters that increase predictive performance. However, in a more
    general sense, this package can do the above for any set of
    clustering solutions for i observations of j variables.
Provides a replacement and extension of the optim()
    function to unify and streamline optimization capabilities in R
    for smooth, possibly box constrained functions of several or
    many parameters. This is the CRAN version of the package.
Optimal two and three stage designs monitoring
        time-to-event endpoints at a specified timepoint
Introduces some() and none, as well as match_with() from functional languages.
Efficient Monte Carlo Algorithms for the price and the sensitivities of Asian and European Options under Geometric Brownian Motion.
This fills the gaps credit analysts and loan modellers at
    Optimum Credit identify in the existing R code body.
    It allows for the production of documentation with less coding,
    replicates a number of Microsoft Excel functions useful for
    modelling loans (without rounding), and other helpful functions
    for producing charts and tables.  It also has some additional scales for
    use, including a GBP scale.
Tools for performing an optimal scaling transformation on a data
    vector
A framework for the optimization of breeding programs via optimum contribution selection and mate allocation. An easy to use set of function for computation of optimum contributions of selection candidates, and of the population genetic parameters to be optimized. These parameters can be estimated using pedigree or genotype information, and include kinships, kinships at native haplotype segments, and breed composition of crossbred individuals. They are suitable for managing genetic diversity, removing introgressed genetic material, and accelerating genetic gain. Additionally, functions are provided for computing genetic contributions from ancestors, inbreeding coefficients, the native effective size, the native genome equivalent, pedigree completeness, and for preparing and plotting pedigrees.
Code for optimal mixture weights in importance sampling. Workhorse
    functions penoptpersp() and penoptpersp.alpha.only() minimize estimated
    variances with and without control variates respectively. It can be used in
    adaptive mixture importance sampling, for example, function batch.estimation() does
    two stages, a pilot estimate of mixing alpha and a following importance
    sampling.
Solver for linear, quadratic, and rational programs with linear, quadratic, and rational constraints. A unified interface to different R packages is provided. Optimization problems are transformed into equivalent formulations and solved by the respective package. For example, quadratic programming problems with linear, quadratic and rational constraints can be solved by augmented Lagrangian minimization using package 'alabama', or by sequential quadratic programming using solver 'slsqp'.  Alternatively, they can be reformulated as optimization problems with second order cone constraints and solved with package 'cccp', or transformed into semidefinite programming problems and solved using solver 'csdp'.
Distance based bipartite matching using the RELAX-IV minimum cost flow solver,
    oriented to matching of treatment and control groups in observational
    studies. Routines are provided to generate distances from generalised linear models (propensity
    score matching), formulas giving variables on which to limit matched distances, stratified or
    exact matching directives, or calipers, alone or in combination.
A command line parser inspired by Python's 'optparse' library to
    be used with Rscript to write "#!" shebang scripts that accept short and
    long flag/options.
Contains a set of algorithms for creating
        partitions and coverings of objects largely based on operations
        on (dis)similarity relations (or matrices). There are several
        iterative re-assignment algorithms optimizing different
        goodness-of-clustering criteria.  In addition, there are
        covering algorithms 'clique' which derives maximal cliques, and
        'maxpact' which creates a covering of maximally compact sets.
        Graphical analyses and conversion routines are also included.
Solves linear systems of form Ax=b via Gauss elimination, 
  LU decomposition, Gauss-Seidel, Conjugate Gradient Method (CGM) and Cholesky methods.
Computes A-, MV-, D- and E-optimal or near-optimal row-column designs for two-colour cDNA microarray experiments using the linear fixed effects and mixed effects models where the interest is in a comparison of all pairwise treatment contrasts. The algorithms used in this package are based on the array exchange and treatment exchange algorithms adopted from Debusho, Gemechu and Haines (2016, unpublished) algorithms after adjusting for the row-column designs setup. The package also provides an optional method of using the graphical user interface (GUI) R package tcltk to ensure that it is user friendly.
Optimized inference in regression discontinuity designs, as proposed by Imbens and Wager (2017) <arXiv:1705.01677>.
Finds optimal trees in weighted graphs. In
    particular, this package provides solving tools for minimum cost spanning
    tree problems, minimum cost arborescence problems, shortest path tree
    problems and minimum cut tree problem.
Calculates the optimal level of significance based on a decision-theoretic approach. 
	The optimal level is chosen so that the expected loss from hypothesis testing is minimized. 
	A range of statistical tests are covered, including the test for the population mean, population proportion, and a linear restriction in a multiple regression model. 
        The details are covered in Kim, Jae H. and Choi, In, Choosing the Level of Significance: A Decision-Theoretic Approach (December 18, 2017), available at SSRN: <https://ssrn.com/abstract=2652773> or <doi:10.2139/ssrn.2652773>.
        See also Kim and Ji (2015) <doi:10.1016/j.jempfin.2015.08.006>.
Provides a simple R interface to the OPUS Miner algorithm (implemented in C++) for finding the top-k productive, non-redundant itemsets from transaction data.  The OPUS Miner algorithm uses the OPUS search algorithm to efficiently discover the key associations in transaction data, in the form of self-sufficient itemsets, using either leverage or lift.  See <http://i.giwebb.com/index.php/research/association-discovery/> for more information in relation to the OPUS Miner algorithm.
Functions for computing the Value-at-Risk in compound Poisson models. 
	The implementation comprises functions for modeling loss frequencies and loss severities with plain, mixed (Frigessi et al. (2012) <doi:10.1023/A:1024072610684>) or spliced distributions using Maximum Likelihood estimation and Bayesian approaches (Ergashev et al. (2013) <doi:10.21314/JOP.2013.131>). 
	In particular, the parametrization of tail distributions includes the fitting of Tukey-type distributions (Kuo and Headrick (2014) <doi:10.1155/2014/645823>). Furthermore, the package contains the modeling of bivariate dependencies between loss severities and frequencies, Monte Carlo simulation for total loss estimation as well as a closed-form approximation based on Degen (2010) <doi:10.21314/JOP.2010.084> to determine the value-at-risk.
Easy-to-use functions to explore Oracle databases and import data
  into R. User interface for the ROracle package.
Implements orbit counting using a fast combinatorial approach.
	Counts orbits of nodes and edges from edge matrix or data frame, or a
	graph object from the graph package.
Computes various confidence intervals for the odds ratio of two independent binomial proportions.
Functions to perform subspace clustering and classification.
Provides clustering of genes with similar 
  dose response (or time course) profiles. It implements the method 
  described by Lin et al. (2012).
Solve first order autocorrelation problems using an iterative method. This procedure estimates both autocorrelation and beta coefficients recursively until we reach the convergence (8th decimal as default). The residuals are computed after estimating Beta using EGLS approach and Rho is estimated using the previous residuals.
This package extends the Bradley-Terry-Luce model for fitting pair
    comparison models with an ordinal response. It is also possible to
    incorporate an order effect, or, equivalently, an effect for the home
    advantage.
Provides the setup and calculations needed
        to run a likelihood-based continual reassessment method (CRM)
        dose finding trial and performs simulations to assess design
        performance under various scenarios. 3 dose finding designs
        are included in this package: ordinal proportional odds model
        (POM) CRM, ordinal continuation ratio (CR) model CRM, and the
        binary 2-parameter logistic model CRM.
        These functions allow customization of design characteristics
        to vary sample size, cohort sizes, target dose-limiting
        toxicity (DLT) rates, discrete or continuous dose levels,
        combining ordinal grades 0 and 1 into one category, and
        incorporate safety and/or stopping rules.
        For POM and CR model designs, ordinal toxicity grades are
        specified by common terminology criteria for adverse events
        (CTCAE) version 4.0.
        Function 'pseudodata' creates the necessary starting models
        for these 3 designs, and function 'nextdose' estimates the
        next dose to test in a cohort of patients for a target DLT
        rate.
        We also provide the function 'crmsimulations' to assess the
        performance of these 3 dose finding designs under various
        scenarios.
Estimate location-shift models or rating-scale models accounting for response styles (RSRS) for the regression analysis of ordinal responses.
Computes ordinal, statistics and effect sizes as an
        alternative to mean comparison: Cliff's delta or success rate
        difference (SRD), Vargha and Delaney's A or the Area Under a
        Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC), the discrete
        type of McGraw & Wong's Common Language Effect Size (CLES) or
        Grissom & Kim's Probability of Superiority (PS), and the Number
        needed to treat (NNT) effect size. Moreover, comparisons to
        Cohen's d are offered based on Huberty & Lowman's Percentage of
        Group (Non-)Overlap considerations.
This package uses B-spline based nonparametric smooth
        estimators to estimate parent distributions given observations
        on multiple order statistics.
Functions for visualizing and retrieving data for the
        state of an orderbook at a particular period in time.
Ordered lasso and time-lag sparse regression. Ordered Lasso fits a
    linear model and imposes an order constraint on the coefficients. It writes
    the coefficients as positive and negative parts, and requires positive
    parts and negative parts are non-increasing and positive. Time-Lag Lasso
    generalizes the ordered Lasso to a general data matrix with multiple
    predictors. For more details, see Suo, X.,Tibshirani, R., (2014) 'An
    Ordered Lasso and Sparse Time-lagged Regression'.
All the methods in this package generate a vector of uniform order statistics using a beta distribution and use an inverse cumulative distribution function for some distribution to give a vector of random order statistic variables for some distribution. This is much more efficient than using a loop since it is directly sampling from the order statistic distribution.
In biomedical studies, researchers are often interested in assessing the association between one or more ordinal explanatory variables and an outcome variable, at the same time adjusting for covariates of any type. The outcome variable may be continuous, binary, or represent censored survival times. In the absence of a precise knowledge of the response function, using monotonicity constraints on the ordinal variables improves efficiency in estimating parameters, especially when sample sizes are small. This package implements an active set algorithm that efficiently computes such estimators.
Calculates ordinated diet breadth with some plotting functions.
Implementation of cumulative link (mixed) models also known
    as ordered regression models, proportional odds models, proportional
    hazards models for grouped survival times and ordered logit/probit/...
    models. Estimation is via maximum likelihood and mixed models are fitted
    with the Laplace approximation and adaptive Gauss-Hermite quadrature.
    Multiple random effect terms are allowed and they may be nested, crossed or
    partially nested/crossed. Restrictions of symmetry and equidistance can be
    imposed on the thresholds (cut-points/intercepts). Standard model
    methods are available (summary, anova, drop-methods, step,
    confint, predict etc.) in addition to profile methods and slice
    methods for visualizing the likelihood function and checking
    convergence.
Ordinal data classification, clustering and co-clustering using model-based approach with the Bos distribution for ordinal data (Christophe Biernacki and Julien Jacques (2016) <doi:10.1007/s11222-015-9585-2>).
A regression framework for response variables which are continuous
    self-rating scales such as the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) used in pain
    assessment, or the Linear Analog Self-Assessment (LASA) scales in quality
    of life studies. These scales measure subjects' perception of an intangible
    quantity, and cannot be handled as ratio variables because of their inherent
    non-linearity. We treat them as ordinal variables, measured on a continuous
    scale. A function (the g function) connects the scale with an underlying
    continuous latent variable. The link function is the inverse of the CDF of the
    assumed underlying distribution of the latent variable. Currently the logit
    link, which corresponds to a standard logistic distribution, is implemented.
The ordinal forest (OF) method allows ordinal regression with high-dimensional
  and low-dimensional data. After having constructed an OF prediction rule using a training dataset, 
  it can be used to predict the values of the ordinal target variable for new observations.
  Moreover, by means of the (permutation-based) variable importance measure of OF, it is also
  possible to rank the covariates with respect to their importances in the prediction of the 
  values of the ordinal target variable.
  OF is presented in Hornung (2017).
  The main functions of the package are: ordfor() (construction of OF) and predict.ordfor() 
  (prediction of the target variable values of new observations).
  References:
  Hornung R. (2017) Ordinal Forests. Tech. Rep. 212, Department of Statistics, 
  University of Munich.
Analysis of a matrix of polytomous items using Ordinal Logistic Biplots (OLB)
  The OLB procedure extends the binary logistic biplot to ordinal (polytomous) data. 
  The  individuals are represented as points on a plane and the variables are represented 
  as lines rather than vectors as in a classical or binary biplot, specifying the points
  for each of the categories of the variable. 
  The set of prediction regions is established by stripes perpendicular to the line 
  between the category points, in such a way that the prediction for each individual is given
  by its projection into the line of the variable.
Fits ordinal regression models with elastic net penalty.
    Supported model families include cumulative probability, stopping ratio, 
    continuation ratio, and adjacent category. These families are a subset of 
    vector glm's which belong to a model class we call the elementwise link 
    multinomial-ordinal (ELMO) class. Each family in this class links a vector 
    of covariates to a vector of class probabilities. Each of these families 
    has a parallel form, which is appropriate for ordinal response data, as 
    well as a nonparallel form that is appropriate for an unordered categorical
    response, or as a more flexible model for ordinal data. The parallel model
    has a single set of coefficients, whereas the nonparallel model has a set of
    coefficients for each response category except the baseline category. It is 
    also possible to fit a model with both parallel and nonparallel terms, which 
    we call the semi-parallel model. The semi-parallel model has the flexibility 
    of the nonparallel model, but the elastic net penalty shrinks it toward the 
    parallel model. For details, refer to Wurm, Hanlon, and Rathouz (2017) 
    <arXiv:1706.05003>.
Implements Bayesian data analyses of balanced repeatability and reproducibility studies with ordinal measurements. Model fitting is based on MCMC posterior sampling with 'rjags'. Function ordinalRR() directly carries out the model fitting, and this function has the flexibility to allow the user to specify key aspects of the model, e.g., fixed versus random effects. Functions for preprocessing data and for the numerical and graphical display of a fitted model are also provided. There are also functions for displaying the model at fixed (user-specified) parameters and for simulating a hypothetical data set at a fixed (user-specified) set of parameters for a random-effects rater population. For additional technical details, refer to Culp, Ryan, Chen, and Hamada (2018) and cite this Technometrics paper when referencing any aspect of this work. The demo of this package reproduces results from the Technometrics paper.
Method for develops a classification model for ordinal responses based on logic regression.
We consider the problem of estimating two isotonic regression curves g1* and g2* under the constraint that they are ordered, i.e. g1* <= g2*. Given two sets of n data points y_1, ..., y_n and z_1, ..., z_n that are observed at (the same) deterministic design points x_1, ..., x_n, the estimates are obtained by minimizing the Least Squares criterion L(a, b) = sum_{i=1}^n (y_i - a_i)^2 w1(x_i) + sum_{i=1}^n (z_i - b_i)^2 w2(x_i) over the class of pairs of vectors (a, b) such that a and b are isotonic and a_i <= b_i for all i = 1, ..., n. We offer two different approaches to compute the estimates: a projected subgradient algorithm where the projection is calculated using a PAVA as well as Dykstra's cyclical projection algorithm.
Implementation of a procedure for generating samples from a mixed distribution of ordinal and normal random variables with pre-specified correlation matrix and marginal distributions.
Selection and/or smoothing of ordinally scaled independent variables using a group lasso or generalized ridge penalty.
Provides an alternative to R's built-in functionality for handling
    regular expressions, based on the Onigmo library. Offers first-class
    compiled regex objects, partial matching and function-based substitutions,
    amongst other features.
A connector to ORES (<http://ores.wmflabs.org/>), an AI project to provide edit scoring for content
             on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects. This lets a researcher identify
             if edits are likely to be reverted, damaging, or made in good faith.
Organic/biological mass spectrometry data analysis.
Provides functionality to process text files created by Emacs' Org mode, and decompose the content to the smallest components (headlines, body, tag, clock entries etc).  Emacs is an extensible, customizable text editor and Org mode is for keeping notes, maintaining TODO lists, planning projects.  Allows users to analyze org files as data frames in R, e.g., to convieniently group tasks by tag into project and calculate total working hours.  Also provides some help functions like search.parent, gg.pie (visualise working hours in ggplot2) and tree.headlines (visualise headline stricture in tree format) to help user managing their complex org files.
Helper functions for Org files (<http://orgmode.org/>):
  a generic function 'toOrg' for transforming R objects into Org
  markup (most useful for data frames; there are also methods for
  Dates/POSIXt) and a function to read Org tables into data frames.
ORIClust is a user-friendly R-based software package for
        gene clustering. Clusters are given by genes matched to
        prespecified profiles across various ordered treatment groups.
        It is particularly useful for analyzing data obtained from
        short time-course or dose-response microarray experiments.
Representations, conversions and display of orientation
        SO(3) data.  See the orientlib help topic for details.
Provides a general framework for the application of
    cross-validation schemes to particular functions. By allowing arbitrary
    lists of results, origami accommodates a range of cross-validation
    applications.
Used primarily for estimates of allele frequency surfaces from point estimates.  
    It can also place individuals of unknown origin back onto the geographic map with great accuracy.  
    Additionally, it can place admixed individuals by estimating contributing fractions at each
    location on a map. Lastly, it can rank SNPs by their ability to differentiate populations.  
    See "Fast Spatial Ancestry via Flexible Allele Frequency Surfaces" (John Michael Ranola, John
    Novembre, Kenneth Lange) in Bioinformatics 2014 for more info.
Get species origin data (whether species is native/invasive) from the
    following sources on the web: Encyclopedia of Life (<http://eol.org>), Flora
    'Europaea' (<http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/FE/fe.html>), Global Invasive Species
    Database (<http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd>), the Native Species Resolver
    (<http://bien.nceas.ucsb.edu/bien/tools/nsr/nsr-ws/>), Integrated Taxonomic
    Information Service (<http://www.itis.gov/>), and Global Register of
    Introduced and Invasive Species (<http://www.griis.org/>).
Objects and methods to handle and solve the min-sum location problem, also known as Fermat-Weber problem. The min-sum location problem search for a point such that the weighted sum of the distances to the demand points are minimized. See "The Fermat-Weber location problem revisited" by Brimberg, Mathematical Programming, 1, pg. 71-76, 1995. <DOI:10.1007/BF01592245>.
    General global optimization algorithms are used to solve the problem, along with the adhoc Weiszfeld method, see "Sur le point pour lequel la Somme des distances de n points donnes est minimum", by Weiszfeld, Tohoku Mathematical Journal, First Series, 43, pg. 355-386, 1937.
Help and demo in Spanish of the orloca package. (Ayuda y demo en espanol del paquete orloca.) Objetos y metodos para manejar y resolver el problema de localizacion de suma minima, tambien conocido como problema de Fermat-Weber. El problema de localizacion de suma minima busca un punto tal que la suma ponderada de las distancias a los puntos de demanda se minimice. Vease "The Fermat-Weber location problem revisited" por Brimberg, Mathematical Programming, 1, pag. 71-76, 1995. <DOI: 10.1007/BF01592245>. Los algoritmos generales de optimizacion global se usan para resolver el problema, junto con el metodo adhoc Weiszfeld, ver "Sur le point pour lequel la Somme des distance de n points donnes est minimum", por Weiszfeld, Tohoku Mathematical Journal, First Series, 43, pag. . 355-386, 1937.
Odds ratio based multifactor-dimensionality reduction
        method for detecting gene-gene interactions
Data input/output functions for data that conform to the 
  Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard, part
  of the Rigorous Analytics bundle.
Functions for the input/output and visualization of
    medical imaging data that follow either the ANALYZE, NIfTI or AFNI
    formats.  This package is part of the Rigorous Analytics bundle.
Image analysis techniques for positron emission tomography
    (PET) that form part of the Rigorous Analytics bundle.
Assess repeatability, accuracy and corss-platform
        agreement of titration microarray data based on order
        restricted inference procedures
A data set package with the "Orsi" fronts as a
    'SpatialLinesDataFrame' object. The Orsi et al. (1995) fronts are published at
    the Southern Ocean Atlas Database Page, please see package CITATION for details.
Convert odds ratio to relative risk in cohort studies with partial data information.
Utilize an orthogonality constrained optimization algorithm of Wen & Yin (2013) <DOI:10.1007/s10107-012-0584-1> to solve a variety of dimension reduction problems in the semiparametric framework, such as Ma & Zhu (2012) <DOI:10.1080/01621459.2011.646925>, Ma & Zhu (2013) <DOI:10.1214/12-AOS1072>, and Sun, Zhu, Wang & Zeng (2017) <arXiv:1704.05046>. It also serves as a general purpose optimization solver for problems with orthogonality constraints. Parallel computing is enabled through `OpenMP'.
Represents the basis functions for B-splines in a simple matrix
    formulation that facilitates, taking integrals, derivatives, and
    making orthogonal the basis functions.
Implements the orthogonal reparameterization
    approach recommended by Lancaster (2002) to estimate dynamic panel
    models with fixed effects (and optionally: panel specific
    intercepts). The approach uses a likelihood-based estimator and
    produces estimates that are asymptotically unbiased as N goes to
    infinity, with a T as low as 2.
A collection of functions to construct sets of orthogonal
        polynomials and their recurrence relations. Additional
        functions are provided to calculate the derivative, integral,
        value and roots of lists of polynomial objects.
Allows distance based spatial clustering of georeferenced data by implementing the City Clustering Algorithm - CCA. Multiple versions allow clustering for matrix, raster and single coordinates on a plain (euclidean distance) or on a sphere (great-circle or orthodromic distance).
The supplied code allows for the generation of discrete time series of oscillating species. General shapes can be selected by means of individual functions, which are widely customizable by means of function arguments. All code was developed in the Biological Information Processing Group at the BioQuant Center at Heidelberg University, Germany.
Functions for implementing different versions of the OSCV method in the kernel regression and density estimation frameworks. The package mainly supports the following articles: (1) Savchuk, O.Y., Hart, J.D. (2017). Fully robust one-sided cross-validation for regression functions. Computational Statistics, <doi:10.1007/s00180-017-0713-7> and (2) Savchuk, O.Y. (2017). One-sided cross-validation for nonsmooth density functions, <arXiv:1703.05157>.
Compound deconvolution for chromatographic data, including gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and comprehensive gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS). The package includes functions to perform independent component analysis - orthogonal signal deconvolution (ICA-OSD), independent component regression (ICR), multivariate curve resolution (MCR-ALS) and orthogonal signal deconvolution (OSD) alone.
The osDesign serves for planning an observational study. Currently, functionality is focused on the two-phase and case-control designs. Functions in this packages provides Monte Carlo based evaluation of operating characteristics such as powers for estimators of the components of a logistic regression model.
Expands quoted language by recursively replacing any symbol that
    points to quoted language with the language it points to.  The recursive
    process continues until only symbols that point to non-language objects
    remain.  The resulting quoted language can then be evaluated normally.  This
    differs from the traditional 'quote'/'eval' pattern because it resolves
    intermediate language objects that would interfere with evaluation.
A connector to the API maintained by the Open Source Initiative <https://api.opensource.org/licenses/>, which
             provides machine-readable metadata about a variety of open source software licenses.
This package provides infrastructure to access
    OpenStreetMap data from different sources, to work with the data
    in common R manner, and to convert data into available
    infrastructure provided by existing R packages (e.g., into sp and
    igraph objects).
Download and import of 'OpenStreetMap' ('OSM') data as 'sf' or 'sp'
    objects.  'OSM' data are extracted from the 'Overpass' web server and
    processed with very fast 'C++' routines for return to 'R'.
The multispecies and individual-based model (IBM) 'OSMOSE'
  (Shin and Curry (2001) <doi:10.1016/S0990-7440(01)01106-8> and Shin and Curry (2004) <doi:10.1139/f03-154>)
  focuses on fish species. This model assumes opportunistic predation based on spatial co-occurrence and size
  adequacy between a predator and its prey (size-based opportunistic predation). It
  represents fish individuals grouped into schools, which are characterized by their
  size, weight, age, taxonomy and geographical location (2D model), and which undergo
  major processes of fish life cycle (growth, explicit predation, natural and starvation
  mortalities, reproduction and migration) and fishing exploitation. The model needs
  basic biological parameters that are often available for a wide range of species, and
  which can be found in 'FishBase' for instance (see <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>), and fish spatial distribution data. This
  package provides tools to build and run simulations using the 'OSMOSE' model.
Bespoke images of 'OpenStreetMap' ('OSM') data and data
    visualisation using 'OSM' objects.
Functionality to handle and project lat-long coordinates, easily download background maps
    and add a correct scale bar to 'OpenStreetMap' plots in any map projection.
An interface between R and the OSRM API. OSRM is a routing
    service based on OpenStreetMap data. See <http://project-osrm.org/> for more
    information. This package allows to compute distances (travel time and 
    kilometric distance) between points and travel time matrices.
Wrapper around the 'Open Source Routing Machine (OSRM)'
        API <http://project-osrm.org/>. 'osrmr' works with API versions
        4 and 5 and can handle servers that run locally as well as the
        'OSRM' webserver.
Oversampling of imbalanced univariate time series classification data 
    using integrated ESPO and ADASYN methods. Enhanced Structure Preserving Oversampling 
    (ESPO) is used to generate a large percentage of the synthetic minority samples 
    from univariate labeled time series under the modeling assumption that the predictors 
    are Gaussian. ESPO estimates the covariance structure of the minority-class samples 
    and applies a spectral filer to reduce noise. Adaptive Synthetic (ADASYN) sampling 
    approach is a nearest neighbor interpolation approach which is subsequently applied 
    to the ESPO samples. This code is ported from a 'MATLAB' implementation by Cao et al. 
    <doi:10.1109/TKDE.2013.37> and adapted for use with Recurrent Neural Networks 
    implemented in 'TensorFlow'.
Functions for creating ensembles of optimal trees for regression, classification and class membership probability estimation are given. A few trees are selected from an initial set of trees grown by random forest for the ensemble on the basis of their individual and collective performance. Trees are assessed on out-of-bag data and on an independent training data set for individual and collective performance respectively. The prediction functions return estimates of the test responses and their class membership probabilities. Unexplained variations, error rates, confusion matrix, Brier scores, etc. are also returned for the test data.
Sample from the limiting distributions of empirical Wasserstein
    distances under the null hypothesis and under the alternative. Perform a 
    two-sample test on multivariate data using these limiting distributions and 
    binning.
Performs robust cluster analysis allowing for outliers and noise that cannot be fitted by any cluster. The data are modelled by a mixture of Gaussian distributions and a noise component, which is an improper uniform  distribution covering the whole Euclidean space. Parameters are estimated by  (pseudo) maximum likelihood. This is fitted by a EM-type algorithm. See Coretto and Hennig (2016) <doi:10.1080/01621459.2015.1100996>, and Coretto and Hennig (2017) <arXiv:1309.6895>.
A penalized regression framework that can simultaneously estimate the optimal treatment strategy and identify important variables. Appropriate for either censored or uncensored continuous response.
Analyses of OTU tables produced by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, as well as example data. It contains the data and scripts used in the paper Linz, et al. (2017) "Bacterial community composition and dynamics spanning five years in freshwater bog lakes," <doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00169-17>.
Enables automated visualization of variable 
    distribution and changes over time for predictive model building.
    Computes summary statistics aggregated by time for 
    large datasets, and creates plots for variable level monitoring.
Fit and compare Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models for evolution along a phylogenetic tree.
Bayesian reconstruction of disease outbreaks using epidemiological
    and genetic information.
Bayesian reconstruction of disease outbreaks using epidemiological
    and genetic information. Jombart T, Cori A, Didelot X, Cauchemez S, Fraser
    C and Ferguson N. 2014. <doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003457>.
Empirical or simulated disease outbreak data, provided either as
    RData or as text files.
Implements basic tools for storing, handling and visualizing disease outbreak data, as well as simple analysis tools. OutbreakTools defines the new formal class obkData which can be used to store any case-base outbreak data, and provides summaries for these objects, alongside a range of functions for subsetting and data manipulation. It implements a range of graphics for visualising timelines, maps, contact networks and genetic analyses. It also includes a simple case-base outbreak simulation tool.
This package provides three algorithms to detect outlying observations for censored survival data.
Detecting outlying values such as genes, peptides or samples for multi-replicated high-throughput high-dimensional data
A collection of some tests commonly used for identifying
        outliers.
Potential outliers are identified for all combinations of a dataset's variables. The available methods are HDoutliers() from the package 'HDoutliers', FastPCS() from the package 'FastPCS', mvBACON() from 'robustX', adjOutlyingness() from 'robustbase', DectectDeviatingCells() from 'cellWise', covMcd() from 'robustbase'.
Functions to process ''outranking'' ELECTRE methods existing in the literature. See, e.g.,
			 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELECTRE> about the outranking approach and the foundations of ELECTRE methods.
Create regression tables for publication.
    Currently supports 'lm', 'glm', 'survreg', and 'ivreg' outputs.
Calculates and compares rate differences of continuous character evolution under Brownian motion and a new set of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck-based Hansen models that allow the strength of selection and stochastic motion to vary across selective regimes.
Provides functions to fit kernel density functions to
 data on temporal activity patterns of animals; estimate coefficients
 of overlapping of densities for two species; and calculate bootstrap
 estimates of confidence intervals.
Functions for estimating the overlapping area of two or more empirical distributions.
Tests the observed overlapping polygon area in a collection of polygons against a null model of random rotation, as explained in De la Cruz et al. (2017) <doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.12825.72801>.
Accesses OpenWeatherMap's (owm) <https://openweathermap.org/> API.
   'owm' itself is a service providing weather data in the past, in the future and now.
   Furthermore, 'owm' serves weather map layers usable in frameworks like 'leaflet'.
   In order to access the API, you need to sign up for an API key. There are free and paid plans.
   Beside functions for fetching weather data from 'owm', 'owmr' supplies
   tools to tidy up fetched data (for fast and simple access) and to show it on leaflet maps.
A set of tools that enables using 'OxCal' from within R. 'OxCal' (<https://c14.arch.ox.ac.uk/oxcal.html>) is a standard archaeological tool intended to provide 14C calibration and analysis of archaeological and environmental chronological information. 'OxcAAR' allows simple calibration with 'Oxcal' and plotting of the results as well as the execution of sophisticated ('OxCal') code and the import of the results of bulk analysis and complex Bayesian sequential calibration.
Tools for oxycline depth calculation from echogram matrices.
Provides utilities for processing of Oxy-Bisulfite microarray data 
  (e.g. via the Illumina Infinium platform, <http://www.illumina.com>) 
  with tandem arrays, one using conventional
  bisulfite conversion, the other using oxy-bisulfite conversion.
Functions for plotting Australia's coastline and state
  boundaries.
Conducts posterior predictive checks of coalescent models using gene and species trees generated by 'BEAST' or '*BEAST'. The functionality of P2C2M can be extended via two third-party R packages that are available from the author websites: 'genealogicalSorting' and 'phybase'. To use these optional packages, the installation of the Python libraries 'NumPy' (>= 1.9.0) and 'DendroPy' (= 3.12.0) is required.
The welfare's synthetic indicator provides an ideal tool
        for measuring multi-dimensional concepts such as welfare,
        development, living standards, etc. It enables information from
        the various indicators to be aggregated into a single synthetic
        measure.
Analyzing survival data from illness-death model
A package that provides tools for conducting performance attribution for equity portfolios. The package uses two methods: the Brinson method and a regression-based analysis.
Pabon Lasso is a graphical method for monitoring the efficiency of different wards of a hospital or different hospitals.Pabon Lasso graph is divided into 4 parts which are created after drawing the average of BTR and BOR. The part in the left-down side is Zone I, left-up side is Zone II, Right-up side part is Zone III and the last part is Zone IV.
Implements partition-assisted clustering and multiple alignments of networks. It 1) utilizes partition-assisted clustering to find robust and accurate clusters and 2) discovers coherent relationships of clusters across multiple samples. It is particularly useful for analyzing single-cell data set. Please see Li et al. (2017) <doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005875> for detail method description.
A function for clustering online datasets. The number
    of cells is data-driven which need not to be chosen in advance by the user.
    The method is introduced and fully described in Le Li, Benjamin Guedj and Sebastien Loustau (2016), "PAC-Bayesian Online Clustering" (arXiv preprint: <https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.00522>).
This package is intended to perform estimation and
        prediction in high-dimensional additive models, using a sparse
        PAC-Bayesian point of view and a MCMC algorithm. The method is
        fully described in Guedj and Alquier (2013), 'PAC-Bayesian
        Estimation and Prediction in Sparse Additive Models',
        Electronic Journal of Statistics, 7, 264--291.
Functions to easily convert data to binary formats other programs/machines can understand.
Build a package documentation and function reference site and use it as the package vignette.
Allows to get and cache R package download log files
  from RStudio's CRAN mirror for analyzing package usage.
This package comes to illustrate the book "Petit Manuel de
        Programmation Orientee Objet sous R"
Various useful functions for statisticians: describe data, plot Kaplan-Meier curves with numbers of subjects at risk, compare data sets, display spaghetti-plot, build multi-contingency tables...
Manage the R packages your project depends
    on in an isolated, portable, and reproducible way.
Illustration of the book "Petit Manuel de Programmation Orientee Objet sous R". The english version "A (Not so) Short Introduction to S4" is on CRAN, 'Contributed documentation'.
Tools to more conveniently perform tasks associated with
        add-on packages.  pacman conveniently wraps library and package
        related functions and names them in an intuitive and consistent
        fashion.  It seeks to combine functionality from lower level
        functions which can speed up workflow.
Procrustes analyses to infer co-phylogenetic
    matching between pairs of (ultrametric) phylogenetic trees.
Routines for two different test types, the Constant Conditional Correlation (CCC) test and the Vectorial Independence (VI) test are provided (Kurz and Spanhel (2017) <arXiv:1706.02338>). The tests can be applied to check whether a conditional copula coincides with its partial copula. Functions to test whether a regular vine copula satisfies the so-called simplifying assumption or to test a single copula within a regular vine copula to be a (j-1)-th order partial copula are available. The CCC test comes with a decision tree approach to allow testing in high-dimensional settings.
A prediction-based approach to the analysis of data from
    randomized clinical trials is implemented. Based on response and
    covariate data from a randomized clinical trial comparing a new
    experimental treatment E versus a control C, the objective is to
    develop and internally validate a model that can identify subjects
    likely to benefit from E rather than C. Currently,
    survival and binary response types are permitted.
Given a vector of Taylor series coefficients of sufficient length as input, the function returns the numerator and denominator coefficients for the Padé approximant of appropriate order.
Transforms datetime data into a format ready for analysis.
    It offers two core functionalities; aggregating data to a higher level interval
    (thicken) and imputing records where observations were absent (pad).
Calculate unadjusted/adjusted attributable fraction function of a set of covariates for a censored survival outcome from a Cox model using the method proposed by Chen, Lin and Zeng (Biometrika 97, 713-726., 2010).
Provides access to material from the book "Processing and Analyzing Financial Data with R" by Marcelo Perlin (2017) available at <https://sites.google.com/view/pafdr/home>.
Statistical methods for estimating preferential attachment and node fitness generative mechanisms in temporal complex networks are provided. Thong Pham et al. (2015) <10.1371/journal.pone.0137796>. Thong Pham et al.(2016) <doi:10.1038/srep32558>.
A simple way to add page numbers to base/ggplot/lattice graphics.
Pageview data from the 'Wikimedia' sites, such as
    'Wikipedia' <https://www.wikipedia.org/>, from entire projects to per-article
    levels of granularity, through the new RESTful API and data source <https://
    wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/?doc>.
The package can identify the dysregulated KEGG pathways
        based on global influence from the internal effect of pathways
        and crosstalk between pathways. (1) The PAGI package can
        prioritize the pathways associated with two biological states
        by statistical significance or FDR. (2) The PAGI package can
        evaluated the global influence factor (GIF) score in the global
        gene-gene network constructed based on the relationships of
        genes extracted from each pathway in KEGG database and the
        overlapped genes between pathways.
Bayesian hierarchical methods for pathway analysis of genomewide association data: Normal/Bayes factors and Sparse Normal/Adaptive lasso. The Frequentist Fisher's product method is included as well.
Plots matrices of colours as grids of coloured squares - aka heatmaps, 
	guaranteeing legible row and column names, 
	without transformation of values, 
	without re-ordering rows or columns,
	and without dendrograms.
The package contains two functions: paired.Loc and
        paired.Scale. A parametric and nonparametric confidence
        interval can be computed for the ratio of locations
        (paired.Loc) and the ratio of scales (paired.Scale). The
        samples must be paired and expected values must be positive.
Many datasets and a set of graphics (based on ggplot2), statistics, effect sizes and hypothesis tests are provided for analysing paired data with S4 class.
A tool to compare two heatmaps and discover patterns
        within and across groups. In the context of biology, group can
        be defined based on gene ontology.
Creates an interactive scatterplot matrix using the D3 JavaScript library. See <http://d3js.org/> for more information on D3.
Eulerian tours and Hamiltonian decompositions of complete graphs are used to ameliorate order effects in statistical graphics.
Performs the explicit calculation
    -- not estimation! -- of the Rasch item parameters for dichotomous and
    polytomous item responses, using a pairwise comparison approach. Person
    parameters (WLE) are calculated according to Warm's weighted likelihood
    approach.
Calculation of the parametric, nonparametric confidence intervals
 for the difference or ratio of location parameters, nonparametric confidence interval
 for the Behrens-Fisher problem and for the difference, ratio and odds-ratio of binomial
 proportions for comparison of independent samples. Common wrapper functions to split 
 data sets and apply confidence intervals or tests to these subsets.
 A by-statement allows calculation of CI separately for the levels of further factors. 
 CI are not adjusted for multiplicity.
Pairing observations according to a chosen formula and facilitates bilateral analysis of the panel data. Paring is possible for observations, as well as for vectors of observations ordered with respect to time.
Provides data sets and functions for exploration of Pakistan Population Census 2017 (<http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/>).
Provides data set and functions for exploration of Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2014 Child questionnaire data for Punjab, Pakistan (<http://www.mics.unicef.org/surveys>).
Provides data set and function for exploration of Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2014 Household questionnaire data for Punjab, Pakistan (<http://www.mics.unicef.org/surveys>).
Provides data set and function for exploration of Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2014 Household Listing questionnaire data for Punjab, Pakistan (<http://www.mics.unicef.org/surveys>).
Provides data set and function for exploration of Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2014 Women (age 15-49 years) questionnaire data for Punjab, Pakistan (<http://www.mics.unicef.org/surveys>).
Tests if quantitative palaeoenvironmental reconstructions are statistically significant.
Implements sparse regression with paired covariates (Rauschenberger et al. 2018).
Includes 19 functions to wrap each endpoint of
    the PaleobioDB API, plus 8 functions to visualize and process the fossil
    data. The API documentation for the Paleobiology Database can be found in
    <http://paleobiodb.org/data1.1/>.
Tools to extract and analyse charcoal sedimentary data stored in
    the Global Charcoal Database. Main functionalities includes data extraction
    and sites selection, transformation and interpolation of the charcoal
    records as well as compositing.
Transfer functions and statistical operations for
        paleoecology
Fill missing symmetrical data with mirroring, calculate Procrustes alignments with or without scaling, and compute standard or vector correlation and covariance matrices (congruence coefficients) of 3D landmarks. Tolerates missing data for all analyses.
Provides tools for transforming, a posteriori time-scaling, and
    modifying phylogenies containing extinct (i.e. fossil) lineages. In particular,
    most users are interested in the functions timePaleoPhy(), bin_timePaleoPhy(),
    cal3TimePaleoPhy() and bin_cal3TimePaleoPhy(), which a posteriori time-scale cladograms of
    fossil taxa into dated phylogenies. This package also contains a large number
    of likelihood functions for estimating sampling and diversification rates from
    different types of data available from the fossil record (e.g. range data,
    occurrence data, etc). paleotree users can also simulate diversification and
    sampling in the fossil record using the function simFossilRecord(), which is a
    detailed simulator for branching birth-death-sampling processes composed of
    discrete taxonomic units arranged in ancestor-descendant relationships. Users
    can use simFossilRecord() to simulate diversification in incompletely sampled
    fossil records, under various models of morphological differentiation (i.e.
    the various patterns by which morphotaxa originate from one another), and
    with time-dependent, longevity-dependent and/or diversity-dependent rates of
    diversification, extinction and sampling. Additional functions allow users to
    translate simulated ancestor-descendant data from simFossilRecord() into standard
    time-scaled phylogenies or unscaled cladograms that reflect the relationships
    among taxon units.
Facilitates analysis of paleontological sequences of trait values from an evolving lineage.  Functions are provided to fit, using maximum likelihood, evolutionary models including unbiased random walks, directional evolution, stasis, Ornstein-Uhlenbeck, punctuated change, and evolutionary models in which traits track some measured covariate.
Use Pokemon(R) inspired palettes with additional 'ggplot2' scales.
    Palettes are the colours in each Pokemon's sprite, ordered by how common
    they are in the image. The first 386 Pokemon are currently provided.
R package to compute Incoming Solar Radiation (insolation) for palaeoclimate studies. Features three solutions: Berger (1978), Berger and Loutre (1991) and Laskar et al. (2004). Computes daily-mean, season-averaged and annual means for all latitudes.
Functions to fit point process models using the Palm likelihood. First proposed by Tanaka, Ogata, and Stoyan (2008) <DOI:10.1002/bimj.200610339>, maximisation of the Palm likelihood can provide computationally efficient parameter estimation for point process models in situations where the full likelihood is intractable. This package is chiefly focused on Neyman-Scott point processes, but can also fit void processes. The development of this package was motivated by the analysis of capture-recapture surveys on which individuals cannot be identified---the data from which can conceptually be seen as a clustered point process. As such, some of the functions in this package are specifically for the estimation of cetacean density from two-camera aerial surveys.
This is an implementation of model-based trees with global model
  parameters (PALM trees). The PALM tree algorithm is an extension to the MOB
  algorithm (implemented in the 'partykit' package), where some parameters are
  fixed across all groups. Details about the method can be found in Seibold,
  Hothorn, Zeileis (2016) <arXiv:1612.07498>. The package offers coef(),
  logLik(), plot(), and predict() functions for PALM trees.
Colour palettes for data, based on some well known public data
    sets.
A comprehensive collection of color palettes, colormaps, and tools to evaluate them.
Correspondence Analysis of Contingency Tables with Simple
        and Double Structures Superimposed Representations, Intra
        Blocks Correspondence Analysis (IBCA), Weighted Intra Blocks
        Correspondence Analysis (WIBCA).
We propose a pair of summary measures for the predictive power of a prediction
    function based on a regression model. The regression model can be linear
    or nonlinear, parametric, semi-parametric, or nonparametric, and correctly
    specified or mis-specified. The first measure, R-squared, is an extension of
    the classical R-squared statistic for a linear model, quantifying the prediction
    function's ability to capture the variability of the response. The second
    measure, L-squared, quantifies the prediction function's bias for predicting the
    mean regression function. When used together, they give a complete summary of
    the predictive power of a prediction function. Please refer to Gang Li and Xiaoyan Wang (2016) <arXiv:1611.03063> for more details.
Simulation functions to assess or explore the power of a dataset to estimates significant random effects (intercept or slope) in a mixed model. The functions are based on the "lme4" package.
Implements the Panel Data Approach Method for program evaluation as developed in Hsiao, Ching and Ki Wan (2012). pampe estimates the effect of an intervention by comparing the evolution of the outcome for a unit affected by an intervention or treatment to the evolution of the unit had it not been affected by the intervention.
Some functions for sample classification in microarrays
Multiple imputation for multivariate panel or clustered data.
Provides the tools needed to benchmark the R2 value corresponding to a certain acceptable noise level while also providing a rescaling function based on that noise level yielding a new value of R2 we refer to as R2k which is independent of both the number of degrees of freedom and the noise distribution function.
PANDA (Preferential Attachment based common Neighbor Distribution derived Associations) is designed to perform the following tasks in PPI networks: (1) identify significantly functionally associated protein pairs, (2) predict GO terms and KEGG pathways for proteins, (3) make a cluster of proteins based on the significant protein pairs, (4) identify subclusters whose members are enriched in KEGG pathways. For other types of biological networks, (1) and (3) can still be performed.
Contains some functions catching all messages, 'stdout' and other
    useful information while evaluating R code and other helpers to return user
    specified text elements (like: header, paragraph, table, image, lists etc.)
    in 'pandoc' markdown or several type of R objects similarly automatically
    transformed to markdown format. Also capable of exporting/converting (the
    resulting) complex 'pandoc' documents to e.g. HTML, 'PDF', 'docx' or 'odt'. This
    latter reporting feature is supported in brew syntax or with a custom
    reference class with a smarty caching 'backend'.
The document converter 'pandoc' <http://pandoc.org/> is widely used
    in the R community. One feature of 'pandoc' is that it can produce and consume
    JSON-formatted abstract syntax trees (AST). This allows to transform a given
    source document into JSON-formatted AST, alter it by so called filters and pass
    the altered JSON-formatted AST back to 'pandoc'. This package provides functions
    which allow to write such filters in native R code. 
    Although this package is inspired by the Python package 'pandocfilters' 
    <https://github.com/jgm/pandocfilters/>, it provides additional convenience functions which make it simple to use the 'pandocfilters' package as a 
    report generator. Since 'pandocfilters' inherits most of it's functionality
    from 'pandoc' it can create documents in many formats 
    (for more information see <http://pandoc.org/>) but is also bound to the same
    limitations as 'pandoc'.
Aggregate Business Tendency Survey Data (and other qualitative
    surveys) to time series at various aggregation levels. Run aggregation of
    survey data in a speedy, re-traceable and a easily deployable way.
    Aggregation is substantially accelerated by use of data.table.
    This package intends to provide an interface that is less general and abstract than data.table but rather geared towards
    survey researchers.
The package estimates linear models on panel data structures in the presence of AR(1)-type autocorrelation as well as panel heteroskedasticity and/or contemporaneous correlation. First, AR(1)-type autocorrelation is addressed via a two-step Prais-Winsten feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) procedure, where the autocorrelation coefficients may be panel-specific. A number of common estimators for the autocorrelation coefficient are supported. In case of panel heteroskedasticty, one can choose to use a sandwich-type robust standard error estimator with OLS or a panel weighted least squares estimator after the two-step Prais-Winsten estimator. Alternatively, if panels are both heteroskedastic and contemporaneously correlated, the package supports panel-corrected standard errors (PCSEs) as well as the Parks-Kmenta FGLS estimator.
A high performance package implementing random effects and/or sample selection models for panel count data.
Linear models for panel data: the fixed effect model and the
    random effect model
We extend two general methods of moment estimators to panel vector 
    autoregression models (PVAR) with p lags of endogenous variables, predetermined 
    and strictly exogenous variables. This general PVAR model contains the first 
    difference GMM estimator by Holtz-Eakin et al. (1988) <doi:10.2307/1913103>, 
    Arellano and Bond (1991) <doi:10.2307/2297968> and the system GMM estimator 
    by Blundell and Bond (1998) <doi:10.1016/S0304-4076(98)00009-8>. We also 
    provide specification tests (Hansen overidentification test, lag selection 
    criterion and stability test of the PVAR polynomial) and classical structural 
    analysis for PVAR models such as orthogonal and generalized impulse response 
    functions, bootstrapped confidence intervals for impulse response analysis and 
    forecast error variance decompositions.
Visualizes panel data with dichotomous treatments. 'panelView' has two main functionalities: (1) it visualizes the treatment and missing-value statuses of each observation in a panel/time-series-cross-sectional (TSCS) dataset; and (2) it plots the outcome variable (either continuous or discrete) in a time-series fashion.
Tools to interact with the 'Pangaea' Database
    (<https://www.pangaea.de>), including functions for searching for data,
    fetching 'datasets' by 'dataset' 'ID', and working with the 'Pangaea'
    'OAI-PMH' service.
A methodology that makes use of the factor structure of large
    dimensional panels to understand the nature of nonstationarity inherent
    in data. This is referred to as PANIC, Panel Analysis of Nonstationarity
    in Idiosyncratic and Common Components. 
    PANIC (2004)<doi:10.1111/j.1468-0262.2004.00528.x> includes
    valid pooling methods that allow panel tests to be constructed.
    PANIC (2004) can detect whether the nonstationarity in a series is
    pervasive, or variable specific, or both.
    PANIC (2010) <doi:10.1017/s0266466609990478> includes
    two new tests on the idiosyncratic component that estimates the pooled
    autoregressive coefficient and sample moment, respectively. The PANIC
    model approximates the number of factors based on
    Bai and Ng (2002) <doi:10.1111/1468-0262.00273>.
A central decision in a parametric regression is how to specify the relation between an dependent variable and each explanatory variable. This package provides a semi-parametric tool for comparing different transformations of an  explanatory variables in a parametric regression. The functions is relevant in a situation, where you would use a box-cox or Box-Tidwell transformations.  In contrast to the classic power-transformations, the methods in this package allows for  theoretical driven user input and the possibility to compare with a non-parametric transformation.
Users pass images and objects of class 'nifti' from the 'oro.nifti'
    package to a Papaya, an interactive lightweight JavaScript viewer.
    Although many packages can view individual slices or projections of
    image and matrix data, this package allows for quick and easy
    interactive browsing of images.  The viewer is based off of the
    Mango software, which is a lightweight medical image viewer.
A toolbox for writing 'knitr', 'Sweave' or other 'LaTeX'- or 'markdown'-based
	     reports and to prettify the output of various estimated models.
This is a data only package, that provides distances from a paper plane experiment.
A fast parallelized alternative to R's native 'dist' function to
    calculate distance matrices for continuous, binary, and multi-dimensional
    input matrices, which supports a broad variety of 39 predefined distance
    functions from the 'stats', 'proxy' and 'dtw' R packages, as well as user-
    defined functions written in C++. For ease of use, the 'parDist' function
    extends the signature of the 'dist' function and uses the same parameter
    naming conventions as distance methods of existing R packages. The package
    is mainly implemented in C++ and leverages the 'RcppParallel' package to
    parallelize the distance computations with the help of the 'TinyThread'
    library. Furthermore, the 'Armadillo' linear algebra library is used for
    optimized matrix operations during distance calculations. The curiously
    recurring template pattern (CRTP) technique is applied to avoid virtual
    functions, which improves the Dynamic Time Warping calculations while
    the implementation stays flexible enough to support different DTW step
    patterns and normalization methods.
R package implementing random forest classification using parallel computing, built with Fortran and OpenMP in the backend.
Passing a given function name or a call to the
        parallelize/parallelize_call functions analyses and executes
        the code, if possible in parallel. Parallel code execution can
        be performed locally or on remote batch queuing systems.
Unified parallelization framework for multiple back-end,
  designed for internal package and interactive usage.
    The main operation is a parallel "map" over lists.
    Supports local, multicore, mpi and BatchJobs mode.
    Allows "tagging" of the parallel operation
    with a level name that can be later selected by the user to
    switch on parallel execution for exactly this operation.
Recent Bayesian Markov chain Monto Carlo (MCMC) methods have been developed for big data sets that are too large to be analyzed using traditional statistical methods. These methods partition the data into non-overlapping subsets, and perform parallel independent Bayesian MCMC analyses on the data subsets, creating independent subposterior samples for each data subset. These independent subposterior samples are combined through four functions in this package, including averaging across subset samples, weighted averaging across subsets samples, and kernel smoothing across subset samples. The four functions assume the user has previously run the Bayesian analysis and has produced the independent subposterior samples outside of the package; the functions use as input the array of subposterior samples. The methods have been demonstrated to be useful for Bayesian MCMC models including Bayesian logistic regression, Bayesian Gaussian mixture models and Bayesian hierarchical Poisson-Gamma models. The methods are appropriate for Bayesian hierarchical models with hyperparameters, as long as data values in a single level of the hierarchy are not split into subsets.
By sampling your data, running the provided classifier on these samples in parallel on your own machine and letting your models vote on a prediction, we return much faster predictions than the regular machine learning algorithm and possibly even more accurate predictions.
Parallelise constraint based causality discovery and causal inference methods. The parallelised algorithms in the package will generate the same results as that of the 'pcalg' package but will be much more efficient.
By sampling your data, running the Support-Vector-Machine algorithm on these samples in parallel on your own machine and letting your models vote on a prediction, we return much faster predictions than the regular Support-Vector-Machine and possibly even more accurate predictions.
Provides two functions: Group_function() and Parallel_Tree(). Group_function() applies a given function (e.g.,mean()) to input variable(s) by group across levels. Has additional data management options.
    Parallel_Tree() uses 'ggplot2' to create a parallel coordinate plots (technically a facsimile of parallel coordinate plots in a Cartesian coordinate system).
    Used in combination these functions can create parallel tree plots, a variant of parallel coordinate plots, which are useful for visualizing multilevel data.
Allows specification and fitting of some parameter
    estimation examples inspired by time-resolved spectroscopy via
    a Shiny GUI.
Functions for parameter descriptions and operations in black-box
    optimization, tuning and machine learning. Parameters can be described
    (type, constraints, defaults, etc.), combined to parameter sets and can in
    general be programmed on. A useful OptPath object (archive) to log function
    evaluations is also provided.
A suite of tools for analysing pedigrees with marker data, including parametric linkage analysis, forensic computations, relatedness analysis and marker simulations. The core of the package is an implementation of the Elston-Stewart algorithm for pedigree likelihoods, extended to allow mutations as well as complex inbreeding. Features for linkage analysis include singlepoint LOD scores, power analysis, and multipoint analysis (the latter through a wrapper to the 'MERLIN' software). Forensic applications include exclusion probabilities, genotype distributions and conditional simulations. Data from the 'Familias' software can be imported and analysed in 'paramlink'. Finally, 'paramlink' offers many utility functions for creating, manipulating and plotting pedigrees with or without marker data (the actual plotting is done by the 'kinship2' package).
An interface to simplify organizing parameters used in a package,
    using external configuration files. This attempts to provide a cleaner
    alternative to options().
Run simulations or other functions while easily varying parameters
    from one iteration to the next. Some common use cases would be grid search
    for machine learning algorithms, running sets of simulations (e.g.,
    estimating statistical power for complex models), or bootstrapping under
    various conditions. See the 'paramtest' documentation for more information
    and examples.
paran is an implementation of Horn's technique for
        numerically and graphically evaluating the components or
        factors retained in a principle components analysis (PCA) or
        common factor analysis (FA). Horn's method contrasts
        eigenvalues produced through a PCA or FA on a number of random
        data sets of uncorrelated variables with the same number of
        variables and observations as the experimental or observational
        data set to produce eigenvalues for components or factors that
        are adjusted for the sample error-induced inflation. Components
        with adjusted eigenvalues greater than one are retained. paran
        may also be used to conduct parallel analysis following
        Glorfeld's (1995) suggestions to reduce the likelihood of
        over-retention.
Distributed gradient boosting based on the mboost package. The
    parboost package is designed to scale up component-wise functional
    gradient boosting in a distributed memory environment by splitting the
    observations into disjoint subsets, or alternatively using bootstrap
    samples (bagging). Each cluster node then fits a boosting model to its
    subset of the data. These boosting models are combined in an ensemble,
    either with equal weights, or by fitting a (penalized) regression
    model on the predictions of the individual models on the complete
    data.
The package estimates the matrix of partial correlations
        based on different regularized regression methods: lasso,
        adaptive lasso, PLS, and Ridge Regression. In addition, the
        package provides model selection for lasso, adaptive lasso and
        Ridge regression based on cross-validation.
Parallelized version of the "segment" function from Bioconductor package "DNAcopy", utilizing multi-core computation on host CPU
Conduct the Parent-Offspring Test Using Monomorphic SNP Markers. The similarity to the parents is computed for each offspring, and a plot of similarity for all offspring is produced. One can keep the offspring above some threshold for the similarity for further studies.
Statistical functions to describe a Pareto Positive Stable (PPS) 
    distribution and fit it to real data. Graphical and statistical tools to 
    validate the fits are included.
Fits Parametric Frailty Models by maximum marginal likelihood.
             Possible baseline hazards:
                 exponential, Weibull, inverse Weibull (Fréchet),
                 Gompertz, lognormal, log-skew-normal, and loglogistic.
             Possible Frailty distributions:
                gamma, positive stable, inverse Gaussian and lognormal.
The package provides a number of easily parallelized
        functions from the fossil package. This package is designed to
        be used with some type of parallel computing backend, such as
        multicore, snow or MPI.
Provides various tools for analysing UK political data, including creating political cartograms and retrieving data.
Provision of a set of models and methods for use in the allocation and management of capital in financial portfolios.
The package provides a parallel estimation of the mutual
        information based on entropy estimates from k-nearest neighbors
        distances and algorithms for the reconstruction of gene
        regulatory networks.
Model-based clustering and identifying informative features based on regularization methods. The package includes three regularization methods - PAirwise Reciprocal fuSE (PARSE) penalty proposed by Wang, Zhou and Hoeting (2016), the adaptive L1 penalty (APL1) and the adaptive pairwise fusion penalty (APFP). Heatmaps are included to shown the identification of informative features.
Implements basic partial order tools for multidimensional poverty evaluation with ordinal variables. Its main goal is to provide socio-economic scholars with an integrated set of elementary functions for multidimensional poverty evaluation, based on ordinal information. The package is organized in four main parts. The first two comprise functions for data management and basic partial order analysis; the third and the fourth are devoted to evaluation and implement both the poset-based approach and a more classical counting procedure. References, Fattore M. (2016) <doi:10.1007/s11205-015-1059-6> Fattore M., Arcagni A. (2016) <doi:10.1007/s11205-016-1501-4> Arcagni A. (2017) <doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45421-4_19>.
Parse dates automatically, without the need of
    specifying a format. Currently it includes the git date parser.
    It can also recognize and parse all ISO 8601 formats.
Provides functions for parsing ThermoFisher MSF files produced by Proteome Discoverer 1.4.x (see <https://thermofisher.com> for more information). This package makes it easy to view individual peptide information, including peak areas, and to map peptides to locations within the parent protein sequence. This package also estimates protein abundances from peak areas and across multiple technical replicates. The author of this package is not affiliated with ThermoFisher Scientific in any way.
Perform flexible simulation studies using one or multiple computer cores.
          The package is set up to be usable on high-performance clusters in addition
          to being run locally, see examples on <https://github.com/SachaEpskamp/parSim>.
It estimates the parameters of a partially linear regression censored model via maximum penalized likelihood through of ECME algorithm. The model belong to the semiparametric class, that including a parametric and nonparametric component. The error term considered belongs to the scale-mixture of normal (SMN) distribution, that includes well-known heavy tails distributions as the Student-t distribution, among others. To examine the performance of the fitted model, case-deletion and local influence techniques are provided to show its robust aspect against outlying and influential observations. This work is based in Ferreira, C. S., & Paula, G. A. (2017) <doi:10.1080/02664763.2016.1267124> but considering the SMN family.
A novel tool for generating a piecewise
        constant estimation list of increasingly complex predictors
        based on an intensive and comprehensive search over the entire
        covariate space.
A time series is said to be partially autoregressive if it can be represented as a sum of a random walk and an autoregressive sequence without unit roots. This package fits partially autoregressive time series, where the autoregressive  component is AR(1).  This may be of use in modeling certain financial time series.
A collection of time series is partially cointegrated if a linear combination of these time series can be found so that the residual spread is partially autoregressive - meaning that it can be represented as a sum of an autoregressive series and a random walk. This concept is useful in modeling certain sets of financial time series and beyond, as it allows for the spread to contain transient and permanent components alike. Partial cointegration has been introduced by Clegg and Krauss (2017) <doi:10.1080/14697688.2017.1370122>, along with a large-scale empirical application to financial market data. The partialCI package comprises estimation, testing, and simulation routines for partial cointegration models in state space. Clegg et al. (2017) <https://hdl.handle.net/10419/150014> provide an in in-depth discussion of the package functionality as well as illustrating examples in the fields of finance and macroeconomics.
The "partially overlapping samples t-tests", for the comparison
    of means for two samples which include both paired observations and independent
    observations. [See Derrick, B., Russ, B., Toher, D. & White P (2017). Test
    statistics for the comparison of means for two samples which include both paired
    observations and independent observations. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical
    Methods, 16(1)].
Computes Odds Ratio adjusted for a vector of possibly
        continuous covariates
Simulating particle movement in 2D space has many application. The
    'particles' package implements a particle simulator based on the ideas 
    behind the 'd3-force' 'JavaScript' library. 'particles' implements all 
    forces defined in 'd3-force' as well as others such as vector fields, traps, 
    and attractors.
Provides several measures ((dis)similarity, distance/metric,
    correlation, entropy) for comparing two partitions of the same set of
    objects. The different measures can be assigned to three different
    classes: Pair comparison (containing the famous Jaccard and Rand
    indices), set based, and information theory based.
    Many of the implemented measures can be found in
    Albatineh AN, Niewiadomska-Bugaj M and Mihalko D (2006)
    <doi:10.1007/s00357-006-0017-z> and
    Meila M (2007) <doi:10.1016/j.jmva.2006.11.013>.
    Partitions are represented by vectors of class labels which allow a
    straightforward integration with existing clustering algorithms
    (e.g. kmeans()). The package is mostly based on the S4 object system.
Low-dimensional embedding, using Random Forests for
        multiclass classification
partitionMetric computes a distance between two partitions
        of a set.
Additive partitions of integers.  Enumerates the
  partitions, unequal partitions, and restricted partitions of an
  integer; the three corresponding partition functions are also
  given.  Set partitions are now included.
Miscellaneous utilities for parallelizing large
   computations.  Alternative to MapReduce.
   File splitting and distributed operations such as sort and aggregate.
   "Software Alchemy" method for parallelizing most statistical methods,
   presented in N. Matloff, Parallel Computation for Data Science,
   Chapman and Hall, 2015.  Includes a debugging aid.
This package performs basic functions to fit and predict periodic autoregressive time series models. These models are discussed in the book P.H. Franses (1996) "Periodicity and Stochastic Trends in Economic Time Series", Oxford University Press. Data set analyzed in that book is also provided. NOTE: the package was orphaned during several years. It is now only maintained, but no major enhancement are expected, and the maintainer cannot provide any support.
A computational toolbox for recursive partitioning.
  The core of the package is ctree(), an implementation of
  conditional inference trees which embed tree-structured 
  regression models into a well defined theory of conditional
  inference procedures. This non-parametric class of regression
  trees is applicable to all kinds of regression problems, including
  nominal, ordinal, numeric, censored as well as multivariate response
  variables and arbitrary measurement scales of the covariates. 
  Based on conditional inference trees, cforest() provides an
  implementation of Breiman's random forests. The function mob()
  implements an algorithm for recursive partitioning based on
  parametric models (e.g. linear models, GLMs or survival
  regression) employing parameter instability tests for split
  selection. Extensible functionality for visualizing tree-structured
  regression models is available. The methods are described in
  Hothorn et al. (2006) <doi:10.1198/106186006X133933>,
  Zeileis et al. (2008) <doi:10.1198/106186008X319331> and 
  Strobl et al. (2007) <doi:10.1186/1471-2105-8-25>.
A toolkit with infrastructure for representing, summarizing, and
  visualizing tree-structured regression and classification models. This
  unified infrastructure can be used for reading/coercing tree models from
  different sources ('rpart', 'RWeka', 'PMML') yielding objects that share
  functionality for print()/plot()/predict() methods. Furthermore, new and improved
  reimplementations of conditional inference trees (ctree()) and model-based
  recursive partitioning (mob()) from the 'party' package are provided based
  on the new infrastructure. A description of this package was published
  by Hothorn and Zeileis (2015) <http://jmlr.org/papers/v16/hothorn15a.html>.
Parviol combines parallel coordinates and violin plot
An R package for polygenic trait analysis
Provide summary table of daily physical activity and per-person/grouped heat map for accelerometer data from SenseWear Armband. See <https://templehealthcare.wordpress.com/the-sensewear-armband/> for more information about SenseWear Armband.
To implement two methods, Kappa and PASS, for selecting
        tuning parameters in regularized procedures such as LASSO,
        SCAD, adaptive LASSO, aiming for variable selection in
        regularized regression
Smooths the process of working with country names and codes via 
    powerful parsing, standardization, and conversion utilities arranged in a 
    simple, consistent API. Country name formats include multiple sources 
    including the Unicode Common Locale Data 
    Repository (CLDR, <http://cldr.unicode.org/>) common-sense standardized 
    names in hundreds of languages.
Create random passwords of letters, numbers and punctuation.
Regularisation, decomposition and analysis of space-time series.
  The pastecs R package is a PNEC-Art4 and IFREMER (Benoit Beliaeff
  <Benoit.Beliaeff@ifremer.fr>) initiative to bring PASSTEC 2000 functionalities to R.
A pre-processor for mrBayes that assimilates sequences, taxonomic
    information and tree constraints as per xxx.  The main functions of
    interest for most users will be pastis_simple, pastis_main and conch. The
    main analysis is conducted with pastis_simple or pastis_main followed by a
    manual execution of mrBayes (>3.2). The placement of taxa not contained in
    the tree constraint can be investigated using conch.
Data and functions for the book PROBABILITY and STATISTICS
        WITH R.
Functions and data sets for the text Probability and Statistics
    with R, Second Edition.
Functions to patch specials in .dvi files,
        or entries in .synctex files.  Works with "concordance=TRUE" 
        in Sweave or knitr to link sources to previews.
Functions to generate scatterplots with images patches
        instead of usual glyphs, with associated utilities.
This utility eases the debugging of literate documents
	     ('noweb' files) by patching the synchronization information
	     (the '.synctex(.gz)' file) produced by 'pdflatex' with
	     concordance information produced by 'Sweave' or 'knitr' and
	     'Sweave' or 'knitr' ; this allows for bilateral communication
	     between a text editor (visualizing the 'noweb' source) and
	     a viewer (visualizing the resultant 'PDF'), thus bypassing
	     the intermediate 'TeX' file.
Provides functions to simplify the 'PatentsView' API
    (<http://www.patentsview.org/api/doc.html>) query language,
    send GET and POST requests to the API's seven endpoints, and parse the data
    that comes back.
An R tool suited to Affymetrix microarray data that combines three different statistical tests (Bootstrap, Fisher exact and Wilcoxon signed rank) to evaluate genetic pathway alterations.
pathClass is a collection of classification methods that
        use information about feature connectivity in a biological
        network as an additional source of information. This additional
        knowledge is incorporated into the classification a priori.
        Several authors have shown that this approach significantly
        increases the classification performance.
Implementation of simple functions to draw
    basic path diagrams just for visualization purposes.
Pathway enrichment analysis enables researchers to uncover mechanisms 
    underlying the phenotype. pathfindR is a tool for pathway enrichment analysis 
    utilizing active subnetworks. It identifies active subnetworks in a 
    protein-protein interaction network using user-provided a list of genes. 
    It performs pathway enrichment analyses on the identified subnetworks. 
    pathfindR also offers functionality to cluster enriched pathways and identify 
    representative pathways. The method is described in detail in 
    Ulgen E, Ozisik O, Sezerman OU. 2018. pathfindR: An R Package for Pathway 
    Enrichment Analysis Utilizing Active Subnetworks. bioRxiv. <doi:10.1101/272450>.
Functions to compute and display the area-based deviation between spatial paths and to compute a mapping based on minimizing area and distance-based cost.  For details, see: Mueller, S. T., Perelman, B. S., & Veinott, E. S. (2016) <DOI:10.3758/s13428-015-0562-7>.
pathmox, the cousin package of plspm, provides a very
    interesting solution for handling segmentation variables
    in PLS Path Modeling: segmentation trees in PLS Path Modeling.
Utilities for paths, files and directories.
Primarily for use with datasets containing only categorical variables, although continuous variables may be included as independent variables in paths. Using M Plus, backward variable selection is performed on all Total, Total Indirect, and then Direct effects until none of these effects have p-values greater than the specified target p-value. If there are missing values in the data, imputations are performed using the Mice package. Then selection is performed with the imputed data sets, and results are averaged.
Quickly and easily visualize longitudinal microbiome profiles using standard output from the QIIME microbiome analysis toolkit (see <http://qiime.org> for more information).
Provides a set of functions to efficiently recognize and clean the continuous dorsal pattern of a female brown anole lizard (Anolis sagrei) traced from 'ImageJ', an open platform for scientific image analysis (see <https://imagej.net> for more information), and extract common features such as the pattern sinuosity indices, coefficient of variation, and max-min width.
Provides tools for estimating composition and configuration parameters from a categorical (binary) landscape map (grid) and then simulates a selected number of statistically similar landscapes.  Class-focused pattern metrics are computed for each simulated map to produce empirical distributions against which statistical comparisons can be made. The code permits the analysis of single maps or pairs of maps.
Quantification of variation in organismal color patterns as obtained from image data. 
    Patternize defines homology between pattern positions across images either through 
    fixed landmarks or image registration. Pattern identification is performed by 
    categorizing the distribution of colors using either an RGB threshold or unsupervised 
    image segmentation.
Creates aesthetically pleasing and informative pie charts, bar charts and box plots with colors, patterns, and images.
Implementation of a Bayesian active learning strategy to carry out sequential experimental design in the context of biochemical network kinetic parameter estimation. This package gathers functions and pre-computed data sets to reproduce results presented in Pauwels E. et. al published in BMC Systems Biology, 2014. Scripts are given to compute all results from scratch or to draw pictures based on pre-computed data sets.
A cohesive framework for parsing, analyzing and organizing color from spectral data.
This is a collection of functions to process, format and store accelerometer data.
Implementation of the Parallel Adaptive Wang-Landau
        algorithm. Also implemented for comparison: parallel adaptive
        Metropolis-Hastings,SMC sampler.
Efficient algorithms for fitting weighted least squares regression with \eqn{L_{1}}{L1} regularization on both the
 coefficients and weight vectors, which is able to perform simultaneous variable selection 
 and outliers detection efficiently.
A lightweight package that adds
  progress bar to vectorized R functions
  ('*apply'). The implementation can easily be added
  to functions where showing the progress is
  useful (e.g. bootstrap). The type and style of the
  progress bar (with percentages or remaining time)
  can be set through options.
  Supports several parallel processing backends.
This R package provides power calculations via internal simulation methods. The package also provides a frontend to the now abandoned PBAT program (developed by Christoph Lange), and reads in the corresponding output and displays results and figures when appropriate. The license of this R package itself is GPL. However, to have the program interact with the PBAT program for some functionality of the R package, users must additionally obtain the PBAT program from Christoph Lange, and accept his license. Both the data analysis and power calculations have command line and graphical interfaces using tcltk.
Conducts maximum likelihood analysis and simulation of the
    protracted birth-death model of diversification. See
    Etienne, R.S. & J. Rosindell 2012 <doi:10.1093/sysbio/syr091>;
    Lambert, A., H. Morlon & R.S. Etienne 2014, <doi:10.1007/s00285-014-0767-x>;
    Etienne, R.S., H. Morlon & A. Lambert 2014, <doi:10.1111/evo.12433>.
An interface to and extensions for the 'PBLAS' and
    'ScaLAPACK' numerical libraries.  This enables R to utilize
    distributed linear algebra for codes written in the 'SPMD' fashion.
    This interface is deliberately low-level and mimics the style of
    the native libraries it wraps.  For a much higher level way of
    managing distributed matrices, see the 'pbdDMAT' package.
A set of demos of 'pbdR' packages, together with a useful,
    unifying vignette.
A set of classes for managing distributed matrices, and
    a collection of methods for computing linear algebra and
    statistics.  Computation is handled mostly by routines from the
    'pbdBASE' package, which itself relies on the 'ScaLAPACK' and
    'PBLAS' numerical libraries for distributed computing.
An efficient interface to MPI by utilizing S4
        classes and methods with a focus on Single Program/Multiple Data
        ('SPMD')
        parallel programming style, which is intended for batch parallel
        execution.
This package adds collective parallel read and write capability
             to the R package ncdf4 version 1.8. Typical use is as a
             parallel NetCDF4 file reader in SPMD style programming. Each R
             process reads and writes its own data in a synchronized
             collective mode, resulting in faster parallel performance.
             Performance improvement is conditional on a parallel file system.
A very light implementation yet secure for remote procedure calls
        with unified interface via ssh (OpenSSH) or plink/plink.exe (PuTTY).
Utilizing scalable linear algebra packages mainly
        including 'BLACS', 'PBLAS', and 'ScaLAPACK' in double precision via
        'pbdMPI' based on 'ScaLAPACK' version 2.0.2.
'ZeroMQ' is a well-known library for high-performance
    asynchronous messaging in scalable, distributed applications.  This
    package provides high level R wrapper functions to easily utilize
    'ZeroMQ'. We mainly focus on interactive client/server programming
    frameworks. For convenience, a minimal 'ZeroMQ' library (4.2.2)
    is shipped with 'pbdZMQ', which can be used if no system installation
    of 'ZeroMQ' is available.  A few wrapper functions compatible with
    'rzmq' are also provided.
The PBIB designs are important type of incomplete block designs having wide area of their applications for example in agricultural experiments, in plant breeding, in sample surveys etc. This package constructs various series of PBIB designs and assists in checking all the necessary conditions of PBIB designs and the association scheme on which these designs are based on. It also assists in calculating the efficiencies of PBIB designs with any number of associate classes. The package also constructs Youden-m square designs which are Row-Column designs for the two-way elimination of heterogeneity. The incomplete columns of these Youden-m square designs constitute PBIB designs. With the present functionality, the package will be of immense importance for the researchers as it will help them to construct PBIB designs, to check if their PBIB designs and association scheme satisfy various necessary conditions for the existence, to calculate the efficiencies of PBIB designs based on any association scheme and to construct Youden-m square designs for the two-way elimination of heterogeneity. R. C. Bose and K. R. Nair (1939) <http://www.jstor.org/stable/40383923>.
A set of datasets and functions used in the book
  'Modele liniowe i mieszane w R, wraz z przykladami w analizie danych'.
  Datasets either come from real studies or are created to be as similar 
  as possible to real studies.
Provides a vectorized R function for calculating
    probabilities from a standard bivariate normal CDF.
Test in mixed effects models. Attention is on mixed effects models
    as implemented in the 'lme4' package. This package implements a parametric
    bootstrap test and a Kenward Roger modification of F-tests for linear mixed
    effects models and a parametric bootstrap test for generalized linear mixed
    models.
Binding models which are useful when analysing protein-ligand interactions by techniques such as Biolayer Interferometry (BLI) or Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). Naman B. Shah, Thomas M. Duncan (2014) <doi:10.3791/51383>. Hoang H. Nguyen et al. (2015) <doi:10.3390/s150510481>. After initial binding parameters are known, binding curves can be simulated and parameters can be varied. The models within this package may also be used to fit a curve to measured binding data using non-linear regression.
A light-weight package helps you track and visualize
  the progress of parallel version of vectorized R functions (mc*apply).
  Parallelization (mc.core > 1) works only on *nix (Linux, Unix such as macOS) system due to
  the lack of fork() functionality, which is essential for mc*apply, on Windows.
Permutation based
    non-parametric analysis of CRISPR screen data. Details about this algorithm are published in the following paper published on BMC genomics, Jia et al. (2017) <doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3938-5>: A permutation-based non-parametric analysis of CRISPR screen data. Please cite this paper if you use this algorithm for your paper.
Following the method of Bailey et al., computes for a collection
    of candidate models the probability of backtest overfitting, the
    performance degradation and probability of loss, and the stochastic
    dominance.
Adds different kinds of brackets to a plot, including braces, chevrons, parentheses or square brackets.
R Support for ADMB (Automatic Differentiation Model Builder)
Routines for solving systems of delay differential equations by
   interfacing numerical routines written by Simon N. Wood , with contributions
   by Benjamin J. Cairns. These numerical routines first appeared in Simon
   Wood's 'solv95' program. This package includes a vignette and a complete
   user's guide. 'PBSddesolve' originally appeared on CRAN under the name
   'ddesolve'. That version is no longer supported. The current name emphasizes
   a close association with other PBS packages, particularly 'PBSmodelling'.
This software has evolved from fisheries research conducted at the
   Pacific Biological Station (PBS) in 'Nanaimo', British Columbia, Canada. It
   extends the R language to include two-dimensional plotting features similar
   to those commonly available in a Geographic Information System (GIS).
   Embedded C code speeds algorithms from computational geometry, such as
   finding polygons that contain specified point events or converting between
   longitude-latitude and Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates.
   Additionally, we include 'C++' code developed by Angus Johnson for the
   'Clipper' library, data for a global shoreline, and other data sets in the
   public domain. Under the user's R library directory '.libPaths()',
   specifically in './PBSmapping/doc', a complete user's guide is offered and
   should be consulted to use package functions effectively.
Provides software to facilitate the design, testing, and operation
   of computer models. It focuses particularly on tools that make it easy to
   construct and edit a customized graphical user interface ('GUI'). Although our
   simplified 'GUI' language depends heavily on the R interface to the 'Tcl/Tk'
   package, a user does not need to know 'Tcl/Tk'. Examples illustrate models
   built with other R packages, including 'PBSmapping', 'PBSddesolve', and 'BRugs'. 
   A complete user's guide 'PBSmodelling-UG.pdf' shows how to use this package
   effectively.
Functions simplifying presentation of PCA models in a 3D interactive representation using 'rgl'.
To seek for a contemporaneous linear transformation for
    a multivariate time series such that the transformed series is segmented
    into several lower-dimensional subseries, and those subseries are
    uncorrelated with each other both contemporaneously and serially.
A central part of using PCA and similar methods are creating and using plots. Visual inspection of these plots is an extremely powerful way of understanding your matrix-form data. Doing this is essential when applying multivariate methods on real-life matrix data. This package provides plots, tailor made for understanding a PCA model on a matrix dataset. We have worked to design plots that supports the mathematical properties of PCA, but still easy to use and understand. The flexibility of the plotting capacity of R has been utilized to create a look and feel that supports the understanding of the PCA model. In addition to that, this package contains a prediction function, using PCA to fill "holes" in a matrix. This package does not provide you with the scores and loadings etc in numeric form. This is provided through the underlying package 'mixOmics' which is the basis of this package. In addition, applied PCA on real life data requires flexibility. The original way of calculating a PCA is by using the method SVD, used in e.g. 'stats' package. This is preferred from a precision point of view. But 'PCA4you' is based on the method NIPALS for calculating the PCA model. Hence, the following cases, which are not (or poorly) supported by SVD, are fully supported by 'PCA4you':  1) Non complete matrices with little or a lot of missing values 2) More row than columns, sometimes a huge difference 3) More columns than rows, sometimes a huge difference 4) Complete decomposition is not possible or desired. Sometimes all components can not be calculated for different reasons. Big data, system resources or time can limit the desired number of principal components.
Draws a 2D principal component plot using the first 2 principal
  components from the original and bootstrapped data to give some sense of
  variability.
A suite of non-parametric, visual tools for assessing differences in data structures
    for two datasets that contain different observations of the same variables. These tools are all 
    based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and thus effectively address differences in the structures
    of the covariance matrices of the two datasets. The PCASDC tools consist of easy-to-use, 
    intuitive plots that each focus on different aspects of the PCA decompositions. The cumulative eigenvalue
    (CE) plot describes differences in the variance components (eigenvalues) of the deconstructed covariance matrices. The
    angle plot presents the information loss when moving from the PCA decomposition of one dataset to the 
    PCA decomposition of the other. The chroma plot describes the loading patterns of the two datasets, thereby
    presenting the relative weighting and importance of the variables from the original dataset.
Implementations of several methods for principal component analysis 
        using the L1 norm.  The package depends on COIN-OR Clp version >= 
        1.12.0.  The methods implemented are 
        PCA-L1 (Kwak 2008) <DOI:10.1109/TPAMI.2008.114>, 
        L1-PCA (Ke and Kanade 2003, 2005) <DOI:10.1109/CVPR.2005.309>, 
        L1-PCA* (Brooks, Dula, and Boone 2013) <DOI:10.1016/j.csda.2012.11.007>, 
        L1-PCAhp (Visentin, Prestwich and Armagan 2016) 
                 <DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-46227-1_37>, 
        wPCA (Park and Klabjan 2016) <DOI: 10.1109/ICDM.2016.0054>,
        awPCA (Park and Klabjan 2016) <DOI: 10.1109/ICDM.2016.0054>,
        PCA-Lp (Kwak 2014) <DOI:10.1109/TCYB.2013.2262936>, and
        SharpEl1-PCA (Brooks and Dula, submitted).
Functions for causal structure
  learning and causal inference using graphical models. The main algorithms
  for causal structure learning are PC (for observational data without hidden
  variables), FCI and RFCI (for observational data with hidden variables),
  and GIES (for a mix of data from observational studies
  (i.e. observational data) and data from experiments
  involving interventions (i.e. interventional data) without hidden
  variables). For causal inference the IDA algorithm, the Generalized
  Backdoor Criterion (GBC), the Generalized Adjustment Criterion (GAC)
  and some related functions are implemented. Functions for incorporating
  background knowledge are provided.
Implements transformations of P-values to the smallest possible Bayes factor within the specified class of alternative hypotheses, as described in Held & Ott (2017, On p-values and Bayes factors, Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application, 5, to appear). Covers several common testing scenarios such as z-tests, t-tests, likelihood ratio tests and the F-test of overall significance in the linear model.
Implements principal component analysis, orthogonal rotation and multiple
    factor analysis for a mixture of quantitative and qualitative variables.
A set of functions to perform parallel analysis for
        principal components analysis intended mainly for large data
        sets. It performs a parallel analysis of continuous, ordered
        (including dichotomous/binary as a special case) or mixed type
        of data associated with a principal components analysis.
        Polychoric correlations among ordered variables, Pearson
        correlations among continuous variables and polyserial
        correlation between mixed type variables (one ordered and one
        continuous) are used. Whenever the use of polyserial or
        polychoric correlations yields a non positive definite
        correlation matrix, the resulting matrix is transformed into
        the nearest positive definite matrix. This is a continued work 
        based on a previous version developed at the Colombian Institute 
        for the evaluation of education - ICFES.
Provides functions for robust PCA by projection pursuit. The methods are described in Croux et al. (2006) <doi:10.2139/ssrn.968376>, Croux et al. (2013) <doi:10.1080/00401706.2012.727746>, Todorov and Filzmoser (2013) <doi:10.1007/978-3-642-33042-1_31>.
An implementation of the pediatric complex chronic conditions (CCC)
    classification system using R and C++.
Implements methods to automate the Auer-Gervini graphical
  Bayesian approach for determining the number of significant
  principal components. Automation uses clustering, change points, or
  simple statistical models to distinguish "long" from "short" steps
  in a graph showing the posterior number of components as a function
  of a prior parameter. See <doi:10.1101/237883>.
Method extends multivariate and functional dynamic principal components
    to periodically correlated multivariate time series. This package allows you to
    compute true dynamic principal components in the presence of periodicity. 
    We follow implementation guidelines as described in Kidzinski, Kokoszka and
    Jouzdani (2017), in Principal component analysis of periodically correlated
    functional time series <arXiv:1612.00040>.
Semiparametric regression analysis of panel count data under the non-homogeneous Poisson
             process model with and without Gamma frailty using monotone splines.
Functions for generating progressively Type-II censored data in
    a mixture structure and fitting models using a constrained EM algorithm. It can also
    create a progressive Type-II censored version of a given real dataset to be considered for
    model fitting.
Principal component of explained variance (PCEV) is a statistical
    tool for the analysis of a multivariate response vector. It is a dimension-
    reduction technique, similar to Principal component analysis (PCA), that seeks
    to maximize the proportion of variance (in the response vector) being explained
    by a set of covariates.
We provide several algorithms to compute the genotype ancestry scores (such as eigenvector projections) in the case where highly correlated individuals are involved.
The package solves linear system of equations Ax=b by using Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Algorithm where A is real symmetric positive definite matrix. A suitable preconditioner matrix may be provided by user. This can also be used to minimize quadratic function (x'Ax)/2-bx for unknown x.
Contains logic for computing the statistical association of variable groups, i.e., gene sets, with respect to the principal components of genomic data.
Using piecewise constant hazards models is a very flexible approach
    for the analysis of survival data. The time line is divided into sub-intervals;
    for each interval, a different hazard is estimated using Poisson regression.
Provides a work-alike to R's POSIXct class which implements
  360- and 365-day calendars in addition to the gregorian calendar.
Estimates the multidimensional polytomous Rasch model
    (Rasch, 1961) and the Continuous Rating Scale model (Mueller, 1987).
Apply Partial Correlation coefficient with Information
        Theory (PCIT) to a correlation matrix.
        The PCIT algorithm identifies meaningful correlations to define
        edges in a weighted network. The algorithm can be applied to
        any correlation-based network including but not limited to gene
        co-expression networks.
        To reduce compute time by making use of multiple compute cores,
        simply run PCIT on a computer with has multiple cores and also
        has the Rmpi package installed. PCIT will then auto-detect the
        multicore environment and run in parallel mode without the need
        to rewrite your scripts. This makes scripts, using PCIT, portable
        across single core (or no Rmpi package installed) computers
        which will run in serial mode and multicore (with Rmpi package
        installed) computers which will run in parallel mode.
Implementation of PCMRS (Partial Credit Model with Response Styles) as proposed in by Tutz, Schauberger and Berger (2016) <https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/29373/> .  PCMRS is an extension of the regular partial credit model. PCMRS allows for an additional person parameter that characterizes the response style of the person. By taking the response style into account, the estimates of the item parameters are less biased than in partial credit models.
Performs arm-based network meta-analysis for datasets with binary, continuous, and count outcomes using the Bayesian methods of Zhang et al (2014) <doi:10.1177/1740774513498322> and Lin et al (2017) <doi:10.18637/jss.v080.i05>.
Computation of the Pedroni (1999) panel cointegration test statistics.  Reported are the empirical and the standardized values.
Analyzing regression data with many and/or highly collinear predictor variables, by simultaneously reducing the predictor variables to a limited number of components and regressing the criterion variables on these components. Several rotation options are provided in this package, as well as model selection options.
Set of functions for analysis of Principal Coordinates of Phylogenetic Structure (PCPS).
Calculates the amplification efficiency and curves from real-time 
  quantitative PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) data. Estimates the relative 
  expression from PCR data using the double delta CT and the standard curve 
  methods Livak & Schmittgen (2001) <doi:10.1006/meth.2001.1262>. Tests for 
  statistical significance using two-group tests and linear regression 
  Yuan et al. (2006) <doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-7-85>.
Implementing the Coalescent Approach to PCR Simulation.
Extracts features from amplification curve data of quantitative Polymerase Chain Reactions (qPCR) (Pabinger, Stephan, Stefan Roediger, Albert Kriegner, Klemens Vierlinger, and Andreas Weinhauusel (2014) <doi:10.1016/j.bdq.2014.08.002>) for machine learning purposes. Helper functions prepare the amplification curve data for processing as functional data (e.g., Hausdorff distance) or enable the plotting of amplification curve classes (negative, ambiguous, positive). The hookreg() and hookregNL() functions can be used to predict amplification curves with an hook effect-like curvature. The pcrfit_single() function can be used to extract features from an amplification curve.
Simulate the forensic DNA process: generate random or fixed DNA
    profiles, create forensic samples including mixtures of diploid and haploid
    cells, simulate DNA extraction, normalization, degradation, amplification
    including stutters and inter-locus balance, and capillary electrophoresis.
    DNA profiles are visualized as electropherograms and saved in tables.
    The command pcrsim() opens up a graphical user interface which allow the user
    to create projects, to enter, load, and save parameters required for the simulation.
    The simulation is transparent and the parameters used in each step of the simulation
    can be viewed in the result tables.
Given k populations (can be in thousands), what is the probability that a given subset of size t contains the true top t populations?  This package finds this probability and offers three tuning parameters (G, d, L) to relax the definition.
This package contains a function to estimate
        panel-corrected standard errors. Data may contain balanced or
        unbalanced panels.
Parallel Constraint Satisfaction (PCS) models are an increasingly
    common class of models in Psychology, with applications to reading and word
    recognition (McClelland & Rumelhart, 1981), judgment and decision making
    (Glöckner & Betsch, 2008; Glöckner, Hilbig, & Jekel, 2014), and several
    other fields (e.g. Read, Vanman, & Miller, 1997). In each of these fields,
    they provide a quantitative model of psychological phenomena, with precise
    predictions regarding choice probabilities, decision times, and often the degree
    of confidence. This package provides the necessary functions to create and
    simulate basic Parallel Constraint Satisfaction networks within R.
Permutation Distribution Clustering is a clustering method for time series. Dissimilarity of time series is formalized as the divergence between their permutation distributions. The permutation distribution was proposed as measure of the complexity of a time series.
Data sets for the Panel Data Econometrics with R book.
The package performs cluster analysis via nonparametric density 
   estimation. Operationally, the kernel method is used throughout to estimate
   the density. Diagnostics methods for evaluating the quality of the clustering 
   are available. The package includes also a routine to estimate the 
   probability density function obtained by the kernel method, given a set of
   data with arbitrary dimensions.
Download economic and financial time series from public sources, 
  including the St Louis Fed's FRED system, Yahoo Finance, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 
  the US Energy Information Administration, the World Bank, Eurostat, the European Central Bank,
  the Bank of England, the UK's Office of National Statistics, Deutsche Bundesbank, and INSEE.
Includes functions for keyword search of pdf files. There is
    also a wrapper that includes searching of all files within a single
    directory.
Allows the user to convert PDF tables to formats more amenable to
  analysis ('.csv', '.xml', or '.xlsx') by wrapping the PDFTables API.
  In order to use the package, the user needs to sign up for an API account
  on the PDFTables website (<https://pdftables.com/pdf-to-excel-api>).
  The package works by taking a PDF file as input, uploading it to PDFTables,
  and returning a file with the extracted data.
Utilities based on 'libpoppler' for extracting text, fonts, attachments and 
    metadata from a PDF file. Also supports high quality rendering of PDF documents info
    PNG, JPEG, TIFF format, or into raw bitmap vectors for further processing in R.
Computes the euclidean distance between rows of a matrix X
        and rows of another matrix Y.  Previously, this could be done
        by binding the two matrices together and calling 'dist', but
        this creates unnecessary computation by computing the distances
        between a row of X and another row of X, and likewise for Y.
        pdist strictly computes distances across the two matrices, not
        within the same matrix, making computations significantly
        faster for certain use cases.
Measures real distances in pictures. With PDM() function, you can choose one '*.jpg' file, select the measure in mm of scale, starting and and finishing point in the graphical scale, the name of the measure, and starting and and finishing point of the measures. After, ask the user for a new measure.
Fits a model of Pavlovian conditioning phenomena, such as response extinction and spontaneous recovery, and partial reinforcement extinction effects. Competing proximal and distal reward predictions, computed using fast and slow learning rates, combine according to their uncertainties and the recency of information. The resulting mean prediction drives the response rate.
Building patient level networks for prediction of 
        medical outcomes and draw the cluster of network.        
        This package is based on paper Personalized disease 
        networks for understanding and predicting cardiovascular 
        diseases and other complex processes 
        (See Cabrera et al. <http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/134/Suppl_1/A14957>).
A general framework for constructing partial dependence (i.e., 
  marginal effect) plots from various types machine learning models in R.
Looks for amino acid and/or nucleotide patterns and/or small
    ligands coordinated to a given prosthetic centre. Files have to be in the local
    file system and contain proper extension.
A collection of tools for approximating the 'PDQ' functions
    (respectively, the cumulative distribution, density, and quantile) of
    probability distributions via classical expansions involving moments and
    cumulants.
Threshold model, panel version of Hylleberg et al.(1990)<DOI:10.1016/0304-4076(90)90080-D> seasonal unit root tests, and panel unit root test of Chang(2002)<DOI:10.1016/S0304-4076(02)00095-7>.
Reads Planetary Data Systems v3 (PDS3 - <https://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/>)
  Object Description Language (ODL) formatted files, typically used in NASA
  missions for storing metadata about observations.
A package to compute and tune some positive definite and
        sparse covariance estimators
An implementation of data analysis tools for samples of symmetric or 
  Hermitian positive definite matrices, such as collections of covariance matrices 
  or spectral density matrices. The tools in this package can be used to perform (i) 
  intrinsic manifold wavelet regression and clustering for curves (1D) or surfaces (2D) 
  of Hermitian positive definite matrices, and (ii) exploratory data analysis and inference 
  for samples of (curves of) Hermitian positive definite matrices by means of intrinsic manifold 
  data depth and manifold rank-based hypothesis tests.
The original definition of the two and three dimensional Kolmogorov-Smirnov two-sample
             test statistics given by Peacock (1983) is implemented. Two R-functions: peacock2 and peacock3, 
             are provided to compute the test statistics in two and three dimensional spaces, respectively. 
             Note the Peacock test is different from the Fasano and Franceschini test (1987). The latter is 
             a variant of the Peacock test.
Calculates the periodogram of a time series, maximum-likelihood fits an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck state space (OUSS) null model and evaluates the statistical significance of periodogram peaks against the OUSS null hypothesis. The OUSS is a parsimonious model for stochastically fluctuating variables with linear stabilizing forces, subject to uncorrelated measurement errors. Contrary to the classical white noise null model for detecting cyclicity, the OUSS model can account for temporal correlations typically occurring in ecological and geological time series.
Chromatin immunoprecipitation DNA sequencing results in genomic
    tracks that show enriched regions or peaks where proteins are bound.
    This package implements fast C code that computes the true and false
    positives with respect to a database of annotated regions.
Biologically inspired methods for
    detecting peaks in one-dimensional data, such as time series or genomics data.
    The algorithms were originally designed by Weber, Ramachandran, and Henikoff,
    see documentation.
When working with big data sets, RAM conservation is critically
    important. However, it is not always enough to just monitor the
    size of the objects created. So-called "copy-on-modify" behavior,
    characteristic of R, means that some expressions or functions may
    require an unexpectedly large amount of RAM overhead. For example,
    replacing a single value in a matrix duplicates that matrix in the
    back-end, making this task require twice as much RAM as that used
    by the matrix itself. This package makes it easy to monitor the total
    and peak RAM used so that developers can quickly identify and
    eliminate RAM hungry code.
Spectrum manipulation: background estimation, Markov
        smoothing, deconvolution and peaks search functions. Ported
        from ROOT/TSpectrum class.
A quadratic time dynamic programming algorithm
 can be used to compute an approximate solution to the problem of
 finding the most likely changepoints
 with respect to the Poisson likelihood, subject
 to a constraint on the number of segments, and the changes which must
 alternate: up, down, up, down, etc. For more info read
 <http://proceedings.mlr.press/v37/hocking15.html>
 "PeakSeg: constrained optimal segmentation and supervised penalty learning
 for peak detection in count data" by TD Hocking et al,
 proceedings of ICML2015.
Jointly segment several ChIP-seq samples to find the peaks 
 which are the same and different across samples. The fast approximate
 maximum Poisson likelihood algorithm is described in
 "PeakSegJoint: fast supervised peak detection via joint segmentation
 of multiple count data samples"
 <arXiv:1506.01286> by TD Hocking and G Bourque.
Computes optimal changepoint models using the
 Poisson likelihood for non-negative count data,
 subject to the PeakSeg constraint:
 the first change must be up, second change down, third change up, etc.
 For more info about the models and algorithms,
 read "A log-linear time algorithm for constrained changepoint detection"
 <arXiv:1703.03352> by TD Hocking et al.
Package for estimating periodic autoregressive models.
        Datasets: monthly ozone and Fraser riverflow. Plots: periodic
        versions of boxplot, auto/partial correlations, moving-average
        expansion.
Supports maximum likelihood inference for the Pearson VII
    distribution with shape parameter 3/2 and free location and scale
    parameters. This distribution is relevant when estimating the velocity of
    processive motor proteins with random detachment.
Implementation of the Pearson distribution system, including full
  support for the (d,p,q,r)-family of functions for probability distributions 
  and fitting via method of moments and maximum likelihood method.
The Pearson-ICA algorithm is a mutual information-based
        method for blind separation of statistically independent source
        signals. It has been shown that the minimization of mutual
        information leads to iterative use of score functions, i.e.
        derivatives of log densities. The Pearson system allows
        adaptive modeling of score functions. The flexibility of the
        Pearson system makes it possible to model a wide range of
        source distributions including asymmetric distributions. The
        algorithm is designed especially for problems with asymmetric
        sources but it works for symmetric sources as well.
Validation of risk predictions obtained from survival models and
    competing risk models based on censored data using inverse weighting and
    cross-validation.
Functions for sensitivity and power analysis, for calculating statistics describing pedigrees from wild populations, and for viewing pedigrees.
An implementation for association analysis with CNV data in R. It
    provides two methods for association study: first, the observed probe
    intensity measurement can be directly used to detect the association of CNV
    with phenotypes of interest. Second, the most probable copy number is
    estimated with the proposed likelihood and the association of the most
    probable copy number with phenotype is tested. This method can be applied
    to both the independent and correlated population.
Gene-level association tests with disease status for pedigree data: kernel and burden association statistics.
Functions to employ many of the tools and techniques used in the 
    field of pedometrics.
Provides functions to perform the peer performance
    analysis of funds' returns as described in Ardia and Boudt (2016) <doi:10.2139/ssrn.2000901>.
Functions for reading, writing, plotting, analysing, and manipulating allelic and haplotypic data, and for the analysis of population nucleotide sequences and micro-satellites including coalescence analyses.
The population proportion using group testing can be estimated by different methods. Four functions including p.mle(), p.gart(), p.burrow() and p.order() are provided to implement four estimating methods including the maximum likelihood estimate, Gart's estimate, Burrow's estimate, and order statistic estimate.
Several functions introduced in Aster et al.'s book on inverse theory. The functions are often translations of MATLAB code developed by the authors to illustrate concepts of inverse theory as applied to geophysics. Generalized inversion, tomographic inversion algorithms (conjugate gradients, 'ART' and 'SIRT'), non-linear least squares, first and second order Tikhonov regularization, roughness constraints, and procedures for estimating smoothing parameters are included.
This package provides functions to perform multivariate Gaussian parameter estimation based on data with abundance-dependent missingness. It implements a penalized Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. The package is tailored for but not limited to proteomics data applications, in which a large proportion of the data are often missing-not-at-random with lower values (or absolute values) more likely to be missing.
Utility functions for the handling, analysis and visualisation 
  of data from portable emissions measurement systems ('PEMS') and other 
  similar mobile activity monitoring devices. The package includes a dedicated 
  'pems' data class that manages many of the quality control, unit handling 
  and data archiving issues that can hinder efforts to standardise 'PEMS' 
  research.
Fitting possibly high dimensional penalized
        regression models. The penalty structure can be any combination
        of an L1 penalty (lasso and fused lasso), an L2 penalty (ridge) and a
        positivity constraint on the regression coefficients. The
        supported regression models are linear, logistic and Poisson
        regression and the Cox Proportional Hazards model.
        Cross-validation routines allow optimization of the tuning
        parameters.
Implements the penalized LDA proposal of "Witten and Tibshirani (2011), Penalized classification using Fisher's linear discriminant, to appear in Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B".
This package provides feature selection SVM using penalty
        functions. The smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD),
        'L1-norm', 'Elastic Net' ('L1-norm' and 'L2-norm') and 'Elastic
        SCAD' (SCAD and 'L2-norm') penalties are availible. The tuning
        parameters can be founf using either a fixed grid or a interval
        search.
Implementations of algorithms from 
 Learning Sparse Penalties for Change-point Detection
 using Max Margin Interval Regression, by
 Hocking, Rigaill, Vert, Bach
 <http://proceedings.mlr.press/v28/hocking13.html>
 published in proceedings of ICML2013.
Flexible copula density estimation with penalized hierarchical B-Splines.
Estimating Non-Simplified Vine Copulas Using Penalized Splines.
A regularization approach for Cox Frailty Models by penalization methods is provided.
Flexible Pair-Copula Estimation in D-vines using Bivariate Penalized Splines.
Structured fusion Lasso penalized estimation of multi-state models with the penalty applied to absolute effects and absolute effect differences (i.e., effects on transition-type specific hazard rates).
Robust penalized elastic net S and MM estimator for linear
    regression. The method is described in detail in
    Cohen Freue, G. V., Kepplinger, D., Salibian-Barrera, M., and Smucler, E.
    (2017) <https://gcohenfr.github.io/pdfs/PENSE_manuscript.pdf>.
Simulation of continuous, correlated high-dimensional data with time to event or binary response, and parallelized functions for Lasso, Ridge, and Elastic Net penalized regression with repeated starts and two-dimensional tuning of the Elastic Net.
Package peperr is designed for prediction error estimation
        through resampling techniques, possibly accelerated by parallel
        execution on a compute cluster. Newly developed model fitting
        routines can be easily incorporated.
Amino acid exchange based on single nucleotide variant (SNV) information and tryptic digestion on peptide sequence. Searching for homologous by comparison of tryptic digested peptide sequences.
An implementation of the data processing and data analysis portion
    of a pipeline named the PepSAVI-MS which is currently under development by
    the Hicks laboratory at the University of North Carolina.  The statistical
    analysis package presented herein provides a collection of software tools
    used to facilitate the prioritization of putative bioactive peptides from a
    complex biological matrix.  Tools are provided to deconvolute mass
    spectrometry features into a single representation for each peptide charge
    state, filter compounds to include only those possibly contributing to the
    observed bioactivity, and prioritize these remaining compounds for those
    most likely contributing to each bioactivity data set.
Evaluation of diversity in peptide libraries, including NNN, NNB,
    NNK/S, and 20/20 schemes. Custom encoding schemes can also be defined.
    Metrics for evaluation include expected coverage, relative efficiency, and
    the functional diversity of the library. Peptide-level inclusion
    probabilities are computable for both the native and custom encoding
    schemes.
Includes functions to calculate several physicochemical properties and indices for amino-acid sequences as well as to read and plot 'XVG' output files from the 'GROMACS' molecular dynamics package.
Moderated regression with mean and residual centering and simple slopes analysis.
Identification, model fitting and estimation for time series with periodic structure.
    Additionally procedures for simulation of periodic processes
    and real data sets are included.
To find the certainty of dominance interactions with indirect
    interactions being considered.
Contains functions which allow the user to compute confidence intervals quickly using the double bootstrap-based percentile calibrated ('perc-cal') method for linear regression coefficients. 'perccal_interval()' is the primary user-facing function within this package.
An implementation of two functions that estimate values for percentiles from an ordered categorical variable as described by Reardon (2011, isbn:978-0-87154-372-1). One function estimates percentile differences from two percentiles while the other returns the values for every percentile from 1 to 100.
Several person-fit statistics (PFSs) are offered. These statistics allow assessing whether
  individual response patterns to tests or questionnaires are (im)plausible given 
  the other respondents in the sample or given a specified item response theory model. Some PFSs apply to 
  dichotomous data, such as the likelihood-based PFSs (lz, lz*) and the group-based PFSs 
  (personal biserial correlation, caution index, (normed) number of Guttman errors, 
  agreement/disagreement/dependability statistics, U3, ZU3, NCI, Ht). PFSs suitable to polytomous data include
  extensions of lz, U3, and (normed) number of Guttman errors.
Package that implements different performance measures for classification and ranking tasks. AUC, precision at a given recall, F-score for single and multiple classes are available.
Collection of econometric functions for
    performance and risk analysis. This package aims to aid
    practitioners and researchers in utilizing the latest
    research in analysis of non-normal return streams.  In
    general, it is most tested on return (rather than
    price) data on a regular scale, but most functions will
    work with irregular return data as well, and increasing
    numbers of functions will work with P&L or price data
    where possible.
An infra-structure for estimating the predictive performance of
    predictive models. In this context, it can also be used to compare and/or select
    among different alternative ways of solving one or more predictive tasks. The
    main goal of the package is to provide a generic infra-structure to estimate
    the values of different metrics of predictive performance using different
    estimation procedures. These estimation tasks can be applied to any solutions
    (workflows) to the predictive tasks. The package provides easy to use standard
    workflows that allow the usage of any available R modeling algorithm together
    with some pre-defined data pre-processing steps and also prediction post-
    processing methods. It also provides means for addressing issues related with
    the statistical significance of the observed differences.
Provides tools for linkage mapping in polyploids.
    It implements the method PERGOLA, which is a fast, deterministic method to
    calculate the order of markers in a linkage group.
Provides a dataset containing properties for chemical elements.
    Helper functions are also provided to access some atomic properties.
Perform Exact or Asymptotic permutation tests
This version of the permutational algorithm generates a
        dataset in which event and censoring times are conditional on
        an user-specified list of covariates, some or all of which are
        time-dependent.
Includes functions to work with the Mallows and Generalized Mallows
    Models. The considered distances are Kendall's-tau, Cayley, Hamming and Ulam
    and it includes functions for making inference, sampling and learning such
    distributions, some of which are novel in the literature. As a by-product,
    PerMallows also includes operations for permutations, paying special attention
    to those related with the Kendall's-tau, Cayley, Ulam and Hamming distances. It
    is also possible to generate random permutations at a given distance, or with
    a given number of inversions, or cycles, or fixed points or even with a given
    length on LIS (longest increasing subsequence).
Implementations of permutation approach to hypothesis testing for quasi-independence of truncation time and failure time. The implemented approaches are powerful against non-monotone alternatives and thereby offer protection against erroneous assumptions of quasi-independence. The proposed tests use either a conditional or an unconditional method to evaluate the permutation p-value. The conditional method was first developed in Tsai (1980) <doi:10.2307/2336059> and Efron and Petrosian (1992) <doi:10.1086/171931>. The unconditional method provides a valid approximation to the conditional method, yet computationally simpler and does not hold fixed the size of each risk sets. Users also have an option to carry out the proposed permutation tests in a parallel computing fashion.
Can be used to carry out
        permutation resampling inference in the context of RNA
        microarray studies.
Permutational group-sequential tests for time-to-event data based on the log-rank test statistic. Supports exact permutation test when the censoring distributions are equal in the treatment and the control group and approximate imputation-permutation methods when the censoring distributions are different.
Can be used to carry out permutation based gene expression pathway analysis. This work was supported by a National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/National Institutes of Health contract (No. HHSN272200900059C).
All the functions compiled in this package were created to perform permutation-based non-parametric analysis on microbiome data for biomarker discovery aims. This test executes thousands of comparisons in pairwise manner, after random shuffling of data into the different groups of study.
Functions to compute p-values based on permutation tests. Regression, ANOVA and ANCOVA, omnibus F-tests, marginal unilateral and bilateral t-tests are available. Several methods to handle nuisance variables are implemented (Kherad-Pajouh, S., & Renaud, O. (2010) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2010.02.015> ; Kherad-Pajouh, S., & Renaud, O. (2014) <doi:10.1007/s00362-014-0617-3> ; Winkler, A. M., Ridgway, G. R., Webster, M. A., Smith, S. M., & Nichols, T. E. (2014) <doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.01.060>). An extension for the comparison of signals issued from experimental conditions (e.g. EEG/ERP signals) is provided. Several corrections for multiple testing are possible, including the cluster-mass statistic (Maris, E., & Oostenveld, R. (2007) <doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.03.024>) and the threshold-free cluster enhancement (Smith, S. M., & Nichols, T. E. (2009) <doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.03.061>).
Manipulates invertible functions from a finite set to itself.  Can transform from word form to cycle form and back.
A set of restricted permutation designs for freely exchangeable, line transects (time series), and spatial grid designs plus permutation of blocks (groups of samples) is provided. 'permute' also allows split-plot designs, in which the whole-plots or split-plots or both can be freely-exchangeable or one of the restricted designs. The 'permute' package is modelled after the permutation schemes of 'Canoco 3.1' (and later) by Cajo ter Braak.
Helps you determine the analysis window to use when analyzing densely-sampled
    time-series data, such as EEG data, using permutation testing (Maris & Oostenveld 2007)
    <doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.03.024>. These permutation tests can help identify the timepoints
    where significance of an effects begins and ends, and the results can be plotted in various
    types of heatmap for reporting.
Tools that allow developers to write functions for
        prediction error estimation with minimal programming effort and
        assist users with model selection in regression problems.
Translate words from English to Persian (Over 67,000
        words)
Automated identification of printed array positions from high content 
    microscopy images and the export of those positions as individual images 
    written to output as multi-layered tiff files.
Provides functions for fitting and validation of subgroup
    identification and personalized medicine models under the general subgroup
    identification framework of Chen et al. (2017) <doi:10.1111/biom.12676>.
    This package is intended for use for both randomized controlled trials and
    observational studies.
Visualizes treatment effects using person icons, similar to Cates (NNT) charts.
Provides a robust framework for analyzing the extent to which differential survival with respect to higher level trait variation is reducible to lower level variation. In addition to its primary test, it also provides functions for simulation-based power analysis, reading in common data set formats, and visualizing results. Temporarily contains an edited version of function hr.mcp() from package 'wild1', written by Glen Sargeant. For tutorial see: http://evolve.zoo.ox.ac.uk/Evolve/Perspectev.html.
"perturb" evaluates collinearity by adding random noise to
        selected variables. "colldiag" calculates condition numbers and
        variance decomposition proportions to test for collinearity and
        uncover its sources.
The perturbR() function incrementally perturbs network edges (using the   rewireR function)and compares the resulting community detection solutions 
    from the rewired networks with the solution found for the original network. 
    These comparisons aid in understanding the stability of the 
    original solution. The package requires symmetric, weighted (specifically, count) matrices/networks.
Single item and composite pesticide residue measurements
        of fifteen commodity-pesticide combinations plus analytical
        tools.
Implementation of different analytic/direct and 
 iterative reconstruction methods of radon transformed data
 such as PET data. It also offer the possibility to simulate PET data.
Wrapper of the 'Petfinder API' <https://www.petfinder.com/developers/api-docs> that implements 
  methods for interacting with and extracting data from the 'Petfinder' database. The 'Petfinder 
  REST API' allows access to the 'Petfinder' database, one of the largest online, searchable 
  databases of adoptable animals and animal welfare organizations across North America.
Calculates the relative growth rate (RGR) of a series of individuals by building a life table and solving the Lotka-Birch equation. (See Birch, L. C. 1948. The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population. - Journal of Animal Ecology 17: 15-26) <doi:10.2307/1605>.
Functions for the construction of Petri Nets. Petri Nets can be replayed by firing enabled transitions.
     Silent transitions will be hidden by the execution handler. Also includes functionalities for the visualization of Petri Nets and
     export of Petri Nets to PNML (Petri Net Markup Language) files.
Application that retrieves papers metadata from the OnePetro website.
    Thousands of papers on oil and gas live in OnePetro. By retrieving metadata 
    from the search queries, a summary of papers that match the
    query words, can be retrieved for further analysis and text mining. There 
    are some statistics and data mining provided such as word cloud plots, keywords 
    frequency, conversion to corpus document, and removal of common usage words.
    OnePetro link: <https://www.onepetro.org/>.
Reproducible, programmatic retrieval of survey datasets from the
    Pew Research Center.
Eco-phylogenetic and community phylogenetic analyses.
    Keeps community ecological and phylogenetic data matched up and
    comparable using 'comparative.comm' objects. Wrappers for common
    community phylogenetic indices ('pez.shape', 'pez.evenness',
    'pez.dispersion', and 'pez.dissimilarity' metrics). Implementation
    of Cavender-Bares (2004) correlation of phylogenetic and
    ecological matrices ('fingerprint.regression'). Phylogenetic
    Generalised Linear Mixed Models (PGLMMs; 'pglmm') following Ives &
    Helmus (2011) and Rafferty & Ives (2013). Simulation of null
    assemblages, traits, and phylogenies ('scape', 'sim.meta.comm').
Estimate the false discovery proportion (FDP) by Principal Factor Approximation method with general known and unknown covariance dependence.
This work is an extension of the state space model for Poisson count data, Poisson-Gamma model, towards a semiparametric specification. Just like the generalized additive models (GAM), cubic splines are used for covariate smoothing. The semiparametric models are fitted by an iterative process that combines maximization of likelihood and backfitting algorithm.
Fits penalized generalized estimating equations to longitudinal data with high-dimensional covariates.
Perform simultaneous estimation and variable selection for correlated bivariate
    mixed outcomes (one continuous outcome and one binary outcome per cluster) using
    penalized generalized estimating equations. In addition, clustered Gaussian and binary
    outcomes can also be modeled. The SCAD, MCP, and LASSO penalties are supported.
    Cross-validation can be performed to find the optimal regularization parameter(s).
Set of tools for reading, writing and transforming spatial and seasonal data in ecology, model selection and specific statistical tests. It includes functions to discretize polylines into regular point intervals, link observations to those points, compute geographical coordinates at regular intervals between waypoints, read subsets of big rasters, compute zonal statistics or table of categories within polygons or circular buffers from raster. The package also provides miscellaneous functions for model selection, spatial statistics, geometries, writing data.frame with Chinese characters, and some other functions for field ecologists.
Estimation of panel models for glm-like models: this includes binomial models (logit and probit) count models (poisson and negbin) and ordered models (logit and probit).
Based on the Generalized Least Square model for
        comparative Phylogenetics (ref).
Construction method of nested resolvable designs from 
    a projective geometry defined on Galois field of order 2. The obtained
    Resolvable designs are used to build uniform design. The presented results
    are based on <https://eudml.org/doc/219563> and A. Boudraa et al. (See references).
This is an R and C code implementation of the New-SP and New-JGL method of Gao et al. (2016) <DOI:10.1214/16-EJS1135> to perform model-based clustering and multiple graph estimation.
Carries out model-based clustering or classification using parsimonious Gaussian mixture models. McNicholas and Murphy (2008) <doi:10.1007/s11222-008-9056-0>, McNicholas (2010) <doi:10.1016/j.jspi.2009.11.006>, McNicholas and Murphy (2010) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btq498>, McNicholas et al. (2010) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2009.02.011>.
Evaluation of the pdf and the cdf of the univariate,
        noncentral, p-generalized normal distribution. Sampling from
        the univariate, noncentral, p-generalized normal distribution
        using either the p-generalized polar method, the p-generalized
        rejecting polar method, the Monty Python method, the Ziggurat
        method or the method of Nardon and Pianca. The package also
        includes routines for the simulation of the bivariate,
        p-generalized uniform distribution and the simulation of the
        corresponding angular distribution.
Implements a general framework for creating dependency graphs using projection. Both lasso and sparse additive model projections are implemented. Both Pearson correlation and distance covariance are used to generate the graph.
Provides functions to aid the identification of probable/possible
    duplicates in Plant Genetic Resources (PGR) collections using
    'passport databases' comprising of information records of each constituent
    sample. These include methods for cleaning the data, creation of a
    searchable Key Word in Context (KWIC) index of keywords associated with
    sample records and the identification of nearly identical records with
    similar information by fuzzy, phonetic and semantic matching of keywords.
Computation of mean squared errors of stereological predictors.
An implementation of Bayesian single-arm phase II design methods for binary outcome based on posterior
  probability (Thall and Simon (1994) <doi:10.2307/2533377>) and predictive probability (Lee and Liu (2008) <doi:10.1177/1740774508089279>).
Calculate the Bayesian posterior/predictive probability and
    determine the sample size and stopping boundaries for single-arm Phase II design.
Provide multinomial design methods under intersection-union test (IUT) and union-intersection test (UIT) scheme for Phase II trial. The design types include : Minimax (minimize the maximum sample size), Optimal (minimize the expected sample size), Admissible (minimize the Bayesian risk) and Maxpower (maximize the exact power level).
Package contains methods for estimation of phylogenetic trees and
    networks using Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony, distance methods and
    Hadamard conjugation. Allows to compare trees, models selection and offers
    visualizations for trees and split networks.
Pareto front based statistical tool for detecting heterogeneity in gene sets and biological modules from time-course data. Details about this method are described in Gu, J., et al. (2017) <doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx348>: Phantom: investigating heterogeneous gene sets in time-course data.
This package contains functions performing power calculations for mixed (sparse/dense sampled) pharmacokinetic study designs. The input data for these functions is tailored for NONMEM .phi files.
Contains three simulation functions for implementing the entire Phase 123 trial and the separate Eff-Tox and Phase 3 portions of the trial, which may be beneficial for use on clusters. The functions AssignEffTox() and RandomizeEffTox() assign doses to patient cohorts during phase 12 and Reoptimize() determines the optimal dose to continue with during Phase 3. The functions ReturnMeansAgent() and ReturnMeanControl() gives the true mean survival for the agent doses and control and ReturnOCS() gives the operating characteristics of the design.
Implements our Bayesian phase I repeated measurement design that accounts for multidimensional toxicity endpoints from multiple treatment cycles. The package also provides a novel design to account for both multidimensional toxicity endpoints and early-stage efficacy endpoints in the phase I design. For both designs, functions are provided to recommend the next dosage selection based on the data collected in the available patient cohorts and to simulate trial characteristics given design parameters. Yin, Jun, et al. (2017) <doi:10.1002/sim.7134>.
phaseR is an R package for the qualitative analysis of one and
   two dimensional autonomous ODE systems, using phase plane methods. Programs
   are available to identify and classify equilibrium points, plot the
   direction field, and plot trajectories for multiple initial conditions. In
   the one dimensional case, a program is also available to plot the phase
   portrait. Whilst in the two dimensional case, additionally a program is
   available to plot nullclines. Many example systems are provided for the
   user.
Functions to perform Bayesian inference on absorption time
        data for Phase-type distributions.  Plans to expand this to
        include frequentist inference and simulation tools.
PHATE is a tool for visualizing high dimensional single-cell data
  with natural progressions or trajectories. PHATE uses a novel conceptual framework
  for learning and visualizing the manifold inherent to biological systems in which
  smooth transitions mark the progressions of cells from one state to another.
  To see how PHATE can be applied to single-cell RNA-seq datasets from hematopoietic
  stem cells, human embryonic stem cells, and bone marrow samples, check out our preprint on bioRxiv
  at <http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/03/24/120378>.
phcfM is an R package for modelling anthropogenic
        deforestation. It was initially developed to obtain REDD+
        baseline scenarios of deforestation for the "programme
        holistique de conservation des forets a Madagascar" (from which
        the package is named after). Parameter inference is done in a
        hierarchical Bayesian framework. Markov chains Monte Carlo
        (MCMC) are coded in C++ using the Scythe statistical library to
        maximize computation efficiency.
Implementation of heatmaps that offers more control
    over dimensions and appearance.
An alternative to carrying out phenotypic adaptability and stability analyses, taking into account nonparametric statistics. Can be used as a robust approach, less sensitive to departures from common genotypic, environmental, and GxE effects data assumptions (e.g., normal distribution of errors).
Provides some easy-to-use functions for 
	spatial analyses of (plant-) phenological data 
	sets and satellite observations of vegetation.
Provides functions to estimate the size-controlled phenotypic integration index, a novel method by Torices & Méndez (2014) to solve problems due to individual size when estimating integration (namely, larger individuals have larger components, which will drive a correlation between components only due to resource availability that might obscure the observed measures of integration). In addition, the package also provides the classical estimation by Wagner (1984), bootstrapping and jackknife methods to calculate confidence intervals and a significance test for both integration indices.
Provides functions to preprocess phenological data, for modelling and result handling.
Provides some easy-to-use functions for time series
        analyses of (plant-) phenological data sets. These functions
        mainly deal with the estimation of combined phenological time
        series and are usually wrappers for functions that are already
        implemented in other R packages adapted to the special
        structure of phenological data and the needs of phenologists.
        Some date conversion functions to handle Julian dates are also
        provided.
High-throughput generation of genetic markers from molecular phenotypes for crosses between inbred strains. These markers can be use to saturate existing genetic map or creating a new one.
Programmatic interface to the 'PhenoCam' web services (<http://phenocam.sr.unh.edu>).
    Allows for easy downloading of 'PhenoCam' data directly to your R workspace
    or your computer and provides post-processing routines for consistent and easy
    timeseries outlier detection, smoothing and estimation of phenological transition dates.
    Methods for this package are described in detail in Hufkens et. al (2018) <doi:10.1111/2041-210X.12970>.
Using the Bayesian state-space approach, we developed a continuous development model to quantify dynamic incremental changes in the response variable. While the model was originally developed for daily changes in forest green-up, the model can be used to predict any similar process. The CDM can capture both timing and rate of nonlinear processes. Unlike statics methods, which aggregate variations into a single metric, our dynamic model tracks the changing impacts over time. The CDM accommodates nonlinear responses to variation in predictors, which changes throughout development.
Functions used to fit and test the phenology of species based on counts.
This tool projects annual phenology metrics and long-term phenology trends, following methodologies described in John (2016) <https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/13521clj5135>.
A collection of functions to process digital images, depict greenness index trajectories and extract relevant phenological stages.
Simulation is a critical part of method development and assessment
    in quantitative genetics. 'PhenotypeSimulator' allows for the flexible 
    simulation of phenotypes under different models, including genetic variant 
    and  infinitesimal genetic effects (reflecting population structure) as well 
    as non-genetic covariate effects, observational noise and additional 
    correlation effects. The different phenotype components are combined into a 
    final phenotype while controlling for the proportion of variance explained 
    by each of the components. For each effect component, the number of 
    variables, their distribution and the design of their effect across traits 
    can be customised. For the simulation of the genetic effects, external 
    genotype data from a number of standard software ('plink', 'hapgen2'/
    'impute2', 'genome', 'bimbam', simple text files) can be imported. The final 
    simulated phenotypes and its components can be automatically saved into .rds 
    or .csv files. In addition, they can be saved in formats compatible with 
    commonly used genetic association software ('gemma', 'bimbam', 'plink', 
    'snptest').
Provides tools for the evaluation of the goodness of fit and the predictive capacity of the proportional hazards model.
Analysis of terms in linear, generalized and mixed linear models, 
	on the basis of multiple comparisons of factor contrasts.  Specially suited 
	for the analysis of interaction terms.
Analysis of features by phi delta diagrams. In particular, functions for reading data and calculating phi and delta as well as the functionality to plot it. Moreover it is possible to do further analysis on the data by generating rankings. For more information on phi delta diagrams, see also Giuliano Armano (2015) <doi:10.1016/j.ins.2015.07.028>.
Computes 46 optimized distance and similarity measures for comparing probability functions. These comparisons between probability functions have their foundations in a broad range of scientific disciplines from mathematics to ecology. The aim of this package is to provide a core framework for clustering, classification, statistical inference, goodness-of-fit, non-parametric statistics, information theory, and machine learning tasks that are based on comparing univariate or multivariate probability functions.
Convert English letters to numbers or numbers to English letters as 
    on a telephone keypad. When converting letters to numbers, a character 
    vector is returned with "A," "B," or "C" becoming 2, "D," "E", or "F" 
    becoming 3, etc. When converting numbers to letters, a character vector is 
    returned with multiple elements (i.e., "2" becomes a vector of "A," "B," and 
    "C").
Provides a collection of phonetic algorithms including
    Soundex, Metaphone, NYSIIS, Caverphone, and others.
Tools for phoneticians and phonologists, including functions for normalization and plotting of vowels.
Contains tools for the organization, display, and analysis of the sorts of data frequently encountered in phonetics research and experimentation, including the easy creation of IPA vowel plots, and the creation and manipulation of WAVE audio files.
Definitions of classes, methods, operators and functions for use in
    photobiology and radiation meteorology and climatology. Calculation of
    effective (weighted) and not-weighted irradiances/doses, fluence rates,
    transmittance, reflectance, absorptance, absorbance and diverse
    ratios and other derived quantities from spectral data. Local maxima and
    minima. Conversion between energy- and photon-based units. Wavelength
    interpolation. Astronomical calculations related solar angles and day
    length. Colours and vision. This package is part of the
    'r4photobiology' suite, Aphalo P. J. (2015) <doi:10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14>.
A data only package with spectral 'transmittance' data for 
    frequently used filters and similar materials. Plastic sheets and films; 
    optical glass and ordinary glass and some labware.
Functions for reading, and in some cases writing, foreign files 
    containing spectral data from spectrometers and their associated software, 
    output from daylight simulation models in common use, and some spectral 
    data repositories. As well as functions for exchange of spectral data with 
    other R packages. Part of the 'r4photobiology' suite, 
    Aphalo P. J. (2015) <doi:10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14>.
Spectral emission data for some frequently used lamps excluding 
    led emitting diodes (LEDs) available as electronic components. Original 
    spectral irradiance data for incandescent-, LED- and discharge lamps are 
    included. They are complemented by data on the effect of temperature on
    the emission by fluorescent tubes.
Spectral emission data for some frequently used light emitting
    diodes.
Provides functions for quantifying visible (VIS) and ultraviolet
    (UV) radiation in relation to the photoreceptors Phytochromes,
    Cryptochromes, and UVR8 which are present in plants. It also
    includes data sets on the optical properties of plants.
Spectral response data for broadband ultraviolet and visible
    radiation sensors. Different data sources were used: author-supplied data
    from scientific research papers, sensor-manufacturer supplied data, and
    published sensor specifications. Part of the 'r4photobiology' suite
    Aphalo P. J. (2015) <doi:10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14>.
Data for the extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance and ground 
    level solar spectral irradiance and irradiance. In addition data for 
    shade light under vegetation and irradiance time series.  Part of the 
    'r4photobiology' suite, Aphalo P. J. (2015) <doi:10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14>.
Constructors of waveband objects for commonly used biological
    spectral weighting functions (BSWFs) and for different wavebands describing
    named ranges of wavelengths in the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS)
    and infrared (IR) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Simple noun phrase extraction using part-of-speech information.
    Takes a collection of un-processed documents as input and returns a set of noun
    phrases associated with those documents.
A geochemical modeling program developed by the US Geological
    Survey that is designed to perform a wide variety of aqueous geochemical
    calculations, including speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional
    reactive-transport, and inverse geochemical calculations.
The package provides estimation procedures for panel data with large dimensions n, T, and general forms of unobservable heterogeneous effects. Particularly, the estimation procedures are those of Bai (2009) and Kneip, Sickles, and Song (2012), which complement one another very well: both models assume the unobservable heterogeneous effects to have a factor structure. The method of Bai (2009) assumes that the factors are stationary, whereas the method of Kneip et al. (2012) allows the factors to be non-stationary. Additionally, the 'phtt' package provides a wide range of dimensionality criteria in order to estimate the number of the unobserved factors simultaneously with the remaining model parameters.
Assessment of habitat selection by means of the permutation-based combination of sign tests (Fattorini et al., 2014 <DOI:10.1007/s10651-013-0250-7>). To exemplify the application of this procedure, habitat selection is assessed for a population of European Brown Hares settled in central Italy.
Make it easy to review, download and execute scripts stored in Github
  'phuse-scripts' repository <https://github.com/phuse-org/phuse-scripts>. Some examples
  included show the web application framework using the script metadata. The 'PhUSE'
  is Pharmaceutical Users Software Exchange <http://www.phuse.eu>.
A collection of several pharmacovigilance signal detection methods extended to the multiple comparison setting.
Calls 'Phoenix NLME' (non-linear mixed effects), a population
    modeling and simulation software, for pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
    analyses and conducts post-processing of the results. This includes creation of
    various diagnostic plots, bootstrap and visual predictive checks. See <http://
    www.certara.com/software/pkpd-modeling-and-simulation/phoenix-nlme/> for more
    information about 'Phoenix NLME'.
Implementation the outbreak analysis method described by 
    Klinkenberg et al (2017) <doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005495>. 
    Simulate outbreaks, analyse datasets by creating samples from the 
    posterior distribution with a Markov-Chain Monte Carlo sampler, 
    and summarize the output.
Phylogenetic clustering (phyloclustering) is an evolutionary
        Continuous Time Markov Chain model-based approach to identify
        population structure from molecular data without assuming
        linkage equilibrium. The package phyclust (Chen 2011) provides a
        convenient implementation of phyloclustering for DNA and SNP data,
        capable of clustering individuals into subpopulations and identifying
        molecular sequences representative of those subpopulations. It is
        designed in C for performance, interfaced with R for visualization,
        and incorporates other popular open source programs including
        ms (Hudson 2002) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/18.2.337>,
        seq-gen (Rambaut and Grassly 1997)
        <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/13.3.235>,
        Hap-Clustering (Tzeng 2005) <doi:10.1002/gepi.20063> and
        PAML baseml (Yang 1997, 2007) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/13.5.555>,
        <doi:10.1093/molbev/msm088>,
        for simulating data, additional analyses, and searching the best tree.
        See the phyclust website for more information, documentations and
        examples.
Based on (but not identical to) the no-longer-maintained package 'phyext', provides enhancements to 'phylobase' classes, specifically for use by package 'SigTree'; provides classes and methods which help users manipulate branch-annotated trees (as in 'SigTree'); also provides support for a few other extra features.
Enables rapid calculation of phylogenetic information content using the latest advances in phylogenetic informativeness based theory. These advances include modifications that incorporate uneven branch lengths and any model of nucleotide substitution to provide assessments of the phylogenetic utility of any given dataset or dataset partition. Also provides new tools for data visualization and routines optimized for rapid statistical calculations, including approaches making use of Bayesian posterior distributions and parallel processing. Users can apply these approaches toward screening datasets for phylogenetic/genomic information content.
The spatial interpolation of genetic distances between
	     samples is based on a modified kriging method that
	     accepts a genetic distance matrix and generates a map of
	     probability of lineage presence. This package also offers
	     tools to generate a map of  potential contact zones
	     between groups with user-defined thresholds in the tree
	     to account for old and recent divergence. Additionally,
	     it has functions for IDW interpolation using genetic data
	     and midpoints.
Provides a base S4 class for comparative methods, incorporating
    one or more trees and trait data.
Create and customize interactive phylogenetic trees using the 'phylocanvas' JavaScript library and the 'htmlwidgets' package. These trees can be used directly from the R console, from 'RStudio', in Shiny apps, and in R Markdown documents.  See <http://phylocanvas.org/>  for more information on the 'phylocanvas' library.
Implements some methods in phyloclimatic modeling: 
  estimation of ancestral climatic niches, age-range-correlation, 
  niche equivalency test and background-similarity test.
Tools for studying the evolution of high-dimensional traits
    (morphometric, function-valued, etc.) including ancestral state reconstruction,
    estimating phylogenetic signal, and assessing correlated trait evolution. Visit
    <http://www.phylocurve.org> for more information.
Implementation of the automatic shift detection method for
    Brownian Motion (BM) or Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) models of trait evolution on
    phylogenies. Some tools to handle equivalent shifts configurations are also
    available.
Manipulation and analysis of phylogenetically simulated
        data sets and phylogenetically based analyses using GLS.
Contains functions for importing and exporting 'dendrogram' 
    objects in parenthetic text format, as well as several 
    functions for command-line tree manipulation.
Phyloland package models a space colonization process mapped onto a phylogeny, it aims at estimating limited dispersal and ecological competitive exclusion in a Bayesian MCMC statistical phylogeographic framework (please refer to phyloland-package help for details.)
Provides functions for fitting phylogenetic linear models and phylogenetic generalized linear models. The computation uses an algorithm that is linear in the number of tips in the tree. The package also provides functions for simulating continuous or binary traits along the tree. Other tools include functions to test the adequacy of a population tree.
Given a phylogenetic tree T and an assemblage S of species represented as 
             a subset of tips in T, we want to compute a measure of the diversity 
             of the species in S with respect to T. The current package offers 
             efficient algorithms that can process large phylogenetic data for several such measures. 
             Most importantly, the package includes algorithms for computing 
             efficiently the standardized versions of phylogenetic measures and their p-values, which are 
             essential for null model comparisons. Among other functions, 
             the package provides efficient computation of richness-standardized versions 
             for indices such as the net relatedness index (NRI), 
             nearest taxon index (NTI), phylogenetic
             diversity index (PDI), and the corresponding indices of two-sample measures. 
             The package also introduces a new
             single-sample measure, the Core Ancestor Cost (CAC); the package provides
             functions for computing the value and the standardised index of the CAC and,
             more than that, there is an extra function available that can compute exactly 
             any statistical moment of the measure. The package supports computations
             under different null models, including abundance-weighted models.
Provides functions to estimate statistical errors of phylogenetic
    metrics particularly to detect binary trait influence on diversification, as
    well as a function to simulate trees with fixed number of sampled taxa and trait
    prevalence.
A comprehensive and easy to use R implementation of confirmatory
    phylogenetic path analysis as described by Von Hardenberg and Gonzalez-Voyer
    (2012) <doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01790.x>.
Provides functions for graph-based multiple-sample
    testing and visualization of microbiome data, in particular data
    stored in 'phyloseq' objects. The tests are based on those
    described in Friedman and Rafsky (1979)
    <http://www.jstor.org/stable/2958919>, and the tests are described
    in more detail in Callahan et al. (2016)
    <doi:10.12688/f1000research.8986.1>.
A collection of tools to explore the phylogenetic signal in univariate and multivariate data. The package provides functions to plot traits data against a phylogenetic tree, different measures and tests for the phylogenetic signal, methods to describe where the signal is located and a phylogenetic clustering method.
An extensible object-oriented framework for the Monte Carlo simulation of sequence evolution written in 100 percent R. It is built on the top of the R.oo and ape packages and uses Gillespie's direct method to simulate substitutions, insertions and deletions.
Functions to read and write APE-compatible phylogenetic
  trees in NEXUS and Newick formats, while preserving annotations.
A collection of tools for building RAxML supermatrix using
             PHYLIP or aligned FASTA files. These functions will be
             useful for building large phylogenies using multiple markers.
Tools for calculating and viewing topological properties of phylogenetic trees.
Use topological or taxonomic information to maximize the overlap of phylogenetic and comparative data.
Provides general linear model facilities (single y-variable, multiple x-variables with arbitrary mixture of continuous and categorical and arbitrary interactions) for cross-species data. The method is, however, based on the nowadays rather uncommon situation in which uncertainty about a phylogeny is well represented by adopting a single polytomous tree. The theory is in A. Grafen (1989, Proc. R. Soc. B 326, 119-157) and aims to cope with both recognised phylogeny (closely related species tend to be similar) and unrecognised phylogeny (a polytomy usually indicates ignorance about the true  sequence of binary splits).
Contains a function to categorize accelerometer readings collected in free-living (e.g., for 24 hours/day for 7 days), preprocessed and compressed as counts (unit-less value) in a specified time period termed epoch (e.g., 1 minute) as either bedrest (sleep) or active.  The input is a matrix with a timestamp column and a column with number of counts per epoch. The output is the same dataframe with an additional column termed bedrest. In the bedrest column each line (epoch) contains a function-generated classification 'br' or 'a' denoting bedrest/sleep and activity, respectively.  The package is designed to be used after wear/nonwear marking function in the 'PhysicalActivity' package.
It provides a function "wearingMarking" for classification of monitor
    wear and nonwear time intervals in accelerometer data collected to assess
    physical activity. The package also contains functions for making plot for 
    accelerometer data and obtaining the summary of various information including 
    daily monitor wear time and the mean monitor wear time during valid days.      
    The revised package version 0.2-1 improved the functions in the previous version
    regarding speed and robustness. In addition, several functions were added: 
    "markDelivery" can classify days for ActiGraph delivery by mail; 
    "markPAI" can categorize physical activity intensity level based on user-defined 
    cut-points of accelerometer counts. It also supports importing ActiGraph AGD files 
    with "readActigraph" and "queryActigraph" functions. The package also better supports
    time zones and daylight saving.
A variety of formulae are provided for estimation of height,
    weight and fluid compartments of adults and children. Each formula is
    referenced to the original publication. Warnings can be given for
    estimation based on input data outside of normal ranges. Future functions
    will cover more material with a focus on anaesthesia, critical
    care and peri-operative medicine.
A wide range of functions for phylogenetic analysis. Functionality is concentrated in phylogenetic comparative biology, but also includes a diverse array of methods for visualizing, manipulating, reading or writing, and even inferring phylogenetic trees and data. Included among the functions in phylogenetic comparative biology are various for ancestral state reconstruction, model-fitting, simulation of phylogenies and data, and multivariate analysis. There are a broad range of plotting methods for phylogenies and comparative data which include, but are not restricted to, methods for mapping trait evolution on trees, for projecting trees into phenotypic space or a geographic map, and for visualizing correlated speciation between trees. Finally, there are a number of functions for reading, writing, analyzing, inferring, simulating, and manipulating phylogenetic trees and comparative data not covered by other packages. For instance, there are functions for randomly or non-randomly attaching species or clades to a phylogeny, for estimating supertrees or consensus phylogenies from a set, for simulating trees and phylogenetic data under a range of models, and for a wide variety of other manipulations and analyses that phylogenetic biologists might find useful in their research.
Fits PE and RLC data to one of a four published PE models.
	Simulates incident irradiance as a function of time and space.
	Calculates phytoplankton production by transposing modeled PE or RLC data 
	to a water column with a user-defined theoretical in-situ irradiance field.
Functions for phylocom integration, community analyses, null-models, traits and evolution. Implements numerous ecophylogenetic approaches including measures of community phylogenetic and trait diversity, phylogenetic signal, estimation of trait values for unobserved taxa, null models for community and phylogeny randomizations, and utility functions for data input/output and phylogeny plotting. A full description of package functionality and methods are provided by Kembel et al. (2010) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btq166>.
Computationally efficient tools for fitting generalized linear models and square root loss linear model with convex or non-convex penalty. Users can enjoy the superior statistical property of non-convex penalty such as SCAD and MCP which has significantly less estimation error and overfitting compared to convex penalty such as lasso and ridge. Computation is handled by multi-stage convex relaxation and the PathwIse CAlibrated Sparse Shooting algOrithm (PICASSO) which exploits warm start initialization, active set updating, and strong rule for coordinate preselection to boost computation, and attains a linear convergence to a unique sparse local optimum with optimal statistical properties. The computation is memory-optimized using the sparse matrix output.
A collection of scripts and data files for the statistics text: 
 "Process Improvement using Data". The package contains code for designed 
 experiments, data sets and other convenience functions used in the book.
This function fits a reversible jump Bayesian piecewise exponential model that also includes the intensity of each event considered along with the rate of events.
Implements piecewise structural equation models.
Uses a generalized method to estimate the Potential Impact Fraction (PIF) and the Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) from cross-sectional data. It creates point-estimates, confidence intervals, and estimates of variance. In addition it generates plots for conducting sensitivity analysis. The estimation method corresponds to  Zepeda-Tello,  Camacho-García-Formentí, et al. 2017. 'Nonparametric Methods to Estimate the Potential Impact Fraction from Cross-sectional Data'. Unpublished manuscript. This package was developed under funding by Bloomberg Philanthropies.
Extension of the 'ARTP' package (Yu, K., et al. (2009) <doi:10.1002/gepi.20422>) for gene- and pathway-environment interaction. A permutation and a parametric bootstrap approaches have been implemented  for investigating gene- and pathway-environment interaction analysis (Truong, T., et al. (2014) <doi:10.1530/ERC-14-0121>).
Fits models of gene expression evolution to expression data from
    coregulated groups of genes, assuming inverse gamma distributed rate
    variation.
Global univariate minimization of Lipschitz functions is performed by using Pijavski method, which was published in Pijavski (1972) <DOI:10.1016/0041-5553(72)90115-2>.
Provides a 'pillar' generic designed for formatting columns
   of data using the full range of colours provided by modern terminals.
Fit a probabilistic index model as described in 
    Thas et al <doi:10.1111/j.1467-9868.2011.01020.x>. The interface to the 
    modeling function has changed in this new version. The old version is
    still available at R-Forge. You can install the old package
    using install.packages('pimold', repos = 'http://R-Forge.R-project.org').
An implementation of prediction intervals for random-effects meta-analysis:
  Higgins et al. (2009) <doi:10.1111/j.1467-985X.2008.00552.x>, Partlett and Riley (2017)
  <doi:10.1002/sim.7140>, and Nagashima et al. (2018) <doi:10.1177/0962280218773520>,
  <arXiv:1804.01054>.
Utilities for fast and stable estimation of the probability of 
 informed trading (PIN) in the model introduced by Easley et al. (2002) 
 <DOI:10.1111/1540-6261.00493> are implemented. Since the basic model developed 
 by Easley et al. (1996) <DOI:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1996.tb04074.x> is nested in the 
 former due to equating the intensity of uninformed buys and sells, functions 
 can also be applied to this simpler model structure, if needed. 
 State-of-the-art factorization of the model likelihood function as well as 
 most recent algorithms for generating initial values for optimization routines are implemented. 
 In total, two likelihood factorizations and three methodologies for 
 starting values are included. 
 Furthermore, functions for simulating datasets of daily aggregated buys and sells, 
 calculating confidence intervals for the probability of informed trading and posterior probabilities 
 of trading days' conditions are available.
Genomic data for the plant pathogen "Phytophthora infestans." It
    includes a variant file ('VCF'), a sequence file ('FASTA') and an annotation file
    ('GFF'). This package is intended to be used as example data for packages that
    work with genomic data.
Check if a remote computer is up. It can either
    just call the system ping command, or check a specified
    TCP port.
An interface to the API by Pinnacle that allows Pinnacle customers to interact with the sports market data in R.See <https://www.pinnacle.com/en/api> for more information. The Pinnacle API can be used to place wagers, retrieve line information, retrieve account information.Please be aware that the TOC of Pinnacle apply <https://www.pinnacle.com/en/termsandconditions>. An account with Pinnacle is necessary to use the Pinnacle API.
Market odds from from Pinnacle, an online sports betting bookmaker (see <https://www.pinnacle.com> for more information). Included are datasets for the Major League Baseball (MLB) 2016 season and the USA election 2016. These datasets can be used to build models and compare statistical information with the information from prediction markets.The Major League Baseball (MLB) 2016 dataset can be used for sabermetrics analysis and also can be used in conjunction with other popular Major League Baseball (MLB) datasets such as Retrosheets or the Lahman package by merging by GameID.
A 'PNAS'-alike style for 'rmarkdown', derived from the
 'Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
 of America' ('PNAS', see <https://www.pnas.org>) 'LaTeX' style, and
 adapted for use with 'markdown' and 'pandoc'.
Provides a robust approach for omics data integration and disease subtyping. It is an improved implementation of PINS - Perturbation clustering for data INtegration and disease Subtyping (Nguyen T, Tagett R, Diaz D, Draghici S, Genome Research, 2017, <doi:10.1101/gr.215129.116>). 'PINSPlus' supports both single and multiple data types. The software automatically determines the optimal number of clusters and then partitions the samples in a way such that the results are robust to noise and data perturbation. 'PINSPlus' is fast and it supports parallel computing on Windows, Linux, and Mac OS.
Implements the Product of Independent beta Probabilities dose Escalation (PIPE) design for dual-agent Phase I trials as described in Mander AP, Sweeting MJ (2015) <DOI:10.1002/sim.6434>.
To take nested function calls and convert them to a more readable form using pipes from package 'magrittr'.
Code for various permutation p-values estimation methods for gene set test. The description of corresponding methods can be found in the dissertation of Yu He(2016) "Efficient permutation P-value estimation for gene set tests" <https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/11849351>. One of the methods also corresponds to the paper "Permutation p-value approximation via generalized Stolarsky invariance" <arXiv:1603.02757>.
A framework for defining 'pipelines' of functions for applying data transformations, 
  model estimation and inverse-transformations, resulting in predicted value generation (or 
  model-scoring) functions that automatically apply the entire pipeline of functions required to go
  from input to predicted output.
Provides various styles of function chaining methods: Pipe
    operator, Pipe object, and pipeline function, each representing a distinct
    pipeline model yet sharing almost a common set of features: A value can be
    piped to the first unnamed argument of a function and to dot symbol in an
    enclosed expression. The syntax is designed to make the pipeline more
    readable and friendly to a wide range of operations.
Generate Predicted Interval Plots.  Simulate and plot
        confidence intervals of an effect estimate given observed data
        and a hypothesis about the distribution of future data.
An implementation of the generated effect modifier (GEM) method. This method constructs composite variables by linearly combining pre-treatment scalar patient characteristics to create optimal treatment effect modifiers in linear models. The optimal linear combination is called a GEM. Treatment is assumed to have been assigned at random. For reference, see E Petkova, T Tarpey, Z Su, and RT Ogden. Generated effect modifiers (GEMs) in randomized clinical trials. Biostatistics (First published online: July 27, 2016, <doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxw035>).
With 'pitchRx', one can easily obtain Major League Baseball Advanced
    Media's 'Gameday' data (as well as store it in a remote database). The
    'Gameday' website hosts a wealth of data in XML format, but perhaps most
    interesting is 'pitchfx'. Among other things, 'pitchfx' data can be used to
    recreate a baseball's flight path from a pitcher's hand to home plate. With
    pitchRx, one can easily create animations and interactive 3D 'scatterplots'
    of the baseball's flight path. 'pitchfx' data is also commonly used to
    generate a static plot of baseball locations at the moment they cross home
    plate. These plots, sometimes called strike-zone plots, can also refer to a
    plot of event probabilities over the same region. 'pitchRx' provides an easy
    and robust way to generate strike-zone plots using the 'ggplot2' package.
A wrapper around the 'Parsing Expression Grammar Template Library', a C++11 library for generating
    Parsing Expression Grammars, that makes it accessible within Rcpp. With this, developers can implement
    their own grammars and easily expose them in R packages.
Extends the 'tidyverse' packages 'dbplyr' and 'tidyr' functionality 
    with pivot(), i.e. spread(), and unpivot(), i.e. gather(), for 
    reshaping remote tables. 
    Currently only 'Microsoft SQL Server' is supported.
Provides an R interface for the Pivotal Data stack
    running on 'PostgreSQL', 'Greenplum' or 'Apache HAWQ (incubating)'
    databases with parallel and distributed computation ability for big data
    processing. 'PivotalR' provides an R interface to various database
    operations on tables or views. These operations are almost the same as
    the corresponding native R operations. Thus users of R do not need
    to learn 'SQL' when they operate on objects in the database. It also
    provides a wrapper for 'Apache MADlib (incubating)', which is an open-
    source library for parallel and scalable in-database analytics.
'Pivotal Tracker' <https://www.pivotaltracker.com> is a project
    management software-as-a-service that provides a REST API. This package
    provides an R interface to that API, allowing you to query it and work with
    its responses.
Create regular pivot tables with just a few lines of R.  
    More complex pivot tables can also be created, e.g. pivot tables
    with irregular layouts, multiple calculations and/or derived 
    calculations based on multiple data frames.  Pivot tables are
    constructed using R only and can be written to a range of
    output formats (plain text, 'HTML', 'Latex' and 'Excel'), 
    including with styling/formatting.
Provides tools to show and draw image pixels using 'HTML' widgets 
  and 'Shiny' applications.  It can be used to visualize the 'MNIST' dataset
  for handwritten digit recognition or to create new image recognition datasets.
The introduction of the 'broom' package has made converting model
    objects into data frames as simple as a single function. While the 'broom'
    package focuses on providing tidy data frames that can be used in advanced
    analysis, it deliberately stops short of providing functionality for reporting
    models in publication-ready tables. 'pixiedust' provides this functionality with
    a programming interface intended to be similar to 'ggplot2's system of layers
    with fine tuned control over each cell of the table. Options for output include
    printing to the console and to the common markdown formats (markdown, HTML, and
    LaTeX). With a little 'pixiedust' (and happy thoughts) tables can really fly.
Functions for import, export, plotting and other
        manipulations of bitmapped images.
Estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters using non-compartmental theory.
Set configuration options on a per-package basis.
    Options set by a given package only apply to that package,
    other packages are unaffected.
"Copy" local R package information to a temporary cloud space and "paste" your favorite R packages to a new environment.
Generate an attractive and useful website from a source package.
    'pkgdown' convert your documentation, vignettes, 'README' and more to 
    'HTML' making it easy to share information about your package online.
Interactively explore various dependencies of a package(s) (on the Comprehensive R Archive Network Like repositories) and perform analysis using tidy philosophy. Most of the functions return a 'tibble' object (enhancement of 'dataframe') which can be used for further analysis. The package offers functions to produce 'network' and 'igraph' dependency graphs. The 'plot' method produces a static plot based on 'ggnetwork' and 'plotd3' function produces an interactive D3 plot based on 'networkD3'.
Provides a function kitten() which creates cute little 
 packages which pass R package checks. This sets it apart from 
 package.skeleton() which it calls, and which leaves imperfect files 
 behind. As this is not exactly helpful for beginners, kitten() offers 
 an alternative.
Provides some low-level utilities to use for package
    development. It currently provides managers for multiple package specific
    options and registries, vignette, unit test and bibtex related utilities.
    It serves as a base package for packages like NMF, RcppOctave, doRNG, and
    as an incubator package for other general purposes utilities, that will
    eventually be packaged separately.
    It is still under heavy development and changes in the interface(s) are
    more than likely to happen.
Tools from the domain of graph theory can be used to quantify the complexity
             and vulnerability to failure of a software package. That is the guiding philosophy
             of this package. 'pkgnet' provides tools to analyze the dependencies between functions
             in an R package and between its imported packages.
PKgraph provides a graphical user interface for population
        pharmacokinetic model diagnosis. It also provides an integrated
        and comprehensive platform for the analysis of pharmacokinetic
        data including exploratory data analysis, goodness of model
        fit, model validation and model comparison. Results from a
        variety of modeling fitting software, including NONMEM,
        Monolix, SAS and R, can be used. PKgraph is programmed in R,
        and uses the R packages lattice, ggplot2 for static graphics,
        and rggobi for interactive graphics.
PKI functions such as verifying certificates, RSA encription and signing which can be used to build PKI infrastructure and perform cryptographic tasks.
Compute standard Non-Compartmental Analysis (NCA)
    parameters and summarize them.  In addition to this core work, it
    also provides standardized plotting routines, basic assessments
    for biocomparison or drug interaction, and model-based estimation
    routines for calculating doses to reach specific values of AUC or
    Cmax.
A toolbox for data management common to pharmacokinetic and
  pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation, such as resampling,
  area-under-the-curve calculation, data chunking, custom csv
  output, and project scaffolding.
Provides functions to evaluate common
        pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models and their gradients.
Conduct a noncompartmental analysis as closely as possible to the most widely used commercial software for pharmacokinetic analysis, i.e. 'Phoenix(R) WinNonlin(R)' <https://www.certara.com/software/pkpd-modeling-and-simulation/phoenix-winnonlin/>.
             Some features are
             1) CDISC SDTM terms
             2) Automatic slope selection with the same criterion of WinNonlin(R)
             3) Supporting both 'linear-up linear-down' and 'linear-up log-down' method
             4) Interval(partial) AUCs with 'linear' or 'log' interpolation method
             * Reference: Gabrielsson J, Weiner D. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Data Analysis - Concepts and Applications. 5th ed. 2016. (ISBN:9198299107).
PKreport aims to 1) provide automatic pipeline for users
        to visualize data and models. It creates a flexible R framework
        with automatically generated R scripts to save time and cost
        for later usage; 2) implement an archive-oriented management
        tool for users to store, retrieve and modify figures. 3) offer
        powerful and convenient service to generate high-quality graphs
        based on two R packages: lattice and ggplot2.
Fitting and testing probabilistic knowledge structures,
  especially the basic local independence model (BLIM, Doignon & Flamagne,
  1999), using the minimum discrepancy maximum likelihood (MDML) method.
A tool for inferring kinase activity changes from 
    phosphoproteomics data. 'pKSEA' uses kinase-substrate 
    prediction scores to weight observed changes in 
    phosphopeptide abundance to calculate a phosphopeptide-level 
    contribution score, then sums up these contribution scores by 
    kinase to obtain a phosphoproteome-level kinase activity 
    change score (KAC score). 'pKSEA' then assesses the 
    significance of changes in predicted substrate abundances for 
    each kinase using permutation testing. This results in a 
    permutation score (pKSEA significance score) reflecting the 
    likelihood of a similarly high or low KAC from random chance, 
    which can then be interpreted in an analogous manner to an 
    empirically calculated p-value. 'pKSEA' contains default 
    databases of kinase-substrate predictions from 'NetworKIN' 
    (NetworKINPred_db) <http://networkin.info> 
    Horn, et. al (2014) <doi:10.1038/nmeth.2968>
    and of known kinase-substrate links from 'PhosphoSitePlus' 
    (KSEAdb) <https://www.phosphosite.org/>
    Hornbeck PV, et. al (2015) <doi:10.1093/nar/gku1267>.
Parallel Line Assays: Completely randomized design,
 Randomized Block design, and Latin squares design.
 Balanced data are fitted as described in the Ph.Eur.
 In the presence of missing values complete data analysis can be
 performed (with computation of Fieller's confidence intervals for
 the estimated potency), or imputation of values can be applied.
 The package contains a script such that a pdf-document with a
 report of an analysis of an assay can be produced from an input file
 with data of the assay. Here no knowledge of R is needed by the user.
A semi-parametric estimation method for the Cox model
    with left-truncated data using augmented information
    from the marginal of truncation times.
The main functions in this package are drive_time
	(used for calculating distances between physical addresses or coordinates) and
	geocode_url (used for estimating the lat/long coordinates
	of a physical address). Optionally, it generates the cryptographic signatures necessary
	for making API calls with a Google for Work/Premium account within the geocoding process.
	These accounts have larger quota limits than the "standard_api" and, thus, this package
	may be useful for individuals seeking to submit large batch jobs within R to the Google Maps API.
	Placement also provides methods for accessing the standard API using a (free) Google API key
	(see: <https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/javascript/get-api-key#get-an-api-key>).
Functions to prepare rankings data and fit the Plackett-Luce model
    jointly attributed to Plackett (1975) <doi:10.2307/2346567> and Luce 
    (1959, ISBN:0486441369). The standard Plackett-Luce model is generalized 
    to accommodate ties of any order in the ranking. Partial rankings, in which 
    only a subset of items are ranked in each ranking, are also accommodated in
    the implementation. Disconnected/weakly connected networks implied by the 
    rankings are handled by adding pseudo-rankings with a hypothetical item. 
    Methods are provided to estimate standard errors or quasi-standard errors 
    for inference as well as to fit Plackett-Luce trees. See the package website
    or vignette for full details.
Supports the creation of 'burndown' charts and 'gantt' diagrams.
Solves the electromagnetic problem of reflection and transmission at a planar multilayer interface. Also computed are the decay rates and emission profile for a dipolar emitter.
Calculates an acceptance sampling plan, (sample size and acceptance number) based in MIL STD 105E, Dodge  Romig and MIL STD 414 tables and procedures. The arguments for each function are related to lot size, inspection level and quality level. The specific plan operating curve (OC), is calculated by the binomial distribution.
Automatic generation of regular factorial designs, including fractional designs, orthogonal block designs, row-column designs and split-plots. Kobilinsky, Monod and Bailey (2017) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2016.09.003>.
Coupled leaf gas exchange model, A-Ci curve simulation and
    fitting, Ball-Berry stomatal conductance models, 
    leaf energy balance using Penman-Monteith, Cowan-Farquhar
    optimization, humidity unit conversions. 
    See Duursma (2015) <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0143346>.
Estimation, prediction, thresholding, transformation, and plotting for partially linear additive quantile regression.  Intuitive functions for fitting and plotting partially linear additive quantile regression models.  Uses and works with functions from the 'quantreg' package.
Aims at detecting single nucleotide variation
    (SNV) and insertion/deletion (INDEL) in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), used
    as a surrogate marker for tumor, at each base position of an Next Generation
    Sequencing (NGS) analysis. Mutations are assessed by comparing the minor-allele
    frequency at each position to the measured PER in control samples.
Contains functions developed to combine the results of querying a plasmid database using
    short-read sequence typing with the results of a blast analysis against the query results.
Creates realistic simulated datasets for causal inference based on a user-supplied example study, Franklin JM, Schneeweiss S, Polinski JM, and Rassen JA (2014) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2013.10.018>. 
              It samples units from the data with replacement, and then simulates the exposure, the outcome, or both, based on the observed covariate values in the real data.
Tools for interacting with data from experiments done in microtiter
    plates. Easily read in plate-shaped data and convert it to tidy format, 
    combine plate-shaped data with tidy data, and view tidy data in plate shape.
Collection of functions for working with multi-well microtitre
    plates, mainly 96, 384 and 1536 well plates.
Implements schemes for estimating player or 
  team skill based on dynamic updating. Implemented methods include 
  Elo, Glicko and Stephenson. Contains pdf documentation of a 
  reproducible analysis using approximately two million chess 
  matches.
A GTK+ graphical user interface for editing and
        interacting with R plots.
Provides a set of functions for interacting with the
    'Pleiades' (<https://pleiades.stoa.org/>) 'API', including 
    getting status data, places data, and creating a 'GeoJSON' 
    based map on 'GitHub' 'gists'.
Perform tests for pleiotropy of multiple traits of various variable types on genotypes for a genetic marker.
Functions for estimating probabilistic latent feature models with a disjunctive, conjunctive or additive mapping rule on (aggregated) binary three-way data.
Provides a graphical user interface for viewing and designing various types of graphs of the data. The graphs can be saved in different formats of an image.
Sequential Monte Carlo inference for fully Bayesian
  Gaussian process (GP) regression and classification models by
  particle learning (PL).  The sequential nature of inference
  and the active learning (AL) hooks provided facilitate thrifty 
  sequential design (by entropy) and optimization
  (by improvement) for classification and
  regression models, respectively.
  This package essentially provides a generic
  PL interface, and functions (arguments to the interface) which
  implement the GP models and AL heuristics.  Functions for 
  a special, linked, regression/classification GP model and 
  an integrated expected conditional improvement (IECI) statistic 
  is provides for optimization in the presence of unknown constraints.
  Separable and isotropic Gaussian, and single-index correlation
  functions are supported.
  See the examples section of ?plgp and demo(package="plgp") 
  for an index of demos
Item response theory based methods are used to compute
        linking constants and conduct chain linking of unidimensional
        or multidimensional tests for multiple groups under a common
        item design.  The unidimensional methods include the Mean/Mean,
        Mean/Sigma, Haebara, and Stocking-Lord methods for dichotomous
        (1PL, 2PL and 3PL) and/or polytomous (graded response, partial
        credit/generalized partial credit, nominal, and multiple-choice
        model) items.  The multidimensional methods include the least
        squares method and extensions of the Haebara and Stocking-Lord
        method using single or multiple dilation parameters for
        multidimensional extensions of all the unidimensional
        dichotomous and polytomous item response models.  The package
        also includes functions for importing item and/or ability
        parameters from common IRT software, conducting IRT true score
        and observed score equating, and plotting item response
        curves/surfaces, vector plots, information plots, and comparison 
        plots for examining parameter drift.
PLIS is a multiple testing procedure for testing several
        groups of hypotheses. Linear dependency is expected from the
        hypotheses within the same group and is modeled by hidden
        Markov Models. It is noted that, for PLIS, a smaller p value
        does not necessarily imply more significance because of
        dependency among the hypotheses. A typical application of PLIS
        is to analyze genome wide association studies datasets, where
        SNPs from the same chromosome are treated as a group and
        exhibit strong linear genomic dependency.
A set of estimators and tests for panel data econometrics.
A set of tools for identifying genes whose differential
        expression is associated with measurements of other covariates
        on a continuous scale.  These methods rely on generalized
        additive partially linear models which can be fitted
        efficiently using a B-spline basis approximation.  Still under
        development: methods for interfacing with objects extending the
        eSet class and a function to pass linear models in edgeR and
        DEseq format.
Fit finite mixtures of Plackett-Luce models for partial top rankings/orderings within the Bayesian framework. It provides MAP point estimates via EM algorithm and posterior MCMC simulations via Gibbs Sampling. It also fits MLE as a special case of the noninformative Bayesian analysis with vague priors. In addition to inferential techniques, the package assists other fundamental phases of a model-based analysis for partial rankings/orderings, by including functions for data manipulation, simulation, descriptive summary, model selection and goodness-of-fit evaluation.
Utilizes the 'lme4' package and the optim() function from 'stats'
    to estimate (generalized) linear mixed models (GLMM) with factor
    structures using a profile likelihood approach, as outlined in
    Jeon and Rabe-Hesketh (2012) <doi:10.3102/1076998611417628>.
    Factor analysis and item response models can be extended to allow
    for an arbitrary number of nested and crossed random effects,
    making it useful for multilevel and cross-classified models.
This package fits the partially linear mixed effects model
        (semiparametric random intercept model) using kernel
        regression, without distributional assumptions for the random
        terms. Estimation procedure is an iterative generalized least
        squares type. A nonparametric heteroskedastic variance function
        is allowed for the regression error. Bootstrap resampling is
        provided for inference. The package implements bandwidth
        selection by an alternative cross validation for correlated
        data.
Performs bivariate composite likelihood and full
        information maximum likelihood estimation for polytomous
        logit-normit (graded logistic) item response theory (IRT)
        models.
A simple header-only logging library for C++.
  Add 'LinkingTo: plogr' to 'DESCRIPTION', and '#include <plogr.h>' in your C++ modules to use it.
Multivariate ordered probit model, i.e. the extension of the scalar ordered probit model where the observed variables have dimension greater than one. Estimation of the parameters is done via maximization of the pairwise likelihood, a special case of the composite likelihood obtained as product of bivariate marginal distributions. The package uses the Fortran 77 subroutine SADMVN by Alan Genz, with minor adaptations made by Adelchi Azzalini in his "mvnormt" package for evaluating the two-dimensional Gaussian integrals involved in the pairwise log-likelihood. Optimization of the latter objective function  is performed via quasi-Newton box-constrained optimization algorithm, as implemented in nlminb.
Functions for viewing 2-D and 3-D data, including perspective plots, slice plots, surface plots, scatter plots, etc. Includes data sets from oceanography.
The 'rgl' implementation of plot3D functions.
When analyzing data, plots are a helpful tool for visualizing data and interpreting statistical models. This package provides a set of simple tools for building plots incrementally, starting with an empty plot region, and adding bars, data points, regression lines, error bars, gradient legends, density distributions in the margins, and even pictures. The package builds further on R graphics by simply combining functions and settings in order to reduce the amount of code to produce for the user. As a result, the package does not use formula input or special syntax, but can be used in combination with default R plot functions. Note: Most of the functions were part of the package 'itsadug', which is now split in two packages: 1. the package 'itsadug', which contains the core functions for visualizing and evaluating nonlinear regression models, and 2. the package 'plotfunctions', which contains more general plot functions.
Provides an interactive plot device for handling the geographic data for web browsers, designed for the automatic creation of web maps as a combination of users' data and Google Maps layers.
Writes sp-class, spacetime-class, raster-class and similar spatial and spatio-temporal objects to KML following some basic cartographic rules.
Examines the characteristics of a data frame and a formula to
    automatically choose the most suitable type of plot out of the following supported
    options: scatter, violin, box, bar, density, hexagon bin, spine plot, and
    heat map. The aim of the package is to let the user focus on what to plot,
    rather than on the "how" during exploratory data analysis. It also automates
    handling of observation weights, logarithmic axis scaling, reordering of
    factor levels, and overlaying smoothing curves and median lines. Plots are
    drawn using 'ggplot2'.
Easily translate 'ggplot2' graphs to an interactive web-based version and/or create custom web-based visualizations directly from R. Once uploaded to a 'plotly' account, 'plotly' graphs (and the data behind them) can be viewed and modified in a web browser.
Includes 'JavaScript' files that allow 'plotly' maps to render without an internet connection.
Markov chain Monte Carlo diagnostic plots. The purpose of the
  package is to combine existing tools from the 'coda' and 'lattice' packages,
  and make it easy to adjust graphical details.
Plot marginal effects for interactions estimated
    from linear models.
Plot model surfaces for a wide variety of models
        using partial dependence plots and other techniques.
        Also plot model residuals and other information on the model.
Plot principal component histograms around a bivariate
        scatter plot.
Useful set of tools for plotting network diagrams in any kind of project.
Creates an envelope around a set of plotted points. The
        envelope is compact with a boundary that is continuous, smooth
        and convex. Each point is represented as a circle and the
        circles and connecting lines are the solution to the multiple
        pulley problem. This method can be used to highlight regions in
        a two-dimensional space.
Lots of plots, various labeling, axis and color scaling functions.
Most ROC curve plots obscure the cutoff values and inhibit
    interpretation and comparison of multiple curves. This attempts to address
    those shortcomings by providing plotting and interactive tools. Functions
    are provided to generate an interactive ROC curve plot for web use, and
    print versions. A Shiny application implementing the functions is also
    included.
Functions for making visual exploratory data analysis with nested data easier.
Contains a graphical user interface to generate the diagnostic
    plots proposed by Bauer (2005; <doi:10.1207/s15328007sem1204_1>), 
    Pek & Chalmers (2015; <doi:10.1080/10705511.2014.937790>), and
    Pek, Chalmers, R. Kok, & Losardo (2015; <doi:10.3102/1076998615589129>) to investigate
    nonlinear bivariate relationships in latent regression models using structural
    equation mixture models (SEMMs).
Small self-contained plots for use in larger plots or to
    delegate plotting in other functions. Also contains a number of
    alternative color palettes and HSL color space based tools to modify
    colors or palettes.
Fit Log Linear by Linear Association models and Rasch family models by pseudolikelihood estimation
This package provides statistical inference tools applied to Partial Linear Regression (PLR)
 models. Specifically, point estimation, confidence intervals estimation, bandwidth selection, goodness-of-fit tests and analysis of
 covariance are considered. 
 Kernel-based methods, combined with ordinary least squares estimation, are used and time series 
 errors are allowed. In addition, these techniques are also implemented for both parametric (linear) 
 and nonparametric regression models.
Multivariate regression methods
	Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), Principal Component
	Regression (PCR) and Canonical Powered Partial Least Squares (CPPLS).
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) biplots, Covariance monoplots
    and biplots, Partial Least Squares (PLS) biplots, Partial Least Squares for
    Generalized Linear Model (PLS-GLM) biplots, Sparse Partial Least Squares
    (SPLS) biplots and Sparse Partial Least Squares for Generalized Linear
    Model (SPLS-GLM) biplots.
plsdepot contains different methods for PLS analysis of
        one or two data tables such as Tucker's Inter-Battery, NIPALS,
        SIMPLS, SIMPLS-CA, PLS Regression, and PLS Canonical Analysis.
        The main reference for this software is the awesome book (in
        French) 'La Regression PLS: Theorie et Pratique' by Michel
        Tenenhaus.
The plsdof package provides Degrees of Freedom estimates
        for Partial Least Squares (PLS) Regression. Model selection for
        PLS is based on various information criteria (aic, bic, gmdl)
        or on cross-validation. Estimates for the mean and covariance
        of the PLS regression coefficients are available. They allow
        the construction of approximate confidence intervals and the
        application of test procedures. Further, cross-validation
        procedures for Ridge Regression and Principal Components
        Regression are available.
Routines for PLS-based genomic analyses,
        implementing PLS methods for classification with
        microarray data and prediction of transcription factor
        activities from combined ChIP-chip analysis. The >=1.2-1
        versions include two new classification methods for microarray
        data: GSIM and Ridge PLS. The >=1.3 versions includes a
        new classification method combining variable selection and
        compression in logistic regression context: logit-SPLS; and
        an adaptive version of the sparse PLS.
Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM)
    analysis for both metric and
    non-metric data, as well as REBUS analysis.
The main objective is to make easy the PLS Path Modeling with R using the package 'plspm'. It compute automatically the inner matrix and the outer list the 'plspm' function need simply by specify the model using formulas.
Computation of sensitivity indexes by using a method based on a truncated Polynomial Chaos Expansion of the response and regression PLS, for computer models with correlated continuous inputs, whatever the input distribution. The truncated Polynomial Chaos Expansion is built from the multivariate Legendre orthogonal polynomials. 
 The number of runs (rows) can be smaller than the number of monomials. It is possible to select only the most significant monomials. 
 Of course, this package can also be used if the inputs are independent. Note that, when they are  independent and uniformly distributed, the package 'polychaosbasics' is more appropriate.
Provides Partial least squares Regression for (weighted) beta regression models and k-fold cross-validation of such models using various criteria. It allows for missing data in the explanatory variables. Bootstrap confidence intervals constructions are also available.
Provides Partial least squares Regression and various regular, sparse or kernel, techniques for fitting Cox models in high dimensional settings.
Provides (weighted) Partial least squares Regression for generalized linear models and repeated k-fold cross-validation of such models using various criteria. It allows for missing data in the explanatory variables. Bootstrap confidence intervals constructions are also available.
Interfaces and methods for variable selection in Partial Least
    Squares. The methods include filter methods, wrapper methods and embedded
    methods. Both regression and classification is supported.
Calculates and depicts probabilistic long-term effects
    in binary models with temporal dependence variables. The package performs
    two tasks. First, it calculates the change in the probability of the event
    occurring given a change in a theoretical variable. Second, it calculates
    the rolling difference in the future probability of the event for two
    scenarios: one where the event occurred at a given time and one where the
    event does not occur. The package is consistent with the recent movement to
    depict meaningful and easy-to-interpret quantities of interest with the
    requisite measures of uncertainty. It is the first to make it easy for
    researchers to interpret short- and long-term effects of explanatory
    variables in binary autoregressive models, which can have important
    implications for the correct interpretation of these models.
Kernel density estimation with global bandwidth selection
	     via "plug-in".
Gives the ability to automatically generate and serve an HTTP API
    from R functions using the annotations in the R documentation around your
    functions.
The base R data.frame, like any vector, is
    copied upon modification. This behavior is at odds with
    that of GUIs and interactive graphics. To rectify this,
    plumbr provides a mutable, dynamic tabular data model.
    Models may be chained together to form the complex
    plumbing necessary for sophisticated graphical
    interfaces. Also included is a
    general framework for linking datasets; an typical
    use case would be a linked brush.
plusser provides an API interface to Google+ so that posts,
    profiles and pages can be automatically retrieved.
A set of tools that solves a common set of problems: you
    need to break a big problem down into manageable pieces, operate on each
    piece and then put all the pieces back together.  For example, you might
    want to fit a model to each spatial location or time point in your study,
    summarise data by panels or collapse high-dimensional arrays to simpler
    summary statistics. The development of 'plyr' has been generously supported
    by 'Becton Dickinson'.
Performs Penalized Multivariate Analysis: a penalized
        matrix decomposition, sparse principal components analysis, and
        sparse canonical correlation analysis, described in the
        following papers: (1) Witten, Tibshirani and Hastie (2009) A
        penalized matrix decomposition, with applications to sparse
        principal components and canonical correlation analysis.
        Biostatistics 10(3):515-534. (2) Witten and Tibshirani (2009)
        Extensions of sparse canonical correlation analysis, with
        applications to genomic data. Statistical Applications in
        Genetics and Molecular Biology 8(1): Article 28.
Implements type constructions and pattern matching.
    Using this package, you can specify a type of object and write functions
    that matches against the structure of objects of such types to program
    data structure transformations more succinctly.
Monte Carlo based model choice for applied phylogenetics of
    continuous traits. Method described in  Carl Boettiger, Graham Coop,
    Peter Ralph (2012) Is your phylogeny informative? Measuring
    the power of comparative methods, Evolution 66 (7)
    2240-51. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01574.x.
Parsimonious Mixtures of Contaminated Gaussian Distributions
Aims to utilize model-based clustering (unsupervised)
        for high dimensional and ultra large data, especially in a distributed
        manner. The code employs 'pbdMPI' to perform a
        expectation-gathering-maximization algorithm
        for finite mixture Gaussian
        models. The unstructured dispersion matrices are assumed in the
        Gaussian models. The implementation is default in the single program
        multiple data programming model. The code can be executed
        through 'pbdMPI' and MPI' implementations such as 'OpenMPI'
        and 'MPICH'.
        See the High Performance Statistical Computing website
	<https://snoweye.github.io/hpsc/>
	for more information, documents and examples.
Note, that the 'PMCMR' package is superseded
	     by the novel 'PMCMRplus' package. The 'PMCMRplus'
	     package contains all functions from 
	     'PMCMR' and many more parametric and non-parametric
	     multiple comparison procedures, one-factorial trend
	     tests, as well as improved method functions, 
	     such as print, summary and plot. 
	     The 'PMCMR' package is no longer maintained,
	     but kept for compatibility of reverse depending
	     packages for some time.
For one-way layout experiments the one-way ANOVA can
	     be performed as an omnibus test. All-pairs multiple comparisons 
	     tests (Tukey-Kramer test, Scheffe test, LSD-test) 
	     and many-to-one tests (Dunnett test) for normally distributed 
	     residuals and equal within variance are available. Furthermore,
	     all-pairs tests (Games-Howell test, Tamhane's T2 test, 
	     Dunnett T3 test, Ury-Wiggins-Hochberg test) and many-to-one
	     (Tamhane-Dunnett Test) for normally distributed residuals 
	     and heterogeneous variances are provided. Van der Waerden's normal
	     scores test for omnibus, all-pairs and many-to-one tests is
	     provided for non-normally distributed residuals and homogeneous
	     variances. The Kruskal-Wallis, BWS and Anderson-Darling
	     omnibus test and all-pairs tests
	     (Nemenyi test, Dunn test, Conover test, Dwass-Steele-Critchlow-
	     Fligner test) as well as many-to-one (Nemenyi test, Dunn test,
	     U-test) are given for the analysis of variance by ranks. 
             Non-parametric trend tests (Jonckheere test, Cuzick test,
	     Johnson-Mehrotra test, Spearman test) are included. 
	     In addition, a Friedman-test for one-way ANOVA with repeated 
	     measures on ranks (CRBD) and Skillings-Mack test for unbalanced 
	     CRBD is provided with consequent all-pairs tests (Nemenyi test, 
	     Siegel test, Miller test, Conover test, Exact test)
	     and many-to-one tests (Nemenyi test, Demsar test, Exact test). 
	     A trend can be tested with Pages's test. Durbin's test 
	     for a two-way balanced incomplete block design (BIBD) is given 
	     in this package as well as Gore's test for CRBD with multiple
	     observations per cell is given.  Outlier tests, Mandel's k- and
	     h statistic as well as functions for Type I error and Power 
	     analysis as well as generic summary, print and plot methods 
             are provided.
Routines for state estimate in a linear
    Gaussian state space model and a simple stochastic volatility model using
    particle filtering. Parameter inference is also carried out in these models
    using the particle Metropolis-Hastings algorithm that includes the particle
    filter to provided an unbiased estimator of the likelihood. This package is 
    a collection of minimal working examples of these algorithms and is only 
    meant for educational use and as a start for learning to them on your own.
Allows to build and train simple Process Mining (PM) models. The aim is to support PM specifically for the clinical domain from both administrative and clinical data.
Miscellaneous functions for data analysis, graphics, data manipulation, statistical investigation, including descriptive statistics, creating leading and lagging variables, portfolio return analysis, time series difference and percentage change calculation, stacking data for higher efficient analysis.
The Predictive Model Markup Language (PMML) is an XML-based
    language which provides a way for applications to define statistical and
    data mining models and to share models between PMML compliant applications.
    More information about PMML and the Data Mining Group can be found at <http://
    www.dmg.org>. The generated PMML can be imported into any PMML consuming
    application, such as the Zementis ADAPA and UPPI scoring engines which allow for
    predictive models built in R to be deployed and executed on site, in the cloud
    (Amazon, IBM, and FICO), in-database (IBM Netezza, Pivotal, Sybase IQ, Teradata
    and Teradata Aster) or Hadoop (Datameer and Hive).
Allows for data to be transformed before using
    it to construct models. Builds structures to allow functions in
    the PMML package to output transformation details in
    addition to the model in the resulting PMML file.
Descriptive statistics (mean rank, pairwise frequencies, and marginal matrix), Analytic Hierarchy Process models (with Saaty's and Koczkodaj's inconsistencies), probability models (Luce models, distance-based models, and rank-ordered logit models) and visualization with multidimensional preference analysis for ranking data are provided. Current, only complete rankings are supported by this package.
Implements multinomial CDF (P(N1<=n1, ..., Nk<=nk)) and tail probabilities (P(N1>n1, ..., Nk>nk)), as well as probabilities with both constraints (P(l1<N1<=u1, ..., lk<Nk<=uk)). Uses a method suggested by Bruce Levin (1981) <doi:10.1214/aos/1176345593>.
Pharmacometric tools for common data analytical tasks; closed-form solutions for calculating concentrations at given 
    times after dosing based on compartmental PK models (1-compartment, 2-compartment and 3-compartment, covering infusions, zero- 
    and first-order absorption, and lag times, after single doses and at steady state, per Bertrand & Mentre (2008) 
    <http://lixoft.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/PKPDlibrary.pdf>); parametric simulation from NONMEM-generated parameter estimates 
    and other output; and parsing, tabulating and plotting results generated by Perl-speaks-NONMEM (PsN).
Provides tools for download, read, and analyse the PNADc
	household survey from Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
	The data must be downloaded from the official website <https://www.ibge.gov.br/>. 
	Further analyses must be made using package 'survey'.
This package provides an easy and simple way to read, write and display bitmap images stored in the PNG format. It can read and write both files and in-memory raw vectors.
An R package for Probit-Normal Marginalized Transition
        Random Effects Models
The program pnn implements the algorithm proposed by
        Specht (1990).  It is written in the R statistical language. It
        solves a common problem in automatic learning. Knowing a set of
        observations described by a vector of quantitative variables,
        we classify them in a given number of groups. Then, the
        algorithm is trained with this datasets and should guess
        afterwards the group of any new observation. This neural
        network has the main advantage to begin generalization
        instantaneously even with a small set of known observations. It
        is delivered with four functions (learn, smooth, perf and
        guess) and a dataset. The functions are documented with
        examples and provided with unit tests.
Provides functions to implement and simulate the partial order continual reassessment method (PO-CRM) of Wages, Conaway and O'Quigley (2011) <doi:10.1177/1740774511408748> for use in Phase I trials of combinations of agents. Provides a function for generating a set of initial guesses (skeleton) for the toxicity probabilities at each combination that correspond to the set of possible orderings of the toxicity probabilities specified by the user.
Estimate large covariance matrices in approximate factor
        models by thresholding principal orthogonal complements.
The data sets used in the online course ,,PogromcyDanych''. You can process data in many ways. The course Data Crunchers will introduce you to this variety. For this reason we will work on datasets of different size (from several to several hundred thousand rows), with various level of complexity (from two to two thousand columns) and prepared in different formats (text data, quantitative data and qualitative data). All of these data sets were gathered in a single big package called PogromcyDanych to facilitate access to them. It contains all sorts of data sets such as data about offer prices of cars, results of opinion polls, information about changes in stock market indices, data about names given to newborn babies, ski jumping results or information about outcomes of breast cancer patients treatment.
Implementation of both the exact and approximation methods for computing the cdf of the Poisson binomial distribution. It also provides the pmf, quantile function, and random number generation for the Poisson binomial distribution.
Implements the methods described in the paper, Witten (2011) Classification and Clustering of Sequencing Data using a Poisson Model, Annals of Applied Statistics 5(4) 2493-2518.
Functions for obtaining the density, random deviates 
             and maximum likelihood estimates of the Poisson lognormal 
             distribution and the bivariate Poisson lognormal distribution.
Validate data in data frames,
    'tibble' objects, in 'CSV' and 'TSV' files,
    and in database tables ('PostgreSQL' and 'MySQL').
    Validation pipelines can be made using
    easily-readable, consecutive validation steps
    and such pipelines allow for switching of the
    data table context. Upon execution of the
    validation plan, several reporting options are
    available. User-defined thresholds for failure
    rates allow for the determination of appropriate
    reporting actions.
The function pointdensity returns a density count and the temporal average for
    every point in the original list. The dataframe returned includes four
    columns: lat, lon, count, and date_avg. The "lat" column is the original
    latitude data; the "lon" column is the original longitude data; the "count"
    is the density count of the number of points within a radius of
    radius*grid_size (the neighborhood); and the date_avg column includes the
    average date of each point in the neighborhood.
Functions to calculate and plot event and pointer years as well as components of resilience. Designed for dendroecological applications, but also suitable to analyze patterns in other ecological time series.
Read and write PO and POT files, for package translations.
Generation of multiple count, binary and continuous variables simultaneously 
             given the marginal characteristics and association structure. Throughout the package,
             the word 'Poisson' is used to imply count data under the assumption of Poisson distribution.
Provides the probability, distribution, and quantile functions and random number generator for the Poisson-Binomial distribution.  This package relies on FFTW to implement the discrete Fourier transform, so that it is much faster than the existing implementation of the same algorithm in R.
Generation of multiple count, binary and ordinal variables simultaneously 
             given the marginal characteristics and association structure. Throughout the package,
             the word 'Poisson' is used to imply count data under the assumption of Poisson distribution.
Generation of a chosen number of count, binary, ordinal, and continuous random variables, with specified correlations and marginal properties.
Generation of multiple count, binary, ordinal and normal variables 
 simultaneously given the marginal characteristics and association structure.
Functions to create confidence intervals for ratios of Poisson
    rates under misclassification using double sampling.
Generation of count (assuming Poisson distribution) and continuous data (using Fleishman polynomials) simultaneously.
Generates multivariate data with count and continuous variables with a pre-specified correlation matrix. The count and continuous variables are assumed to have Poisson and normal marginals, respectively. The data generation mechanism is a combination of the normal to anything principle and a connection between Poisson and normal correlations in the mixture.
Contains functions and classes for simulating, plotting and analysing homogenous and non-homogenous Poisson processes.
High dimensional mixtures of Poisson Generalized Linear models with three different parameterizations of Poisson means are considered. Moreover, partitioning the response variables into a set of blocks is possible. The package estimates parameters via EM algorithm. For an efficient initialization, a random splitting small-EM is introduced.
This package implements a method for normalization,
        testing, and false discovery rate estimation for RNA-sequencing
        data. The description of the method is in Li J, Witten DM,
        Johnstone I, Tibshirani R (2012). Normalization, testing, and
        false discovery rate estimation for RNA-sequencing data.
        Biostatistics 13(3): 523-38. We estimate the sequencing depths
        of experiments using a new method based on Poisson
        goodness-of-fit statistic, calculate a score statistic on the
        basis of a Poisson log-linear model, and then estimate the
        false discovery rate using a modified version of permutation
        plug-in method. A more detailed instruction as well as sample
        data is available at
        http://www.stanford.edu/~junli07/research.html.  In this
        version, we changed the way of calculating log foldchange for
        two-class data. The FDR estimation part remains unchanged.
Type testRoundOfPoker() to demonstrate the game of Texas Hold ‘Em poker.  Rotate the dealer button, deal cards, rank each hand, compare ranks, break ties (if necessary), determine the winner, output a textual summary, and output a graphical user interface.
Latent class analysis and latent class regression models 
    for polytomous outcome variables.  Also known as latent structure analysis.
This package provides easy access to various political data APIs
    directly from R. For example, you can access Google Civic Information API
    (https://developers.google.com/civic-information/) or Sunlight Congress API
    (https://sunlightlabs.github.io/congress/) for US Congress data, and POPONG
    API (http://data.popong.com/) for South Korea National Assembly data.
Bundles the datasets and functions used in the book by Philip Pollock and Barry Edwards, An R Companion to Essentials of Political Analysis, Second Edition.
Detecting markers of politeness in English natural language. This package allows researchers to easily visualize and quantify politeness between groups of documents. This package combines prior research on the linguistic markers of politeness (Brown & Levinson, 1987 <http://psycnet.apa.org/record/1987-97641-000>; Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil et al., 2013 <arXiv:1306.6078>; Voigt et al., 2017 <doi:10.1073/pnas.1702413114>). We thank the Spencer Foundation, the Hewlett Foundation, and Harvard's Institute for Quantitative Social Science for support.
Supports analysis of aerobiological data. 
    Available features include determination of pollen season limits, 
    replacement of outliers (Kasprzyk and Walanus (2014) <doi:10.1007/s10453-014-9332-8>),
    and calculation of growing degree days.
Client for the HuffPost Pollster API, which provides
    access to U.S. polls on elections and political opinion.
Library for corpus analysis using the Corpus Workbench as an
    efficient back end for indexing and querying large corpora. The package offers
    functionality to flexibly create partitions and to carry out basic statistical
    operations (count, co-occurrences etc.). The original full text of documents
    can be reconstructed and inspected at any time. Beyond that, the package is
    intended to serve as an interface to packages implementing advanced statistical
    procedures. Respective data structures (document term matrices, term co-
    occurrence matrices etc.) can be created based on the indexed corpora.
Provides a user-friendly R wrapper on top of the Poloniex (Cryptocurrency Trading) REST API (see <https://poloniex.com/support/api/> for more information).
    Results are converted into R data structures and are returned to the users in an intuitive manner.
    The package provides the users with two separate S4 classes:
    - 'PoloniexPublicAPI': Consists of wrapper methods on top of the Poloniex Public REST API.
    - 'PoloniexTradingAPI': Consists of wrapper methods on top of the Poloniex Trading REST API.
Routines for the polynomial spline fitting routines
  hazard regression, hazard estimation with flexible tails, logspline,
  lspec, polyclass, and polymars, by C. Kooperberg and co-authors.
Functions for evaluating the mass density, cumulative distribution function, quantile function and random variate generation for the Polya-Aeppli distribution, also known as the geometric compound Poisson distribution.
Simulate via Markov chain Monte Carlo (hit-and-run algorithm)
    a Dirichlet distribution conditioned to satisfy a finite set of linear
    equality and inequality constraints (hence to lie in a convex polytope
    that is a subset of the unit simplex).
Computation of sensitivity indexes by using a method based on a truncated Polynomial Chaos Expansions of the response.
 The necessary condition of the method is: the inputs must be uniformly and independently sampled. Since the inputs are uniformly distributed, the truncated Polynomial Chaos Expansion is built from the multivariate Legendre orthogonal polynomials.
Tools for creating, viewing, and assessing qualitative
 palettes with many (20-30 or more) colors.
R port of Angus Johnson's open source library Clipper. Performs polygon clipping operations (intersection, union, set minus, set difference) for polygonal regions of arbitrary complexity, including holes. Computes offset polygons (spatial buffer zones, morphological dilations, Minkowski dilations) for polygonal regions and polygonal lines. Computes Minkowski Sum of general polygons. There is a function for removing self-intersections from polygon data.
Computes polychoric and polyserial correlations by quick "two-step" methods or ML, 
  optionally with standard errors; tetrachoric and biserial correlations are special cases.
The following methods for cubature (numerical integration)
    over polygonal domains are currently implemented:
    the two-dimensional midpoint rule as a simple wrapper around
    as.im.function() from package 'spatstat' (Baddeley and Turner, 2005),
    the product Gauss cubature by Sommariva and Vianello (2007),
    an adaptive cubature for isotropic functions via line integrate()
    along the boundary (Meyer and Held, 2014),
    and quasi-exact methods specific to the integration of the
    bivariate Gaussian density over polygonal and circular domains
    (based on formulae from the Abramowitz and Stegun (1972) handbook).
    For cubature over simple hypercubes, the packages 'cubature' and
    'R2Cuba' are more appropriate.
Implements a Gibbs sampling algorithm to perform Bayesian inference
    on biallelic SNP frequencies, genotypes and heterozygosity (observed and
    expected) in a population of autopolyploids. See the published paper in
    Molecular Ecology Resources: Blischak et al. (2016) <doi:10.1111/1755-0998.12493>.
Use the R console as an interactive learning environment to memorize any two columns dataset.
Creation of linkage maps in polyploid species from marker dosage
    scores of an F1 cross from two heterozygous parents. Currently works for autotriploid, autotetraploid and autohexaploid species, 
    as well as segmental allotetraploids. Methods are described in a preprint manuscript of Bourke et al. (2017) <doi:10.1101/228817>.
A collection of functions to implement a class for univariate
  polynomial manipulations.
Implements univariate polynomial operations in R, including
  polynomial arithmetic, finding zeros, plotting, and some operations on
  lists of polynomials.
Functions to perform paternity exclusion via allele
    matching, in autopolyploid species having ploidy 4, 6, or 8. The
    marker data used can be genotype data (copy numbers known) or
    'allelic phenotype data' (copy numbers not known).
Poly-PK strategy is a new strategy of pharmacokinetic analysis of multi-component drugs (Guoxiang Xie, Tianlu Chen, Wei Jia, et al. (2012)<doi:10.1021/pr300318m>; Ke Lan, Guoxiang Xie and Wei Jia. (2013)<doi:10.1155/2013/819147>). This package is the first implementation of the Poly-PK strategy with 10 easy-to-use functions.
Tools for reshaping, plotting, and manipulating matrices of orthogonal polynomials.
A collection of tools to handle microsatellite data of
 any ploidy (and samples of mixed ploidy) where allele copy number is not
 known in partially heterozygous genotypes.  It can import and export data in
 ABI 'GeneMapper', 'Structure', 'ATetra', 'Tetrasat'/'Tetra', 'GenoDive', 'SPAGeDi',
 'POPDIST', 'STRand', and binary presence/absence formats.  It can calculate
 pairwise distances between individuals using a stepwise mutation model or
 infinite alleles model, with or without taking ploidies and allele frequencies
 into account.  These distances can be used for the calculation of clonal
 diversity statistics or used for further analysis in R.  Allelic diversity
 statistics and Polymorphic Information Content are also available.  polysat can 
 assist the user in estimating the ploidy of samples, and it can estimate allele 
 frequencies in populations, calculate pairwise or global differentiation statistics 
 based on those frequencies, and export allele frequencies to 'SPAGeDi' and 'adegenet'.  
 Functions are also included for assigning alleles to isoloci in cases where one pair 
 of microsatellite primers amplifies alleles from two or more independently
 segregating isoloci.  polysat is described by Clark and Jasieniuk (2011)
 <doi:10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.02985.x> and Clark and Schreier (2016)
 <doi:10.1111/1755-0998.12639>.
Perform classic chi-squared tests and Ripol et al(1999)
             binomial confidence interval approach for autopolyploid
             dominant markers. Also, dominant markers may be generated
             for families of offspring where either one or both of the
             parents possess the marker. Missing values and
             misclassified markers may be generated at random.
Fits Bayesian mixture models to estimate marker dosage for dominant markers in autopolyploids using JAGS (1.0 or greater) as outlined in Baker et al "Bayesian estimation of marker dosage in sugarcane and other autopolyploids" (2010, <doi:10.1007/s00122-010-1283-z>). May be used in conjunction with polySegratio for simulation studies and comparison with standard methods.
This algorithm classifies the trends into linear, quadratic, cubic, concealed and no-trend types. The "concealed trends" are those trends that possess quadratic or cubic forms, but the net change from the start of the time period to the end of the time period hasn't been significant. The "no-trend" category includes simple linear trends with statistically in-significant slope coefficient.
Routines for flexible functional form estimation via basis
    regression, with model selection via the adaptive LASSO or SCAD to prevent
    overfitting.
This package fits a patch occupancy model
POM-aSPU test evaluates an association between an ordinal response and multiple phenotypes, for details see Kim and Pan (2017) <DOI:10.1002/gepi.22033>.
Calculations of an information criterion are proposed to check the quality of simulations results of Agent-based models (ABM/IBM) or other non-linear rule-based models. The POMDEV measure (Pattern Oriented Modelling DEViance) is based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence and likelihood theory. It basically indicates the deviance of simulation results from field observations. Once POMDEV scores and metropolis-hasting sampling on different model versions are effectuated, POMIC scores (Pattern Oriented Modelling Information Criterion) can be calculated. This method could be further developed to incorporate multiple patterns assessment. Piou C, U Berger and V Grimm (2009) <doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.05.003>.
Tools for working with partially observed Markov process (POMP) models (also known as stochastic dynamical systems, hidden Markov models, and nonlinear, non-Gaussian, state-space models).  The package provides facilities for implementing POMP models, simulating them, and fitting them to time series data by a variety of frequentist and Bayesian methods.  It is also a versatile platform for implementation of inference methods for general POMP models.
An implementation of a hybrid method of person-oriented method and perturbation on the model. Pompom is the initials of the two methods. The hybrid method will provide a multivariate intraindividual variability metric (iRAM). The person-oriented method used in this package refers to uSEM (unified structural equation modeling, see Kim et al., 2007, Gates et al., 2010 and Gates et al., 2012 for details). Perturbation on the model was conducted according to impulse response analysis introduced in Lutkepohl (2007). 
    Kim, J., Zhu, W., Chang, L., Bentler, P. M., & Ernst, T. (2007) <doi:10.1002/hbm.20259>. 
    Gates, K. M., Molenaar, P. C. M., Hillary, F. G., Ram, N., & Rovine, M. J. (2010) <doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.117>. 
    Gates, K. M., & Molenaar, P. C. M. (2012) <doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.06.026>. 
    Lutkepohl, H. (2007, ISBN:3540262393).
Finds equivalence classes corresponding to a symmetric relation
    or undirected graph.  Finds total order consistent with partial order
    or directed graph (so-called topological sort).
Enables the creation of object pools, which make it less
    computationally expensive to fetch a new object. Currently the
    only supported pooled objects are 'DBI' connections.
Calculates the pooled mean group (PMG) estimator for dynamic panel data models, as described by Pesaran, Shin and Smith (1999) <doi:10.1080/01621459.1999.10474156>.
Functions for the computation of F-statistics from Pool-Seq data in population genomics studies. The package also includes several utilities to manipulate Pool-Seq data stored in standard format ('vcf' and 'rsync' files as obtained from the popular software 'VarScan' and 'PoPoolation' respectively) and perform conversion to alternative format (as used in the 'BayPass' and 'SelEstim' software).
Functions for calculating power and fitting regression models in studies where a biomarker is measured in "pooled" samples rather than for each individual. Approaches for handling measurement error follow the framework of Schisterman et al. (2010) <doi:10.1002/sim.3823>.
Population dynamic models underpin a range of analyses and applications in ecology and epidemiology. The various approaches for analysing population dynamics models (MPMs, IPMs, ODEs, POMPs, PVA) each require the model to be defined in a different way. This makes it difficult to combine different modelling approaches and data types to solve a given problem. 'pop' aims to provide a flexible and easy to use common interface for constructing population dynamic models and enabling to them to be fitted and analysed in lots of different ways.
Simulate the dynamic of wolf populations using a specific Individual-Based Model (IBM) compiled in C.
Construct and analyze projection matrix models from a demography study of marked individuals classified by age or stage. The package covers methods described in Matrix Population Models by Caswell (2001) and Quantitative Conservation Biology by Morris and Doak (2002).
Tools for modelling populations and demography using matrix projection models,
 with deterministic and stochastic model implementations. Includes population projection,
 indices of short- and long-term population size and growth, perturbation analysis,
 convergence to stability or stationarity, and diagnostic and manipulation tools.
Plot demographic graphs for single/multiple populations from coalescent simulation program input. Currently, this package can support the 'ms', 'msHot', 'MaCS', 'msprime', 'SCRM', and 'Cosi2' simulation programs. It does not check the simulation program input for correctness, but assumes the simulation program input has been validated by the simulation program. More features will be added to this package in the future, please check the 'GitHub' page for the latest updates: <https://github.com/YingZhou001/POPdemog>.
Optimal experimental designs for both population and individual
    studies based on nonlinear mixed-effect models. Often this is based on a
    computation of the Fisher Information Matrix. This package was developed
    for pharmacometric problems, and examples and predefined models are available
    for these types of systems.
Enables computation of epidemiological statistics, including those 
    where counts or mortality rates of the reference population are used. 
    Currently supported: excess hazard models, rates, mean survival times, 
    relative survival, and standardized incidence and mortality ratios 
    (SIRs/SMRs), all of which can be easily adjusted for by covariates such as 
    age. Fast splitting and aggregation of 'Lexis' objects (from package 'Epi') 
    and other computations achieved using 'data.table'.
There are two main purposes to this package. The first is
        to allow batch conversion of Genepop (Rousset 2008) input files
        for use with Arlequin (Excoffier and Lischer 2010), which has a
        simple GUI to analyze batch files. Two commonly used simulation
        software, BottleSim (Kuo & Janzen 2003) and Easypop (Balloux
        2001) produce Genepop output files that can be analyzed this
        way. There are also functions to convert to and from BottleSim
        format, to quickly produce allele frequency tables or to
        convert a file directly for use in ordination analyses (e.g.
        principal component analysis). This package also includes
        functions to calculate allele rarefaction curves, confidence
        intervals on heterozygosity and allelic richness with
        resampling strategies (bootstrap and jackknife).
Provides efficient tools for population genomics data analysis,
	able to process individual loci, large sets of loci, or whole genomes. PopGenome <DOI:10.1093/molbev/msu136> not only 
	implements a wide range of population genetics statistics, but also facilitates the easy 
	implementation of new algorithms by other researchers. PopGenome is optimized for speed via 
	the seamless integration of C code.
Provides beginner friendly framework to analyse population genetic
    data. Based on 'adegenet' objects it uses 'knitr' to create comprehensive reports on spatial genetic data. 
    For detailed information how to use the package refer to the comprehensive
    tutorials or visit <http://www.popgenreport.org/>.
Provides functions to estimate the kinship matrix of individuals from a large set of biallelic SNPs, and extract inbreeding coefficients and the generalized FST (Wright's fixation index).  Method described in Ochoa and Storey (2016) <doi:10.1101/083923>.
Provides a suite of tools for various methods of estimating
    confidence intervals for the mean of selected populations.
Provides objects and accompanying methods which facilitates populating and querying SQLite databases.
Population genetic analyses for hierarchical analysis of partially
    clonal populations built upon the architecture of the 'adegenet' package.
GenAlEx is a popular Excel macro for genetic analysis and the
    'poppr' R package allows import of GenAlEx formatted CSV data for genetic
    data analysis in R. This package allows for the import of GenAlEx formatted
    Excel files, serving as a small 'poppr' add on for those who have trouble or
    simply do not want to export their data into CSV format.
Implements the Bayesian hierarchical model described by Wheldon, Raftery, Clark and Gerland (see: <doi:10.1080/01621459.2012.737729>) for simultaneously estimating age-specific population counts, fertility rates, mortality rates and net international migration flows, at the national level.
State of the art functions for constructing and evaluating self-organizing maps.
Functions to estimate and plot smooth or linear population trends, or population indices, 
    from animal or plant count survey data.
Run population simulations using an Individual-Based Model (IBM) compiled in C.
The main attribute of 'PopVar' is the prediction of genetic variance in bi-parental populations, from which the package derives its name. 'PopVar' contains a set of functions that use phenotypic and genotypic data from a set of candidate parents to 1) predict the mean, genetic variance, and superior progeny value of all, or a defined set of pairwise bi-parental crosses, and 2) perform cross-validation to estimate genome-wide prediction accuracy of multiple statistical models. More details are available in Mohammadi, Tiede, and Smith (2015). Crop Sci. doi:10.2135/cropsci2015.01.0030. A dataset 'think_barley.rda' is included for reference and examples.
Simulate a univariate/multivariate data from seasonal and nonseasonal time series models. It implements the well-known univariate and multivariate portmanteau test statistics based on the asymptotic distributions and the Monte-Carlo significance tests.
Classes for analysing and implementing equity portfolios.
Portfolio optimization and analysis routines and graphics.
R interface to PortfolioEffect cloud service for estimating
    high frequency price variance, quarticity, microstructure noise variance, 
    and other metrics in both aggregate and rolling window flavors. 
    Constructed estimators could use client-side market data or access 
    HF intraday price history for all major US Equities.
    See <https://www.portfolioeffect.com/> for more information on the 
    PortfolioEffect high frequency portfolio analytics platform.
R interface to PortfolioEffect cloud service for backtesting
    high frequency trading (HFT) strategies, intraday portfolio analysis
    and optimization. Includes auto-calibrating model pipeline for market
    microstructure noise, risk factors, price jumps/outliers, tail risk
    (high-order moments) and price fractality (long memory). Constructed
    portfolios could use client-side market data or access HF intraday price
    history for all major US Equities. See <https://www.portfolioeffect.com/>
    for more information on the PortfolioEffect high frequency portfolio
    analytics platform.
Two functions for financial portfolio optimization by linear programming are provided. One function implements Benders decomposition algorithm and can be used for very large data sets. The other, applicable for moderate sample sizes, finds optimal portfolio which has the smallest distance to a given benchmark portfolio.
Classes that serve as a framework for designing equity
        portfolio simulations.
Risk Attribution of a portfolio with Volatility Risk Analysis.
In linear LS regression, calculate for a given design matrix
  the multiplier K of coefficient standard errors such that the
  confidence intervals [b - K*SE(b), b + K*SE(b)] have a
  guaranteed coverage probability for all coefficient estimates
  b in any submodels after performing arbitrary model selection.
Functions to convert geometry and 'hstore' data types from
    'PostgreSQL' into standard R objects, as well as to simplify
    the import of R data frames (including spatial data frames) into 'PostgreSQL'.
    Note: This package is deprecated. For new projects, we recommend 
    using the 'sf' package to interface with geodatabases.
This is a wrapper for the Mercury Parser API. The Mercury Parser is 
    a single API endpoint that takes a URL and gives you back the content reliably 
    and easily. 
    With just one API request, Mercury takes any web article and returns 
    only the relevant content — headline, author, body text, relevant images and 
    more — free from any clutter. It’s reliable, easy-to-use and free.
    See the webpage here: <https://mercury.postlight.com/>.
Some functions useful to perform a Peak Over Threshold
        analysis in univariate and bivariate cases. A user's guide is
        available.
Do Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation of Potts models
   (Potts, 1952, <https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305004100027419>),
   which are the multi-color generalization of Ising models
   (so, as as special case, also simulates Ising models).
   Use the Swendsen-Wang algorithm (Swendsen and Wang, 1987,
   <https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.58.86>) so MCMC is fast.
   Do maximum composite likelihood estimation of parameters
   (Besag, 1975, <https://doi.org/10.2307/2987782>,
   Lindsay, 1988, <https://doi.org/10.1090/conm/080>).
There are three sets of functions. The first produces
             basic properties of a graph and generates samples from
             multinomial distributions to facilitate the simulation
	     functions (they maybe used for other purposes as well).
	     The second provides various simulation functions for a
	     Potts model in Potts, R. B. (1952)
	     <doi:10.1017/S0305004100027419>.
	     The third currently includes only one function which
	     computes the normalizing constant of a Potts model
	     based on simulation results.
Density, distribution function, quantile function and random generation for the family of power and reversal power distributions.
Optimizes a function using Powell's UObyQA algorithm.
Functions for the computation of power and level tables for hypothesis tests, in Latex format, functions to build explanatory graphs for studying power of test statistics.
Contains functions to obtain the operational characteristics of 
    bioequivalence studies with 2-stage designs (TSD) via simulations.
Basic functions for power analysis and effect size calculation.
Functions for bootstrapping the power of ANOVA designs
    based on estimated means and standard deviations of the conditions.
    Please refer to the documentation of the boot.power.anova() function
    for further details.
A power analysis tool for jointly testing the cause-1 cause-specific hazard and the any-cause hazard with competing risks data.
Power and sample size calculation for eQTL analysis
             based on ANOVA or simple linear regression. It can also calculate power/sample size 
             for testing the association of a SNP to a continuous type phenotype.
Analytical power calculations for GxE and GxG interactions for case-control studies of candidate genes and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This includes power calculation for four two-step screening and testing procedures.  It can also calculate power for GxE and GxG without any screening.
An implementation of maximum likelihood estimators for a variety
    of heavy tailed distributions, including both the discrete and continuous
    power law distributions. Additionally, a goodness-of-fit based approach is
    used to estimate the lower cut-off for the scaling region.
Calculate power for the 'time x treatment' effect
    in two- and three-level multilevel longitudinal studies with missing data.
    Both the third-level factor (e.g. therapists, schools, or physicians),
    and the second-level factor (e.g. subjects), can be assigned random slopes.
    Studies with partially nested designs, unequal cluster sizes,
    unequal allocation to treatment arms, and different dropout patterns
    per treatment are supported. For all designs power can be
    calculated both analytically and via simulations. The analytical
    calculations extends the method described in Galbraith et al. (2002)
    <doi:10.1016/S0197-2456(02)00205-2>, to three-level models.
    Additionally, the simulation tools provides flexible ways to investigate
    bias, Type I errors and the consequences of model misspecification.
Functions to 
        calculate power and sample size for testing
        (1) mediation effects; 
        (2) the slope in a simple linear regression; 
        (3) odds ratio in a simple logistic regression;
        (4) mean change for longitudinal study with 2 time points;
        (5) interaction effect in 2-way ANOVA; and
        (6) the slope in a simple Poisson regression.
Miscellaneous functions for a descriptive analysis and initial Bayesian and classical 
             inference for the power parameter of the the Power Normal (PN) distribution. This 
             miscellaneous will be extend for more distributions into the power family and the 
             three-parameter model.
(1) To estimate the power of testing for linkage using an
        affected sib pair design, as a function of the recurrence risk
        ratios. We will use analytical power formulae as implemented in
        R. These are based on a Mathematica notebook created by Martin
        Farrall. (2) To examine how the power of the transmission
        disequilibrium test (TDT) depends on the disease allele
        frequency, the marker allele frequency, the strength of the
        linkage disequilibrium, and the magnitude of the genetic
        effect. We will use an R program that implements the power
        formulae of Abel and Muller-Myhsok (1998). These formulae allow
        one to quickly compute power of the TDT approach under a
        variety of different conditions. This R program was modeled on
        Martin Farrall's Mathematica notebook.
Computation of matrix and scalar exponentiation.
Functions to calculate power and
                sample size for testing main effect or interaction effect in
                the survival analysis of epidemiological studies
                (non-randomized studies), taking into account the 
                correlation between the covariate of the
                interest and other covariates. Some calculations also take 
                into account the competing risks and stratified analysis. 
                This package also includes
                a set of functions to calculate power and sample size
                for testing main effect in the survival analysis of 
                randomized clinical trials.
R version of PowerUp! <https://www.causalevaluation.org/>. Includes tools to calculate statistical power, minimum detectable effect size, and minimum required sample size for various multilevel randomized experiments with continuous outcomes.
The PP package includes estimation of (MLE, WLE, MAP, EAP, ROBUST)
    person parameters for the 1,2,3,4-PL model and the GPCM (generalized
    partial credit model). The parameters are estimated under the assumption
    that the item parameters are known and fixed. The package is useful e.g. in
    the case that items from an item pool / item bank with known item parameters
    are administered to a new population of test-takers and an ability
    estimation for every test-taker is needed.
Exploratory projection pursuit is a method to discovers
	structure in multivariate data. At heart this package uses
	a projection index to evaluate how interesting a specific
	three-dimensional projection of multivariate data (with more
	than three dimensions) is. Typically, the main structure
	finding algorithm starts at a random projection and then
	iteratively changes the projection direction to move to
	a more interesting one. In other words, the projection index
	is maximised over the projection direction to find the most
	interesting projection. This maximum is, though, a local
	maximum. So, this code has the ability to restart the
	algorithm from many different starting positions automatically.
	Routines exist to plot a density estimate of projection indices 
	over the runs, this enables the user to obtain an idea of
	the distribution of the projection indices,
	and, hence,  which ones might be interesting. Individual
	projection solutions, including those identified as interesting,
	can be extracted and plotted individually. The package
	can make use of the mclapply() function to execute multiple runs in
	parallel to speed up index discovery. Projection pursuit is
	similar to independent component analysis. This package
	uses a projection index that maximises an entropy measure to
	look for projections that exhibit non-normality, and operates
	on sphered data. Hence, information from this package is
	different from that obtained from principal components analysis,
	but the rationale behind both methods is similar. 
        Nason, G. P. (1995) <doi:10.2307/2986135>.
Calculates the Probability Plot Correlation Coefficient (PPCC) 
             between a continuous variable X and a specified distribution. The corresponding 
	     composite hypothesis test can be done to test whether the sample 
	     X is element of either the Normal, log-Normal, Exponential,
	     Uniform, Cauchy, Logistic, Generalized Logistic, Gumbel (GEVI), Weibull,
	     Generalized Extreme Value, Pearson III (Gamma 2), Mielke's Kappa, Rayleigh
	     or Generalized Logistic Distribution. The PPCC test is performed with
	     a fast Monte-Carlo simulation.
Implements recently developed projection 
    pursuit algorithms for finding optimal linear cluster
    separators. The clustering algorithms use optimal
    hyperplane separators based on minimum density, Pavlidis et. al (2016) <https://jmlr.csail.mit.edu/papers/volume17/15-307/15-307.pdf>;
    minimum normalised cut, Hofmeyr (2017) <doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2016.2609929>;
    and maximum variance ratio clusterability, Hofmeyr and Pavlidis (2015) <doi:10.1109/SSCI.2015.116>.
Partitioning clustering divides the objects in a data set into non-overlapping subsets or clusters by using the prototype-based probabilistic and possibilistic clustering algorithms. This package covers a set of the functions for Fuzzy C-Means (Bezdek, 1974) <doi:10.1080/01969727308546047>, Possibilistic C-Means (Krishnapuram & Keller, 1993) <doi:10.1109/91.227387>, Possibilistic Fuzzy C-Means (Pal et al, 2005) <doi:10.1109/TFUZZ.2004.840099>, Possibilistic Clustering Algorithm (Yang et al, 2006) <doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2005.07.005>, Possibilistic C-Means with Repulsion (Wachs et al, 2006) <doi:10.1007/3-540-31662-0_6> and the other variants of hard and soft clustering algorithms. The cluster prototypes and membership matrices required by these partitioning algorithms are initialized with different initialization techniques that are available in the package 'inaparc'. As the distance metrics, not only the Euclidean distance but also a set of the commonly used distance metrics are available to use with some of the algorithms in the package.
Calculates partial and semi-partial
        (part) correlations along with p-value.
Spatial Analysis for exploration of Pakistan Population Census 2017 (<http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/>). It uses data from R package 'PakPC2017'.
Implements projection pursuit forest algorithm for supervised classification.
The Poverty Probability Index (PPI) is a poverty measurement tool 
    for organizations and businesses with a mission to serve the poor. The PPI 
    is statistically-sound, yet simple to use: the answers to 10 questions about 
    a household’s characteristics and asset ownership are scored to compute the 
    likelihood that the household is living below the poverty line – or above by 
    only a narrow margin. This package contains country-specific lookup data tables
    used as reference to determine the poverty likelihood of a household based
    on their score from the country-specific PPI questionnaire. These lookup 
    tables have been extracted from documentation of the PPI found at <https://www.povertyindex.org>
    and managed by Innovations for Poverty Action <https://www.poverty-action.org>.
This package contains linear and nonlinear regression
        methods based on Partial Least Squares and Penalization
        Techniques. Model parameters are selected via cross-validation,
        and confidence intervals ans tests for the regression
        coefficients can be conducted via jackknifing.
Toolkit for fitting point process models with sequences of LASSO penalties ("regularisation paths"). Regularisation paths of Poisson point process models or area-interaction models can be fitted with LASSO, adaptive LASSO or elastic net penalties. A number of criteria are available to judge the bias-variance tradeoff.
The pps package contains functions to select samples using
        PPS (probability proportional to size) sampling. It also
        includes a function for stratified simple random sampling, a
        function to compute joint inclusion probabilities for
        Sampford's method of PPS sampling, and a few utility functions.
        The user's guide pps-ug.pdf is included.
Stochastic block model used for dynamic graphs represented by Poisson processes.
    To model recurrent interaction events in continuous time, an extension of the stochastic block model is proposed where every individual belongs to a latent group and interactions between two individuals follow a conditional inhomogeneous Poisson process with intensity driven by the individuals’ latent groups. The model is shown to be identifiable and its estimation is based on a semiparametric variational expectation-maximization algorithm. Two versions of the method are developed, using either a nonparametric histogram approach (with an adaptive choice of the partition size) or kernel intensity estimators. The number of latent groups can be selected by an integrated classification likelihood criterion.
    Y. Baraud and L. Birgé (2009). <doi:10.1007/s00440-007-0126-6>.
    C. Biernacki, G. Celeux and G. Govaert (2000). <doi:10.1109/34.865189>.
    M. Corneli, P. Latouche and F. Rossi (2016). <doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2016.02.031>.
    J.-J. Daudin, F. Picard and S. Robin (2008). <doi:10.1007/s11222-007-9046-7>.
    A. P. Dempster, N. M. Laird and D. B. Rubin (1977). <http://www.jstor.org/stable/2984875>.
    G. Grégoire (1993). <http://www.jstor.org/stable/4616289>.
    L. Hubert and P. Arabie (1985). <doi:10.1007/BF01908075>.
    M. Jordan, Z. Ghahramani, T. Jaakkola and L. Saul (1999). <doi:10.1023/A:1007665907178>.
    C. Matias, T. Rebafka and F. Villers (2018). <doi:10.1093/biomet/asy016>.
    C. Matias and S. Robin (2014). <doi:10.1051/proc/201447004>.
    H. Ramlau-Hansen (1983). <doi:10.1214/aos/1176346152>.
    P. Reynaud-Bouret (2006). <doi:10.3150/bj/1155735930>.
Projection pursuit classification tree using LDA, Lr or PDA projection pursuit index
Tools for exploring projection pursuit classification tree using
    various projection pursuit indexes.
This package allows users to calculate the number of
    under-five child deaths caused by consumption of poor quality
    antimalarials across 39 sub-Saharan nations. The package supports one
    function, that starts an interactive web tool created using
    the shiny R package. The web tool runs locally on the user's machine.
    The web tool allows users to set input parameters (prevalence of poor
    quality antimalarials, case fatality rate of children who take poor
    quality antimalarials, and sample size) which are then used to perform
    an uncertainty analysis following the Latin hypercube
    sampling scheme. Users can download the output figures as PDFs, and the
    output data as CSVs. Users can also download their input parameters
    for reference. This package was designed to accompany the analysis
    presented in:
    J. Patrick Renschler, Kelsey Walters, Paul Newton, Ramanan Laxminarayan
    "Estimated under-five deaths associated with poor-quality
    antimalarials in sub-Saharan Africa", 2014. Paper submitted.
Distance-based parametric bootstrap tests for clustering with 
  spatial neighborhood information. Some distance measures, 
  Clustering of presence-absence, abundance and multilocus genetical data 
  for species delimitation, nearest neighbor 
  based noise detection. Try package?prabclus for on overview.
Provides a large number of functions from numerical analysis and
    linear algebra, numerical optimization, differential equations,
    time series, plus some well-known special mathematical functions.
    Uses 'MATLAB' function names where appropriate to simplify porting.
Contains functions for sample size calculation for survey samples using stratified or clustered one-, two-, and three-stage sample designs. Other functions compute variance components for multistage designs and sample sizes in two-phase designs. A number of example data sets are included.
pragma allows for the use of pragma (also sometimes called
        directives or keywords. These allow assigning arbitrary
        functionality to a word without requiring the standard function
        call syntax i.e. with parens.
The Prais-Winsten estimation procedure takes into account serial correlation of type AR(1) in a linear model. The procedure is an iterative method that recursively estimates the beta coefficients and the error autocorrelation of the specified model until convergence of rho, i.e. the AR(1) coefficient, is attained. All estimates are obtained by OLS.
Build friendly R packages that
    praise their users if they have done something
    good, or they just need it to feel better.
Kasulikud funktsioonid kvantitatiivsete mudelite kursuse
    (SHPH.00.004) jaoks
A collection of feature selection filters performing greedy optimisation of mutual information-based usefulness criteria, inspired by the overview by Brown, Pocock, Zhao and Lujan (2012) <http://www.jmlr.org/papers/v13/brown12a.html>.
 Implements, among other, minimum redundancy maximal relevancy ('mRMR') method by Peng, Long and Ding (2005) <doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2005.159>; joint mutual information ('JMI') method by Yang and Moody (1999) <http://papers.nips.cc/paper/1779-data-visualization-and-feature-selection-new-algorithms-for-nongaussian-data>; double input symmetrical relevance ('DISR') method by Meyer and Bontempi  (2006) <doi:10.1007/11732242_9> as well as joint mutual information maximisation ('JMIM') method by Bennasar, Hicks and Setchi (2015) <doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2015.07.007>.
Estimation, prediction and testing for analyzing serial dilution assay data (Fong and Yu 2015 <DOI:10.1080/19466315.2015.1093019>) using paired response curve, which is a model of the nonlinear functional relationship between experimental outcomes measured at two different dilutions.
A testing workbench for evaluating precision-recall curves under various conditions.
Clustering is unsupervised and exploratory in nature. Yet, it can be performed through penalized regression with grouping pursuit. In this package, we provide two algorithms for fitting the penalized regression-based clustering (PRclust) with non-convex grouping penalties, such as group truncated lasso, MCP and SCAD. One algorithm is based on quadratic penalty and difference convex method. Another algorithm is based on difference convex and ADMM, called DC-ADD, which is more efficient. Generalized cross validation and stability based method were provided to select the tuning parameters. Rand index, adjusted Rand index and Jaccard index were provided to estimate the agreement between estimated cluster memberships and the truth.
Provides an easy-to-use yet adaptable set of tools to conduct person-center analysis using a two-step clustering procedure. As described in Bergman and El-Khouri (1999) <DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1521-4036(199910)41:6%3C753::AID-BIMJ753%3E3.0.CO;2-K>, hierarchical clustering is performed to determine the initial partition for the subsequent k-means clustering procedure.
Derives prediction rule ensembles (PREs). Largely follows the
    procedure for deriving PREs as described in Friedman & Popescu (2008; 
    <DOI:10.1214/07-AOAS148>), with adjustments and improvements. The 
    main function pre() derives prediction rule ensembles consisting of 
    rules and/or linear terms for continuous, binary, count, multinomial, 
    and multivariate continuous responses. Function gpe() derives 
    generalized prediction ensembles, consisting of rules, hinge and linear 
    functions of the predictor variables.
It contains functions to analyze the precipitation
    intensity, concentration and anomaly.
Most of the time floating point arithmetic does
  approximately the right thing.  When adding sums or having products
  of numbers that greatly differ in magnitude, the floating point
  arithmetic may be incorrect.  This package implements the Kahan
  (1965) sum <doi:10.1145/363707.363723>, Neumaier (1974) sum
  <doi:10.1002/zamm.19740540106>, pairwise-sum (adapted from 'NumPy',
  See Castaldo (2008) <doi:10.1137/070679946> for a discussion of
  accuracy), and arbitrary precision sum (adapted from the fsum in
  'Python' ; Shewchuk (1997)
  <http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~jrs/papers/robustr.pdf>).  In addition,
  products are changed to long double precision for accuracy, or
  changed into a log-sum for accuracy.
Accurate calculations and visualization of precision-recall and ROC (Receiver Operator Characteristics)
    curves.
Allows the user to check and find (allegedly) predatory journals based on Beall's list available at <https://scholarlyoa.com/>.
   As part of a research project, the data from the website has been scraped with a web scraping script. 
   The package includes a search function and direct access to this database of predatory journals. The use of this tool
   should facilitate the detection of predatory publications by researchers and librarians.
PredictABEL includes functions to assess the performance of
 risk models. The package contains functions for the various measures that are
 used in empirical studies, including univariate and multivariate odds ratios
 (OR) of the predictors, the c-statistic (or area under the receiver operating
 characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC)), Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test,
 reclassification table, net reclassification improvement (NRI) and
 integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). Also included are functions
 to create plots, such as risk distributions, ROC curves, calibration plot,
 discrimination box plot and predictiveness curves. In addition to functions
 to assess the performance of risk models, the package includes functions to
 obtain weighted and unweighted risk scores as well as predicted risks using
 logistic regression analysis. These logistic regression functions are
 specifically written for models that include genetic variables, but they
 can also be applied to models that are based on non-genetic risk factors only.
 Finally, the package includes function to construct a simulated dataset with 
 genotypes, genetic risks, and disease status for a hypothetical population, which 
 is used for the evaluation of genetic risk models.
A one-function package containing 'prediction()', a type-safe alternative to 'predict()' that always returns a data frame. The package currently supports common model types (e.g., "lm", "glm") from the 'stats' package, as well as numerous other model classes from other add-on packages. See the README or main package documentation page for a complete listing.
A common problem faced by journal reviewers and authors is the question of
     whether the results of a replication study are consistent with the original
     published study. One solution to this problem is to examine the effect size
     from the original study and generate the range of effect sizes that could
     reasonably be obtained (due to random sampling) in a replication attempt
     (i.e., calculate a prediction interval). This package has functions that calculate
     the prediction interval for the correlation (i.e., r),
     standardized mean difference (i.e., d-value), and mean.
Three prediction algorithms described in the paper
        "On-line predictive linear regression" Annals of Statistics 37,
        1566 - 1590 (2009)
This package provides functions to diagnose 
  and make inferences from various linear models, such as those obtained from 'aov', 
  'lm', 'glm', 'gls', 'lme', and 'lmer'. Inferences include predicted 
  means and standard errors, contrasts, multiple comparisons, permutation tests and graphs.
Implements the predictive k-means method for clustering observations, using a mixture of experts model to allow covariates to influence cluster centers. Motivated by air pollution epidemiology settings, where cluster membership needs to be predicted across space. Includes functions for predicting cluster membership using spatial splines and principal component analysis (PCA) scores using either multinomial logistic regression or support vector machines (SVMs). For method details see Keller et al. (2017) <doi:10.1214/16-AOAS992>.
"train_predict_mix" predicts the binary response with
        binary features
Recent years have seen an increased interest in novel methods
    for analyzing quantitative data from experimental psychology. Currently, however, they lack an
    established and accessible software framework. Many existing implementations provide no guidelines,
    consisting of small code snippets, or sets of packages. In addition, the use of existing packages
    often requires advanced programming experience. 'PredPsych' is a user-friendly toolbox based on
    machine learning predictive algorithms. It comprises of multiple functionalities for multivariate
    analyses of quantitative behavioral data based on machine learning models.
Makes the time series prediction easier by automatizing this process
  using four main functions: prep(), modl(), pred() and postp(). Features different
  preprocessing methods to homogenize variance and to remove trend and seasonality.
  Also has the potential to bring together different predictive models to make comparatives.
  Features ARIMA and Data Mining Regression models (using caret).
Allows users to derive multi-objective weights from pairwise comparisons, which
    research shows is more repeatable, transparent, and intuitive other techniques. These weights
    can be rank existing alternatives or to define a multi-objective utility function for optimization.
Design and analyze two-stage randomized trials with a continuous
    outcome measure. The package contains functions to compute the required 
    sample size needed to detect a given preference, treatment, and selection 
    effect; alternatively, the package contains functions that can report the 
    study power given a fixed sample size. Finally, analysis functions are 
    provided to test each effect using either summary data (i.e. means, 
    variances) or raw study data.
Generates design matrix for analysing real paired comparisons and derived paired comparison data (Likert type items/ratings or rankings) using a loglinear approach. Fits loglinear Bradley-Terry model (LLBT) exploiting an eliminate feature. Computes pattern models for paired comparisons, rankings, and ratings. Some treatment of missing values (MCAR and MNAR). Fits latent class (mixture) models for paired comparison, rating and ranking patterns using a non-parametric ML approach.
Dynamize headers or R code within 'Rmd' files to prevent proliferation of 'Rmd' files for similar reports. Add in external HTML document within 'rmarkdown' rendered HTML doc.
Bayesian clustering using a Dirichlet process mixture model. This model is an alternative to regression models, non-parametrically linking a response vector to covariate data through cluster membership. The package allows Bernoulli, Binomial, Poisson, Normal, survival and categorical response, as well as Normal and discrete covariates. It also allows for fixed effects in the response model, where a spatial CAR (conditional autoregressive) term can be also included. Additionally, predictions may be made for the response, and missing values for the covariates are handled. Several samplers and label switching moves are implemented along with diagnostic tools to assess convergence. A number of R functions for post-processing of the output are also provided. In addition to fitting mixtures, it may additionally be of interest to determine which covariates actively drive the mixture components. This is implemented in the package as variable selection. The main reference for the package is Liverani, Hastie, Azizi, Papathomas and Richardson (2015) <doi:10.18637/jss.v064.i07>.
Prepares data for statistical analysis (e.g., analysis of variance
  ;ANOVA) by enabling the user to easily and quickly merge (using the
  file_merge() function) raw data files into one merged table and then
  aggregate the merged table (using the prep() function) into a finalized
  table while keeping track and summarizing every step of the preparation.
  The finalized table contains several possibilities for dependent measures of
  the dependent variable. Most suitable when measuring variables in an
  interval or ratio scale (e.g., reaction-times) and/or discrete values such
  as accuracy. Main functions included are file_merge() and prep(). The
  file_merge() function vertically merges individual data files (in a long
  format) in which each line is a single observation to one single dataset.
  The prep() function aggregates the single dataset according to any
  combination of grouping variables (i.e., between-subjects and
  within-subjects independent variables, respectively), and returns a data
  frame with a number of dependent measures for further analysis for each cell
  according to the combination of provided grouping variables. Dependent
  measures for each cell include among others means before and after rejecting
  all values according to a flexible standard deviation criteria, number of
  rejected values according to the flexible standard deviation criteria,
  proportions of rejected values according to the flexible standard deviation
  criteria, number of values before rejection, means after rejecting values
  according to procedures described in Van Selst & Jolicoeur (1994; suitable
  when measuring reaction-times), standard deviations, medians, means according
  to any percentile (e.g., 0.05, 0.25, 0.75, 0.95) and harmonic means. The data
  frame prep() returns can also be exported as a txt file to be used for
  statistical analysis in other statistical programs.
A figure region is prepared, creating a plot region with suitable background color, grid lines or shadings, and providing axes and labeling if not suppressed. Subsequently, information carrying graphics elements can be added (points, lines, barplot with add=TRUE and so forth).
Provides classes to pre-process microarray gene
  expression data as part of the OOMPA collection of packages
  described at <http://oompa.r-forge.r-project.org/>.
Preprocessing is often the most time-consuming phase in data analysis
    and preprocessing transformations interdependent in unexpected
    ways. This package helps to make preprocessing faster and more effective. It
    provides an S4 framework for creating and evaluating preprocessing combinations
    for classification, clustering and outlier detection. The framework supports
    adding of user-defined preprocessors and preprocessing phases. Default preprocessors
    can be used for low variance removal, missing value imputation, scaling, outlier
    removal, noise smoothing, feature selection and class imbalance correction.
Data quality simulation can be used to check the robustness of data
    analysis findings and learn about the impact of data quality contaminations on
    classification. This package helps to add contaminations (noise, missing values,
    outliers, low variance, irrelevant features, class swap (inconsistency), class
    imbalance and decrease in data volume) to data and then evaluate the simulated
    data sets for classification accuracy. As a lightweight solution simulation runs
    can be set up with no or minimal up-front effort.
Data quality issues such as missing values and outliers are often
    interdependent, which makes preprocessing both time-consuming and leads to
    suboptimal performance in knowledge discovery tasks. This package supports
    preprocessing decision making by visualizing interdependent data quality issues
    through means of feature construction. The user can define his own application
    domain specific constructed features that express the quality of a data point
    such as number of missing values in the point or use nine default features.
    The outcome can be explored with plot methods and the feature constructed data
    acquired with get methods.
Provides a collection of templates to author preregistration documents for scientific studies in PDF format.
This package provides a set of functions useful when
        evaluating the results of presence-absence models. Package
        includes functions for calculating threshold dependent measures
        such as confusion matrices, pcc, sensitivity, specificity, and
        Kappa, and produces plots of each measure as the threshold is
        varied. It will calculate optimal threshold choice according to
        a choice of optimization criteria. It also includes functions
        to plot the threshold independent ROC curves along with the
        associated AUC (area under the curve).
Makes output files from select PreSens Fiber Optic Oxygen
    Transmitters easier to work with in R. See <http://www.presens.de> for more
    information about PreSens (Precision Sensing GmbH). Note: this package is
    neither created nor maintained by PreSens.
The relation between the number of species and the number of individuals in a random sample is a classic problem back to Fisher (1943) <doi:10.2307/1411>. We generalize this problem to estimate the number of species represented at least r times in a random sample. In particular when r=1, it becomes the classic problem. We use a mixture of Poisson processes to model sampling procedures and apply a nonparametric empirical Bayes approach to obtain an estimator. For more information on 'preseqR', see Deng C, Daley T and Smith AD (2015) <doi:10.1007/s40484-015-0049-7> and Deng C and Smith AD (2016) <arXiv:1607.02804v2>.
Computes probability-scale residuals and residual correlations
    for continuous, ordinal, binary, count, and time-to-event data.
Functions to assess the effects of different text preprocessing decisions on the inferences drawn from the resulting document-term matrices they generate.
Replace the standard print method for functions with one that
    performs syntax highlighting, using ANSI colors, if the terminal
    supports them.
Creating tiny yet beautiful documents and vignettes from R
    Markdown. The package provides the 'html_pretty' output format as an
    alternative to the 'html_document' and 'html_vignette' engines that
    convert R Markdown into HTML pages. Various themes and syntax highlight
    styles are supported.
prettyGraphs contains simple, crisp graphics. Graphics produced by prettyGraphs are publication-quality.
Automates the process of creating a scale bar and north arrow in
    any package that uses base graphics to plot in R. Bounding box tools help find
    and manipulate extents. Finally, there is a function to automate the process
    of setting margins, plotting the map, scale bar, and north arrow, and resetting
    graphic parameters upon completion.
Functions for conventionally formatting descriptive stats,
 reshaping data frames and formatting R output as HTML.
Pretty, human readable formatting of quantities.
    Time intervals: 1337000 -> 15d 11h 23m 20s.
    Vague time intervals: 2674000 -> about a month ago.
    Bytes: 1337 -> 1.34 kB.
The prevalence package provides Frequentist and Bayesian methods for prevalence assessment studies. IMPORTANT: the truePrev functions in the prevalence package call on JAGS (Just Another Gibbs Sampler), which therefore has to be available on the user's system. JAGS can be downloaded from http://mcmc-jags.sourceforge.net/.
Provides functions for both likelihood-based
    and Bayesian analysis of spatially referenced prevalence data, and is
    also an extension of the 'geoR' package.
Spatial estimation of a prevalence surface
    or a relative risks surface, using data from a Demographic and Health
    Survey (DHS) or an analog survey.
Estimate False Discovery Rates (FDRs) for importance metrics from
    random forest runs.
An implementation of the van Westendorp Price
    Sensitivity Meter in R, which is a survey-based approach
	to analyze consumer price preferences and sensitivity
    (van Westendorp 1976, isbn:9789283100386).
Patient Rule Induction Method (PRIM) for bump hunting in high-dimensional data.
Use Prime Factorization for simplifying computations,
    for instance for ratios of large factorials.
Functions are primarily functions for systems of ordinary
        differential equations, difference equations, and eigenanalysis
        and projection of demographic matrices; data are for examples.
Identifies potential target sequences for a given set of primers
  and generates taxonomically annotated phylogenetic trees with the predicted
  amplification products.
Functions to test whether a number is prime and generate the prime numbers within a specified range. Based around
             an implementation of Wilson's theorem for testing for an integer's primality.
R interface to PRIMME, a C library for computing a few
    eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors of a real symmetric or complex
    Hermitian matrix.  It can also compute singular values and vectors of a square
    or rectangular matrix.  It can find largest, smallest, or interior
    singular/eigenvalues and can use preconditioning to accelerate convergence.
Performs a unified treatment of Bump Hunting by Patient Rule Induction Method (PRIM) in Survival, Regression and Classification settings (SRC). The current version is a development release that only implements the case of a survival response. New features will be added soon as they are available.
fits a principal curve to a data matrix in arbitrary
        dimensions
Provides capabilities beyond principal components
    analysis to focus on finding structure in low variability
    subspaces. Constructs and plots simple basis vectors for
    pre-defined and user-defined measures of simplicity.
Extends the S3 generic function knit_print() in 'knitr'
    to automatically print some objects using an appropriate format such as
    Markdown or LaTeX. For example, data frames are automatically printed as
    tables, and the help() pages can also be rendered in 'knitr' documents.
Translates beliefs into prior information in the form of Beta and Gamma distributions. It can be mainly used for the generation of priors on the prevalence of disease and the sensitivity/specificity of diagnostic tests.
Conservation prioritization using integer
    programming techniques. To solve large-scale problems, users
    should install the 'gurobi' optimizer
    (available from <http://www.gurobi.com/>).
Conservation planning data sets for learning how to use the 'prioritizr' package <https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=prioritizr>.
Fits successive Lasso models for several blocks of (omics) data with different priorities and takes the predicted values as an offset for the next block.
Allows users to access the Oregon State Prism climate data. Using the web service API data can easily downloaded in bulk and loaded into R for spatial analysis. Some user friendly visualizations are also provided.
Loads and processes huge text
    corpora processed with the sally toolbox (<http://www.mlsec.org/sally/>).
    sally acts as a very fast preprocessor which splits the text files into
    tokens or n-grams. These output files can then be read with the PRISMA
    package which applies testing-based token selection and has some
    replicate-aware, highly tuned non-negative matrix factorization and
    principal component analysis implementation which allows the processing of
    very big data sets even on desktop machines.
Plot a PRISMA <http://prisma-statement.org/> flow chart
    describing the identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion or studies in
    systematic reviews. PRISMA is an evidence-based minimum set of items for reporting
    in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. PRISMA focuses on the reporting of reviews
    evaluating randomized trials, but can also be used as a basis for reporting
    systematic reviews of other types of research, particularly evaluations of
    interventions.
Download, parses and tidies information from the World Prison Brief project <http://www.prisonstudies.org/>.
Implements two differentially private algorithms for 
  estimating L2-regularized logistic regression coefficients. A randomized
  algorithm F is epsilon-differentially private (C. Dwork, Differential
  Privacy, ICALP 2006 <DOI:10.1007/11681878_14>), if 
     |log(P(F(D) in S)) - log(P(F(D') in S))| <= epsilon
  for any pair D, D' of datasets that differ in exactly one record, any
  measurable set S, and the randomness is taken over the choices F makes.
Estimation of prevalence ratios using logistic models and confidence intervals with delta and bootstrap methods.
Optogenetics is a new tool to study neuronal circuits that have been genetically modified to allow stimulation by flashes of light.  This package implements the methodological framework, Point-process Response model for Optogenetics (PRO), for analyzing data from these experiments.  This method provides explicit nonlinear transformations to link the flash point-process with the spiking point-process.  Such response functions can be used to provide important and interpretable scientific insights into the properties of the biophysical process that governs neural spiking in response to optogenetic stimulation.
Contains functions that are useful for probing moderation effects (or interactions) including techniques such as pick-a-point (also known as spotlight analysis) and Johnson-Neyman (also known as floodlight analysis). Plot function is also provided to facilitate visualization of results from each of these techniques.
Probabilistic Fisher discriminant analysis (pFDA) is a probabilistic version of the popular and powerful Fisher linear discriminant analysis for dimensionality reduction and classification.
The ProbForecastGOP package contains a main function,
        called ProbForecastGOP and other functions, to produce
        probabilistic weather forecasts of weather fields using the
        Geostatistical Output Perturbation (GOP) method of Gel,
        Raftery, and Gneiting (JASA, 2004).
Binomial Spatial Probit models for big data.
Estimates unsupervised outlier probabilities for multivariate numeric data with many observations from a nonparametric outlier statistic.
This package provides multiclass conditional probability
        estimation for the SVM, which is distributional assumption
        free.
Confidence intervals and point estimation for R under various parametric model assumptions; likelihood inference based on classical first-order approximations and higher-order asymptotic procedures.
Tools for visualizing, smoothing and comparing receiver operating characteristic (ROC curves). (Partial) area under the curve (AUC) can be compared with statistical tests based on U-statistics or bootstrap. Confidence intervals can be computed for (p)AUC or ROC curves.
Package for processing downloaded MODIS Calibrated radiances
    Product HDF files. Specifically, MOD02 calibrated radiance product files, and
    the associated MOD03 geolocation files (for MODIS-TERRA). The package will be
    most effective if the user installs MRTSwath (MODIS Reprojection Tool for swath
    products; <https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/tools/modis_reprojection_tool_swath>, and
    adds the directory with the MRTSwath executable to the default R PATH by editing
    ~/.Rprofile.
Token replay animation for process maps created with 
  'processmapR' by using SVG animations ('SMIL') and the 'htmlwidget' package.
Generate time series chart for individual values with mean and +/-
    3 standard deviation lines and the corresponding mR chart with the upper control
    limit. Also execute the 8 Shewhart stability run tests and display the violations.
Visualize of process maps based on
    event logs, in the form of directed graphs. Part of the 'bupaR' framework.
Functions for constructing dashboards for business process monitoring. Building on the event log objects class from package 'bupaR'. Allows the use to assemble custom shiny dashboards based on process data.
Tools to run system processes in the background.
    It can check if a background process is running; wait on a background
    process to finish; get the exit status of finished processes; kill
    background processes and their children; restart processes. It can read
    the standard output and error of the processes, using non-blocking
    connections. 'processx' can poll a process for standard output or
    error, with a timeout. It can also poll several processes at once.
A direct and flexible method for estimating an ICA model.
        This approach estimates the densities for each component
        directly via a tilted gaussian. The tilt functions are
        estimated via a GAM poisson model. Details can be found in
        "Elements of Statistical Learning (2nd Edition)" Section 14.7.4
Implements the methods proposed by Olley, G.S. and Pakes, A. (1996) <doi:10.2307/2171831>, Levinsohn, J. and Petrin, A. (2003) <doi:10.1111/1467-937X.00246>, Ackerberg, D.A. and Caves, K. and Frazer, G. (2015) <doi:10.3982/ECTA13408> and Wooldridge, J.M. (2009) <doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2009.04.026> for structural productivity estimation .
Create a project directory structure, along with typical files
    for that project.  This allows projects to be quickly and easily created,
    as well as for them to be standardized. Designed specifically with scientists
    in mind (mainly bio-medical researchers, but likely applies to other fields).
Fast and user friendly implementation of nonparametric estimators
    for censored event history (survival) analysis. Kaplan-Meier and
    Aalen-Johansen method.
Levels and changes of productivity and profitability are measured with various indices.
  The package contains the multiplicatively complete Färe-Primont, Fisher, Hicks-Moorsteen, 
  Laspeyres, Lowe, and Paasche indices, as well as the classic Malmquist productivity index.
  Färe-Primont and Lowe indices verify the transitivity property and can therefore be used for 
  multilateral or multitemporal comparison.
  Fisher, Hicks-Moorsteen, Laspeyres, Malmquist, and Paasche indices are not transitive and are 
  only to be used for binary comparison.
  All indices can also be decomposed into different components, providing insightful information 
  on the sources of productivity and profitability changes.
  In the use of Malmquist productivity index, the technological change index can be further 
  decomposed into bias technological change components.
  The package also allows to prohibit technological regression (negative technological change). In 
  the case of the Fisher, Hicks-Moorsteen, Laspeyres, Paasche and the transitive Färe-Primont 
  and Lowe indices, it is furthermore possible to rule out technological change. 
  Deflated shadow prices can also be obtained. Besides, the package allows parallel computing as 
  an option, depending on the user's computer configuration. 
  All computations are carried out with the nonparametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and 
  several assumptions regarding returns to scale are available.
  All DEA linear programs are implemented using 'lp_solve'.
Framework for visualising tables of counts, proportions
  and probabilities. The framework is called product plots, alluding to
  the computation of area as a product of height and width, and the
  statistical concept of generating a joint distribution from the
  product of conditional and marginal distributions. The framework,
  with extensions, is sufficient to encompass over 20 visualisations
  previously described in fields of statistical graphics and 'infovis',
  including bar charts, mosaic plots, 'treemaps', equal area plots and
  fluctuation diagrams.
An alternative data structure for the profiling information
    generated by Rprof().
This package facilitates profile inference (inference at
        the posterior mode) for a class of product partition models
        (PPM). The Dirichlet process mixture is currently the only
        available member of this class. These methods search for the
        maximum posterior (MAP) estimate for the data partition in a
        PPM.
Programs to determine student grades and create
  examinations from Question banks.  Programs will create numerous
  multiple choice exams, randomly shuffled, for different versions of same question list.
Defines a data structure for profiler data, and methods to read and
    write from the 'Rprof' and 'pprof' file formats.
This package provides profile likelihoods for a parameter of interest in commonly used statistical models. The models include linear models, generalized linear models, proportional odds models, linear mixed-effects models, and linear models for longitudinal responses fitted by generalized least squares. The package also provides plots for normalized profile likelihoods as well as the maximum profile likelihood estimates and the kth likelihood support intervals.
profileModel provides tools that can be used to calculate, evaluate, plot and use for inference the profiles of *arbitrary* inference functions for *arbitrary* 'glm'-like fitted models with linear predictors.
A suite of multivariate methods and data visualization 
      tools to implement profile analysis and cross-validation techniques described in 
      Davison & Davenport (2002) <DOI: 10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.468>, Bulut (2013), and other published and unpublished resources.
      The package includes routines to perform criterion-related profile analysis, profile analysis 
      via multidimensional scaling, moderated profile analysis, profile analysis by group, and a 
      within-person factor model to derive score profiles.
Allows users to quickly and reliably profile data in R
    using convenience functions. The profiled data returns as a data.frame
    and provides a wealth of common and uncommon summary statistics.
Get data / Define model / ??? / Profit! 'ProFit' is a Bayesian galaxy fitting tool that uses a fast 'C++' image generation library and a flexible interface to a large number of likelihood samplers.
A simple and light-weight API for memory profiling of R expressions.  The profiling is built on top of R's built-in memory profiler ('utils::Rprofmem()'), which records every memory allocation done by R (also native code).
Core package containing all the tools for simple and advanced source extraction. This is used to create inputs for 'ProFit', or for source detection, extraction and photometry in its own right.
profr provides an alternative data structure
    and visual rendering for the profiling information
    generated by Rprof.
Tools for examining Rprof profile output.
Interactive visualizations for profiling R code.
Implementing the Progeny Clustering algorithm, the 'progenyClust' package assesses the clustering stability and identifies the optimal clustering number for a given data matrix. It uses k-means clustering as a default, provides a tailored hierarchical clustering function, and can be customized to work with other clustering algorithms and different parameter settings. The package includes a main function progenyClust(), plot and summary methods for 'progenyClust' object, a function hclust.progenyClust() for hierarchical clustering, and two example datasets (test and cell) for testing.
sample code, appendices and functions for the text
    Programming GUIs in R
Prognostic ROC curve is an alternative graphical approach to represent the discriminative capacity of the marker: a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve by plotting 1 minus the survival in the high-risk group against 1 minus the survival in the low-risk group. This package contains functions to assess prognostic ROC curve. The user can enter the survival according to a model previously estimated or the user can also enter individual survival data for estimating the prognostic ROC curve by using Kaplan-Meier estimator. The area under the curve (AUC) corresponds to the probability that a patient in the low-risk group has a longer lifetime than a patient in the high-risk group. The prognostic ROC curve provides complementary information compared to survival curves. The AUC is assessed by using the trapezoidal rules. When survival curves do not reach 0, the prognostic ROC curve is incomplete and the extrapolations of the AUC are performed by assuming pessimist, optimist and non-informative situations.
Configurable Progress bars, they may include percentage,
    elapsed time, and/or the estimated completion time. They work in
    terminals, in 'Emacs' 'ESS', 'RStudio', 'Windows' 'Rgui' and the
    'macOS' 'R.app'. The package also provides a 'C++' 'API', that works
    with or without 'Rcpp'.
A simple interface to lat/long projection and datum
        transformation of the PROJ.4 cartographic projections library.
        It allows transformation of geographic coordinates from one
        projection and/or datum to another.
A clustering approach applicable to every projection method is proposed here [Thrun/Ultsch,2017] <DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.13124.53124>. The two-dimensional scatter plot of any projection method can construct a topographic map which displays unapparent data structures by using distance and density information of the data. The generalized U*-matrix renders this visualization in the form of a topographic map, which can be used to automatically define the clusters of high-dimensional data. The whole system is based on the book "Projection-Based Clustering through Self-Organization and Swarm Intelligence" <DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-20540-9>. Selecting the correct projection method will result in a visualization in which mountains surround each cluster. The number of clusters can be determined by counting valleys on the topographic map. Most projection methods are wrappers for already available methods in R. By contrast, the neighbor retrieval visualizer (NeRV) is based on C++ source code of the 'dredviz' software package, and the Curvilinear Component Analysis (CCA) is translated from 'MATLAB' ('SOM Toolbox' 2.0) to R.
Provides functions and graphics for projecting daily incidence based on past incidence, and estimates of the serial interval and reproduction number. Projections are based on a branching process using a Poisson-distributed number of new cases per day, similar to the model used for estimating R0 in 'EpiEstim' or in 'earlyR', and described by Nouvellet et al. (2017) <doi:10.1016/j.epidem.2017.02.012>.
Display dense vector representation of texts on a 2D plan to better
  understand embeddings by observing the neighbors of a selected text.
  It also includes an interactive application to change dynamically the pivot text.
Provides functions to
    automatically build a directory structure for a new R
    project. Using this structure, 'ProjectTemplate'
    automates data loading, preprocessing, library
    importing and unit testing.
Calculates the critical path for a series of tasks, 
	creates Gantt charts and generates network diagrams in order to 
	provide similar functionality to the basic tools offered by 'MS Project'.
Performs projection predictive feature selection for generalized linear models
    (see, e.g., Piironen and Vehtari, 2017, <doi:10.1007/s11222-016-9649-y>).
    The package is compatible with 'rstanarm' package, but other reference models
    can also be used. See the package vignette for more information and examples.
Provides functions for calculating and analyzing the proliferative 
    index (PI) from an RNA-seq dataset. As described in Ramaker & Lasseigne, 
    et al. bioRxiv, 2016 <doi:10.1101/063057>.
Provides fundamental abstractions for doing asynchronous programming
    in R using promises. Asynchronous programming is useful for allowing a single
    R process to orchestrate multiple tasks in the background while also attending
    to something else. Semantics are similar to 'JavaScript' promises, but with a
    syntax that is idiomatic R.
Deploy, maintain, and invoke predictive models using the 'Alteryx
    Promote' REST API.  'Alteryx Promote' is available at the URL:
    <https://www.alteryx.com/products/alteryx-promote>.
High-throughput experiments are now widely used in biological researches, which improves both the quality and quantity of omics data. Network-based presentation of these data has become a popular way in data analyses. This package mainly provides functions for biological network construction, visualization and analyses. Networks can be constructed either from experimental data or from a set of proteins and integrated PPI database. Based on them, users can perform traditional visualization, along with the subcellular localization based ones for Homo sapiens and Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, analyses including topological statistics, functional module clustering and go profiling can also be achieved.
Carrying out inferences about any linear combination of proportions and the ratio of two proportions.
Propagation of uncertainty using higher-order Taylor expansion and Monte Carlo simulation.
Computes two-sample confidence intervals for single, paired and independent proportions.
Implementation of propensity clustering and
        decomposition. Propensity decomposition can be viewed on the
        one hand as a generalization of the eigenvector-based
        approximation of correlation networks, and on the other hand as
        a generalization of random multigraph models and
        conformity-based decompositions.
Allows to parse 'Java' properties files in the context of
  'R Service Bus' applications.
Implements a procedure for forecasting time series data based on
    an additive model where non-linear trends are fit with yearly, weekly, and
    daily seasonality, plus holiday effects. It works best with time series
    that have strong seasonal effects and several seasons of historical data.
    Prophet is robust to missing data and shifts in the trend, and typically
    handles outliers well.
Abundant statistical literature has revealed the importance of constructing and evaluating various methods for constructing confidence intervals (CI) for single binomial proportion (p). We comprehensively provide procedures in frequentist (approximate with or without adding pseudo counts or continuity correction or exact) and in Bayesian cultures. Evaluation procedures for CI warrant active computational attention and required summaries pertaining to  four criterion (coverage probability, expected length, p-confidence, p-bias, and error) are implemented.
A package for selecting the most relevant features (genes) in the high-dimensional binary classification problems. The discriminative features are identified using analyzing the overlap between the expression values across both classes. The package includes functions for measuring the proportional overlapping score for each gene avoiding the outliers effect. The used measure for the overlap is the one defined in the "Proportional Overlapping Score (POS)" technique for feature selection. A gene mask which represents a gene's classification power can also be produced for each gene (feature). The set size of the selected genes might be set by the user. The minimum set of genes that correctly classify the maximum number of the given tissue samples (observations) can be also produced.
The bioinformatic evaluation of gene co-expression often begins with
    correlation-based analyses. However, this approach lacks statistical validity
    when applied to relative data. This includes, for example, biological count data
    generated by high-throughput RNA-sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP),
    ChIP-sequencing, Methyl-Capture sequencing, and other techniques. This package
    implements several metrics for proportionality, including
    phi [Lovell et al (2015) <DOI:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004075>] and
    rho [Erb and Notredame (2016) <DOI:10.1007/s12064-015-0220-8>]. This package also
    implements several metrics for differential proportionality. Unlike correlation,
    these measures give the same result for both relative and absolute data.
This package contains functions to run propensity-biased allocation to balance covariate distributions in sequential trials and propensity-constrained randomization to balance covariate distributions in trials with known baseline covariates at time of randomization.  Currently this package only supports trials comparing two groups.
An API wrapper around the 'ProPublica' API <https://projects.propublica.org/api-docs/congress-api/> for U.S. Congressional Bills. Users can include their API key, U.S. Congress, branch, and offset ranges, to return a dataframe of all results within those parameters. This package is different from the 'RPublica' package because it is for the 'ProPublica' U.S. Congress data API, and the 'RPublica' package is for the Nonprofit Explorer, Forensics, and Free the Files data APIs.
Offers a variety of tools, such as specific plots and regression model approaches, for analyzing different patient reported questionnaires. Specially, mixed-effects models based on the beta-binomial distribution are implemented to deal with binomial data with over-dispersion (see Najera-Zuloaga J., Lee D.-J. and Arostegui I. (2017) <doi:10.1177/0962280217690413>).
An extensible repository of accurate, up-to-date functions to score 
    commonly used patient-reported outcome (PRO), quality of life (QOL), and 
    other psychometric and psychological measures.  'PROscorer', together with 
    the 'PROscorerTools' package, is a system to facilitate the incorporation of 
    PRO measures into research studies and clinical settings in a scientifically 
    rigorous and reproducible manner.  These packages and their vignettes are 
    intended to help establish and promote "best practices" to improve the 
    planning, scoring, and reporting of PRO-like measures in research.  
    The 'PROscorer' "Instrument Descriptions" vignette contains descriptions of 
    each instrument scored by 'PROscorer', complete with references.  These 
    instrument descriptions are suitable for inclusion in formal study protocol 
    documents, grant proposals, and manuscript Method sections.  Each 
    'PROscorer' function is composed of helper functions from the 
    'PROscorerTools' package, and users are encouraged to contribute new 
    functions to 'PROscorer'.  More scoring functions are currently in 
    development and will be added in future updates.
Provides a reliable and flexible toolbox to score 
    patient-reported outcome (PRO), Quality of Life (QOL), and other 
    psychometric measures. The guiding philosophy is that scoring errors can 
    be eliminated by using a limited number of well-tested, well-behaved 
    functions to score PRO-like measures. The workhorse of the package is 
    the 'scoreScale' function, which can be used to score most single-scale 
    measures. It can reverse code items that need to be reversed before 
    scoring and pro-rate scores for missing item data. Currently, three 
    different types of scores can be output: summed item scores, mean item 
    scores, and scores scaled to range from 0 to 100. The 'PROscorerTools' 
    functions can be used to write new functions that score more complex 
    measures. In fact, 'PROscorerTools' functions are the building blocks of 
    the scoring functions in the 'PROscorer' package (which is a repository 
    of functions that score specific commonly-used instruments). Users are 
    encouraged to use 'PROscorerTools' to write scoring functions for their 
    favorite PRO-like instruments, and to submit these functions for 
    inclusion in 'PROscorer' (a tutorial vignette will be added soon). The 
    long-term vision for the 'PROscorerTools' and 'PROscorer' packages is to 
    provide an easy-to-use system to facilitate the incorporation of PRO 
    measures into research studies in a scientifically rigorous and 
    reproducible manner. These packages and their vignettes are intended to 
    help establish and promote "best practices" for scoring and describing 
    PRO-like measures in research.
The package provides functions for pretreatment and sample
    selection of visible and near infrared diffuse reflectance spectra
An implementation of protein descriptors in R. These descriptors
    combine the advantages of being fixed length and including partial sequential
    effect: Various length of protein sequences are described with fixed length
    vectors that are suitable for machine learning algorithms, and still includes
    partial sequential effect.
This package provides functions to identify the optimal
        solution that maximizes numbers of detectable differentiated
        proteins from a multi-stage clinical proteomic study.
Provides methods for making inference in isobaric labelled
    LC-MS/MS experiments, i.e. iTRAQ experiments. It provides a function that
    reasonably parses a CSV-export from Proteome Discoverer(TM) into a data
    frame that can be easily handled in R. Functions and methods are provided
    for quality control, filtering, norming, and the calculation of response
    variables for further analysis. The merging of multiple iTRAQ experiments
    with respect to a reference is also covered.
Method for protein quantification based on identified and
    quantified peptides. protiq can be used for absolute and relative protein
    quantification. Input peptide abundance scores can come from various
    sources, including SRM transition areas and intensities or spectral counts
    derived from shotgun experiments. The package is still being extended to
    also include the model for protein identification, MIPGEM, presented in
    Gerster, S., Qeli, E., Ahrens, C.H. and Buehlmann, P. (2010). Protein and
    gene model inference based on statistical modeling in k-partite graphs.
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107(27):12101-12106.
An object oriented system using object-based, also
	called prototype-based, rather than class-based object oriented ideas.
Greedy algorithm described in Bien and Tibshirani (2011)
        Prototype Selection for Interpretable Classification. Annals of
        Applied Statistics. 5(4). 2403-2424
Performs minimax linkage hierarchical clustering.  Every cluster
    has an associated prototype element that represents that cluster as
    described in Bien, J., and Tibshirani, R. (2011), "Hierarchical Clustering
    with Prototypes via Minimax Linkage," accepted for publication in The
    Journal of the American Statistical Association, DOI:
    10.1198/jasa.2011.tm10183.
PROTOLIDAR package contains functions for analyze the
        LIDAR scan of plants (grapevine) and make 3D maps in GRASS GIS.
Optimized C++ implementations for reading and writing protocol-buffers.
    Currently supports 'rexp.proto' for serializing R objects and 'geobuf.proto' for
    geojson data. This lightweight package is complementary to the much larger
    'RProtoBuf' package which provides a full featured toolkit for working with
    protocol-buffers in R.
'The Proton Game' is a console-based data-crunching game for younger and older data scientists.
  Act as a data-hacker and find Slawomir Pietraszko's credentials to the Proton server.
  You have to solve four data-based puzzles to find the login and password.
  There are many ways to solve these puzzles. You may use loops, data filtering, ordering, aggregation or other tools.
  Only basics knowledge of R is required to play the game, yet the more functions you know, the more approaches you can try.
  The knowledge of dplyr is not required but may be very helpful.
  This game is linked with the ,,Pietraszko's Cave'' story available at http://biecek.pl/BetaBit/Warsaw.
  It's a part of Beta and Bit series.
  You will find more about the Beta and Bit series at http://biecek.pl/BetaBit.
Procedures for testing for group-wide signal in clusters of variables. Tests can be performed for single groups in isolation (univariate) or multiple groups together (multivariate). Specific tests include the exact and approximate (un)selective likelihood ratio tests described in Reid et al (2015), the selective F test and marginal screening prototype test of Reid and Tibshirani (2015). User may pre-specify columns to be included in prototype formation, or allow the function to select them itself. A mixture of these two is also possible. Any variable selection is accounted for using the selective inference framework. Options for non-sampling and hit-and-run null reference distributions.
Comprehensive toolkit for generating various numerical
    features of protein sequences described in Xiao et al. (2015)
    <DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv042>. For full functionality,
    the software 'ncbi-blast+' is needed, see
    <https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PAGE_TYPE=BlastDocs&DOC_TYPE=Download>
    for more information.
'ProTracker' is a popular music tracker to sequence
    music on a Commodore Amiga machine. This package offers the
    opportunity to import, export, manipulate and play 'ProTracker'
    module files. Even though the file format could be considered
    archaic, it still remains popular to this date. This package
    intends to contribute to this popularity and therewith
    keeping the legacy of 'ProTracker' and the Commodore Amiga
    alive.
Helps with quality checks, visualizations 
    and analysis of mass spectrometry data, coming from proteomics 
    experiments. The package is developed, tested and used at the Functional 
    Genomics Center Zurich. We use this package mainly for prototyping, 
    teaching, and having fun with proteomics data. But it can also be 
    used to do data analysis for small scale data sets.
Tools for Natural Language Processing in French and texts from Marcel Proust's collection 
  "A La Recherche Du Temps Perdu". The novels contained in this collection are 
  "Du cote de chez Swann ", "A l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs","Le Cote de Guermantes", 
  "Sodome et Gomorrhe I et II", "La Prisonniere", "Albertine disparue", and "Le Temps retrouve".
Bundles a number of established statistical methods to facilitate the visual interpretation of large datasets in sedimentary geology. Includes functionality for adaptive kernel density estimation, principal component analysis, correspondence analysis, multidimensional scaling, generalised procrustes analysis and individual differences scaling using a variety of dissimilarity measures. Univariate provenance proxies, such as single-grain ages or (isotopic) compositions are compared with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kuiper or Sircombe-Hazelton L2 distances. Categorical provenance proxies such as chemical compositions are compared with the Aitchison and Bray-Curtis distances, and point-counting data with the chi-square distance. Also included are tools to plot compositional and point-counting data on ternary diagrams, to calculate the sample size required for specified levels of statistical precision, and to assess the effects of hydraulic sorting on detrital compositions. Includes an intuitive query-based user interface for users who are not proficient in R.
Provides an extensible framework for the efficient calculation of auto- and cross-proximities, along with implementations of the most popular ones.
Determine minimal protein set explaining
    peptide spectrum matches. Utility functions for creating libraries with decoys.
    Planned is peptide FDR estimation for search results.
Reverse depends for a given package are queued such that multiple
 workers can run the tests in parallel.
Computes the areas under the precision-recall (PR) and ROC curve for weighted (e.g., soft-labeled) and unweighted data. In contrast to other implementations, the interpolation between points of the PR curve is done by a non-linear piecewise function. In addition to the areas under the curves, the curves themselves can also be computed and plotted by a specific S3-method. References: Davis and Goadrich (2006) <doi:10.1145/1143844.1143874>; Keilwagen et al. (2014) <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0092209>; Grau et al. (2015) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv153>.
Tests periodicity in short time series using response surface regression.
Useful tools to pry back the covers of R and understand the
    language at a deeper level.
Data sets and functions used in the polish book 
    "Przewodnik po pakiecie R" (The Hitchhiker's Guide to the R). 
    See more at <http://biecek.pl/R>. Among others you will find here 
    data about housing prices, cancer patients, running times and many others.
A collection of functions that primarily produce graphics
        to aid in a Propensity Score Analysis (PSA).  Functions
        include: cat.psa and box.psa to test balance within strata of
        categorical and quantitative covariates, circ.psa for a
        representation of the estimated effect size by stratum,
        loess.psa that provides a graphic and loess based effect size
        estimate, and various balance functions that provide measures
        of the balance achieved via a PSA in a categorical covariate.
Algorithms for fitting penalized parametric and semiparametric Bayesian survival models with shrinkage and grouping priors.
Segmentation of allele-specific DNA copy number data and detection of regions with abnormal copy number within each parental chromosome.  Both tumor-normal paired and tumor-only analyses are supported.
Bayesian analysis of item-response theory (IRT) models,
	     roll call analysis; computing highest density regions; maximum
	     likelihood estimation of zero-inflated and hurdle models for count
	     data; goodness-of-fit measures for GLMs; data sets used
	     in writing	and teaching at the Political Science
	     Computational Laboratory; seats-votes curves.
Provides a number of functions to
  simplify and automate the scoring, comparison, and evaluation of
  different ways of creating composites of data.  It is particularly
  aimed at facilitating the creation of physiological composites of
  metabolic syndrome symptom score (MSSS) and allostatic load (AL).
Produces power spectral density estimates through iterative
    refinement of the optimal number of sine-tapers at each frequency. This
    optimization procedure is based on the method of Riedel and Sidorenko
    (1995), which minimizes the Mean Square Error (sum of variance and bias)
    at each frequency, but modified for computational stability.
An implementation of symbolic polygonal data analysis. The package presents the estimation of main descriptive statistical measures, e.g, mean, covariance, variance, correlation and coefficient of variation. 
            In addition, transformation of the data in polygons. Empirical probability distribution function based on 
            polygonal histogram and regression models are presented.
This R package includes functions for gathering commonly used and
    regularly maintained data set in political science. It also includes
    functions for combining components from these data sets into variables that
    have been suggested in the literature, but are not regularly maintained.
Functions for creating Latin Hypercubes with
    prescribed correlations and performing parameter space exploration.
    Also implements the PLUE method.
    Based on the package sensitivity, by Gilles Pujol,
    Bertrand Iooss & Alexandre Janon.
Various functions for computing pseudo-observations for censored data regression. Computes pseudo-observations for modeling: competing risks based on the cumulative incidence function, survival function based on the restricted mean,  survival function based on the Kaplan-Meier estimator see Klein et al. (2008) <doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2007.11.017>.
Contains the core methods for the evaluation of principal
    surrogates in a single clinical trial. Provides a flexible interface for
    defining models for the risk given treatment and the surrogate, the models
    for integration over the missing counterfactual surrogate responses, and the
    estimation methods. Estimated maximum likelihood and pseudo-score can be used
    for estimation, and the bootstrap for inference. A variety of post-estimation
    summary methods are provided, including print, summary, plot, and testing.
Pattern Sequence Based Forecasting (PSF) takes univariate
    time series data as input and assist to forecast its future values.
    This algorithm forecasts the behavior of time series
    based on similarity of pattern sequences. Initially, clustering is done with the
    labeling of samples from database. The labels associated with samples are then
    used for forecasting the future behaviour of time series data. The further
    technical details and references regarding PSF are discussed in Vignette.
Implements projected sparse Gaussian process Kriging (Ingram 'et. al.', 2008, <doi:10.1007/s00477-007-0163-9>) as an additional method for the 'intamap' package. More details on implementation (Barillec 'et. al.', 2010, <doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2010.05.008>).
This package contains functions to calculate the Specificity Index statistic, which can be used for comparative quantitative analysis to identify genes enriched in specific cell populations across a large number of profiles, as well as perform numerous post-processing operations. NOTE:Supplementary data (human & mouse expression sets, calculated pSI datasets, etc.) can be found in pSI.data package located at the following URL: http://genetics.wustl.edu/jdlab/psi_package/
Makes it easy to build panel data in wide format from Panel Survey
    of Income Dynamics ('PSID') delivered raw data. Deals with data downloaded and
    pre-processed by 'Stata' or 'SAS', or can optionally download directly from
    the PSID server using the 'SAScii' package. 'psidR' takes care of merging
    data from each wave onto a cross-period index file, so that individuals can be
    followed over time. The user must specify which years they are interested in,
    and the 'PSID' variable names (e.g. ER21003) for each year (they differ in each
    year). The package offers helper functions to retrieve variable names from different
    waves. There are different panel data designs and sample subsetting criteria
    implemented ("SRC", "SEO", "immigrant" and "latino" samples).
Generalization of the SIMEX algorithm from Cook & Stefanski (1994) <doi:10.2307/2290994> for the calculation of inbreeding depression or heritability on pedigree structures affected by missing or misassigned paternities. It simulates errors and tracks the behavior of the estimate as a function of the error proportion. It extrapolates back a true value corresponding to the null error rate.
Data and statistics of Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement (PSLM) survey 2014-15 from Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (<http://www.pbs.gov.pk/>).
Functions for fitting linear and non-linear mixed-effects models using
        stochastic differential equations (SDEs). The package allows for any multivariate
        non-linear time-variant model to be specified, and it also handles multidimensional
        input, covariates, missing observations, and specification of dosage regimen.
        The provided pipeline relies on the coupling of the FOCE algorithm and Kalman filtering
        as outlined by Klim et al (2009, <doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2009.02.001>) and has been
        validated against the proprietary software 'NONMEM' (Tornoe et al, 2005,
        <doi:10.1007/s11095-005-5269-5>). Further functions are provided for finding
        smoothed estimates of model states and for simulation.
The package provides an implementation of PSO consistent
        with the standard PSO 2007/2011 by Maurice Clerc et al.
        Additionally a number of ancillary routines are provided for
        easy testing and graphics.
Particle swarm optimization - a basic variant.
Spearman's rank correlation test with precomputed exact
        null distribution for n <= 22.
Smoothing splines with penalties on order m derivatives.
Performs demographic, bifurcation and evolutionary analysis of physiologically structured population models, which is a class of models that consistently translates continuous-time models of individual life history to the population level.
    A model of individual life history has to be implemented specifying the individual-level functions that determine the life history, such as development and mortality rates and fecundity. 
    M.A. Kirkilionis, O. Diekmann, B. Lisser, M. Nool, B. Sommeijer & A.M. de Roos (2001) <doi:10.1142/S0218202501001264>.
    O.Diekmann, M.Gyllenberg & J.A.J.Metz (2003) <doi:10.1016/S0040-5809(02)00058-8>.
    A.M. de Roos (2008) <doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01121.x>.
Estimates parameters of a piecewise exponential model for time to progression and time from progression to death with interval censoring of the time to progression and covariates for each distribution using proportional hazards.
Provides a framework for analysing state sequences with probabilistic suffix trees (PST), the construction that stores variable length Markov chains (VLMC). Besides functions for learning and optimizing VLMC models, the PST library includes many additional tools to analyse sequence data with these models: visualization tools, functions for sequence prediction and artificial sequences generation, as well as for context and pattern mining. The package is specifically adapted to the field of social sciences by allowing to learn VLMC models from sets of individual sequences possibly containing missing values, and by accounting for case weights. The  library also allows to compute probabilistic divergence between two models, and to fit segmented VLMC, where sub-models fitted to distinct strata of the learning sample are stored in a single PST. This software results from research work executed within the framework of the Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES, which is financed by the Swiss National Science Foundation. The authors are grateful to the Swiss National Science Foundation for its financial support.
Calculating Pst values to assess differentiation among populations from a set of quantitative traits is the primary purpose of such a package. The bootstrap method provides confidence intervals and distribution histograms of Pst. Variations of Pst in function of the parameter c/h^2 are studied as well. Finally, the package proposes different transformations especially to eliminate any variation resulting from allometric growth (calculation of residuals from linear regressions, Reist standardizations or Aitchison transformation).
The propensity score is one of the most widely used tools in studying the causal effect
    of a treatment, intervention, or policy. Given that the propensity score is usually unknown,
    it has to be estimated, implying that the reliability of many treatment effect estimators depends
    on the correct specification of the (parametric) propensity score. This package provides
    data-driven nonparametric diagnostic tools for detecting propensity score misspecification.
Provides the Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) modelling.
    The modelling procedure consists of three stages: Specification, Estimation and Evaluation.
    The package offers sharp tools helping the package user(s) to conduct model specification tests,
    to do PSTR model estimation, and to do model evaluation.
    The tests implemented in the package allow for cluster-dependency and are heteroskedasticity-consistent.
    The wild bootstrap and wild cluster bootstrap tests are also implemented.
    Parallel computation (as an option) is implemented in some functions, especially the bootstrap tests.
    The package suits tasks running many cores on super-computation servers.
Functions to simulate Poisson or Normally distributed responses relative to 
  a baseline and compute achieved significance level and powers for tests on the
  simulated responses.
Provides propensity score weighting methods to control for confounding in causal inference with dichotomous treatments and continuous/binary outcomes. It includes the following functional modules: (1) visualization of the propensity score distribution in both treatment groups with mirror histogram, (2) covariate balance diagnosis, (3) propensity score model specification test, (4) weighted estimation of treatment effect, and (5) augmented estimation of treatment effect with outcome regression. The weighting methods include the inverse probability weight (IPW) for estimating the average treatment effect (ATE), the IPW for average treatment effect of the treated (ATT), the IPW for the average treatment effect of the controls (ATC), the matching weight (MW), the overlap weight (OVERLAP), and the trapezoidal weight (TRAPEZOIDAL). Sandwich variance estimation is provided to adjust for the sampling variability of the estimated propensity score. These methods are discussed by Hirano et al (2003) <DOI:10.1111/1468-0262.00442>, Lunceford and Davidian (2004) <DOI:10.1002/sim.1903>, Li and Greene (2013) <DOI:10.1515/ijb-2012-0030>, and Li et al (2016) <DOI:10.1080/01621459.2016.1260466>.
Kappa, ICC, Cronbach alpha, screeplot, mtmm
A general purpose toolbox for personality, psychometric theory and experimental psychology.   Functions are primarily for multivariate analysis and scale construction using factor analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and reliability analysis, although others provide basic descriptive statistics. Item Response Theory is done using  factor analysis of tetrachoric and polychoric correlations. Functions for analyzing data at multiple levels include within and between group statistics, including correlations and factor analysis.   Functions for simulating and testing particular item and test structures are included. Several functions  serve as a useful front end for structural equation modeling.  Graphical displays of path diagrams, factor analysis and structural equation models are created using basic graphics. Some of the functions are written to support a book on psychometric theory as well as publications in personality research. For more information, see the <https://personality-project.org/r> web page.
Tools for computing bare-bones and psychometric meta-analyses and for generating psychometric data for use in meta-analysis simulations. Supports bare-bones, individual-correction, and artifact-distribution methods for meta-analyzing correlations and d values. Includes tools for converting effect sizes, computing sporadic artifact corrections, reshaping meta-analytic databases, computing multivariate corrections for range variation, and more. Bugs can be reported to <https://github.com/jadahlke/psychmeta/issues> or <issues@psychmeta.com>.
Toolbox for psychologists, neuropsychologists and neuroscientists. 
 It implements methods to create report-ready outputs for many statistical models, 
 as well as various convenient statistical functions used in psychological science, 
 such as correlation matrices and standardization.
Contains functions useful for correlation theory,
        meta-analysis (validity-generalization), reliability, item
        analysis, inter-rater reliability, and classical utility
Psychometric mixture models based on 'flexmix' infrastructure. At the moment Rasch mixture models
  with different parameterizations of the score distribution (saturated vs. mean/variance specification),
  Bradley-Terry mixture models, and MPT mixture models are implemented. These mixture models can be estimated
  with or without concomitant variables. See vignette('raschmix', package = 'psychomix') for details on the
  Rasch mixture models.
Infrastructure for psychometric modeling such as data classes
  (for item response data and paired comparisons), basic model fitting
  functions (for Bradley-Terry, Rasch, partial credit, rating scale,
  multinomial processing tree models), extractor functions for different types
  of parameters (item, person, threshold, discrimination), unified inference
  and visualizations, and various datasets for illustration. Intended as a
  common lightweight and efficient toolbox for psychometric modeling and a
  common building block for fitting psychometric mixture models in package
  "psychomix" and trees based on psychometric models in package "psychotree".
Recursive partitioning based on psychometric models,
  employing the general MOB algorithm (from package partykit) to obtain
  Bradley-Terry trees, Rasch trees, rating scale and partial credit trees, and
  MPT trees.
Person fit statistics based on Quality Control measures are provided for questionnaires and tests given a specified IRT model. Statistics based on Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) charts are provided. Options are given for banks with polytomous and dichotomous data.
Analyse location data such as latitude,
    longitude, and elevation. Based on spherical trigonometry, variables such as
    speed, bearing, and distances can be calculated from moment to moment, 
    depending on the sampling frequency of the equipment used, and independent 
    of scale. Additionally, the package can plot tracks, coordinates, and shapes
    on maps, and sub-tracks can be selected with point-in-polygon or other 
    techniques. The package is optimized to support behavioural science 
    experiments with multiple tracks. It can detect and clean up errors in the 
    data, and resulting data can be exported to be analysed in statistical 
    software or geographic information systems (GIS).
An assortment of functions that could be useful in analyzing data from psychophysical experiments. It includes functions for calculating d' from several different experimental designs, links for m-alternative forced-choice (mafc) data to be used with the binomial family in glm (and possibly other contexts) and self-Start functions for estimating gamma values for CRT screen calibrations.
A multiway method to decompose a tensor (array) of any order, as a generalisation of SVD also supporting non-identity metrics and penalisations. 2-way SVD with these extensions is also available. The package includes also some other multiway methods: PCAn (Tucker-n) and PARAFAC/CANDECOMP with these extensions.
We provide inference for personalized medicine models. Namely, we answer the questions: (1) how much better does a purported personalized recommendation engine for treatments do over a business-as-usual approach and (2) is that difference statistically significant?
Implements p-value computations using an approximation to the cumulative distribution function for a variety of tests for periodicity. These tests include harmonic regression tests with normal and double exponential errors as well as modifications of Fisher's g test. An accompanying vignette illustrates the application of these tests.
Function 'pip3d' tests whether a point in 3D space is
  within, exactly on, or outside an enclosed surface defined by a triangular mesh.
  Function 'pip2d' tests whether a point in 2D space is within, exactly on, or outside a polygon.
Fits and analyses time dependent marked point process models with an emphasis on earthquake modelling. For a more detailed introduction to the package, see the topic "PtProcess". A list of recent changes can be found in the topic "Change Log".
Wraps a collection of stemming algorithms for the Portuguese
    Language.
Parametric Time Warping aligns patterns, i.e. it aims to
        put corresponding features at the same locations. The algorithm
        searches for an optimal polynomial describing the warping. It
        is possible to align one sample to a reference, several samples
        to the same reference, or several samples to several
        references. One can choose between calculating individual
        warpings, or one global warping for a set of samples and one
        reference. Two optimization criteria are implemented: RMS (Root
        Mean Square error) and WCC (Weighted Cross Correlation). Both
	warping of peak profiles and of peak lists are supported.
Contains a dataset of words used in 15.000 randomly extracted pages
    from the Portuguese Wikipedia (<https://pt.wikipedia.org/>).
Generates Proteomics (PTX) quality control (QC) reports for shotgun LC-MS data analyzed with the 
             MaxQuant software suite (see <http://www.maxquant.org>).
             Reports are customizable (target thresholds, subsetting) and available in HTML or PDF format.
             Published in J. Proteome Res., Proteomics Quality Control: Quality Control Software for MaxQuant Results (2015) <doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00780>.
Bayesian variable selection for linear regression models using hierarchical
  priors. There is a prior that combines information across responses and one
  that combines information across covariates, as well as a standard spike and
  slab prior for comparison. An MCMC samples from the marginal posterior
  distribution for the 0-1 variables indicating if each covariate belongs to the
  model for each response.
A toolbox for making R functions and capabilities more
    accessible to students and professionals from Epidemiology and
    Public Health related disciplines. Includes a function to report 
    coefficients and confidence intervals from models using robust
    standard errors (when available), functions that expand lattice
    plots and functions relevant for introductory papers in Epidemiology 
    or Public Health. Please note that use of the 
    provided data sets is for educational purposes only.
A bunch of convenience functions that transform the results of some basic statistical analyses
       into table format nearly ready for publication. This includes descriptive tables, tables of
       logistic regression and Cox regression results as well as forest plots.
Text mining of PubMed Abstracts (text and XML) from <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed>.
Create a word cloud using the abstract of publications from 'Pubmed'.
Efficient algorithm for solving PU (Positive and Unlabelled) problem in low or high dimensional setting with lasso or group lasso penalty. The algorithm uses Maximization-Minorization and (block) coordinate descent. Sparse calculation and parallel computing are supported for the computational speed-up. See Hyebin Song, Garvesh Raskutti (2017) <arXiv:1711.08129>.
R Interface to Pullword Service for natural language processing
    in Chinese. It enables users to extract valuable words from text by deep learning models. 
    For more details please visit the official site (in Chinese) http://pullword.com/.
R package to query and get data out of a Pumilio sound archive system (http://ljvillanueva.github.io/pumilio/).
PurBayes is an MCMC-based algorithm that uses
        next-generation sequencing data to estimate tumor purity and
        clonality for paired tumor-normal data.
Enables the removal of training data from fitted R models while
    retaining predict functionality. The purged models are more portable as their
    memory footprints do not scale with the training sample size.
Simple method of purging independent variables of mediating effects. First, regress the direct variable on the indirect variable. Then, used the stored residuals as the new purged (direct) variable in the updated specification. This purging process allows for use of a new direct variable uncorrelated with the indirect variable. Please cite the method and/or package using Waggoner, Philip D. (2018) <doi:10.1177/1532673X18759644>.
A complete and consistent functional programming toolkit for R.
Some functions at the intersection of 'dplyr' and 'purrr' that 
  formerly lived in 'purrr'.
Send push notifications to mobile devices or the desktop using Pushover. These notifications can display job status, results, scraped web data, or any other text or numeric data.
Likelihood based population viability analysis in the
  presence of observation error and missing data.
  The package can be used to fit, compare, predict,
  and forecast various growth model types using data cloning.
Computes nonparametric p-values for the potential class
        memberships of new observations as well as cross-validated
        p-values for the training data. The p-values are based on
        permutation tests applied to an estimated Bayesian likelihood
        ratio, using a plug-in statistic for the Gaussian model, 'k
        nearest neighbors', 'weighted nearest neighbors' or
        'penalized logistic regression'.
        Additionally, it provides graphical displays and quantitative
        analyses of the p-values.
An implementation of multiscale bootstrap resampling for
             assessing the uncertainty in hierarchical cluster analysis.
             It provides AU (approximately unbiased) p-value as well as
             BP (bootstrap probability) value for each cluster in a dendrogram.
Estimates (and controls for) phylogenetic signal through phylogenetic eigenvectors regression (PVR) and phylogenetic signal-representation (PSR) curve, along with some plot utilities.
Computes rank correlations and their p-values with various options for tied ranks.
The pvsR package facilitates data retrieval from Project
    Vote Smart's rich online data base on US politics via the Project Vote
    Smart application programming interface (PVS API). The functions in this
    package cover most PVS API classes and methods and return the
    requested data in a data frame.
Contains functions which allow the user to perform time series regression quickly using the Power Weighted Densities (PWD) approach. alphahat_LR_one_Rcpp() is the main workhorse function within this package.
Calculates various functions needed for design and monitoring survival trials
    accounting for complex situations such as delayed treatment effect, treatment crossover, non-uniform accrual,
    and different censoring distributions between groups. The event time distribution is assumed to be
    piecewise exponential (PWE) distribution and the entry time is assumed to be piecewise uniform distribution.
    As compared with Version 1.1.0, this version includes the calculation of the restricted mean survival time and weighted log-rank statistics.
This R package contains open source implementations
  of several p-value weighting methods, including Spjotvoll, exponential
  and Bayes weights. These are methods for improving power in multiple testing
  via the use of prior information.
Utilities for working with air quality monitoring data
    with a focus on small particulates (PM2.5) generated by wildfire
    smoke. Functions are provided for downloading available data from
    the United States 'EPA' <https://www.epa.gov/outdoor-air-quality-data> and
    it's 'AirNow' air quality site <https://www.airnow.gov>.
    Additional sources of PM2.5 data made accessible by the package include:
    'AIRSIS' (password protected) <https://www.oceaneering.com/data-management/>
    and 'WRCC' <https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/smoke.pl>.
    Pregenerated data compilations are provided by 'PWFSL'
    <https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pwfsl/>.
Power analysis functions along the lines of Cohen (1988).
User friendly functions for power and sample size analysis at one-way and two-way ANOVA settings take either effect size or delta and sigma as arguments. They are designed for both one-way and two-way ANOVA settings. In addition, a function for plotting power curves is available for power comparison, which can be easily visualized by statisticians and clinical researchers.
Power analysis for AB testing. The calculations are based on the Welch's unequal variances t-test,
  which is generally preferred over the Student's t-test when sample sizes and variances of the two groups are
  unequal, which is frequently the case in AB testing. In such situations, the Student's t-test will give 
  biased results due to using the pooled standard deviation, unlike the Welch's t-test.
This is a package for calculating power and sample size 
 in multiple testing situations using the Benjamini-Hochberg (BH)
 false discovery rate (FDR) procedure. The package computes power 
 and sample size in one of either two ways, using the average 
 power or the lambda-power. See Izmirlian, G. (2018) <arXiv:1801.03989>.
Tools for the evaluation of interim analysis plans for sequentially
 monitored trials on a survival endpoint; tools to construct efficacy and 
 futility boundaries, for deriving power of a sequential design at a specified
 alternative, template for evaluating the performance of candidate plans at a 
 set of time varying alternatives.
Statistical power simulation for testing the Rasch Model based on a three-way analysis of variance design with mixed classification.
The Penn World Table provides purchasing power parity and
	national income accounts converted to international prices for
	189 countries for some or all of the years 1950-2010.
The Penn World Table 8.x provides information on relative levels of
	income, output, inputs, and productivity for 167 countries
	between 1950 and 2011.
The Penn World Table 9.x provides information on relative levels of
	income, output, inputs, and productivity for 182 countries
	between 1950 and 2014.
Provides a set of functions for reading and writing PC-Axis files, used by different statistical organizations around the globe for data dissemination.
Function to read PX-Web data into R via API. The example code reads data from the three national statistical institutes, Statistics Norway, Statistics Sweden and Statistics Finland.
Given a SpatialPolygonsDataFrame and a set of populations for each polygon,
 compute a population density estimate based on Tobler's pycnophylactic interpolation
 algorithm. The result is a SpatialGridDataFrame.
Deterministic Pena-Yohai initial estimator for robust S estimators
    of regression. The procedure is described in detail in
    Pena, D., & Yohai, V. (1999) <doi:10.2307/2670164>.
Drawing population pyramid using (1) data.frame or (2) vectors.
	 The former is named as pyramid() and the latter pyramids(), as wrapper
	 function of pyramid().  pyramidf() is the function to draw population
	 pyramid within the specified frame.
Interact with 'Python' <https://www.python.org/> from within 'R'.
Implements heuristics for the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP). Currently only a simulated annealing heuristic is available.
Functions for a scientific quality assurance of meteorological data.
An extensive set of functions to perform Qualitative Comparative Analysis:
             crisp sets ('csQCA'), temporal ('tQCA'), multi-value ('mvQCA')
             and fuzzy sets ('fsQCA'), using a GUI - graphical user interface.
             'QCA' is a methodology that bridges the qualitative and quantitative divide
             in social science research. It uses a Boolean algorithm that results in a
             minimal causal combination that explains a given phenomenon.
Implements tests for Type I error in Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) that take into account the multiple hypothesis tests inherent in the procedure. Tests can be carried out on three variants of QCA: crisp-set QCA (csQCA), multi-value QCA (mvQCA) and fuzzy-set QCA (fsQCA). For fsQCA, the fsQCApermTest() command implements a permutation test that provides 95% confidence intervals for the number of counterexamples and degree of consistency, respectively. The distributions of permuted values can be plotted against the observed values. For csQCA and mvQCA, simple binomial tests are implemented in csQCAbinTest() and mvQCAbinTest(), respectively.
Provides advanced functionality for performing configurational comparative research with Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), including crisp-set, multi-value, and fuzzy-set QCA. It also offers advanced tools for sensitivity diagnostics and methodological evaluations of QCA.
Helper functions for Qualitative Comparative Analysis: evaluate and
    plot Boolean formulae on fuzzy set score data, apply Boolean operations, compute
    consistency and coverage measures.
CBA postprocessing algorithm that creates smaller models for datasets containing quantitative (numerical) attributes. Article describing QCBA is published in Tomas Kliegr (2017) <arXiv:1711.10166>.
Shewhart quality control charts for continuous, attribute and count data. Cusum and EWMA charts. Operating characteristic curves. Process capability analysis. Pareto chart and cause-and-effect chart. Multivariate control charts.
Tools for (automated and manual) quality control of
  the results of Epigenome-Wide Association Studies.
Tools for (automated and manual) quality control of
  the results of Genome Wide Association Studies
Robust estimation of Gaussian mixture models fitted by modified EM algorithm, robust clustering and classification.
Quality control of chromatin immunoprecipitation libraries (ChIP-seq) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). This function calculates Enrichment value with respect to reference for each histone modification (specific to 'Vii7' software <http://www.thermofisher.com/ca/en/home/life-science/pcr/real-time-pcr/real-time-pcr-instruments/viia-7-real-time-pcr-system/viia-7-software.html>). This function is applicable to full panel of histone modifications described by International Human Epigenomic Consortium (IHEC).
Allows to generate Shewhart-type charts and to obtain
    numerical results of interest for a process quality control
    (involving  continuous, attribute or count data).
    This package provides basic functionality for univariable and multivariable
    quality control analysis, including: xbar, xbar-one, S, R, ewna, cusum,
    mewna, mcusum  and T2 charts. Additionally have nonparametric
    control  charts multivariate. Parametric and nonparametric Process Capability Indices.
Simulates a 5 qubit Quantum Computer and evaluates quantum circuits with 1,2
             qubit quantum gates.
Quantile correlation-sure independence screening (QC-SIS) and composite quantile correlation-sure independence screening (CQC-SIS) for ultrahigh-dimensional data.
Automates many of the tasks associated with quantitative discourse analysis of
          transcripts containing discourse including frequency counts of sentence types,
          words, sentences, turns of talk, syllables and other assorted analysis tasks. The
          package provides parsing tools for preparing transcript data. Many functions enable
          the user to aggregate data by any number of grouping variables, providing analysis
          and seamless integration with other R packages that undertake higher level analysis
          and visualization of text. This affords the user a more efficient and targeted
          analysis. 'qdap' is designed for transcript analysis, however, many functions are
          applicable to other areas of Text Mining/ Natural Language Processing.
A collection of text analysis dictionaries and word lists for use with
        the 'qdap' package.
A collection of regular expression tools associated with
        the 'qdap' package that may be useful outside of the context of
        discourse analysis. Tools include
        removal/extraction/replacement of abbreviations, dates, dollar
        amounts, email addresses, hash tags, numbers, percentages,
        citations, person tags, phone numbers, times, and zip codes.
A collection of tools associated with the 'qdap' package
        that may be useful outside of the context of text analysis.
This package provides different specifications of a Quadrilateral
    Dissimilarity Model which can be used to fit same-different judgments
    in order to get a predicted matrix that satisfies regular minimality
    [Colonius & Dzhafarov, 2006, Measurement and representations of
    sensations, Erlbaum]. From such a matrix, Fechnerian distances can be
    computed.
Accurate estimates of the diets of predators are required
    in many areas of ecology, but for many species current methods are
    imprecise, limited to the last meal, and often biased. The diversity
    of fatty acids and their patterns in organisms, coupled with the
    narrow limitations on their biosynthesis, properties of digestion in
    monogastric animals, and the prevalence of large storage reservoirs of
    lipid in many predators, led us to propose the use of quantitative
    fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA) to study predator diets.
An implementation of Quantitative Fatty Acid Signature
    Analysis (QFASA) in R.  QFASA is a method of estimating the diet
    composition of predators.  The fundamental unit of information in
    QFASA is a fatty acid signature (signature), which is a vector of
    proportions describing the composition of fatty acids within lipids.
    Signature data from at least one predator and from samples of all
    potential prey types are required.  Calibration coefficients, which
    adjust for the differential metabolism of individual fatty acids by
    predators, are also required. Given those data inputs, a predator
    signature is modeled as a mixture of prey signatures and its diet
    estimate is obtained as the mixture that minimizes a measure of
    distance between the observed and modeled signatures.  A variety of
    estimation options and simulation capabilities are implemented.
    Please refer to the vignette for additional details and references.
Option pricing (financial derivatives) techniques mainly following textbook 'Options, Futures and Other Derivatives', 9ed by John C.Hull, 2014. Prentice Hall. Implementations are via binomial tree option model (BOPM), Black-Scholes model, Monte Carlo simulations, etc. 
  This package is a result of Quantitative Financial Risk Management course (STAT 449 and STAT 649) at Rice University, Houston, TX, USA, taught by Oleg Melnikov, statistics PhD student, as of Spring 2015.
Smooth additive quantile regression models, fitted using
    the methods of Fasiolo et al. (2017) <arXiv:1707.03307>. Differently from
    'quantreg', the smoothing parameters are estimated automatically by marginal
    loss minimization, while the regression coefficients are estimated using either
    PIRLS or Newton algorithm. The learning rate is determined so that the Bayesian
    credible intervals of the estimated effects have approximately the correct
    coverage. The main function is qgam() which is similar to gam() in 'mgcv', but
    fits non-parametric quantile regression models.
Density, distribution function, quantile function and 
  random generation for the q-gaussian distribution with parameters mu and sig.
Compute various quantitative genetics parameters from a Generalised Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) estimates. Especially, it yields the observed phenotypic mean, phenotypic variance and additive genetic variance.
Weighted network visualization and analysis, as well as Gaussian graphical model computation. See Epskamp et al. (2012) <doi:10.18637/jss.v048.i04>.
Two linear mixed model approaches: REML(restricted maximum likelihood) and MINQUE (minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation) approaches and several resampling techniques are integrated for various quantitative genetics analyses. With these two types of approaches, various unbalanced data structures, missing data, and any irregular genetic  mating designs can be analyzed and statistically tested. This package also offers fast computations for many large data sets. Other functions will be added to this R tool in the future.
Multivariate description of the state changes of a qualitative variable by  
             Correspondence Analysis and Clustering. See:
             Deville, J.C., & Saporta, G. (1983). 
                 Correspondence analysis, with an extension towards nominal time series. 
                 Journal of econometrics, 22(1-2), 169-189.
             Corrales, M.L., & Pardo, C.E. (2015) <doi:10.15332/s2027-3355.2015.0001.01>. 
                 Analisis de datos longitudinales cualitativos con analisis de correspondencias y clasificacion. 
                 Comunicaciones en Estadistica, 8(1), 11-32.
Extremely fast algorithm "QICD", Iterative Coordinate 
              Descent Algorithm for High-dimensional Nonconvex Penalized Quantile 
              Regression. This algorithm combines the coordinate descent algorithm 
              in the inner iteration with the majorization minimization step 
              in the outside step. For each inner univariate minimization problem, 
              we only need to compute a one-dimensional weighted median, 
              which ensures fast computation. Tuning parameter selection is based 
              on two different method: the cross validation and BIC for 
              quantile regression model. Details are described in Peng,B and Wang,L. (2015) 
              <DOI:10.1080/10618600.2014.913516>.
Functions for making run charts and basic Shewhart control
    charts for measure and count data.
    The main function, qic(), creates run and control charts and has a
    simple interface with a rich set of options to control data analysis
    and plotting, including options for automatic data aggregation by
    subgroups, easy analysis of before-and-after data, exclusion of one
    or more data points from analysis, and splitting charts into
    sequential time periods.
    Missing values and empty subgroups are handled gracefully.
Functions for making run charts, Shewhart control charts and
    Pareto charts for continuous quality improvement. Included control charts are:
    I, MR, Xbar, S, T, C, U, U', P, P', and G charts. Non-random variation in the
    form of minor to moderate persistent shifts in data over time is identified by
    the Anhoej rules for unusually long runs and unusually few crossing 
    [Anhoej, Olesen (2014) <doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113825>].
    Non-random variation in the form of larger, possibly transient, shifts is
    identified by Shewhart's 3-sigma rule [Mohammed, Worthington, Woodall (2008)
    <doi:10.1136/qshc.2004.012047>].
Open QIIME output files in R, compute statistics, and
    create plots from the data.
Qiita is a technical knowledge sharing and collaboration platform for programmers.
  See <https://qiita.com/api/v2/docs> for more information.
This is a collection of functions to read, recode, and transcode data for QLC.
Extension of the functionality of the Matrix package for using sparse matrices. Some of the functions are very general, while other are highly specific for special data format as used for quantitative language comparison (QLC).
Collection of visualizations as used in quantitative language comparison.
A simulation-based quasi-likelihood method (Baaske, M., Ballani, F., v.d. Boogaart, K.G. (2014) <doi:10.5566/ias.v33.p107-119>) for parameter estimation of parametric statistical models for which closed-form representations of distributional characteristics are unavailable and can only be obtained by computationally intensive simulations of the model.
Functions to implement Q-learning for estimating optimal
        dynamic treatment regimes from two stage sequentially
        randomized trials, and to perform inference via m-out-of-n
        bootstrap for parameters indexing the optimal regime.
Implements Q-Learning, a model-free form of reinforcement
        learning, described in work by Strehl, Li, Wiewiora, Langford &
        Littman (2006) <doi:10.1145/1143844.1143955>.
Empirical adjustment of the distribution of variables originating from (regional) climate model simulations using quantile mapping.
Analysis of Q methodology, used to identify distinct perspectives existing within a group.
  This methodology is used across social, health and environmental sciences to understand diversity of attitudes, discourses, or decision-making styles (for more information, see <http://qmethod.org>).
  A single function runs the full analysis. Each step can be run separately using the corresponding functions: for automatic flagging of Q-sorts (manual flagging is optional), for statement scores, for distinguishing and consensus statements, and for general characteristics of the factors.
  Additional functions are available to import and export data, to print and plot, to import raw data from individual *.CSV files, and to make printable cards.
  The package also offers functions to print Q cards and to generate Q distributions for study administration.
  The package uses principal components and it allows manual or automatic flagging, a number of mathematical methods for rotation, and a number of correlation coefficients for the initial correlation matrix.
  See further details in the package documentation, and in the web pages below, which include a cookbook, guidelines for more advanced analysis (how to perform manual flagging or change the sign of factors), data management, and a beta graphical user interface for online and offline use.
Basic functions for building parsers, with an application to PC-AXIS format files.
Provides functionality for model validation by computing a
    parametric bootstrap and comparing the Quantile Spectral Densities.
Model fitting, optimal model selection and calculation of various features that are essential in the analysis of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
use 2^ddCT methods calculate the relative gene expression,
        data file can be export from bio-rad qpcr machine, the results
        can be plot with errorbar. ver 1.1 add GroupPlot function, can
        plot all the groups once.
Tools to 1) simulate and visualize stochastic differential
    equations and 2) determine stability of equilibria using the ordered-upwind
    method to compute the quasi-potential.
Create Q-Q and manhattan plots for GWAS data from PLINK results.
Provides users the necessary utility functions to generate permutation-based QQ plots and also estimate inflation factor based on the empirical NULL distribution. While it has general utility, it is particularly helpful when the skewness of the Fisher's Exact test in sparse data situations with imbalanced case-control sample sizes renders the reliance on the uniform chi-square expected distribution inappropriate.
Extensions of 'ggplot2' Q-Q plot functionalities.
Provides the function qqtest which incorporates uncertainty in its
    qqplot display(s) so that the user might have a better sense of the
    evidence against the specified distributional hypothesis.  qqtest draws a
    quantile quantile plot for visually assessing whether the data come from a
    test distribution that has been defined in one of many ways.  The vertical
    axis plots the data quantiles, the horizontal those of a test distribution.
    The default behaviour generates 1000 samples from the test distribution and
    overlays the plot with shaded pointwise interval estimates for the ordered
    quantiles from the test distribution.  A small number of independently
    generated exemplar quantile plots can also be overlaid.  Both the interval
    estimates and the exemplars provide different comparative information to
    assess the evidence provided by the qqplot for or against the hypothesis
    that the data come from the test distribution (default is normal or
    gaussian).  Finally, a visual test of significance (a lineup plot) can also
    be displayed to test the null hypothesis that the data come from the test
    distribution.
Presents an explanatory animation of normal quantile-quantile plots based on a water-filling analogy.  The animation presents a normal QQ plot as the parametric plot of the water levels in vases defined by two distributions.  The distributions decorate the axes in the normal QQ plot and are optionally shown as vases adjacent to the plot.  The package draws QQ plots for several distributions, either as samples or continuous functions.
Upload raster data and easily create interactive quantitative risk analysis 'QRA' visualizations. Select
    from numerous color palettes, base-maps, and different configurations.
Tools that create D3 JavaScript force directed graph from R. D3 JavaScript was created by Michael Bostock. See http://d3js.org/ and, more specifically for Force Directed Graph https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Force-Layout.
A Quantile Rank-score based test for the identification of expression quantitative trait loci.
Parametric modeling of quantile regression coefficient functions.
    Can be used with censored and truncated data.
Nonlinear and Penalized parametric modeling of quantile regression coefficient functions. Frumento P and Bottai M (2016) <doi:10.1111/biom.12410>.
Quantile regression in varying-coefficient models (VCM) using one particular nonparametric technique called P-splines. The functions can be applied on three types of VCM; (1) Homoscedastic VCM, (2) Simple heteroscedastic VCM, and (3) General heteroscedastic VCM.
Quick Response codes (QR codes) are a type of matrix bar code and can be
    used to authenticate transactions, provide access to multi-factor authentication
    services and enable general data transfer in an image. QR codes use four standardized 
    encoding modes (numeric, alphanumeric, byte/binary, and kanji) to efficiently store 
    data. Matrix barcode generation is performed efficiently in C via the included
    'libqrencoder' library created by Kentaro Fukuchi.
The qrfactor package simultaneously runs both Q and R  mode factor analyses. The package contains only one function called qrfactor() that can perform PCA, R-mode Factor Analysis, Q-mode Factor Analysis, Simultaneous R- and Q-mode Factor Analysis, Principal Coordinate Analysis, as wells as Multidimensional Scaling  (MDS). Loadings and scores can easily be computed from the  simulation.The plot.qrfactor() function offers several annotated  biplots for all possible combinations of eigenvectors, loadings, and scores. Input data includes shapefiles, tables and dataframe
Joint estimation of quantile specific intercept and slope parameters in a linear regression setting.
Quantile regression (QR) for Linear 
             Mixed-Effects Models via the asymmetric Laplace distribution (ALD). 
             It uses the Stochastic Approximation of the EM (SAEM) algorithm for 
             deriving exact maximum likelihood estimates and full inference results 
             for the fixed-effects and variance components. 
             It also provides graphical summaries for assessing the algorithm 
             convergence and fitting results.
Accompanying package to the book
 Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques and Tools by
 Alexander J. McNeil, Rüdiger Frey, and Paul Embrechts.
Various data sets (stocks, stock indices, constituent data, FX,
 zero-coupon bond yield curves, volatility, commodities) for Quantitative
 Risk Management practice.
Implements the robust algorithm for fitting finite mixture models based on quantile regression proposed by Emir et al., 2017 (unpublished).
Functions and data sets for reproducing selected results from
  the book "Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques and Tools".
  Furthermore, new developments and auxiliary functions for Quantitative
  Risk Management practice.
Functionality for generating (randomized) quasi-random numbers in
  high dimensions.
Quantile regression (QR) for Nonlinear
             Mixed-Effects Models via the asymmetric Laplace distribution (ALD). 
             It uses the Stochastic Approximation of the EM (SAEM) algorithm for 
             deriving exact maximum likelihood estimates and full inference results 
             for the fixed-effects and variance components.
             It also provides graphical summaries for assessing the algorithm
             convergence and fitting results.
Fit quantile regression neural network models with optional
    left censoring, partial monotonicity constraints, generalized additive
    model constraints, and the ability to fit multiple non-crossing quantile
    functions following Cannon (2011) <doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2010.07.005>
    and Cannon (2017) <doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/WG7SN>.
Quantile Regression (QR) using Support Vector Machines under the Pinball-Loss. Estimation is based on "Nonparametric Quantile Regression" by I. Takeuchi,  Q.V.Le , T. Sears, A.J.Smola (2004). Implementation relies on 'quadprog' package, package 'kernlab' Kernelfunctions and package 'Matrix' nearPD to find next Positive definite Kernelmatrix. Package estimates quantiles individually but an Implementation of non crossing constraints coming soon. Function multqrsvm() now supports parallel backend for faster fitting.
Molecular descriptors and outcomes for several public domain data sets
Dynamic bindings to the 'Qt' library for calling 'Qt'
    methods and extending 'Qt' classes from R. Other packages build upon 'qtbase'
    to provide special-purpose high-level interfaces to specific parts of 'Qt'.
Provides several methods for computing the Quantile Treatment Effect (QTE) and Quantile Treatment Effect on the Treated (QTT). The main cases covered are (i) Treatment is randomly assigned, (ii) Treatment is as good as randomly assigned after conditioning on some covariates (also called conditional independence or selection on observables) using the methods developed in Firpo (2007) <doi:10.1111/j.1468-0262.2007.00738.x>, (iii) Identification is based on a Difference in Differences assumption (several varieties are available in the package e.g. Athey and Imbens (2006) <doi:10.1111/j.1468-0262.2006.00668.x> Callaway and Li (2017) <https://ssrn.com/abstract=3013341>, Callaway, Li, and Oka (2017) <arXiv:1702.03618>).
Analysis of experimental crosses to identify genes
  (called quantitative trait loci, QTLs) contributing to variation in
  quantitative traits.
Conduct multi-Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping under the framework of random-QTL-effect mixed linear model. First, each position on the genome is detected in order to construct a negative logarithm P-value curve against genome position. Then, all the peaks on each effect (additive or dominant) curve are viewed as potential QTL, all the effects of the potential QTL are included in a multi-QTL model, their effects are estimated by empirical Bayes in doubled haploid or by adaptive lasso in F2, and true QTL are identified by likelihood radio test. Wang S-B, Wen Y-J, Ren W-L, Ni Y-L, Zhang J, Feng J-Y, Zhang Y-M (2016) <doi:10.1038/srep29951>.
Datasets for the book, A Guide to QTL Mapping with R/qtl.
Densitometric evaluation of the photo-archived quantitative thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates.
Web-based interactive charts (using D3.js) for the analysis of
    experimental crosses to identify genetic loci (quantitative trait
    loci, QTL) contributing to variation in quantitative traits.
Functions to infer co-mapping trait hotspots and causal models.
  Chaibub Neto E, Keller MP, Broman AF, Attie AD, Jansen RC, Broman KW, Yandell BS (2012) 
  Quantile-based permutation thresholds for QTL hotspots. Genetics 191 : 1355-1365. 
  <doi:10.1534/genetics.112.139451>.
  Chaibub Neto E, Broman AT, Keller MP, Attie AD, Zhang B, Zhu J, Yandell BS (2013)
  Modeling causality for pairs of phenotypes in system genetics. Genetics 193 : 1003-1013.
  <doi:10.1534/genetics.112.147124>.
Provides tools for joint analysis of multiple traits in a backcross (BC) or recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population. It can be used to select an optimal subset of traits for multiple-trait mapping, analyze multiple traits via the SURE model, which can associate different QTL with different traits, and perform multiple-trait composite multiple-interval mapping.
Functions to Simultaneously Infer Causal Graphs and Genetic Architecture.
  Includes acyclic and cyclic graphs for data from an experimental cross with a modest number (<10) of phenotypes driven by
  a few genetic loci (QTL).
  Chaibub Neto E, Keller MP, Attie AD, Yandell BS (2010)
  Causal Graphical Models in Systems Genetics: a unified framework for joint inference of causal network and genetic architecture for correlated phenotypes.
  Annals of Applied Statistics 4: 320-339.
  <doi:10.1214/09-AOAS288>.
This software provides tools for quantitative trait mapping in populations such as advanced intercross lines where relatedness among individuals should not be ignored. It can estimate background genetic variance components, impute missing genotypes, simulate genotypes, perform a genome scan for putative quantitative trait loci (QTL), and plot mapping results. It also has functions to calculate identity coefficients from pedigrees, especially suitable for pedigrees that consist of a large number of generations, or estimate identity coefficients from genotypic data in certain circumstances.
Functions for unconditional and conditional quantiles. These
    include methods for transformation-based quantile regression,
    quantile-based measures of location, scale and shape, methods for quantiles
    of discrete variables, quantile-based multiple imputation, and restricted
    quantile regression. A vignette is given in Geraci (2016, The R Journal)
    and included in the package documents.
Low-level interface to functionality in Qt for efficiently drawing
             dynamic graphics and handling basic user input.
Quantitative Analysis of Complex Networks. This package offers a set of topological network measures to analyze complex Networks structurally.
This package gives you the exact first four permutation moments for the most commonly used quadratic form statistics, which need not be positive definite. The extension of this work to quadratic forms greatly expands the utility of density approximations for these problems, including for high-dimensional applications, where the statistics must be extreme in order to exceed stringent testing thresholds. Approximate p-values are obtained by matching the exact moments to the Pearson family of distributions using the PearsonDS package.
Gridded data need not be regular, quadmesh creates a mesh from rasters. Future versions may be more general.
This package contains routines and documentation for
        solving quadratic programming problems.
Extends the quadprog package to solve quadratic programs with
    absolute value constraints and absolute values in the objective function.
Fits classical sparse regression models with
    efficient active set algorithms by solving quadratic problems. Also
    provides a few methods for model selection purpose (cross-validation,
    stability selection).
Exact one-sided p-values and confidence intervals for an outcome variable defined on an interval measurement scale with only qualitative and ordinal information available.
Used for testing for qualitative interactions between
    treatment effects and patient subgroups. Here the term treatment effect
    means a comparison result of two treatments within each patient subgroup.
    Models included in this package are Gaussian, binomial and Cox models.
    Methods included here are interval based graphical approach and Gail Simon
    LRT.
Contains methods associated with the Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control (i.e. DMAIC) cycle of the Six Sigma Quality Management methodology.It covers distribution fitting, normal and non-normal process capability indices, techniques for Measurement Systems Analysis especially gage capability indices and Gage Repeatability (i.e Gage RR) and Reproducibility studies, factorial and fractional factorial designs as well as response surface methods including the use of desirability functions. Improvement via Six Sigma is project based strategy that covers 5 phases: Define - Pareto Chart; Measure - Probability and Quantile-Quantile Plots, Process Capability Indices for various distributions and Gage RR Analyze i.e. Pareto Chart, Multi-Vari Chart, Dot Plot; Improve - Full and fractional factorial, response surface and mixture designs as well as the desirability approach for simultaneous optimization of more than one response variable. Normal, Pareto and Lenth Plot of effects as well as Interaction Plots; Control - Quality Control Charts can be found in the 'qcc' package. The focus is on teaching the statistical methodology used in the Quality Sciences.
Automatic generation of distinct qualitative color palettes,
    optionally adapted to color blindness. It takes a subspace of the HSL color
    space as input and projects it to the DIN99d color space where it selects
    and return colors that are maximally distinct.
Qualtrics <https://www.qualtrics.com/about/> 
    allows users to collect online data through surveys.
    This package contains convenience functions to pull
    survey results straight into R using the Qualtrics
    API. See <https://api.qualtrics.com/> for more 
    information about the Qualtrics API. This package is 
    community-maintained and is not officially supported 
    by Qualtrics.
Qualitative methods for the validation of dynamic models.
    It contains (i) an orthogonal set of deviance measures for absolute,
    relative and ordinal scale and (ii) approaches accounting for time
    shifts. The first approach transforms time to take time delays and speed
    differences into account. The second divides the time series into
    interval units according to their main features and finds the longest
    common subsequence (LCS) using a dynamic programming algorithm.
Implements indices of qualitative variation proposed by Wilcox
    (1973).
Functions for interacting directly with the Quandl API to offer
    data in a number of formats usable in R, downloading a zip with all data from a
    Quandl database, and the ability to search. This R package uses the Quandl API.
    For more information go to https://www.quandl.com/docs/api. For more help on the
    package itself go to https://www.quandl.com/help/r.
Methods which streamline the descriptive analysis of quantitative
    matrices. Matrix columns are samples while rows are features i.e. proteins, genes.
    Includes methods for visualization (e.g. Heatmaps, Volcanos, pairwise QQ, Bland-Altman plot),
    summary statistics (e.g. CV), data normalization methods (e.g. robustscale). Read function for Progenesis.
Statistical evaluation of calibration curves by different
        regression techniques: ordinary, weighted, robust (up to 4th
        order polynomial).  Log-log and Box-Cox transform, estimation
        of optimal power and weighting scheme. Tests for
        heteroscedascity and normality of residuals. Different kinds of
        plots commonly used in illustrating calibrations. Easy "inverse
        prediction" of concentration by given responses and statistical
        evaluation of results (comparison of precision and accuracy by
        common tests).
A fast, flexible, and comprehensive framework for 
    quantitative text analysis in R.  Provides functionality for corpus management,
    creating and manipulating tokens and ngrams, exploring keywords in context, 
    forming and manipulating sparse matrices
    of documents by features and feature co-occurrences, analyzing keywords, computing feature similarities and
    distances, applying content dictionaries, applying supervised and unsupervised machine learning, 
    visually representing text and text analyses, and more.
Provides different functions for quantifying qualitative survey data. It supports the Carlson-Parkin method, the regression approach, the balance approach and the conditional expectations method.
Estimation of conditional quantiles using optimal quantization.
    Construction of an optimal grid of N quantizers, estimation of conditional
    quantiles and data driven selection of the size N of the grid. Graphical
    illustrations for the selection of N and of resulting estimated curves or
    surfaces when the dimension of the covariate is one or two.
Code for centroid, median and quantile classifiers.
Specify, build, trade, and analyse quantitative financial trading strategies.
Modifies the distance matrix obtained from data with batch effects, so as to improve the performance of sample pattern detection, such as clustering, dimension reduction, and construction of networks between subjects. The method has been published in Bioinformatics (Fei et al, 2018, <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bty117>). Also available on 'GitHub' <https://github.com/tengfei-emory/QuantNorm>.
Estimation methods for optimal treatment regimes under three different criteria, namely marginal quantile, marginal mean, and mean absolute difference. For the first two criteria, both one-stage and two-stage estimation method are implemented. A doubly robust estimator for estimating the quantile-optimal treatment regime is also included.
Contains functions useful for data screening, testing
        moderation, mediation and estimating power.
Estimation and inference methods for models of conditional quantiles: 
  Linear and nonlinear parametric and non-parametric (total variation penalized) models 
  for conditional quantiles of a univariate response and several methods for handling
  censored survival data.  Portfolio selection methods based on expected shortfall
  risk are also included.
Implements the nonparametric quantile regression method developed by Belloni, Chernozhukov, and Fernandez-Val (2011) to partially linear quantile models. Provides point estimates of the conditional quantile function and its derivatives based on series approximations to the nonparametric part of the model. Provides pointwise and uniform confidence intervals using analytic and resampling methods.
Quantile Regression Forests is a tree-based ensemble
        method for estimation of conditional quantiles. It is
        particularly well suited for high-dimensional data. Predictor
        variables of mixed classes can be handled. The package is
        dependent on the package 'randomForest', written by Andy Liaw.
Fits non-crossing regression quantiles as a function of linear covariates and multiple smooth terms via B-splines with L1-norm difference penalties. Monotonicity constraints on the fitted curves are allowed. See Muggeo, Sciandra, Tomasello and Calvo (2013) <doi:10.1007/s10651-012-0232-1> and <doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.12924.85122> for some code example.
This is the implementation of quantile regression forests for the fast random forest package 'ranger'.
Methods to determine, smooth and plot quantile periodograms for
    univariate and multivariate time series.
Download and organize historical market data from multiple sources like Yahoo (<https://finance.yahoo.com>), Google (<https://www.google.com/finance>), Finam (<https://www.finam.ru/profile/moex-akcii/sberbank/export/>), MOEX (<https://www.moex.com/en/derivatives/contracts.aspx>) and IQFeed (<https://www.iqfeed.net/symbolguide/index.cfm?symbolguide=lookup>). Code your trading algorithms in modern C++11 with powerful event driven tick processing API including trading costs and exchange communication latency and transform detailed data seamlessly into R. In just few lines of code you will be able to visualize every step of your trading model from tick data to multi dimensional heat maps.
Using HTS data, clusters mutations in order to recreate putative
    clones from the data provided. It requires genotype at the location of the
    variant as well as the depth of coverage and number of reads supporting the
    mutation. Additional information may be provided, such as the contamination
    in the tumor sample. This package also provides a function QuantumCat() which
    simulates data obtained from tumor sequencing.
An implementation of two interaction indices between extractive
    activity and groundwater resources based on hazard and vulnerability
    parameters used in the assessment of natural hazards. One index is based
    on a discrete choice model and the other is relying on an artificial
    neural network.
Identify differentially expressed genes in RNA-seq count data using quasi-Poisson or quasi-negative binomial models with 'QL', 'QLShrink' and 'QLSpline' methods described by Lund, Nettleton, McCarthy, and Smyth (2012) <DOI:10.1515/1544-6115.1826>. Report bias-reduced estimates of log fold changes.
Set of functions to make the processing and analysis of
    surveys easier : interactive shiny apps and addins for data recoding,
    contingency tables, dataset metadata handling, and several convenience
    functions.
Implementation of a computationally efficient method for
    simulating queues with arbitrary arrival and service times.
It provides versatile tools for analysis of birth and death based Markovian Queueing Models
    and Single and Multiclass Product-Form Queueing Networks.
    It implements M/M/1, M/M/c, M/M/Infinite, M/M/1/K, M/M/c/K, M/M/c/c, M/M/1/K/K, M/M/c/K/K, M/M/c/K/m, M/M/Infinite/K/K,
    Multiple Channel Open Jackson Networks, Multiple Channel Closed Jackson Networks,
    Single Channel Multiple Class Open Networks, Single Channel Multiple Class Closed Networks
    and Single Channel Multiple Class Mixed Networks.
    Also it provides a B-Erlang, C-Erlang and Engset calculators.
    This work is dedicated to the memory of D. Sixto Rios Insua.
Calculates the Quandle, Rack and Degenerate Homology groups of
    Racks and Biracks (as well as Quandles and Biquandles). In addition, a test is
    provided to ascertain if a given set with one or two given functions is indeed a
    biquandle or not.
Use Newton's method and coordinate descent to solve the
        regularized inverse covariance matrix estimation problem.
        Please refer to: Sparse Inverse Covariance Matrix Estimation
        Using Quadratic Approximation, Cho-Jui Hsieh, Matyas A. Sustik,
        Inderjit S. Dhillon, Pradeep Ravikumar, Advances in Neural
        Information Processing Systems 24, 2011, p. 2330--2338.
Provides functions for assigning treatments in randomized experiments using
    near-optimal threshold blocking. The package is made with large data sets in
    mind and derives blocks more than an order of magnitude quicker than other
    methods.
While analyzing geospatial data, easy visualization is often
    needed that allows for quick plotting, and simple, but easy interactivity.
    Additionally, visualizing geospatial data in projected coordinates is also
    desirable. The 'quickmapr' package provides a simple method to visualize 
    'sp', 'sf' (via coercion to 'sp'), and 'raster' objects, allows for basic 
    zooming, panning, identifying,labeling, selecting, and measuring spatial 
    objects.  Importantly, it does not require that the data be in geographic 
    coordinates.
Provides functions for constructing near-optimal generalized full matching.
    Generalized full matching is an extension of the original full matching method
    to situations with more intricate study designs. The package is made with
    large data sets in mind and derives matches more than an order of magnitude
    quicker than other methods.
A high-level plotting system, built using 'grid' graphics, that is
    optimized for speed and modularity. This has great utility for quick
    visualizations when testing code, with the key benefit that visualizations
    are updated independently of one another.
Quickly fits and plots psychometric functions (normal, logistic,
    Weibull or any or any function defined by the user) for multiple groups.
A set of functions to extract results from regression models and
 plot the effect size using 'ggplot2' seamlessly. While 'broom' is useful to
 convert statistical analysis objects into tidy data frames, 'coefplot' is adept at showing
 multivariate regression results. With specific outcome, this package could build regression models
 automatically, extract results into a data frame and provide a quicker way to summarize
 models' statistical findings using 'ggplot2'.
Helps to perform linear regression analysis by reducing manual effort. Reduces the independent variables based on specified p-value and Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) level.
Grows a qualitative interaction tree. Quint is a tool for subgroup analysis, suitable for data from a two-arm randomized controlled trial.
Diagnostics methods for quantile regression models for detecting influential observations:
  robust distance methods for general quantile regression models; generalized Cook's distance and 
  Q-function distance method for quantile regression models using aymmetric Laplace distribution. Reference
  of this method can be found in Luis E. Benites, Víctor H. Lachos, Filidor E. Vilca (2015) <arXiv:1509.05099v1>; 
  mean posterior probability and Kullback–Leibler divergence methods for Bayes quantile regression model.
  Reference of this method is Bruno Santos, Heleno Bolfarine (2016) <arXiv:1601.07344v1>.
A facility for writing functions that quote their arguments,
 may sometimes evaluate them in the environment where they were quoted,
 and may pass them as quoted to other functions.
Thresholding based tests for null hypothesis of the form A beta =c, and the Quantile Universal Threshold (QUT) for GLM-lasso and Square-root lasso to obtain a sparse model 
 with a good compromise between high true positive rate and low false discovery rate.
For a given data matrix A and cluster centers/prototypes collected in the matrix P, the functions described here select a subset of statistic variables Q that mostly explains/justifies P as prototypes. The functions are useful to reduce the data dimension for classification and to discard masking variables for clustering.
Functions to compute quasi variances and associated measures of approximation error.
Implement a multivariate analysis interface for questionnaire validation of Likert-type scale variables.
A collection of (wrapper) functions the creator found useful
    for quickly placing data summaries and formatted regression results into
    '.Rnw' or '.Rmd' files. Functions for generating commonly used graphics,
    such as receiver operating curves or Bland-Altman plots, are also provided
    by 'qwraps2'.  'qwraps2' is a updated version of a package 'qwraps'. The
    original version 'qwraps' was never submitted to CRAN but can be found at
    <https://github.com/dewittpe/qwraps/>. The implementation and limited scope
    of the functions within 'qwraps2' <https://github.com/dewittpe/qwraps2/> is
    fundamentally different from 'qwraps'.
Generalized eigenvalues and QZ decomposition
        (generalized Schur form) for an N-by-N non-symmetric
        matrix A or paired matrices (A,B) with eigenvalues reordering
        mechanism. The package is mainly based complex*16 and double
        precision of LAPACK library (version 3.4.2.)
Memoization can be used to speed up repetitive and computational expensive function calls.  The first time a function that implements memoization is called the results are stored in a cache memory.  The next time the function is called with the same set of parameters, the results are momentarily retrieved from the cache avoiding repeating the calculations.  With this package, any R object can be cached in a key-value storage where the key can be an arbitrary set of R objects.  The cache memory is persistent (on the file system).
Functions for creating plots and image files in a unified way
    regardless of output format (EPS, PDF, PNG, SVG, TIFF, WMF, etc.). Default
    device options as well as scales and aspect ratios are controlled in a uniform
    way across all device types. Switching output format requires minimal changes
    in code. This package is ideal for large-scale batch processing, because it
    will never leave open graphics devices or incomplete image files behind, even on
    errors or user interrupts.
A file set refers to a set of files located in one or more directories on the file system.  This package provides classes and methods to locate, setup, subset, navigate and iterate such sets.  The API is designed such that these classes can be extended via inheritance to provide a richer API for special file formats.  Moreover, a specific name format is defined such that filenames and directories can be considered to have full names which consists of a name followed by comma-separated tags.  This adds additional flexibility to identify file sets and individual files.  NOTE: This package's API should be considered to be in an beta stage.  Its main purpose is currently to support the aroma.* packages, where it is one of the main core components; if you decide to build on top of this package, please contact the author first.
DEPRECATED. Do not start building new projects based on this package. Cross-platform alternatives are the following packages: bigmemory (CRAN), ff (CRAN), BufferedMatrix (Bioconductor).  The main usage of it was inside the aroma.affymetrix package. (The package currently provides a class representing a matrix where the actual data is stored in a binary format on the local file system.  This way the size limit of the data is set by the file system and not the memory.)
Performs the JIVE decomposition on a list of data sets when the data share a dimension, returning low-rank matrices that capture the joint and individual structure of the data [O'Connell, MJ and Lock, EF (2016) <doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw324>]. It provides two methods of rank selection when the rank is unknown, a permutation test and a BIC selection algorithm. Also included in the package are three plotting functions for visualizing the variance attributed to each data source: a bar plot that shows the percentages of the variability attributable to joint and individual structure, a heatmap that shows the structure of the variability, and principal component plots.
Methods readMat() and writeMat() for reading and writing MAT files.  For user with MATLAB v6 or newer installed (either locally or on a remote host), the package also provides methods for controlling MATLAB (trademark) via R and sending and retrieving data between R and MATLAB.
Methods that simplify the setup of S3 generic functions and S3 methods.  Major effort has been made in making definition of methods as simple as possible with a minimum of maintenance for package developers.  For example, generic functions are created automatically, if missing, and naming conflict are automatically solved, if possible.  The method setMethodS3() is a good start for those who in the future may want to migrate to S4.  This is a cross-platform package implemented in pure R that generates standard S3 methods.
Methods and classes for object-oriented programming in R with or without references.  Large effort has been made on making definition of methods as simple as possible with a minimum of maintenance for package developers.  The package has been developed since 2001 and is now considered very stable.  This is a cross-platform package implemented in pure R that defines standard S3 classes without any tricks.
The RSP markup language makes any text-based document come alive.  RSP provides a powerful markup for controlling the content and output of LaTeX, HTML, Markdown, AsciiDoc, Sweave and knitr documents (and more), e.g. 'Today's date is <%=Sys.Date()%>'.  Contrary to many other literate programming languages, with RSP it is straightforward to loop over mixtures of code and text sections, e.g. in month-by-month summaries.  RSP has also several preprocessing directives for incorporating static and dynamic contents of external files (local or online) among other things.  Functions rstring() and rcat() make it easy to process RSP strings, rsource() sources an RSP file as it was an R script, while rfile() compiles it (even online) into its final output format, e.g. rfile('report.tex.rsp') generates 'report.pdf' and rfile('report.md.rsp') generates 'report.html'.  RSP is ideal for self-contained scientific reports and R package vignettes.  It's easy to use - if you know how to write an R script, you'll be up and running within minutes.
Utility functions useful when programming and developing R packages.
Estimation of reproduction numbers for disease outbreak, based on
    incidence data. The R0 package implements several documented methods. It is
    therefore possible to compare estimations according to the methods used.
    Depending on the methods requested by user, basic reproduction number
    (commonly denoted as R0) or real-time reproduction number (referred to as
    R(t)) is computed, along with a 95% Confidence Interval. Plotting outputs
    will give different graphs depending on the methods requested : basic
    reproductive number estimations will only show the epidemic curve
    (collected data) and an adjusted model, whereas real-time methods will also
    show the R(t) variations throughout the outbreak time period. Sensitivity
    analysis tools are also provided, and allow for investigating effects of
    varying Generation Time distribution or time window on estimates.
Utilities for sparse signal recovery suitable for compressed sensing. L1, L2 and TV penalties, DFT basis matrix, simple sparse signal generator, mutual cumulative coherence between two matrices and examples, Lp complex norm, scaling back regression coefficients.
A series of functions to call 'AD Model Builder' (i.e.,
    compile and run models) from within R, read the results back
    into R as 'admb' objects, and provide standard accessors (i.e.
    coef(), vcov(), etc.)
An R interface to estimate structured additive regression (STAR) models with 'BayesX'.
It is a wrapper around the Cuba-1.6 library by Thomas Hahn available from the URL http://www.feynarts.de/cuba/. Implement four general-purpose multidimensional integration algorithms: Vegas, Suave, Divonne and Cuhre.
This package provides generic functions to analyze the distribution
  of two continuous variables: 'conf2d' to calculate a smooth empirical
  confidence region, and 'freq2d' to calculate a frequency distribution.
Suite of tools for using 'D3', a library for producing dynamic, interactive data
  visualizations. Supports translating objects into 'D3' friendly data structures, rendering
  'D3' scripts, publishing 'D3' visualizations, incorporating 'D3' in R Markdown, creating
  interactive 'D3' applications with Shiny, and distributing 'D3' based 'htmlwidgets' in R
  packages.
Provides functions for aligning 2D gas chromatography mass spectrometry derived metabolite peaks obtained from primary processing and generates an alignment table that
        allows for a comparison of common peaks across samples and metabolite identification. Publication describing the package in detail is available at the following citation: Ryne C. Ramaker, Emily Gordon, Sara J. Cooper (2017) <doi:10.1101/179168>.
2dRUE is a methodology to make a diagnostic of land
        condition in a large territory during a given time period. The
        following projects have funded this package: DeSurvey IP (EC
        FP6 Integrated Project contract No. 003950), DesertWatch (ESA
        DUE contract No. 18487/04/I-LG) and MesoTopos (Junta de
        Andalucia PE ref. RNM-4023).
Some heavily used base R functions are reconstructed to also be compliant to data.table objects. Also, some general helper functions that could be of interest for working with data.table objects are included.
Converting R CRAN outputs into Google Earth.
The model R squared and semi-partial R squared for the linear and
    generalized linear mixed model (LMM and GLMM) are computed with confidence
    limits. The R squared measure from Edwards et.al (2008) <DOI:10.1002/sim.3429>
    is extended to the GLMM using penalized quasi-likelihood (PQL) estimation
    (see Jaeger et al. 2016 <DOI:10.1080/02664763.2016.1193725>). Three methods
    of computation are provided and described as follows. First, The
    Kenward-Roger approach. Due to some inconsistency between the 'pbkrtest'
    package and the 'glmmPQL' function, the Kenward-Roger approach in the
    'r2glmm' package is limited to the LMM. Second, The method introduced
    by Nakagawa and Schielzeth (2013) <DOI:10.1111/j.2041-210x.2012.00261.x>
    and later extended by Johnson (2014) <DOI:10.1111/2041-210X.12225>.
    The 'r2glmm' package only computes marginal R squared for the LMM and does
    not generalize the statistic to the GLMM; however, confidence limits and
    semi-partial R squared for fixed effects are useful additions. Lastly, an
    approach using standardized generalized variance (SGV) can be used for
    covariance model selection. Package installation instructions can be found
    in the readme file.
Includes HTML function and methods to write in an HTML
        file. Thus, making HTML reports is easy. Includes a function
        that allows redirection on the fly, which appears to be very
        useful for teaching purpose, as the student can keep a copy of
        the produced output to keep all that he did during the course.
        Package comes with a vignette describing how to write HTML
        reports for statistical analysis. Finally, a driver for 'Sweave'
        allows to parse HTML flat files containing R code and to
        automatically write the corresponding outputs (tables and
        graphs).
Providing wrapper functions to implement Bayesian analysis in JAGS.  Some major features include monitoring convergence of a MCMC model using Rubin and Gelman Rhat statistics, automatically running a MCMC model till it converges, and implementing parallel processing of a MCMC model for multiple chains.
An R command interface to the 'MLwiN' multilevel
    modelling software package.
Using this package,
 it is possible to call a BUGS model, summarize inferences and
 convergence in a table and graph, and save the simulations in arrays for easy access
 in R.
R2PPT provides a simple set of wrappers to easily use rcom
        or RDCOMClient for generating Microsoft PowerPoint
        presentations.
r2stl, R package for visualizing data using a 3D printer
        Package r2stl converts R data to STL (stereolithography) files
        that can be used to feed a 3-dimensional printer.  The
        3-dimensional output from an R function can be materialized
        into a solid surface in a plastic material, therefore allowing
        more detailed examination. There are many possible uses for
        this new R tool, such as to examine mathematical expressions
        with very irregular shapes, to aid teaching people with
        impaired vision, to create raised relief maps from digital
        elevation maps (DEMs), to bridge the gap between mathematical
        tools and rapid prototyping, and many more.  Ian Walker created
        the function "r2stl" and Jose' Gama assembled the package.
Using the 'Ming' library
    <http://www.libming.org/> to create Flash animations.
    Users can either use the 'SWF' device swf() to generate 'SWF' file
    directly through plotting functions like plot() and lines(),
    or convert images of other formats ('SVG', 'PNG', 'JPEG') into 'SWF'.
Performs goodness-of-fit tests for capture-recapture models. Also contains several functions to process capture-recapture data.
This package uses either the statconnDCOM server (via the
        rcom package) or the RDCOMClient to communicate with MS-Word
        via the COM interface.
Invoke a 'BUGS' model in 'OpenBUGS' or 'WinBUGS', a class "bugs" for 'BUGS' 
  results and functions to work with that class.
  Function write.model() allows a 'BUGS' model file to be written.  
  The class and auxiliary functions could be used with other MCMC programs, including 'JAGS'.
This is a collection of useful functions and data for
        Stats 330
Create and combine HTML and PDF reports from within R.
    Possibility to design tables and listings for reporting and also include R plots.
Provides a collection of functions for basic
    database and document management operations such as add, get, list access
    or delete. Every cdbFunction() gets and returns a list() containing the
    connection setup. Such a list can be generated by cdbIni().
This package provides an R interface with 2-part 4dfp MRI images
  (.4dfp.ifh and .4dfp.img files.)
A collection of R functions for use with Stock Synthesis, a
    fisheries stock assessment modeling platform written in ADMB by Dr. Richard
    D.  Methot at the NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center. The functions
    include tools for summarizing and plotting results, manipulating files,
    visualizing model parameterizations, and various other common stock
    assessment tasks.
The R6 package allows the creation of classes with reference
    semantics, similar to R's built-in reference classes. Compared to reference
    classes, R6 classes are simpler and lighter-weight, and they are not built
    on S4 classes so they do not require the methods package. These classes
    allow public and private members, and they support inheritance, even when
    the classes are defined in different packages.
Useful methods and data fields to extend the
             bare bones 'R6' class provided by the 'R6' package - ls-method, 
             hashes, warning- and message-method, general get-method and a 
             debug-method that assigns self and private to the global environment.
Facilitates the design and generation of optimal color (or symbol) codes that can be used to mark and identify individual animals. These codes are made such that the IDs are robust to partial erasure: even if sections of the code are lost, the entire identity of the animal can be reconstructed. Thus, animal subjects are not confused and no ambiguity is introduced.
Solves the individual bioenergetic balance for different aquaculture sea fish (Sea Bream and Sea Bass; Brigolin et al., 2014 <doi:10.3354/aei00093>) and shellfish (Mussel and Clam; Brigolin et al., 2009 <doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2009.01.029>; Solidoro et al., 2000 <doi:10.3354/meps199137>). Allows for spatialized model runs and population simulations.
Implementation of some racing methods for the empirical
        selection of the best. If the R package `rpvm' is installed
        (and if PVM is available, properly configured, and
        initialized), the evaluation of the candidates are performed in
        parallel on different hosts.
Fit a variety of models to Rank Abundance Data
It has tools for normalization of rank abundance
     distributions (RAD) to a desired number of ranks using MaxRank
     Normalization method.
     RADs are commonly used in biology/ecology and mathematically equivalent
     to complementary cumulative distributions (CCDFs) which are used in
     physics, linguistics and sociology and more generally in data science.
Fundamental formulas for Radar, for attenuation, range, velocity,
    effectiveness, power, scatter, doppler, geometry, radar equations, etc.
    Based on Nick Guy's Python package PyRadarMet
Create interactive radar charts using the 'Chart.js' 'JavaScript' library
    and the 'htmlwidgets' package. 'Chart.js' <http://www.chartjs.org/> is a 
    lightweight library that supports several types of simple chart using the 'HTML5' 
    canvas element. This package provides an R interface specifically to the 
    radar chart, sometimes called a spider chart, for visualising multivariate data.
A platform-independent browser-based interface for business
    analytics in R, based on the shiny package. The application combines the
    functionality of radiant.data, radiant.design, radiant.basics,
    radiant.model, and radiant.multivariate.
The Radiant Basics menu includes interfaces for probability calculation, central limit theorem simulation, comparing means and proportions, goodness-of-fit testing, cross-tabs, and correlation. The application extends the functionality in radiant.data.
The Radiant Data menu includes interfaces for loading, saving,
    viewing, visualizing, summarizing, transforming, and combining data. It also
    contains functionality to generate reproducible reports of the analyses
    conducted in the application.
The Radiant Design menu includes interfaces for design of
    experiments, sampling, and sample size calculation. The application extends
    the functionality in radiant.data.
The Radiant Model menu includes interfaces for linear and logistic
    regression, Neural Networks, model evaluation, decision analysis, and
    simulation. The application extends the functionality in radiant.data.
The Radiant Multivariate menu includes interfaces for perceptual
    mapping, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and conjoint analysis. The
    application extends the functionality in radiant.data.
Functions to extract first and second order statistics from
    images.
RadioSonde is a collection of programs for reading and
        plotting SKEW-T,log p diagrams and wind profiles for data
        collected by radiosondes (the typical weather balloon-borne
        instrument), which we will call "flights", "sondes", or
        "profiles" throughout the associated documentation.  The raw
        data files are in a common format that has a header followed by
        specific variables.  Use "help(ExampleSonde)" for the full
        explanation of the data files.
Radioactive doses estimation using individual chromosomal aberrations information. See Higueras M, Puig P, Ainsbury E, Rothkamm K. (2015). A new inverse regression model applied to radiation biodosimetry. Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 471.
Implementation of ADMIXTURE for individual ancestry inference in R. Specifically, ADMIXTURE is a software tool for maximum likelihood estimation of individual ancestries from multilocus SNP genotype datasets, see <https://www.genetics.ucla.edu/software/admixture/>. Users can use 'radmixture' to calculate ancestry components with different public datasets. It is very convenient and fast for personal genotype data. For more details, see <https://github.com/wegene-llc/radmixture/blob/master/README.md>.
Designed for the import, analysis, and visualization of dosimetric and volumetric data in Radiation Oncology, the tools herein enable import of dose-volume histogram information from multiple treatment planning system platforms and 3D structural representations and dosimetric information from 'DICOM-RT' files.  These tools also enable subsequent visualization and statistical analysis of these data.
Contains 4 different functions for radon and soil gas transport in a porous medium.
An implementation of the radviz projection in R. It enables the visualization of
    multidimensional data while maintaining the relation to the original dimensions.
    This package provides functions to create and plot radviz projections, and a number of summary
    plots that enable comparison and analysis. For reference see Ankerst et al. (1996) 
    <http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.68.1811> for original implementation, 
    see Di Caro et al. (2010) <DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-13672-6_13> for the original method for dimensional
    anchor arrangements.
Aims at loading Google Adwords data into R. Adwords is an online
    advertising service that enables advertisers to display advertising copy to web
    users (see <https://developers.google.com/adwords/> for more information). 
    Therefore the package implements three main features. First, the package
    provides an authentication process for R with the Google Adwords API (see 
    <https://developers.google.com/adwords/api/> for more information) via OAUTH2.
    Second, the package offers an interface to apply the Adwords query language in
    R and query the Adwords API with ad-hoc reports. Third, the received data are
    transformed into suitable data formats for further data processing and data
    analysis.
A series of shortcuts for routine tasks originally developed by Rafael A. Irizarry to facilitate data exploration.
Proper L2-penalized ML estimators for the
  precision matrix as well as supporting functions to employ these estimators
  in a graphical modeling setting.
The ragt2ridges-package provides ridge maximum likelihood estimation of vector auto-regressive processes: the VAR(1), VAR(2) and VARX(1) model (more to be added). Prior knowledge may be incorporated in the estimation through a) specification of the edges believed to be absent in the time series chain graph, and b) a shrinkage target towards which the parameter estimate is shrunken for large penalty parameter values. Estimation functionality is accompanied by methodology for penalty parameter selection. In addition, the package offers supporting functionality for the exploitation of estimated models. Among others, i) a procedure to infer the support of the non-sparse ridge estimate (and thereby of the time series chain graph) is implemented, ii) a table of node-wise network summary statistics, iii) mutual information analysis, and iv) impulse response analysis. Cf. Miok et al. (2017) <DOI:10.1002/bimj.201500269> and submitted follow-up work for details on the implemented methods.
Algorithms to price American and European
    equity options, convertible bonds and a
    variety of other financial derivatives. It uses an
    extension of the usual Black-Scholes model in which
    jump to default may occur at a probability specified
    by a power-law link between stock price and hazard
    rate as found in the paper by Takahashi, Kobayashi,
    and Nakagawa (2001) <doi:10.3905/jfi.2001.319302>.  We
    use ideas and techniques from Andersen and
    Buffum (2002) <doi:10.2139/ssrn.355308> and
    Linetsky (2006) <doi:10.1111/j.1467-9965.2006.00271.x>.
Data fusion filters for Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS) based on
    Vlad Maximov's GyroLib AHRS library (quaternion based linearized/extended/unscented Kalman filter,
    Euler based LKF, gyro-free with vector matching, SVD calibration and EKF calibration),
    Sebastian O.H. Madgwick AHRS algorithms and Sebastian O.H. Madgwick implementation of Mayhony et al AHRS algorithm.
Rail trail data from the excellent 'TrailLink' website, sponsored by the 
    Rails-to-Trails Conservancy <https://www.traillink.com/>. Includes information 
    (such as name, length, surface, and reviews) 3,846 trails and 24,413 reviews in 
    every state in the United States. Data can be used for to better understand 
    recreational trail use in the United States and for examples / teaching, 
    particularly those involving hierarchical or repeated measures data.
Functions and data sets for functional data display and outlier detection.
The Climate Prediction Center's (CPC) rainfall data for the
    world (1979 to present, 50 km resolution) and the USA (1948 to
    present, 25 km resolution), is one of the few high quality, long
    term, observation based, daily rainfall products available for free.
    Although raw data is available at CPC's ftp site, obtaining,
    processing and visualizing the data is not straightforward. There are
    more than 12,000 files for the world and about 24,000 files for the USA.
    Moreover, file formats and file extensions have not been consistent.
    This package provides functionality to download, process and visualize
    over 35 years of global rainfall data and over 65 years of USA rainfall
    data from CPC.
Estimates of rainfall at desired frequency (e.g., 1% annual
    chance or 100-year return period) and desired duration (e.g.,
    24-hour duration) are often required in the design of dams and other
    hydraulic structures, catastrophe risk modeling, environmental
    planning and management. One major source of such estimates for the
    USA is the NOAA National Weather Service's (NWS) division of
    Hydrometeorological Design Studies Center (HDSC). Raw data from
    NWS-HDSC is available at 1-km resolution and comes as a huge number
    of GIS files. This package provides functionality to easily access
    and analyze the 1-km GIS files provided by NWS' PF Data Server for
    the entire USA. This package also comes with datasets on record point
    rainfall measurements provided by NWS-HDSC.
Functions for performing spatial microsimulation ('raking')
    in R.
Provides a programmatic interface to the citation information and alternate metrics provided by 'Altmetric'. Data from Altmetric allows researchers to immediately track the impact of their published work, without having to wait for citations. This allows for faster engagement with the audience interested in your work. For more information, visit <https://www.altmetric.com/>.
Characterizing environmental microbiota diversity using amplicon-based next generation sequencing (NGS) data. Functions are developed to manipulate operational taxonomic unit (OTU) table, perform descriptive and inferential statistics, and generate publication-quality plots.
Parser generator for R using combinatory parsers. It
    is inspired by combinatory parsers developed in Haskell.
Estimate the parameters, the number of classes and cluster vertices of a random network into groups with homogeneous connection profiles. The clustering is performed for directed graphs with typed edges (edges are assumed to be drawn from multinomial distributions) for which a partition of the vertices is available.
Provides an R interface for using 'AmCharts' Library. Based on
    'htmlwidgets', it provides a global architecture to generate 'JavaScript' source
    code for charts. Most of classes in the library have their equivalent in R
    with S4 classes; for those classes, not all properties have been referenced but
    can easily be added in the constructors. Complex properties (e.g. 'JavaScript'
    object) can be passed as named list. See examples at <http://datastorm-
    open.github.io/introduction_ramcharts/> and <http://www.amcharts.com/> for
    more information about the library. The package includes the free version
    of 'AmCharts' Library. Its only limitation is a small link to the web site
    displayed on your charts. If you enjoy this library, do not hesitate to refer
    to this page <http://www.amcharts.com/online-store/> to purchase a licence,
    and thus support its creators and get a period of Priority Support. See also
    <http://www.amcharts.com/about/> for more information about 'AmCharts' company.
It is widely documented in psychology, economics and other disciplines that socio-economic agents do not pay full attention to all available choices, rendering standard revealed preference theory invalid. This package implements the estimation and inference procedures documented in Cattaneo, Ma, Masatlioglu and Suleymanov (2017) <arXiv:1712.03448>, which utilizes standard choice data to partially identify and estimate decision maker's preference. For inference, several simulation-based critical values are provided.
Function for adapting the shape of the random walk Metropolis proposal
    as specified by robust adaptive Metropolis algorithm by Vihola (2012) <DOI:10.1007/s11222-011-9269-5>. 
    Package also includes fast functions for rank-one Cholesky update and downdate.
    These functions can be used directly from R or the corresponding C++ header files 
    can be easily linked to other R packages.
Additional matrix functionality for R including: (1) wrappers for 
    the base matrix function that allow matrices to be created from character
    strings and lists (the former is especially useful for creating block
    matrices), (2) better printing of large matrices via the generic "pretty" 
    print function, and (3) a number of convenience functions for users more
    familiar with other scientific languages like 'Julia', 'Matlab'/'Octave', or
    'Python'+'NumPy'.
Provides an efficient procedure for fitting the entire solution
    path for high-dimensional regularized quadratic generalized linear models with
    interactions effects under the strong or weak heredity constraint.
We rewrite of RAMpath software developed by John McArdle and Steven Boker as an R package. In addition to performing regular SEM analysis through the R package lavaan, RAMpath has unique features.  First, it can generate path diagrams according to a given model. Second, it can display path tracing rules through path diagrams and decompose total effects into their respective direct and indirect effects as well as decompose variance and covariance into individual bridges. Furthermore, RAMpath can fit dynamic system models automatically based on latent change scores and generate vector field plots based upon results obtained from a bivariate dynamic system. Starting version 0.4, RAMpath can conduct power analysis for both univariate and bivariate latent change score models.
Bayesian geostatistical modeling of Gaussian processes using a reparameterized and marginalized posterior sampling (RAMPS) algorithm designed to lower autocorrelation in MCMC samples.  Package performance is tuned for large spatial datasets.
Provides a solution path for Reinforced Angle-based Multicategory Support Vector Machines, with linear learning, polynomial learning, and Gaussian kernel learning.
The deterministic part of the Fortuna cryptographic
        pseudorandom number generator, described by Schneier & Ferguson
        "Practical Cryptography"
Generate random positions (latitude/longitude), 
    Well-known text ('WKT') points or polygons, or 'GeoJSON' points or 
    polygons.
A novel numerical algorithm that provides functionality for estimating the exact 95% confidence interval of the location parameter in the random effects model, and is much faster than the naive method. Works best when the number of studies is between 6-20.
Generates random names with additional information including fake
    SSNs, gender, location, zip, age, address, and nationality.
Model selection and parameter tuning procedures for a class of random network models. The model selection can be done by a general cross-validation framework called ECV from Li et. al. (2016) <arXiv:1612.04717> . Several other model-based and task-specific methods are also included, such as NCV from Chen and Lei (2016) <arXiv:1411.1715>, likelihood ratio method from Wang and Bickel (2015) <arXiv:1502.02069>, spectral methods from Le and Levina (2015) <arXiv:1507.00827>. Many network analysis methods are also implemented, such as the regularized spectral clustering (Amini et. al. 2013 <doi:10.1214/13-AOS1138>) and its degree corrected version and graphon neighborhood smoothing (Zhang et. al. 2015 <arXiv:1509.08588>).
The true random number service provided by the RANDOM.ORG
 website created by Mads Haahr samples atmospheric noise via radio tuned to
 an unused broadcasting frequency together with a skew correction algorithm
 due to John von Neumann.  More background is available in the included
 vignette based on an essay by Mads Haahr.  In its current form, the package
 offers functions to retrieve random integers, randomized sequences and
 random strings.
The Function performs a parallel analysis using simulated polychoric correlation matrices. The nth-percentile of the eigenvalues distribution obtained from both the randomly generated and the real data polychoric correlation matrices is returned. A plot comparing the two types of eigenvalues (real and simulated) will help determine the number of real eigenvalues that outperform random data. The function is based on the idea that if real data are non-normal and the polychoric correlation matrix is needed to perform a Factor Analysis, then the Parallel Analysis method used to choose a non-random number of factors should also be based on randomly generated polychoric correlation matrices and not on Pearson correlation matrices. Random data sets are simulated assuming or a uniform or a multinomial distribution or via the bootstrap method of resampling (i.e., random permutations of cases). Also Multigroup Parallel analysis is made available for random (uniform and multinomial distribution and with or without difficulty factor) and bootstrap methods. An option to choose between default or full output is also available as well as a parameter to print Fit Statistics (Chi-squared, TLI, RMSEA, RMR and BIC) for the factor solutions indicated by the Parallel Analysis.
Simple methods to generate attractive random colors. The random
  colors are from a wrapper of 'randomColor.js'
  <https://github.com/davidmerfield/randomColor>. In addition, it also generates
  optimally distinct colors based on k-means (inspired by 'IWantHue'
  <https://github.com/medialab/iwanthue>).
Methods for the inference on and the simulation of Gaussian fields are provided, as well as methods for the simulation of extreme value random fields.
Various utilities are provided that might be used in spatial statistics and elsewhere. It delivers a method for solving linear equations that checks the sparsity of the matrix before any algorithm is used. Furthermore, it includes the Struve functions.
Classification and regression based on a forest of trees using random inputs, based on Breiman (2001) <DOI:10.1023/A:1010933404324>.
A set of tools to help explain which variables are most important in a random forests. Various variable importance measures are calculated and visualized in different settings in order to get an idea on how their importance changes depending on our criteria (Hemant Ishwaran and Udaya B. Kogalur and Eiran Z. Gorodeski and Andy J. Minn and Michael S. Lauer (2010) <doi:10.1198/jasa.2009.tm08622>, Leo Breiman (2001) <doi:10.1023/A:1010933404324>).
A unified treatment of Breiman's random forests for survival, regression and classification problems based on Ishwaran and Kogalur's random survival forests (RSF) package.  Now extended to include multivariate and unsupervised forests.  Also includes quantile regression forests for univariate and multivariate training/testing settings.  The package runs in both serial and parallel (OpenMP) modes.
The package implements a bagging predictor based on
        general linear models
Allows the user to conduct randomization-based inference for a wide variety of experimental scenarios. The package leverages a potential outcomes framework to output randomization-based p-values and null intervals for test statistics geared toward any estimands of interest, according to the specified null and alternative hypotheses. Users can define custom randomization schemes so that the randomization distributions are accurate for their experimental settings. The package also creates visualizations of randomization distributions and can test multiple test statistics simultaneously.
Contains a function to randomize subjects, patients in groups of 
   sequences (treatment sequences).
   If a blocksize is given, the randomization will be done within blocks.
   The randomization may be controlled by a Wald-Wolfowitz runs test.
   Functions to obtain the p-value of that test are included.
   The package is mainly intended for randomization of bioequivalence studies
   but may be used also for other clinical crossover studies.
   Contains two helper functions sequences() and williams() to get the sequences 
   of commonly used designs in BE studies.
This tool enables the user to choose a randomization procedure
    based on sound scientific criteria. It comprises the generation of
    randomization sequences as well the assessment of randomization procedures
    based on carefully selected criteria. Furthermore, 'randomizeR' provides a
    function for the comparison of randomization procedures.
Generates random assignments for common experimental designs and 
	    random samples for common sampling designs.
Fits standard and random effects latent class models. The single level random effects model is described in Qu et al <doi:10.2307/2533043> and the two level random effects model in Beath and Heller <doi:10.1177/1471082X0800900302>. Examples are given for their use in diagnostic testing.
Function for generating random gender and ethnicity correct first and/or last names. Names are chosen proportionally based upon their probability of appearing in a large scale data base of real names.
Ensemble model, for classification, regression
	and unsupervised learning, based on a forest of unpruned 
	and randomized binary decision trees. Each tree is grown 
	by sampling, with replacement, a set of variables at each node. 
	Each cut-point is generated randomly, according to the continuous 
	Uniform distribution. For each tree, data are either bootstrapped 
	or subsampled. The unsupervised mode introduces clustering, dimension reduction
	and variable importance, using a three-layer engine. Random Uniform Forests are mainly 
	aimed to lower correlation between trees (or trees residuals), to provide a deep analysis 
	of variable importance and to allow native distributed and incremental learning.
Performs random projection using Johnson-Lindenstrauss (JL) Lemma (see William B.Johnson and Joram Lindenstrauss (1984) <doi:10.1090/conm/026/737400>). Random Projection is a dimension reduction technique, where the data in the high dimensional space is projected into the low dimensional space using JL transform. The original high dimensional data matrix is multiplied with the low dimensional projection matrix which results in reduced matrix. The projection matrix can be generated using the projection function that is independent to the original data. Then finally apply the classification task on the projected data.
Connects to the site <http://quotesondesign.com/> 
            that uses the 'WordPress' JSON REST API 
            to provide a way for you to grab quotes.
Generate random strings of a dictated size of symbol set and
    distribution of the lengths of strings.
Several non parametric randomness tests for numeric sequences
Provides (1) pseudo random generators - general linear congruential generators, multiple recursive generators and generalized feedback shift register (SF-Mersenne Twister algorithm and WELL generators); (2) quasi random generators - the Torus algorithm, the Sobol sequence, the Halton sequence (including the Van der Corput sequence) and (3) some RNG tests - the gap test, the serial test, the poker test. The package depends on rngWELL package but it can be provided without this dependency on demand to the maintainer. For true random number generation, use the 'random' package, for Latin Hypercube Sampling (a hybrid QMC method), use the 'lhs' package. A number of RNGs and tests for RNGs are also provided by 'RDieHarder', all available on CRAN. There is also a small stand-alone package 'rngwell19937' for the WELL19937a RNG.
Implements random variables by means of S4 classes and methods.
Provides tools for filtering occurrence records, generating alpha-hull-derived range polygons and mapping species distributions.
Tools for easy generation of (life-history) traits maps based on
    species range (extent-of-occurrence) maps.
A fast implementation of Random Forests, particularly suited for high
          dimensional data. Ensembles of classification, regression, survival and
          probability prediction trees are supported. Data from genome-wide association
          studies can be analyzed efficiently. In addition to data frames, datasets of
          class 'gwaa.data' (R package 'GenABEL') and 'dgCMatrix' (R package 'Matrix') 
          can be directly analyzed.
Displays palette of 5 colors based on photos depicting the unique and vibrant culture of Punjab
             in Northern India. Since Punjab translates to "Land of 5 Rivers" there are 5 colors per palette.
             If users need more than 5 colors, they can 2 merge palettes to create their own color-combination.
             Users can view colors of 1 or 2 palettes together. Users can also list all the palette choices.
             And last but not least, users can see the photo that inspired a particular palette.
Performs aggregation of ordered lists based
        on the ranks using several different algorithms:
        Cross-Entropy Monte Carlo algorithm, Genetic algorithm, and a
        brute force algorithm (for small problems).
Implementation of a model-based clustering algorithm for
    ranking data. Multivariate rankings as well as partial rankings are taken
    into account. This algorithm is based on an extension of the Insertion
    Sorting Rank (ISR) model for ranking data, which is a meaningful and
    effective model parametrized by a position parameter (the modal ranking,
    quoted by mu) and a dispersion parameter (quoted by pi). The heterogeneity
    of the rank population is modelled by a mixture of ISR, whereas conditional
    independence assumption is considered for multivariate rankings.
Implements distance based probability models for ranking data. 
    The supported distance metrics include Kendall distance, Spearman distance, Footrule distance, Hamming distance,
    , Weighted-tau distance and Weighted Kendall distance.
    Phi-component model and mixture models are also supported.
The rankFD() function calculates the Wald-type statistic (WTS) and the ANOVA-type
	     statistic (ATS) for nonparametric factorial designs, e.g., for count, ordinal or score data
	     in a crossed design with an arbitrary number of factors.
Rank-hazard plots Karvanen and Harrell (2009) <DOI:10.1002/sim.3591> visualize the relative importance of covariates in a proportional hazards model. The key idea is to rank the covariate values and plot the relative hazard as a function of ranks scaled to interval [0,1]. The relative hazard is plotted in respect to the reference hazard, which can bee.g. the hazard related to the median of the covariate.
Functions to generate plots and tables for comparing independently-
    sampled populations. Companion package to "A Primer on Visualizations
    for Comparing Populations, Including the Issue of Overlapping Confidence
    Intervals" by Wright, Klein, and Wieczorek (2017, in press).
Methods for ranking responses of a single response question or a multiple response question
Implementation of Kernelized score functions and other semi-supervised learning algorithms for node label ranking in biomolecular networks. RANKS can be easily applied to a large set of different relevant problems in computational biology, ranging from automatic protein function prediction, to gene disease prioritization and drug repositioning, and more in general to any bioinformatics problem that can be formalized as a node label ranking problem in a graph. The modular nature of the implementation allows to experiment with different score functions and kernels and to easily compare the results with baseline network-based methods such as label propagation and random walk algorithms, as well as to enlarge the algorithmic scheme by adding novel user-defined score functions and kernels.
Finds the k nearest neighbours for every point in a given dataset
    in O(N log N) time using Arya and Mount's ANN library (v1.1.3). There is
    support for approximate as well as exact searches, fixed radius searches
    and 'bd' as well as 'kd' trees. The distance is computed using the L2
    (Euclidean) metric. Please see package 'RANN.L1' for the same
    functionality using the L1 (Manhattan, taxicab) metric.
Finds the k nearest neighbours for every point in a given dataset
    in O(N log N) time using Arya and Mount's ANN library (v1.1.3). There is
    support for approximate as well as exact searches, fixed radius searches
    and 'bd' as well as 'kd' trees. The distance is computed using the L1
    (Manhattan, taxicab) metric. Please see package 'RANN' for the same
    functionality using the L2 (Euclidean) metric.
To find the reversal association between variables.
Access services specified in OpenAPI (formerly Swagger) format.
  It is not a code generator. Client is generated dynamically as a list of R 
  functions.
Access to the C-level R date and datetime code is provided for
 C-level API use by other packages via registration of native functions.
 Client packages simply include a single header 'RApiDatetime.h' provided
 by this package, and also 'import' it.  The R Core group is the original
 author of the code made available with slight modifications by this package.
Provides JSON parsing capability through the 'Rapidjson' 'C++' header-only library.
Facilitates efficient polygon search using kd trees.
    Coordinate level spatial data can be aggregated to higher geographical
    identities like census blocks, ZIP codes or police district boundaries.
    This process requires mapping each point in the given data set to a
    particular identity of the desired geographical hierarchy. Unless efficient
    data structures are used, this can be a daunting task. The operation
    point.in.polygon() from the package sp is computationally expensive.
    Here, we exploit kd-trees as efficient nearest neighbor search algorithm
    to dramatically reduce the effective number of polygons being searched.
Package to perform non-invasive fetal testing for aneuploidies
    using sequencing count data from cell-free DNA
A 'Java' implementation of the RAKE algorithm (Rose, S., Engel, D., 
  Cramer, N. and Cowley, W. (2010) <doi:10.1002/9780470689646.ch1>), which can 
  be used to extract keywords from documents without any training data.
This package provides other packages with access to the internal 
 R serialization code. Access to this code is provided at the C function
 level by using the registration of native function mechanism. Client
 packages simply include a single header file RApiSerializeAPI.h provided by
 this package.

    This packages builds on the Rhpc package by Junji Nakano and Ei-ji Nakama
 which also includes a (partial) copy of the file src/main/serialize.c from R
 itself. 

    The R Core group is the original author of the serialization code made
 available by this package.
Kernel method that performs online outlier detection through random low-dimensional projections in a kernel space. Controls the probability of false alarm error. See Kellner J., "Gaussian models and kernel methods" (2016), PhD thesis for reference <https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/789d119a-6763-4205-972f-b318cd4fdb27>.
Bindings to various methods in the kernel for enforcing security
    restrictions. AppArmor can apply mandatory access control (MAC) policies on
    a given task (process) via security profiles with detailed ACL definitions. 
    In addition the package has kernel bindings for setting the process hardware
    resource limits (rlimit), uid, gid, affinity and priority. The high level R
    function 'eval.secure' builds on these methods to do dynamic sandboxing:
    it evaluates a single R expression within a temporary fork which acts as a 
    sandbox by enforcing fine grained restrictions without affecting the main R 
    process. Recent versions on this package can also be installed on systems
    without libapparmor, in which case some features are automatically disabled.
An easy way to determine which directories on the users computer
    you should use to save data, caches and logs. A port of Python's 'Appdirs'
    (\url{https://github.com/ActiveState/appdirs}) to R.
Facilitating the creation of reproducible statistical
    report templates. Once created, rapport templates can be exported to
    various external formats (HTML, LaTeX, PDF, ODT etc.) with pandoc as the
    converter backend.
Helper functions that act as wrappers to more advanced statistical
    methods with the advantage of having sane defaults for quick reporting.
Performs wood cell anatomical data analyses on spatially explicit xylem (tracheids) datasets 
                  derived from thin sections of woody tissue. The package includes functions for visualisation, 
                  detection and alignment of continuous tracheid radial file (defined as rows) and individual tracheid position 
                  within an annual ring of coniferous species. This package is designed to be used with elaborate cell output, 
                  e.g. as provided with ROXAS (von Arx & Carrer, 2014 <doi:10.1016/j.dendro.2013.12.001>). The package has been validated for Picea abies, 
                  Larix Siberica, Pinus cembra and Pinus sylvestris.
Biodiversity is in crisis. The overarching aim of conservation
    is to preserve biodiversity patterns and processes. To this end, protected
    areas are established to buffer species and preserve biodiversity processes.
    But resources are limited and so protected areas must be cost-effective.
    This package contains tools to generate plans for protected areas
    (prioritizations), using spatially explicit targets for biodiversity
    patterns and processes. To obtain solutions in a feasible amount  of time,
    this package uses the commercial 'Gurobi' software package (obtained from
    <http://www.gurobi.com/>). Additionally, the 'rgurobi' package can also be
    installed to provide extra functionality (obtained from
    <http://github.com/jeffreyhanson/rgurobi>). For more information on using
    this package, see Hanson et al. (2017) <doi:10.1111/2041-210X.12862>.
This package uses the functions written by Daniel 
 Morissette <danmo@videotron.ca> to read geographical information in Arc/Info 
 V 7.x format and E00 files to import the coverages into R variables.
Tests gene-environment interaction for rare genetic variants using Sequence Kernel Association Test (SKAT) type gene-based tests. Includes two tests for the interaction term only, and one joint test for genetic main effects and gene-environment interaction.
Randomization tests for the statistical comparison of \emph{i} = two or more individual-based, sample-based or coverage-based rarefaction curves. The ecological null hypothesis is that the \emph{i} samples were all drawn randomly from a single assemblage, with (necessarily) a single underlying species abundance distribution. The biogeographic null hypothesis is that the \emph{i} samples were all drawn from different assemblages that, nonetheless, share similar species richness and species abundance distributions
Fit Gaussian hidden Markov (or semi-Markov) models with / without autoregressive coefficients and with / without regularization. The fitting algorithm for the hidden Markov model is illustrated by Rabiner (1989) <doi:10.1109/5.18626>. The shrinkage estimation on the covariance matrices is based on the method by Ledoit et al. (2004) <doi:10.1016/S0047-259X(03)00096-4>. The shrinkage estimation on the autoregressive coefficients uses the elastic net shrinkage detailed in Zou et al. (2005) <doi:10.1111/j.1467-9868.2005.00503.x>.
Allows calculation of rarity weights for species and indices of rarity for assemblages of species according to different methods (Leroy et al. 2012, Insect. Conserv. Divers. 5:159-168 <doi:10.1111/j.1752-4598.2011.00148.x>; Leroy et al. 2013, Divers. Distrib. 19:794-803 <doi:10.1111/ddi.12040>).
Previously an R wrapper of the 'ARPACK' library
    <http://www.caam.rice.edu/software/ARPACK/>, and now a shell of the
    R package 'RSpectra', an R interface to the 'Spectra' library
    <http://yixuan.cos.name/spectra/> for solving large scale
    eigenvalue/vector problems. The current version of 'rARPACK'
    simply imports and exports the functions provided by 'RSpectra'.
    New users of 'rARPACK' are advised to switch to the 'RSpectra' package.
MCMC based sampling of binary matrices with fixed margins as used in exact Rasch model tests.
Software to perform supervised and pixel based raster image classification. It has been designed to facilitate land-cover analysis. Five classification algorithms can be used: Maximum Likelihood Classification, Multinomial Logistic Regression, Neural Networks, Random Forests and Support Vector Machines. The output includes the classified raster and standard classification accuracy assessment such as the accuracy matrix, the overall accuracy and the kappa coefficient. An option for in-sample verification is available.
Implements the Range Ancestral State Estimation for phylogeography described in Quintero, I., Keil, P., Jetz, W., & Crawford, F. W. (2015) <DOI:10.1093/sysbio/syv057>. It also includes Bayesian inference of ancestral states under a Brownian Motion model of character evolution and Maximum Likelihood estimation of rase for n-dimensional data. Visualizing functions in 3D are implemented using the rgl package.
Reading, writing, manipulating, analyzing and modeling of gridded spatial data. The package implements basic and high-level functions. Processing of very large files is supported.
This is a wrapper function for image(), which makes reasonable
    raster plots with nice axis and other useful features.
Performs kernel based estimates on in-memory raster images 
  from the raster package.  These kernel estimates include local means
  variances, modes, and quantiles.  All results are in the form of 
  raster images, preserving original resolution and projection attributes.
A S4 class has been created such that complex operations can be
    executed on each cells of a raster map. The raster of objects contains the
    traditional raster map with the addition of a list of generic objects: one
    object for each raster cells. It allows to write few lines of R code for complex
    map algebra. Two environmental applications about frequency analysis of raster
    map of precipitation and creation of a raster map of soil water retention curves
    have been presented.
Methods for enhanced visualization and interaction with raster data. It implements visualization methods for quantitative data and categorical data, both for univariate and multivariate rasters. It also provides methods to display spatiotemporal rasters, and vector fields. See the website for examples.
An implementation of routines for solving rate-distortion problems.
  Rate-distortion theory is a field within information theory that
  examines optimal lossy compression. That is, given that some
  information must be lost, how can a communication channel be designed
  that minimizes the cost of communication error? Rate-distortion
  theory is concerned with the optimal  (minimal cost) solution to such
  tradeoffs. An important tool for solving rate-distortion problems is
  the Blahut algorithm, developed by Richard Blahut and described in:

    Blahut, R. E. (1972). Computation of channel capacity and
  rate-distortion functions. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,
  IT-18(4), 460-473.

    This package implements the basic Blahut algorithm, and additionally contains a number of `helper' functions, including a routine for searching for an information channel that minimizes cost subject to a constraint on information rate.
Allows to limit the rate at which one or more functions can be called.
A function which performs exact rate ratio tests and returns an object of class htest.
The kappa statistic implemented by Fleiss is a very popular index for assessing the reliability of agreement among multiple observers. It is used both in the psychological and in the psychiatric field. Other fields of application are typically medicine, biology and engineering. Unfortunately,the kappa statistic may behave inconsistently in case of strong agreement between raters, since this index assumes lower values than it would have been expected. We propose a modification kappa implemented by Fleiss in case of nominal and ordinal variables. Monte Carlo simulations are used both to testing statistical hypotheses and to calculating percentile bootstrap confidence intervals based on proposed statistic in case of nominal and ordinal data.
Computes confidence intervals for the rate (or risk)
    difference ('RD') or rate ratio (or relative risk, 'RR') for 
    binomial proportions or Poisson rates, or for odds ratio 
    ('OR', binomial only). Also confidence intervals for a single 
    binomial or Poisson rate, and intervals for matched pairs. 
    Includes skewness-corrected asymptotic score ('SCAS') methods, 
    which have been developed in Laud (2017) <doi:10.1002/pst.1813>
    from Miettinen & Nurminen (1985) <doi:10.1002/sim.4780040211> and 
    Gart & Nam (1988) <doi:10.2307/2531848>. Also includes MOVER methods
    (Method Of Variance Estimates Recovery) for all contrasts, derived 
    from the Newcombe method but using equal-tailed Jeffreys intervals,
    and generalised for Bayesian applications incorporating prior 
    information. So-called 'exact' methods for strictly conservative 
    coverage are approximated using continuity corrections.
    Also includes methods for stratified calculations (e.g. meta-analysis),
    either assuming fixed effects or incorporating stratum
    heterogeneity.
A collection of randomization tests, data sets and examples. The current version focuses on two testing problems and their implementation in empirical work. First, it facilitates the empirical researcher to test for particular hypotheses, such as comparisons of means, medians, and variances from k populations using robust permutation tests, which asymptotic validity holds under very weak assumptions, while retaining the exact rejection probability in finite samples when the underlying distributions are identical. Second, the description and implementation of a permutation test for testing the continuity assumption of the baseline covariates in the sharp regression discontinuity design (RDD) as in Canay and Kamat (2017) <https://goo.gl/UZFqt7>. More specifically, it allows the user to select a set of covariates and test the aforementioned hypothesis using a permutation test based on the Cramer-von Miss test statistic. Graphical inspection of the empirical CDF and histograms for the variables of interest is also supported in the package.